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篇1：情态动词复习教案
情态动词复习教案
情态动词复习教案 高考考点： 1. 情态动词主要用来表示说话人的看法、态度等， 2. 情态动词表推测 所需课时：三课时 内容讲解： 一、情态动词主要用来表示说话人的看法、态度等， 1. can (could) 1) 表示能力，could主要指过去时间。例如： ① Two eyes can see more than one. 两只眼比一只眼看得清。 ② Could the girl read before she went to school? 这女孩上学前能识字吗？ 2) 表示允许。例如： ① Can I have a look at your new pen? 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？ ② He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading―room. 他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。 3) 表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。例如： ① Where can (could) they have gone to? 他们会去哪儿了呢？ ② How can you be so careless? 你怎么这么粗心？ 4) 比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。例如： ① Can (Could) you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗？. ② I’m afraid we couldn’t give you an answer today. 恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。 2．may (might) 1) 表允许，might可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。例如： ① You may take whatever you like.你喜欢什么就拿什么。 ② May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？ 2)在回答以may引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其它方式，如Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please don’t. / You’d better not. / No, you mustn’t.等，以免显得太严峻或不客气。 3 must 表示义务。意为“必须”（主观意志）。例如： ① We must do everything step by step. 我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。 ② --Must we hand in our exercise books now?我们现在就要交练习本吗？ --No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to. 不必。 3．shall 1) 表征询意见，用于第一、第三人称疑问句。例如： ① Shall I get you some tea? 我给你点茶好吗？ ② Shall the boy wait outside? 让那男孩在外面等吗？ 2) 表说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思，用于第二、第三人称陈述句。 例如： ① You shall do as I say. 按我说的做。（命令） ② You shall have my answer tomorrow. 你明天可以得到我的答复。（允诺） ③ He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. 有一天他会后悔的，我告诉你。（警告） ④ Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan. 什么也不能阻止我们执行这项计划。（决心） 4．will 1) 表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句。例如： ① I will do anything for you. 我愿为你做任何事。 ② None is so blind as those who won’t see. 不愿看的人眼最瞎。 ③ If you will read the book, I’ll lend it to you. 如果你愿意读这本书，我会把它借给你。 2) 表请求，用于疑问句。例如： ① Will you close the window? 请你把窗户关上好吗？ ② Won’t you drink some more coffee? 再来一点咖啡好吗？ 3) 表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。例如： ① Fish will die out of water. 鱼离开水就不能活。 ② The door won’t open. 这门打不开。 5. should 1) 表义务。意为“应该”（某件事宜于做），用于各种人称。例如： ① You should be polite to your teachers. 你对老师应该有礼貌。 ② You shouldn’t waste any time. 你不应该浪费时间。 2)（表示不确定）万一。例如： ① If I should see him, Ill tell him. 万一我见到他，我就告诉他。 ② If it should rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be postponed. 万一明天下雨,比赛就延期举行。 6. would 1) 表意愿。例如：: ① They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed. 他们不让他进去因为他衣着破旧。 ② I said I would do anything for you. 我说过我愿意为你做任何事。 2) 表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。例如： ① Would you mind cleaning the window? 请把窗户擦一下好吗？ ② They wouldn’t have anything against it. 他们不会有什么反对意见。 3) 表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。例如：: Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help. 她每遇到麻烦都会向她求助。他告诉我盒子打不开了。 7.ought to 表义务，意为“应该”（因责任、义务等该做），口气比should稍重。例如： ① You are his father. You ought to take care of him.你是他父亲，应当管他。 ② You oughtn’t to smoke so much. 你不应该抽这么多烟。 8. used to 表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在不复发生或存在。疑问式和否定式有两种。例如：i ① There used to be a building at the street corner, but it has been pulled down. 街道拐角处过去有座楼房，现在拆了。 ② I usedn’t (didn’t use) to smoke. 我过去不抽烟。j }F ③ Used you (Did you use) to go to school on foot? 你过去常步行去学校吗？ 9.特殊情态动词need和dare的.用法： need和dare既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时，主要用于否定句和疑问句。用作实义动词时，可用于各种句式。 1) 用作情态动词。例如：| ① You needn’t telephone him now. 你现在不必打电话给他。 ② I don’t think you need worry. 我想你不必发愁。 ③ She dare not go out alone at night. 她晚上不敢一个人出去。 ④ How dare you say I’m unfair? 你竟敢说我不公平？_ 2) 用作实义动词。例如： ① You don’t need to do it yourself. 你不必亲自做这件事。 ② We need to tell them the news. 我们需要把这消息告诉他们。 ③ The table needs painting (to be painted.). 桌子需要油漆一下。 ④ We should dare to give our own opinion. 我们要敢于提出自己的观点。 ⑤ He did not dare (to) look up. 他不敢抬头看。 ⑥ I dare say he’ll come again. 我想他会再来的。 【注意】（I dare say…为固定习语） 二、情态动词表推测 常用表推测情态动词的用法： 1.can 表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上）。例如：~,>_K ① He can’t (couldn’t) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。 ② You mustn’t smoke while you’re walking around in the wood. You could start a fire. 在林子里走时勿吸烟，那样可能会引起火灾。 2.may 表可能（事实上）。可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。 例如： ① He may be at home. 他可能在家。\ ② She may not know about it. 她可能不知道这件事。 3. must 表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。 例如： ① He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。 ② She’s wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of money. 她戴着钻石项链，一定很有钱。: 4. should 表推测，意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等。例如： ① The film should be very good as it is starring first-class actors. 这部新电影是一流演员主演的，估计拍得很好。 ② They should be home by now. 照说他们现在应当已经到家了。 5. ought to 表推测，暗含很大的可能，语气较弱。例如： ① Han Mei ought to know his telephone number. 韩梅该知道他的电话号码。 ② There’s a fine sunset; it ought to be a fine day tomorrow. 今天有晚霞，明天应该是个好天。 6. could可能性不大，语气较弱。 7 might 可能性最小，语气最弱。 备注： 表示可能性大小的顺序为： must >will >would >ought to >should >can >could>may>might 结构： 1情态动词+ 动词原形 （对现在和将来的动作进行推测） He must understand that we mean business. 2情态动词+ be +doing (对正在发生的动作进行推测) ----Where is LiLei ? ---- He may be studying at school. 3.情态动词+ have +done ( 对过去的动作进行推测) must have done 一定干了某事 could have done 可能干了某是或本可以干了某事 may/might have done 也许已经干了某事 should/ ought to have done 本应该做了某事可是没有做 need not have done 本不必干了某事 had better have done 最好干了某事 would rather have done 宁愿干了某事 would like / love have done 本想干了某事其实未干 Since the road is wet, it must have rained last night. 备注： 情态动词 + have +done 反义问句的结构由有无时间状语来决定。 Lucy must have worked last night, didn’t she? Lucy must have worked , hasn’t she? 4.情态动词+ have been + v-ing形式 （表示推测或评论过去某动作是否正在进行或一直在进行） They should have been meeting to discuss the problem. 三、情态动词其它用法 1. cannot but do sth. 表示不得不，只好 I cannot but choose to go. 2. may well +动词原形 完全能， 很可能 He may well be proud of his son. 3. may as well 最好…… We may as well stay where we are. 4 cannot ( 或neve篇2：情态动词
1） 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
2） 情态动词 除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。
3） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
4） 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。
篇3：情态动词
情态动词是高考考查的重点语法项目之一，全国17套高考试题对此都有考查。情态动词主要用来表示说话人的看法、态度等，它在英语动词中属于最难把握的一类。
情态动词，属于助动词的一种。首先我们来看看助动词。
概 说
助动词(auxiliary)主要有两类：基本助动词(primary auxiliary)和情态助动词(modal auxiliary)。基本助动词有三个：do, have和be；情态助动词有十三个：may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to. 上述两类助动词的共同特征是，在协助主动词构成限定动词词组时，具有作用词的功能：
1） 构成否定式：
He didn't go and neither did she.
The meeting might not start until 5 o'clock.
2） 构成疑问式或附加疑问式：
Must you leave right now?
You have been learning French for 5 years, haven't you?
3） 构成修辞倒装：
Nowhere can he obtain any information about his sister.
Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.
4） 代替限定动词词组：
A: Who can solve this crossword puzzle?
B: Tom can.
A: Shall I write to him?
B: Yes, do.
篇4：情态动词
基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是，基本助动词本身没有词义，而情态助动词则有自己的词义，能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法，或表示主观设想：
What have you been doing since? （构成完成进行体，本身无词义）
I am afraid I must be going. （一定要）
You may have read some account of the matter. （或许已经）
除此之外，情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征：
1） 除ought和used以外，其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。如果我们把ought to和used to看做是固定词组的.话，那么，所有情态动词无一例外地只能接不带to的不定式：
We used to grow beautiful roses.
I asked if he would come and repair my television set.
2） 情态助动词在限定动词词组总总是位居第一：
They need not have been punished so severely.
3） 情态助动词用于第三人称单数现在时的时候，没有词形变化，即其词尾无-s形式：
She dare not say what she thinks.
4） 情态动词没有非限定形式，即没有不定式、-ing分词和-ed分词形式：
Still, she needn't have run away.
5） 情态助动词的“时”的形式并不是时间区别的主要标志。在不少场合，情态助动词的现在时和过去时形式都可以表示现在、过去或将来时间：
Would you mind very much if I ask you to do something?
She told him he ought not to have done it.
6） 情态助动词之间是相互排斥的，即在一个限定动词词组中只能出现一个情态助动词，但有时却可以与have和be基本助动词连用：
You should have washed the wound.
Well, you shouldn't be reading a novel.
篇5：情态动词(网友来稿)
Ⅰ知识要点
情态动词本身有词义,但词义不完整,不能单独作谓语,需要在其后接动词原形构成复合谓语,情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。情态动词主要表示能力、允许、必须、批评和推测。一个情态动词可能有多种用法。说话人的某一种态度可能用多个情态动词表示。几个情态动词表示说话人的态度,有时意义相同,有时却有区别,互相不能替代。本讲主要通过情态动词的用法比较掌握其区别。现分七个问题讲解。
一.表能力：(ability)
1. can 只表能力,be able to 表最终产生的能力
She can speak EngLish .
By the time she finishes her courses,shell be able to speak EngLish well .
2. can没有将来时和完成时,要用be able to 代替
She will be able to see you tomorrow .
I have not been able to go to work for three days .
3. could不能表过去实际发生的行为,只表示过去一般 的能力
was (were,had been)able to 则能。意思是 succeed in doing或manage to do
Could not =was not able to
When I was five ,I could already swim .
He could swim,but he didn t jump into the water to save the boy .(没有发生行为）
He couldnt(=wasnt able to )go to London yesterday .（否定式相同）
Some of us can use the computer now but we couldn￠t three years ago .
Einstein was able to leave Germany before the war began .
Although the driver was badly hurt ,he was able to explain what had happened .
(实际发生了行为）
二.表允许：(permission)
1. may ,can (might ,could)
You may (can)go now .=I permit you to go .
Can I have a word with you ?
Could you lend me your camera ?
2. 否定式
may not = must not =can not
注意重音：He may not go tomorrow .(表允许）
=I do not permit him to go tomorrow .
He may not go tomorrow .（表推测）
=It is possible that he will not go tomorrow .
You cannot (mustn t,may not )play football in the park on Sundays ,though you may do
so on weekdays .
You mustnt smoke here.
=You cannot smoke here.
=You may not smoke here.
=You are not allowed tosmoke here.Y
=You d better not smoke here
三.表必须
1. must 表主观上的必须
have to + 原形=have got to + 动词原词形表客观上的必须
I must finish this before I go . (主观）
As we missed the last bus ,we had to walk home .（客观）
You have got to do it today .
2. must没有过去时和将来时,可用have to 表主观
I had to go yesterday .
I shall have to go to my hometown some day .
I have had to go three times already .
但间接引语或有间接引语味道的句子里可用must表过去。
Yesterday morning I told my mother that I must call on a frierd at once .
3. 表暂时必要用must,经常的需要用have to
I must go shopping this morning .
Do you have to go shopping every day ?
I don t have to go to school on Sundays .
4. mustn t 和may not， cannot表示禁止某人做事同义。
You mustn t walk on the grass .(may not )
Cars mustn t be parked in front of the house .(cannot)
5. 表示道义上的必要用ought to
I feel I ought to help you .
There ought not to be much noise in a hospital .
四.表批评：
1.表示对现在动作的批评
should (nt) + ( be )doing (肯定形式表否定意思,否定形式表肯定意思)
You should be reviewing your lessons ,why are you palying chess here ?
She should not be working .She is still very weak .
2. 表示对过去动作的批评
Should (nt) + have done (肯定形式表否定意思,否定形式表肯定意思)
I should have answered your letter soorer,but I have been too busy recently .
You should have taken her home .
You ought to have done the work yesterday .
The child ought not to have been allowed to go alone .
五.表推测 (possibility)
1.表对现在事实的推测：
①表示对现在状态的推测
There must be some tea in the pot ,
She must know several foreign langrages .
The teacher may be in the Lab .
Who might the man be ?
This ought to be your notebook .
The worker cannot be over sixty.(否定式用cant)
Can the news be true ?(疑问式)
How could you be so carless ?
注：①might 不表过去,只表婉转,可能性比 may 小。
② ought to表推测,与must相近,must表强调。
(2).表示对现在动作的推测
They must (may)be waiting for us now .lets hurry up .
It must (may) be snowing outside .
She must (may) still be thinking about the questions you raised .
He cant be watching TV now .He must be reviewing his lessons in the library .
What can they be argurning about ?
2. 对过去事实的推测：
①表示从过去对过去的事实的推测：
He was afraid it might rain that evening .
He could be very excited when he heard some good news .
John said the professor must be at least seventy .
②表示从现在对过去事实的推测：
They must have gone home .
She may (might) have gone to hospital .
She cant (couldnt )have done such a thing. (否定式用cant和couldnt均可)
Where can (could)he have gone ?
Can (could)she have forgatten my address?
3. 表示对将来事实的推测：
It must come sooner or later .
=It surely come sooner or later .
He may come or may not ,I don t know .
- Can he be back before May Day ?
- Im afraid he cant (be back before May Day)
情态动词 + 某些动词(go ,leave )的进行时,表对将来的推测
She may be leaving tomorrow .
I might (may)be going back is the fall .(秋季)
六. need与dare
(一).need和dare用于实义动词的特点是：
1.与其他实义动词一样,有词形变化
The leaves of this plant are yellow because it needs water .
Who dares to go ?
He needed help when he was at college .
She dared to be left alone at home when she was a little girl .
2.构成否定式和疑问式用助动词do
It doesnt need to be explained again .
Does he need to repair the machine at once ?
He did not dare to climb that mountain .
Don t you dare to touch me ?!
3.need接动名词作宾语表被动,接不定式表主动
dare接不定式作宾语,肯定式常接带to的不定式,否定式和疑问式带to与不带to均可。
The young trees need watering (to be watered).(如果接不定式则用被动式表示被动)
We need to discuss the matter carefully .
He dares to ask me that .
I dont dare (to) ask the question again .
Do they dare(to)come ?
(二).need 和dare用作情态动的特点是：
1.与其他情态动词一样,用于各人称、没有词形变化
第三人称单数一般现在时,不加“s”。
I dont believe you need go to shanghai .
Need we hand in the composition today ,teacher ?
No ,you neednt ./ Yes ,you must .(不说need)
The little girl said that she dare not go to town alone .
“If you dare speak to me like that again ,Ill give you a good beating(wipping)”
said the mother .
2. need和dare用于情态动词一般不用于肯定句。need只用于否定句和疑问句,dare只用
于否定句,疑问句和条件句
need的否定式 need not 或 neednt, dare的否定式 dare not 或 darent
不说：I need repair my watch today . 而说： I need to repair my watch today .
不说：She dared speak to a stranger . 而说：She dared to speak to a stranger .
He wanted to come to face me ,but he darent .
You neednt run so fast ,little one !
3. need 和dare用于情态动词,后接不带 to的不定式
He neednt be answered for it . She dare not say what she has just seen .
4. need 和dare接不定式的完成式,可表示过去的时间。
You neednt have told them the secret .
The students darent have asked the teacher when they met .
(三)．need 和dare可用作名词
There is no need to start so early .
Mary tried to ride on a cow for a dare .
(四)．need 和dare构成固定短语
We must train more experts to meet the needs of the four modernizations .(满足)
We will give you aids if need be .(有必要的话)
We will take steps at once in case of need (必要时)
We have got a great quantity of daily needs( 日用品) in recent years .
How dare you (he )…?“竟敢”“胆大妄为”
How dare you say I￠m unfair ?
How dare you steal apples from my garden!
I dare say, = I think it is likely , perhaps(我看…可能,大概…)
I dare say it will snow today .
I dare say your invention will greatly benifit the whole world .
I dare say sports and games can be of sreat value to people who work with their
brains most of the day .
I dare say you are thirsty after the game .
Itll rain tomorrow ,I dare say .
(五).didnt need to do 表示过去不必做的事,实际未发生动作。
neednt have done 表示做了不必要做的事,确实发生了。
I didnt need to get up early this morning .
So I stayed in bed until lunch time .
I neednt have got up early ,because I had no classes this morning .
You neednt have written such a long composition .
I didnt need to ring the bell ,because the door opened when I got to it .
You neednt have spent so much money ,now we havent got enough money to buy
the tickets.
She didnt need to read those thick books ,which saved him a lot of time .
You neednt have had your radio repaired ,you could have repaired it yourself .
七.“情态动词 + 不定式的完成式”表示一个过去的概念。
1. must have done (对过去情况的推测）
2. may (might)have done (同上)
3. cant (couldnt )have done (对过去情况推测的否定式)
4. could have done .(过去有能力做到的事,由于某种原因没做到)
5. might have done (过去有可能做到的事,由于某种原因没做到)
6. should(not) have done (对过去动作的批评)
7. ought to have done (同上)
8. needt have done (做了过去没有必要做的事)
9. darent have done ( 过去不敢做某事)
He must have arrived in shijiazhuang yesterday .
He may have missed the train .
He might have gone home .
I cant have taken it home .
You should have given him more help .
The wall shouldnt have been painted blue .
You ought to have handed in your composition yesterday .
You neednt have said that .
I darent have asked him when he was born .
Ⅱ高考试题及练习题
1. I didnt see her in the meeting room this morning .
she ____ at the meeting .
A.mustnt have spoken B.shouldnt have spoken
C.neednt have spoken D.couldnt have spoken
2. Where is my pen ? I ____ it .
A.might lose B.would have lost C.should have lost D.must have lost
3. I didnt hear the phone .I ____ asleep .
A.must be B.must have been B.should be D.should have been
4. ____they ____ their work so soon ?
A.Can …have completed B.Must…have completed
C.Should…have completed D.Need…have completed
5. -I saw Ann in the library yesterday .
-You _____ her ；she is still aboad .
A.must not see B.cant have seen C.mustnt have seen D.couldnt see
6. The train has gone .You two ____ on time .
A.should come B.must have come
C.ought to have come D.shouldn t have come
7. The little boys eyes are red .He ______.
A.must cry B.may cry C.must be cried D.must have cried
8. ____ she have lost the watch ?
A.Can B.May C.Need D.Must
9. You ____ your radio .Ive brought one .
A.mustnt have brought B.neednt have brought
C.mustnt bring D.neednt to bring
10. ----Did your sister break that window ?
---- ____ .
A.She must do it B.She may have done it
C.She may do it D.She can do it
11. ---- ____ she have lost her way?
---- She might have .
A.Must B.May C.Could D.Should
12. The ground was wet this morning . It ____ last might .
A.might have been rained B.must be raining
C.must have been rained D.must have rained
13. I parked my car right here but now it s gone . It _____ .
A.may be stolen B.must be stolen
C.must have been stolen D.must have stolen
14. ----We should have walked to the station ；it was so near .
--- -Yes .A taxi ___ at all nesessary .
A.wasnt B.hadnt been C.wouldnt be D.wont be
15. He ___ you more help ,even though he was very busy .
A.might have given B.might give C.may have given D.may give
16. ----Look ,someone is coming, guess ____ .
----Jack．Hes always on time .
A.Who can it be B.Who it can be C.Who he can be D.Who can he be
17. There was plenty of time .She ______ .
A.mustnt have hurried B.neednt have hurried
C.must not hurry D.couldnt have hurry
18. The plant is dead .I ___ it more water .
A.will give B.would have given
B.must give D.should have given
19. You ought ___ to stay here .
A.to allow B.to be allowed C.be allowed D.allow
20. We ___ for her because she never came .
A.neednt wait B.shouldnt have waited
C.mustnt wait D.mustnt have waited
21. Jenny ____ have kept her word . I wonder why she changed her mind .
A.must B.should C.need D.would
22. We ___ last night ,but we went to the coucert instead .
A.must have studied B.might study
C.should have studied D.would study
23. Tom ought not to ___ me your secret ,but he meant no harm .
A.have told B.tell C.be telling D.having told
24. The cat ___ hibernate in winter .
A.does not need to B.needn t
C.doesnt have to D.A or B or C
25. Neither of them ___ the snake .
A.dares catch B.dares to catch
C.dare catch D.A or B or C
26. He ____ have come here yesterday ,but he didn￠t .
A. could B.should C.ought to D.A or B or C
27. ----May I borrow your bike ?
----No ,you ____ .
A.mustnt B.may not C.had better not D.A or B or C
28. He was a good swimmer ,so he ___ swim to the river bank when the boat sank .
A.could B.succeeded C.might D.was able to
29. I got up early that morning ,but I ___ so because I had no work to do .
A.mustnt have done B.didnt need to do
C.neednt have done D.cant have done
30. I ___ up early this morning ,so I stayed in bed until 9 oclock a.m .
A.neednt have got B.didnt need to get
C.shouldnt have got D.cant have got
31. What ___ I do for you ,madam ?
A.shall B.can C.may D.will
32. He ___ see a doctor before it is too late .
A.must B.must have to C.need D.need have to
33. -Could I borrow your dictionary ?
-Yes ,of course you ____ .
A.might B.could C.should D.can
34.---- ____ I stop here sir ?
---- ____ No .Go on to the next paragraph ,please .
A.Will B.May C.Would D.Ought
35. I wasn￠t sure whether I ___ offer to help or not .
A.should B.might C.would D.can
36. ---- ____ we finish all the exersises in class ?
---- Yes ,you ____ .
A.Shall；will B.Need；can C.Can；might D.Must；must
37. ----May I put my bike here ?
---- No ,you ____
A.neednt B.cant C.wouldnt D.arent able
38. I ___ go if I had the chance .
A.can B.may C.will D.would
39. You ___ walk for miles and miles among the hills without meeting anyone .
A must B.need C.may D.have to
40. Our teachers are at work .You ____ make so much noise .
A.won t B.mustn t C.would not D.needn t
41. Im afraid it ___ rain tonight .
A.can B.could C.may be D.might
42. Dont be worried .The news ____ be true .
A.should not B.mustnt C.neednt D.cant
43. You ___ do what you like this morning .
A.could B.can C.are able to D.can be able .
44. ---- Need I start from the beginning ?
---- Yes ,you _____ .
A.need B.do C.can D.must
45. I wouder how he _____ that to the teacher .
A.dare to say B.dare say C.not dare say D.dare say
46. Some warm-blooded animals _____ biberate.
A.need not B.does not need to
C.needn t to D.do not need
47. Somebody _____ here only this morning .
A.must be B.must have been
C.can be D.should have been
48. I ___ them ,but I wasn t able to
A.ought to have helped B.must have helped
C.might help D.needn t have helped
49. You are wet through .You ___ in the rain .
A.must come B.must have caught
C.may catch D.must have got caught
50. He worked hard ,and ____ pass his examinations .
A.could B.is able to C.can D.was able to
Ⅲ 练习答案
1-5 DDBAB 6-10 CDABB 11-15 CDCAA 16-20 BBDBB 21-25 BCADD
26-30 DDDCB 31-35 BADBB 36-40 DBDCB 41-45 DDBDD 46-50 ABADD
Ⅳ 练习题分析
1. couldnt have spoken是对过去情况推测的否定式,可改成cant have spoken , 其他三项
均不能表示推测。
2. must have lost it 是对过去情况推测的肯定式。must可换成may 或might,但可能性
小。must可能性最大。
3. must have been表示对过去情况的推测。 must可换成may 或might .
4. can…have completed表示对过去情况推测的疑问式, can可换成could ,但不能用must,
may 和might构成推测的疑问句。
5. cant have seen 是对过去情况推测的否定式,cant能被couldnt替换。mustnt have
seen 不能表示对过去情况的否定式。
6. ought to have come 是对过去的批评,肯定形式,否定意思,说明你们俩没赶上火车是因
为来晚了。这里的ought to 与 should 同意,可互相替代。
7. must have cried 是对过去情况推测的肯定式。根据是the boy￠s eyes are red 。must
可以改成may 或might 。
8. can she have lost …?是对过去情况推测的疑问句。can 可改成could , 但不能用must ,
may 或might 。
9. neednt have brought 表示过去没有必要做的事,实际做了,但没有带来负作用。根据是
I have brought one 。
10. “She may have done it .”是对过去情况的肯定式,表示可能性较小。D项的 can只用于
疑问句或否定句。A和C项是对将来动作的推测。
11. “Could she have lost …”表示对过去情况推测的疑问句, could可被can所替换,但不能
用Must或May 。
12. must have rained …是对过去情况推测的肯定式。根据是The grourd was wet this
morning 。
13. “must have been stolen”是对过去情况推测的肯定式。根据是I parked my car right
here but now its gone 。
14. “A taxi wasnt at all necessary .”中的谓语动选了过去时。根据是We should have
walked to the station。“should + have + 过去分词”这一结构表示一个过去的概念。
15. “might have given”表示过去有可能做到的事由于某种情况没做成。本题的意思是“既
使他很忙,他还是可以给予你更多的帮助,但实际上并没有做到,这是肯定形式,否定意
思。”
16. 本题的意思是“看,有人来了。猜一猜是谁?”guess之后的who 从句是宾语从句,故用陈
述句的句式。it是从句的主语,是人称代词。it用于人表示搞不清姓别。C项的主语是he
,显然不合实际情况。
17. “neednt + have + 过去分词”这一结构表示做了过去没有必要做的事。根据是There is
plenty of time 。但这并没有坏影响。neednt不能改成mustnt 和couldnt , 因为它们没
有这种功能。
18. should have given 是对过去的批评。树死了是因为我浇水不多。本题意思是我该给
树多浇水,实际并没有多浇水。肯定形式,否定意思。
19. ought to 是情态动词,应接原形动词,但由于allow一词与逻辑主语You成被动关系,故用
be allowed.这称为含有情态动词的被动语态.
20. Shouldnt have waited 表示对过去动作的批评,是婉转的批评,留有余地的批评。否定
形式,肯定意思。
21. Should have kept her word 表示对过去动作的批评,是婉转的批评,有余地的批评。形
式上肯定,意思上否定。
22. Should have studied 表示对过去动作的批评,用法同21题。
23. Tom ought not to have told me…是对过去动作的批评,ought not等于Shouldnt,用法同
20题。
24. 选项A.does not need to hibernate中的need是实义动词,因为does not帮助它构成否定
式;B项neednt hibernate 中的neednt是情态动词,因为其本身构成否定式;C项doesnt
have to hibernate,意为“没有必要…”和A、B两相同意。故三项全正确。
25. 选项A.dares catch中的dares为实义动词,应接带to的不定式作宾语,但由于句首的
Neither构成这句话的否定句。实义动词,dare在否定句中,不定式宾语可以省to;选项
B。dares to catch 中的dares是实义动词,可接带to 的不定式宾语;选项C。dare catch
中的dare为情态动词,其后只能接原形动词,用于否定式,疑问式或条件句。故三项全正
确。
26. 选项A . could have come … 表示过去有能力做到的事,由于其中原因没做成；选项
B。should have come是对过去动作的批评,是婉转的批评,留有余地的批评,肯定形式,
否定意思;选项C。ought to 等should ,用法同选项B。故三项在语法和意思上全成立。
27. 选项A. mustnt和B. may not 表示禁止某人做某事同意。此外,还可以用cant和had
better not 等。
28. could 和 was able to 都表示过去有能力做某事。但could只表示泛指能力,不表示实施
了一个动作。was (were)able to 才表示过去既有能力,也实施了一个动作。本题表示
他的确游到岸边。
29. neednt have done 表示过去没有必要做的事,实际做了,但无负作用。本题的意思是那
天早晨没有必要早起,因为不上班,但实际早起了。
30. didnt need to do sth 是过去没有必要做的事,实际也没有做。
31. What can I do for you 中的can 表示能力,这是服务行业对顾客的礼貌用语。在不同地
方,翻译也不同。在商店,译成“你买什么货?”。在书店,就是“你买什么书?”。这句话不
能用“what do you want ?”代替。
32. 选项A. must表示“必须”,是主观上的“必须”。选项C. need ,用于肯定句,必须是实义动
词,宾语应是to see ,即带to 的不定式。need用于情态动词,只用于否定句或疑问句,不
能用于肯定句,故C项错。
33. 问句中的could 并非是过去式,而是表示委婉,客气的礼貌用语,但回答不能说yes ,you
could 。正确的答语有两种：Yes ,you can 或Yes ,you may。
34. May I stop here 中的May表示允许,还可以用can,但May较多用.但不能用其他各项。
35. might offer 是对将来的推测。must表示可能性最大,但也不是百分之百,may可能性小,
might可能性最小。这里用might的根据是I wasnt sure 和whether。其他各项均无此用
法。
35. might offer表示对将来动作的推测。情态动词must接原形动词,表示对将来的推测时
可能性最大,may表示可能性小,might最小。
36. must表“必须”用于疑问句时,其肯定回答是Yes ,you must,否定回答是No, you neednt;
need表“必要”用于疑问句,其肯定回答用Yes,you must,否定回答用 No,you neednt。
37. May表示允许用于疑问句时,其肯定回答是Yes,you may,否定回答有三种即No,you
may not;No,you mustnt;和No,you cant。还可以说No,you had better not。
38. 本句的would是情态动词用于虚拟语气,因为条件从句中用的是had,用过去时表示对现
在的虚拟。
39. may walk是情态动词接原形动词,表示对将来的推测,但是可能性比must较小,比might
较大些。must表示可能性较大,又与实际不相附。
40. mustnt make so much noise是不允许某人做某事,原因是Our teacher is at work。禁
止某人做某事还可用may not 和can not。不能用neednt。
41. might rain tonight是对将来的推测,表示可能较小用might,这是由Im afraid所决定的。
42. Cant be true表示对现在状况推测的否定式,其他三项均无此种用法。
43. can do what you like中的can不表能力,而表允许,和may的用法相同。
44. 由need构成的疑问句,其肯定回答是Yes,you must,否定回答是No,you needn t。
45. D为正确答案。dare一词既可以作情态动词,也可以作实义动词。作情态动词,后接原
形动词,作实义动词,后接带 to的不定式。dared say应发生在wonder之前,这就否定了A
和B项。全句的含义是“我不知道他怎么敢跟老师说那话。”
46. need一词既可作情态动词,也可作实义动词。作情态动词时,后接原形动词,没有人称
和数的变化。作实义动词时,后接带to的不定式作宾语。B项的数不对,C项多了to,D项
少to,故A为正确答案。
47. must have been here是对过去情况的推测,因为this morning为过去时间状语。
48. I ought to have helped them中的ought to 等于should,表示过去动作的批评。用ought
to表示道义上我应帮助他们,但由于某种原因没办成。
49. must have got canght中的got与been同义。be caught in the rain表示被雨淋,原因是
You are wet through。
50. could与was able to都能表示过去能力,但could只泛指有能力,不表示实际发生的行
为。而was able to 却能表示实际发生的行为,相当succeeded in doing。
篇6：情态动词讲义
情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should), will (would), dare (dared), need (needed),ought to等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语
一、can, could
1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。
e.g. Can you lift this heavy box?（体力）
Mary can speak three languages.（知识）
Can you skate?（技能）
此时可用be able to代替。can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。
e.g. I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.
当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用can。如：
e.g. He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.
Although he can’t swim, yet he was able to cross the river.
2) 表示请求和允许。
e.g. -----Can I go now?
----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could, might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。
e.g. ---- Could I come to see you tomorrow?
---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )
3) 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。
e.g. They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.
This hall can hold 500 people at least.
4) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
e.g. Can this be true?
This can’t be done by him.
How can this be true?
5）“can + have done”主要用于否定句和疑问句中，表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定。
e.g. He cannot have been to that town.
Can he have got the book?
“could + have done”表示虚拟语气。
e.g. But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the task before the deadline.
You could have achieved better results but you wasted the valuable time.
6）习惯用法：cannot …… too…… “再……也不过分”
e.g. You cannot be too careful in the choice of your friends.
二、may, might
1) 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t
或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。
e.g. ----Might/ May I smoke in this room?
---- No, you mustn’t.
---- May/Might I take this book out of the room?
---- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t. )
用May I...？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I...？在口语中更常见。
2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
e.g. May you succeed!
3) 表示推测、可能性（表示此意时，不用于疑问句）。
might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。
e.g. He may /might be very busy now.
Your mother may /might not know the truth.
4）“may / might + have done”表示对过去行为的推测。
e.g. Without the heavy traffic, we might have caught the train.
5）习惯用法：may / might as well + do “不妨”
e.g. You might as well have an another try.
三、must, have to
1) 表示必须、必要。
e.g. You must come in time.
在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不准），而用needn’t, don’t have to（不必）.
e.g. ---- Must we hand in our exercise books today?
---- Yes, you must.
---- No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.
2) must是说话人的主观看法， 而have to则强调客观需要。must只有一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。
e.g. The play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.
I had to work when I was your age.
3) 表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）
e.g. You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.
Your mother must be waiting for you now.
表示肯定推测的否定句，用cannot
e.g. This cannot be your pen.
4）“must + have done”对过去行为的肯定推测，否定句用cannot.
e.g. It must have been rainy yesterday, wasn’t it?
It must have rained yesterday, didn’t it?
5）have got to是have to 的口语形式。
e.g. You haven’t got to go to school today, have you?
6）must “偏偏”
e.g. Why must it rain on Sunday?
We were going to see a movie, but it must rain yesterday.
四、dare, need
1) dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。
e.g. How dare you say I’m unfair?
He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?
If we dared not go there that day, we couldn’t get the beautiful flowers.
2) need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。
e.g. You needn’t come so early.
---- Need I finish the work today?
---- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.
3) dare和 need作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。
e.g. I dare to swim across this river.
He doesn’t dare (to) answer.
He needs to finish his homework today.
4）“needn’t + have done”表示虚拟语气，本不必做某事而事实上却做了。
e.g. You needn’t have waited for me.
5）need doing = need to be done.
e.g. The washing machine needs repairing. = The washing machine needs to be repaired.
6）“I dare say”意为“我猜测”
e.g. I dare say he will come.
五、shall, should, ought to
1) shall 用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。
e.g. What shall we do this evening?
2) shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
e.g. You shall fail if you don’t work hard.(警告)
He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺)
He shall be punished.(威胁)
3）shall用于第一，第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。
e.g. Shall we begin our lesson?
When shall we be able to leave the hospital?
4）should, ought to表示“应该”，ought to表示义务或责任，比should语气重。
e.g. I should help her because she is in trouble.
You ought to take care of the baby.
5) 表示劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。
e.g. You should / ought to go to class right away.
Should I open the window?
6) should表示主观推测，“估计”“按道理应该”
e.g. He ought to/should be home by now.
They should finish it by now.
7）“should + have done”用于虚拟语气，本应该做某事而实际上并未做某事。
e.g. You should have arrived here 5 minutes earlier.
8）特殊用法：
“竟然”“居然”表示说话人感到意外，赞叹，愤怒，惊异等感情。
e.g. You can’t imagine the gentleman should be a thief.
e.g. I don’t know why you should think I did it.
“倒是”，用于第一人称时表示说话人的一种谦逊，客气，委婉的语气。
e.g. I should think it would be better to try it again.
I should advise you not to do that.
六、will, would
1) will表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。
e.g. Will / Would you pass me the ball, please?
2) will表示意志、愿望和决心。
e.g. I will never do that again.
They asked him if he would go abroad.
3) would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时比used to正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。
e.g. During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.
The wound would not heal.
4) would表示估计和猜想。
e.g. It would be about ten o’clock when she left home.
5）would用在虚拟语气中（参考虚拟语气语法）。
e.g. If it should rain, the crop would be saved.
七、情态动词+不定式完成式（have done）
1) can / could + have done在肯定句中表示“本来可以做而实际上未能做某事”，是虚拟语气；在疑问句或否定句中表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定, 表示推测。
e.g. You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best. （虚拟语气）
He can’t have been to that town.（推测）
Can he have got the book?（推测）
2) may / might +不定式完成式（have done）
表示对过去行为的推测。不能用于疑问句中。might所表示的可能性比may小。
e.g. He may not have finished the work..
If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived earlier.
3）must +不定式完成式（have done）
用于肯定句中，表示对过去行为的推测。意为“一定、想必”。其疑问、否定形式用can，can’t。can / could + have done表示推测。
e.g. You must have seen the film Titanic.
He must have been to Shanghai.
4）should +不定式完成式（have done）
用于肯定句中，表示对过去行为的推测。
e.g. He should have finished the work by now。
表示“本应该做而实际上没有做某事”，其否定式表示某种行为本不该发生却发生了。可以与ought to +不定式完成式（have done）互换。
e.g. You ought to / should have helped him. (but you didn’t.)
She shouldn’t have taken away my measuring tape, for I wanted to use it.
5) needn’t +不定式完成式（have done）
表示“本来不必做而实际上做了某事”。
e.g. You needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.
6) will +不定式完成式（have done）
主要用于第二、三人称，表示对已完成的动作或事态的推测。
e.g. He will have arrived by now.
篇7：情态动词用法
情态动词用法归纳
一、引言
情态动词主要用来表示说话人的看法、态度等，它在英语中具有很强的灵活性，是英语动词中最难把握的一类。情态动词有很多，每个用法又分很多含义，要真正区分它们非常困难。本文主要介绍了一些常见情态动词的相关用法，并通过举例和对比来深入地了解它们在句子中所扮演的角色，以帮助大家能够从基本的概念到复杂的时态一步一步深入地了解情态动词。
二、情态动词的概念和特点
(一)什么是情态动词?
情态动词(Model Verbs)又称情态助动词(Model Auxiliaries)。英语中的助动词主要有两类：一是基本助动词，如have, do, be;二是情态助动词，如may, must, need等。情态动词与其他动词连用表示说话人的语气。情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
(二)情态动词的特点
1、一般特点
情态动词无人称和数的变化,它后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 “not”。另外还有个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语态。情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。例如：
①He could be here soon.
他应该很快就来。
②We can't carry the heavy box.
我们搬不动那箱子。
2、引申特点：
除ought和used以外，其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。如果我们把ought to和used to看作是固定词组的话，那么，所有情态动词无一例外地只能接不带to的不定式。
例如：
①We used to grow beautiful roses.
我们过去常常种植美丽的玫瑰。
②She ought to pass her test.
她应当能通过考试。
三、情态动词的分类和用法
很多情态动词看似区别不大，但他们往往容易相互混淆。因此，仔细研究还是会发现它们之间微妙的差别。以下将从分类和用法来谈一些常用的情态动词。
(一)情态动词的分类
1、只能做情态动词的：must, can (could), may (might)
例①We must leave early.
我们必须及早动身。
例②These difficulties,we can and must overcome.
这些困难我们能够也必须克服。
2、可做情态动词又可做实义动词：need, dare
例①You need not make two copies.One will do.
你不必写两份，一份就行。
例②How dare you say so?
你怎敢这样说?
3、可做情态动词又可做助动词的：shall (should), will (would) , ought to
例①What time shall I come?
我什么时候来?
例②We shall have finished with this tomorrow.
明天这事就会干完。
4、具有情态动词特征的动词短语：have (had,has) to, used to
例①You have to have a visa to go to another country.
你到别国去得有签证。
例②I used to do business with him.
我过去和他常有业务往来。
5、情态动词表猜测：must, would, ought to, may, might
例①You may only borrow books for two weeks.
书你只能借两个星期。
例②I asked if I might go home half an hour earlier today.
我问我是否可以提早半个小时回家。
篇8：情态动词用法
(二)常见情态动词的用法
1、can, could的用法
(1)表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。例如：
①Can you draw the horses?
你会画马吗?
②I could see her though the windows.
从窗口我可以看见她。
(2)表示请求和允许。例如：
①Could I borrow you dictionary?
我可以借一下你的字典吗?
Yes,of course you can.(表示许可，与could对应)
当然可以。
②Could you show me the way?
你可否告诉我怎样去?
(3)表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。例如：
①They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.
他们改变了时间，所以我们可以乘公交替代。
②He said he could not come.
他说他不能来。
(4)表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度)，用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。例如：
①Can this be true?
这是会是真的吗?
②Could you have been waiting so long?
你竟然等了这么久吗?
2、may, might的用法
(1) 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t 或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。例如：
①Visitors may not feed the animals
参观者不可以给动物喂食
②He asked if he might use the phone.
他问是否可以借一下电话。
(2) 用于祈使句，表示祝愿。例如：
①May you succeed!
祝你成功!
②Long may she live to enjoy her good fortune.
祝她长寿好运!
(3) 表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句)。
在通常情况下，may 表示允许(请求允许或给予允许)时，总是针对“现在”或“将来”而言，若要表示已经给予或已经存在的允许，则通常不用may，而用can，例如：
①Nowadays, children can do what they like.
现在小孩子喜欢干什么就可以干什么
②May I borrow your book?
我可以借你的书吗?
3、must, have to的用法
(1) 表示必须、必要。例如：
①You must come in time.
你必须准时到。
②Must we hand in our exercise books today?
我们必须今天交我们的练习吗?
Yes, you must.
是的。你们必须交。
No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.
不，你们不必今天交。
在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t(禁止，不准)，而用needn’t, don’t have to(不必)。
(2) must是说话人的主观看法， 而have to则强调客观需要。Must只有一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。例如：
①He play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.
他演奏的并不吸引我，我必须现在就想走。
②I had to work when I was your age.
当我是你这个年龄时我不得不工作。
(3) 表示肯定的推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)例如：
①He must be ill. He looks so pale.
他肯定是病了。他的脸色那么苍白。
②You must be hungry.Have something to eat.
你一定饿了，吃点东西吧。
四、情态动词时态用法
(一)情态动词+行为动词完成式
情态动词+行为动词完成式即“情态动词+ have + v-ed分词”，表示对过去行为或动作进行推测、评论，主要有以下几种形式：
1.、must have v-ed
must have v-ed 表示推测过去某事“一定”发生了。其否定形式为：can’t / couldn’t have v-ed, 表示过去不可能发生某事。例如：
①Since the ditch is full of water, it must have rained last night.
当小沟里都是满满的水，那昨晚一定是下雨了。
②He could not have passed the exam.
他不可能通过了考试。
2、could have v-ed
could have v-ed 表示推测过去某动作“很可能”发生了。例如：
篇9：情态动词用法
①The dictionary has disappeared. Who could have taken it?
这个字典不见了，谁可能拿走了?
②She could not have been more than six then.
那时她不可能超过六岁。
3、may / might have v-ed
may / might have v-ed 表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了.may 比 might 表示的可能性在说话人看来稍大些。例如：
①I can’t find my keys. I may / might have left them at the school yesterday.
我找不到我的钥匙了，也许我昨天把它们丢在学校了。
②She might have gone home.
她或许回家了。
4、ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn’t have v-ed
ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn’t have v-ed 用于对已发生的情况表示“责备”、“不满”，分别表示“本应该…”和“本不应该…”。例如：
①With all the work finished, I should have gone to the party last night.
当所有工作完成时，我昨晚本应该去参加派对的。
②He ought not to have kept us waiting so long.
他当时不应该让我们等那么久。
5、needn’t have v-ed
needn’t have v-ed 表示过去做了某事，但没有做的必要， 意为“本没必要…”。例如：
①You needn’t have waken me up I don’t have to go to work today.
你不必喊我起床了，我今天不上班。
②They need not send me a receipt.
他们不必寄给我收条。
(二)情态动词+行为动词进行式
情态动词+行为动词进行式(即情态动词+ be + v-ing形式)，表示推测或评论某动作现在是否正在进行。例如：
①He must be playing basketball.
他现在应该在打篮球。
②You should be reading a textbook.
此刻你应当在看课本。
(三)情态动词+行为动词完成进行式
情态动词+行为动词完成进行式(即情态动词+ have been + v-ing 形式)，表示推测或评论过去某动作是否正在进行或一直在进行。例如：
①They should have been meeting to discuss the problem.
他们应该一直在见面讨论这个问题。
②You must have been thinking of something.
你准是一直在想什么心事。
五、总结
本文举例说明了can和could、may和might以及must和have to等情态动词的概念、特点和用法，并且对其容易混淆的情态动词进行了比较和分析。文章还特别提到了情态动词的时态的用法。情态动词是英语语法中较为重要的语法点，是我们必须要了掌握的知识。
篇10：情态动词造句
1） 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
2） 情态动词 除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。
3） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
4） 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。
比较can 和be able to
1）can could 表示能力；可能 (过去时用could),
只用于现在式和过去式(could)。be able to可以用于各种时态。
They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。
2）只用be able to
a. 位于助动词后。
篇11：情态动词造句
c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。
d. 用于句首表示条件。
e. 表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/were able to， 不能用could。
He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.
= He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.
注意：could不表示时态
1）提出委婉的请求，（注意在回答中不可用could）。
--- Could I have the television on?
--- Yes, you can. / No, you can't.
2）在否定，疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。
He couldn't be a bad man.
他不大可能是坏人。
比较may和might
1） 表示允许或请求；表示没有把握的推测；may 放在句首，表示祝愿。
May God bless you!
He might be at home.
注意： might 表示推测时，不表示时态。只是可能性比may 小。
2） 成语： may/might as well，后面接不带to 的不定式，意为“不妨”。
If that is the case, we may as well try.
典型例题
Peter ___come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. must B. may C. can D. will
答案B. 表可能性只能用may. 此句意可从后半句推出。
比较have to和must
1) 两词都是'必须'的意思，have to 表示客观的需要， must 表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。
My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)
He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事）
2) have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。
He had to look after his sister yesterday.
3） 在否定结构中： don't have to 表示“不必”
mustn't 表示“禁止”，
You don't have to tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉他。
You mustn't tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他。
must表示推测
1) must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为“一定”。
2) must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时， must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。
You have worked hard all day.You must be tired. 你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。（对现在情况的推测判断）
He must be working in his office. 他一定在办公室工作呢。
比较：
He must be staying there.
他现在肯定呆在那里。
He must stay there.
他必须呆在那。
3) must 表示对已发生的`事情的推测时，must 要接完成式。
I didn't hear the phone. I must have been asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。
4) must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测，must 后面要接不定式的完成进行式。
---Why didn't you answer my phone call?
---Well, I must have been sleeping, so I didn't hear it.
5) 否定推测用can't。
If Tom didn't leave here until five o'clock, he can't be home yet. 如果汤姆五点才离开这儿，他此时一定还未到家。
表示推测的用法
can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推测，其用法如下：
1）情态动词+动词原形。
表示对现在或将来的情况的推测，此时动词通常为系动词。
I don't know where she is, she may be in Wuhan.
2）情态动词+动词现在进行时。
表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。
At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.
这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。
3）情态动词+动词完成时。
表示对过去情况的推测。
We would have finished this work by the end of next December.
明年十二月底前我们很可能已完成这项工作了。
The road is wet. It must have rained last night.
地是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。
4）情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时。
表示对过去正在发生事情的推测。
Your mother must have been looking for you.
你妈妈一定一直在找你。
5）推测的否定形式，疑问形式用can't, couldn't表示。
Mike can't have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.
迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。
注意：could, might表示推测时不表示时态，其推测的程度不如can, may。
情态动词+ have +过去分词
1) may(might) have + done sth, can (could) have + done sth 表示过去，推测过去时间里可能发生的事情。
Philip may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.
Philip can (could) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.
2) must have +done sth，对过去时间里可能发生的事情的推测，语气较强，具有“肯定”，“谅必”的意思。
---Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here.
---She must have gone by bus.
3) ought to have done sth, should have done sth
本应该做某事，而事实上并没有做。否定句表示“不该做某事而做了”。
You ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment.
He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.（事实上已扔了。）
ought to 在语气上比should 要强。
4) needn't have done sth 本没必要做某事
I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I needn't have done so. The weather was hot.
5) would like to have done sth 本打算做某事
I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then.
三十五个经典句型 帮你过写作关（英语四级）
一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)
~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)
例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.
海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。
Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.
张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。
二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V
Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V
例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education.
没有比接受教育更重要的事。
三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.
（再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。）
例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
四、There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否认的...）
例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.
不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ （全世界都知道...）
例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.
全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ （毫无疑问的...）
例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.
毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。
七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的优点是...）
例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won‘t create (produce) any pollution.
使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。
八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的原因是...）
例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.
The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.
我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子 （如此...以致于...）
例句：So precious is time that we can‘t afford to waste it.
时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。
十、Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V~~~ （虽然...）
例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.
{by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}
虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。
十一、The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~
The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~（愈...愈...）
例句：The harder you work, the more progress you make.
你愈努力，你愈进步。
The more books we read, the more learned we become.
我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。
十二、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~ （借着...，..能够..）
例句：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.
借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。
十三、~~~ enable + Object（受词）+ to + V （..使..能够..）
例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.
听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。
十四、On no account can we + V ~~~ （我们绝对不能...）
例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
十五、It is time + S + 过去式 （该是...的时候了）
例句：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.
该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
十六、Those who ~~~ （...的人...）
例句：Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.
违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。
十七、There is no one but ~~~ （没有人不...）
例句：There is no one but longs to go to college.
没有人不渴望上大学。
十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V （不得不...）
例句：Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.
既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。
十九、It is conceivable that + 句子 （可想而知的）
It is obvious that + 句子 （明显的）
It is apparent that + 句子 （显然的）
例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.
可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
二十、That is the reason why ~~~ （那就是...的原因）
例句：Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don‘t like it.
夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。
二十一、For the past + 时间，S + 现在完成式...（过去...年来，...一直...）
例句：For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.
过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。
二十二、Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式。
例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.
自从他上高中，他一直很用功。
二十三、It pays to + V ~~~ （...是值得的。）
例句：It pays to help others.
帮助别人是值得的。
二十四、be based on （以...为基础）
例句：The progress of thee society is based on harmony.
社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
二十五、Spare no effort to + V （不遗余力的）
We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
二十六、bring home to + 人 + 事 （让...明白...事）
例句：We should bring home to people the value of working hard.
我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。
二十七、be closely related to ~~ （与...息息相关）
例句：Taking exercise is closely related to health.
做运动与健康息息相关。
二十八、Get into the habit of + Ving
= make it a rule to + V （养成...的习惯）
We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.
我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~ （因为...）
例句：Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.
因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。
三十、What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么...！）
例句：What an important thing it is to keep our promise!
How important a thing it is to keep our promise!
遵守诺言是多么重要的事！
三十一、Leave much to be desired （令人不满意）
例句：The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.
我们的交通状况令人不满意。
三十二、Have a great influence on ~~~ （对...有很大的影响）
例句：Smoking has a great influence on our health.
抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
三十三、do good to （对...有益），do harm to （对...有害）
例句：Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。
Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。
三十四、Pose a great threat to ~~ （对...造成一大威胁）
例句：Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.
污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。
三十五、do one‘s utmost to + V = do one‘s best （尽全力去...）
例句：We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.
我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。
篇12：语法教案：情态动词和虚拟语气
分类说明
一. 情态动词虽然不能单独充当句子的谓语，但可以表示出主语的情感、意志、能力或决心等感情，有确定的意义。对于情态动词，一方面要弄清楚本身的意思；另一方面要弄清楚情态动词之间的区别，并且还须根据上下文的意思来确定情态动词的应用。
1．表能力：can一般表示本身所具有的能力；be able to一般表示通过学习、训练而获得的一种能力。
2．表可能：can表示一种可能性．be able to表示一种结果。can表示事实上的可能，may表示理论上的可能。
3．表请求：can为非正式用语，一般用于否定和疑问句；may为正式用语，一般用于肯定和疑问句。因此，当用may提问时，它的否定回答应该是：N。．…can’t／mustn’t to
4．表推测：can一般用于否定和疑问句中，may一般用于肯定和否定句中；can’t的意思是“不可能”，而may not的意思是“可能不”；should一般表示根据事物的发展规律、人的品行特点或所约定的时间作出的推测；will表根据人或事物一般所表现出来的情况而进行的推测；must表示根据事实或现象对事物或人所作的肯定推测，不用于否定或疑问句。
5．表意志：will一般表示主语的意志；shall一般表示征求听话人的意志；must一般表示主观意志，有时用来表示主语做与说话人意愿相反的事情，意思是“偏偏，偏要”have to表示客观要求，意思是“不得不，除此之外没有别的办法”。用must提问时的否定回答须用can’t／needn’t；mustn’t与don’t have to的意思大不相同，前者表示“禁止”，意思是：一定不能；后者表示“没有必要”，意思是“不必”，相当于。eed。，t o
6．表义务：should一般表示主观的想法或建议；ought to一般表示客观道义上的要求。
7．表过去情况：should／ought to have done表示过去该做的事情而没有做，含有对对方的责备；could／might have done表示过去做某事的一种可能，不含责备；used to表过去常做某事，而现在已经不做了；would表示过去经常做某事，至于现在还做否，不于考虑。
8. 表需要：除动词的时态、语态之外，动词的语气也是英语中重要内容之一。动词何种语气，即：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。
二. 虚拟语气用来表示与客观事实相反或实现的可能性很小的一种假设。其形式有：
1．非真实条件
(I)与将来事实不符：If+主语+should+动词原形／+动词过去式(be用were)，主语+would+动词原形
(2)与现在事实不符：If+主语+动词过去式(be用were)，主语+would+动词原形
(3)与过去事实不符：If+主语+had done，主语+would +have done
注意：A．当从句的谓语中含有should，were，had时，可将If省略，同时，将should，were，had提到句首；B．有时的情况是混合条件，即：从句跟主句的时态不一致或虚拟与
真实情况相混合；C．条件或主句的省略
2．特殊的虚拟句型
(1)advise，suggest，insist，ask，demand，request，order等动词的宾语从句，由这些词转化而成的名词所带的同位语从句及它们的表语从句一般用虚拟语气，即：(should)
(not)do。
但当suggest的意思是“暗示，表明”，insist的意思是“坚持说”时，它们的宾语从句不能用虚拟语气。
(2)wish，would rather的宾语从句及if only所引导的从句，须用虚拟语气，即：从句用过去时(be用were)表示与现在或将来的事实不符；从句用过去完成时，表示与过去事实不符。
(3)without，but for等介词短语作状语时，句子一般用虚拟语气，即：主语+would have done。
(4)for fear that，lest等引导的状语从句，一般用虚拟语气，即：would do／have done。
(5)It is(high)time that+从句。从句一般用虚拟语气，即：主语+过去时或should+动词原形。
(6)表示祝愿时，一般用虚拟语气，即：倒装结构May you do sth．!／Long live．．．!／Happy birthday(New Year)!／Many happy returns of the day!
回放真题
真题1(甘肃、青海卷22)
--Tom graduated from college at a very young age．
--Oh，he ________have been a very smart boy then．
A．could B．should C．might D．must
【答案及解析】D must表示肯定推测，意思是：Tom肯定很聪明。
真题2(2004重庆卷24)
“The interest ________be divided into five parts，according to the agreement made by both sides，”declared the judge．
A．may B．should C．must D．shall
【答案及解析】 D 由declared the judge可知，前面的话是法官的判词，必须强制执行。shall用于第二、第三人称时，表义务、强制，而其它三个选项无此义。
真题3(2004重庆卷29)
There are eight tips in Dr Roger’s lecture on-sleep，and one of them is：________to bed early unless you think it is necessary．
A．doesn’t go B．not to go C．not going D．don’t go
【答案及解析】D由tips和冒号可知，后面是个祈使句，表建议。故正确答案为D。
真题4(2004福建卷32)
--I’11 tell Mary about her new job tomorrow．
--You ________her last week．
A．ought to tell B．would have told C．must tell D．should have told
【答案及解析】D根据后一句的时间状语，可排除选项A、C；而选项B表示与过去事实不相符的假设；D表示对该做的事情而没有做的一种责备。根据句意，答案选D，暗含对“你”的责备。
真题5(2004湖北卷26)
--Excuse me．Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?
--Sorry，I am not sure．But it ________be．
A．might B．will C．must D．can
【答案及解析】A表示可能性时，选项A表示把握很少的可能；B表示根据平常情况的推测；C表示有很大把握的推测；D表示理论上的可能。根据I am not sure，答案选A。
真题6(2004浙江卷26)
I ________pay Tracy a visit，but I am not sure, whether I will have time this Sunday．
A．should B．might C．would D．could
【答案及解析】 A选项A表示在某种意义上应该干……；B表示过去的一种可能性；C表示与客观事实不相符的情况；D表示过去的一种可能性。根据句子及选项的意思，答案选A，表示应该去拜访Tracy。
真题7(2004江苏卷22)
--I don’t mind telling you what I know．
--You ________．I’m not asking you for it．
A．mustn’t B．may not C．can’t D．needn’t
【答案及解析】D mustn’t(不可以)，may not(可能不)，can’t(不可能，不可)都不合题意。从下文I’m not asking you for it可知，选项D(没有必要)为正确答案。意思是：你没有必要告诉我。
真题8(2004广西卷21)
I often see lights in that empty house．Do you think I ______report it to the police?
A．should B．may C．will D．can
【答案及解析】 A should意为“应该”，may、can表许可或可能，will表意愿。由Do you think．．．可知说话者在征求别人的意见，即他是否应该把那事报告给警察。很明显，B、C、D都不合题意。
真题9(2004广西卷27)
Mr. White ________at 8：30 for the meeting，but he didn’t show up．
A．should have arrived B．should arrive
C．should have had arrived D．should be arriving
【答案及解析】 A should have done表过去该做的事没做。should do表现在或将来应该怎么样。从didn’t可知此题指的是过去，故答案选A。
真题10(全国[河南、河北、山东、福建]29)
--Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?
--No，it ________be him--I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses．
A．can’t B．must not C．won’t D．may not
【答案及解析】 A根据语境：--难道那个不是Ann的丈夫吗?--不可能的--我确定他不戴眼镜的。后者否定前者说的话，故选A。B表示禁止；c表示不愿或不会；D表示可能不。
真题11(2004四川卷29)
You ________be tired--you’ve only been working for an hour．
A．must not B．won’t C．can’t D．may not
【答案及解析】C can’t意思是“不可能”，表推测；A不准、禁止；B不愿意；D可能不。
真题12(2004上海卷28)
Children under 12 years of age in that country ________be under adult supervision when in a public library．
A．must B．may C．can D．need
【答案及解析】A must意为“必须，一定”，表示一种要求；may意为“可以，可能”，表示允许或可能性；can意为“可以，可能，能够”，表示允许、能力或可能性；need意为“需要”，表示自身的不足。本题大意为：12岁以下的孩子在公共图书馆要有父母的监管。这是一种要求，因此正确答案选A。
真题13(2004天津卷31) ’
--Who is the girl standing over there?
--Well，if you ________know，her name is Mabel．
A．may B．can C．must D．shall
【答案及解析】c选项A表示允许，意思是：可以；B表示一种能力，意思是：能够；C表示一种主张，意思是：一定要，坚持要；D表示说话者的意图、命令或决心，意思是：必须、一定。根据语境，显然指对方的主张，意思是：如果你一定要知道的话，她名叫Mabel。故答案选C。
真题14(2004湖南卷28)
--Excuse me，but 1 want to use your computer to type a report．
--You ________have my computer if you don’t take care of it．
A．shan’t B．might not C．needn’t D．shouldn’t
【答案及解析】 A考查情态动词的意思和用法。选项B表示可能性；C表示没有必要；D表示责备；只有A表示允诺或禁止的意思，故答案选A。
真题15(2004上海春季卷29)
You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ________not like the design of the furniture．
A．must B．shall C．may D．need
【答案及解析】C must与not连用时表禁止，意为“不可以”，如表推测则不能用于否定句；shall表强制，与not连用意为“不可以”；may not表推测时，可用于否定句，意为“可能不”；need not意为“没有必要”。根据句子意思，本题答案应为C，意思为“你最好告诉那个制造商，男性顾客可能不喜欢那种款式的家具”。
真题16(全国卷28)
A left-luggage office is a place where bags ________be left for a short time，especially at a railway station．
A．should B．can C．must D．will
【答案及解析】 B can“能够”，用于肯定句中表示可能性。此句中指人可以把包裹存放在行李存放处。should“应当”；must“必须”，表义务和责任；will表示愿意。
真题17(2003上海卷29)
How ________you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?
A．can B．must C．need D．may
【答案及解析】A can“可能；能够”，用于疑问句和否定句表示惊异，不相信等。译文：如果你只看了文章的一部分，怎么可以说你了解了整个故事呢?答案为A。
真题18(2003北京春季卷21)
--The room is SO dirty．________we clean it?
--0f course．
A．Will B．Shall C．Would D．Do
【答案及解析】B shall用于广般疑问句中，主语常用第一、第三人称，表示征求对方意见或请求允许；而will和would在疑问句中，主语常用第二人称。译文：--房间如此脏乱。我们打扫一下好吗?--当然可以。
真题19(2003安徽春季卷27)
Naturally，after I told her what to do，my daughter ________go and do the opposite!
A．may B．can C．must D．should
【答案及解析】C 从句意及opposite可看出，本句的意思是在述说女儿天生叛逆的性格。Naturally意思是“生来就是这样”，must表示与说话人的愿望相反，意思是“偏偏，偏要”，因此整个句子的意思是“我女儿生来就如此，我叫她做这件事，她偏要做相反的事”。
真题20(2003上海春季卷24)
My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared．Who ________have taken it?
A．should B．must C．could D．would
【答案及解析】C could have done表示对过去情况的推断，可能是……；should have done表示本来应该做而没有做；must have done表示过去一定那样做了，对过去情况的断定；would have done常用来表示虚拟语气。
真题21(2003上海春季卷40)
Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ________your advice．
A．followed B．would follow C. had followed D．should follow
【答案及解析】 c虚拟语气用if only引导。if only“要是……就好了”。从句中用了虚拟语气。意为“如果听了你的劝告，我就不会有那么多麻烦”。
真题22(全国卷25)
--Is John coming by train?
--He should，but he ________not. He likes driving his car．
A．must B．can C．need D．may
【答案及解析】D come，go，leave，start等趋向动词的进行时表示将来，所以答语是对这一将来动作作出的推断。may not“可能不；不一定”，根据H。likes driving his car可以看出John可能乘火车来，也可能自己开车来。may not正好符合这一语境。must not“不准”；cannot“不可能”；need not“不必”。
真题23(2002北京卷31) 、
--I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter．
--It ________true because there was little snow there．
A．may not be． B．won’t be C．couldn’t be D．mustn’t be
【答案及解析】C couldn’t+动词原形，表示对过去情况的否定推测。There was little snow说明对方所说的去山里滑雪这件事不可能是真的。另外，may not be表示对现在情况的否定推测。
真题24(2002上海卷27)
It has been announced that candidates ________remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected．
A. can B．will C．may D．shall
【答案及解析】D shall用于陈述句的第二、第三人称时，表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等，意思是“必须，应，可”。译文：据宣布，考生在收卷前必须坐在自己的座位上。
真题25(2002上海卷37)
It is hard for me to imagine what 1 would be doing today if I ________in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown．
A．wouldn’t have fallen B．had not fallen
C．should fall D．were to fall
【答案及解析】 B根据句意和1 would be doing可以判断这是虚拟语气。at the age of seven是表示过去的时间状语，if从句中的谓语要用had not fallen,表示对过去情况的假设。由于主句中的谓语表示对现在的虚拟，条件句中的谓语表示对过去情况的虚拟，增加了试题的难度，但是，使用排除法可以容易地做出该题：should fall和were to fall都可以用于条件句中表示对将来的虚拟；wouldn’t have fallen不用于条件句中，所以都不能作为答案。译文：如果我不在七岁时就迷恋上了我们家乡的Melinda Cox图书馆，我真不能想象我今天会做什么。
真题26(2002京：蒙、皖春季卷29)
--I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins．________I have a look?
--Yes，certainly．
A．D0 B．May C．Shall D．Should
【答案及解析】B may表示征求对方的同意。May I have a look? “我可以看看吗?”shall用于询问或请对方作决定的建议中，表示“让某人做……”。Shall I have a look? =Do you want me to have a look?
真题27(2002上海春季卷28)
Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach．I _____so much fried chicken just now．
A. shouldn’t eat B. mustn’t have eaten
C. shouldn’t have eaten D. mustn’t eat
【答案及解析】C．just now是表示过去的时间状语。情态动词在表示过去发生的事时，必须用“情态动词+have+过去分词”的形式，所以只能在选项B和C中选择。B选项是错误的，没有这种表示方法。译文：噢，我觉得胃不舒服。我刚才不应该吃那么多炸鸡。
真题28(全国卷33)
I was really anxious about you. You ________ home without a word.
A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left
C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave
【答案及解析】B 表示原本不应该做某事，含责备之意。
真题29(2001上海卷31)
You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman ________be so rude to a lady.
A. might B. need C. should D. would
【答案及解析】C should 表示“应该”。
真题30（2001上海卷40）
What would have happened ________, a far as the river bank?
A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther
C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther
【答案及解析】C 主句的谓语动词用了would have happened,所以从句的谓语动词要用过去完成时。在虚拟语气中，如果条件状语从句中的if省略，该句要倒装。译文：如果鲍勃走远一点，走到河边，会发生什么事呢？
真题31(2001上海春季卷27)
Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How ________it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?
A. can B. should C. may D. must
【答案及解析】A can表示可能性的推测，常用于否定句和疑问句中；may表示可能性时常用于肯定句中或否定句中；must 常用于肯定句中表推测。注意：can not表示“不可能”，而may not表示“或许不…, 可能步… ”译文：布什先生按时做好一切事。他来参如开幕式迟到了可能会是什么样的情景呢?答案为A。
真题32(2001上海春季卷40)
He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _______a goal.
A. had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored
【答案及解析】D 根据otherwise可以判断出要用虚拟语气。表示过去发生的事要用would have scored。译文：在踢球前他犹豫了一会儿，否则他就会射中球门。
真题33(全国卷15)
--Are you coming to Jeff’s party?
--I’m not sure．I ________go to the concert instead．
A．must B．would C．should D．might
【答案及解析】D might后接动词原形的意思是“可能做某事”。因为对方回答说：“I’m not sure．”表明他可能会去看音乐会，但没有十分的把握。答案选D。
真题34(2000上海卷23)
My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon，so he ________your lecture．
A．couldn’t have attended B．needn’t have attended
C．mustn’t have attended D．shouldn’t have attended
【答案及解析】A must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，多用于肯定句中；needn’t have done表示过去本不必做某事；shouldn’t have done表示过去做了不该做的事情；can’t(couldn’t)have done表示对过去的否定性推测，意为“不可能”。所提供的情境My sister met him at the Grand Theatre表示他不可能参加讲座。答案为A。
真题35(2000京、皖春季卷20)
Sorry I’m late．I ________have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again．
A．might B．should C．can D．will
【答案及解析】 A might have done sth．的意思是“(过去)可能做某事”，表推测；should have done sth．的意思是“本来应该做某事”，表责备。从句子的意思可知，可能当时把闹钟关上了，而不是本来应该把闹钟关上。答案为A。
篇13：初中情态动词教案内容
情态动词
(一)情态动词的定义
情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。
(二)情态动词的特点
1. 情态动词有一定的词义。
2. 情态动词不能单独做谓语，它必须和其他动词的原形一起构成谓语。
3. 情态动词没有人称，数的变化。
(三)情态动词的结构和意义
1.情态动词的基本句型
肯定句： 主语+情态动词+动词原形+......
否定句： 主语+情态动词+not+动词原形+......
疑问句： 情态动词+主语+动词原形+......
2. 情态动词的意义
must“必须” ; can/could“能，会” ; may/might “可以”; should“应该”; would“愿，要” ; have to“不得不” ; need“需要”
(四)情态动词的基本用法
1.can (could主要指过去时间 )
1) 表示人或物本身所具有的能力，意为“能，能够，会” :
Two eyes can see more than one. 两只眼比一只眼看得清。
2) 表示可能(理论上或是逻辑判断上) He can’t (couldn’t) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。
3) 表示允许：
篇14：初中情态动词教案内容
1 情态动词的语法特征
1) 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
2) 情态动词 除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的`不定式。
3) 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
4) 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。
2 比较can 和be able to
1)can could 表示能力;可能 (过去时用could),
只用于现在式和过去式(could)。be able to可以用于各种时态。
They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。
2)只用be able to
a. 位于助动词后。
b. 情态动词后。
c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。
d. 用于句首表示条件。
e. 表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/were able to， 不能用could。
He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.
= He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.
注意：could不表示时态
1)提出委婉的请求，(注意在回答中不可用could)。
--- Could I have the television on?
--- Yes, you can. / No, you can't.
初中英语语法大全：情态动词【3】
I. 情态动词基本用法：
在英语中主要的情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, need , ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) .
1.情态动词的特征
(1)情态动词本身有词义，但词义不完成，因此不能单独作谓语，只能和其他的动词原形一起构成谓语。
(2)情态动词后接的动词不定式一律不带to。
(3)情态支词不随人称变化而变(即不管是何人称，后面接的情态动词都一样)。
(4)含有情态动词的否定都是由“情态动词+not”构成的，如：can-can not may-may not need-need not
(5)含有情态动词的疑问句的构成
May I come in?我可以进来吗? Can you lend me some money?你能借给我一些钱吗?
注意：含有have to 的句子变成疑问句时不同。如：
I have to go today,今天我必须走，
Do you have to go today?你今天必须走吗?
2.情态动词的用法
(1)Can的用法
①表示体力或脑力方面的“能力”
Can you drive?你会开车吗?
Can you speak English?你会说英语吗?
Can you lift heavy box?你能将这个重箱子拎起来吗?
②表示客观条件允许
You can skate on the lake.(The ice is thick enough.)
你可以在湖面上滑冰了(冰层够厚的了)
The airplane can take off now.(The storm has stopped.)
飞机可以起飞了(暴风雨停了)
You can’t park your car here. 你不能在此停车
③can用在否定句和疑问句中时，有时表示说话人的怀疑，惊异、猜测或不肯定：
no, no, it can’t be true.不，不，这不可能是事实
How can you be so careless!你怎么会这么粗心
He can’t be in the library。他现在不会在图书馆
注意：a,在口语中can常可用来代替may,来询问或说明一件事能不能做
b, can 和 be able to在表示能力这一点是同义词，
I can speak English.=I am able to speak English.
Could是 can的过去式，可以用来
①表示过去的能力或“可能性”
I could run very fast when I was young. 我年轻时跑得很快
I couldn’t understand what he said at all. 我一点也听不懂他说的话
②表示惊异、怀疑
How could you be so careless? 你怎么会这样粗心
We thought the story could not be true. 我们当时以为那个故事不会是真的。
③可以代替can用于现在的动作，但语气较为婉转，如：
Could I use your bike?
我可以用一下你的自行车吗?
You could do it this way.
你可以把这个男孩带去
(2)may的用法
①用来询问或表示允(在此用法中may和第一人称连用时都以疑问句形式出现)
May I ask you a question?我可以问你一个问题吗?
You may take the boy there.你可以把这个男孩带去。
He may come if he likes.如果他想来，可以来
They may stay in our house.他们可以在我家歇息。
②表示说话人的猜测，认为某一事情“或许”或“可能”发生
We may call on you this evening
我们也许今天晚上会来看你(们)
She may not like this place
她可能不喜欢这个地方
Might 是 may的过去形式，表示询问或允许或可能、推测等。如：
Might I give you a piece of advice?
我可否给你提个建议(Might 比 may更客气)
He told me he might come.
他说他可能来(Might与told相呼应都是过去式)
I was afraid he might not like this place.
我当时担心他可能不喜欢这个地主(Might 与was相呼应，都是表示过去。【注意】：A。有时Might也可用来表示现在的事情，只是语气较may更弱一些，可能性更小一些，如：
He might know her address. 他也许知道她的地址。
Be careful, you might break it. 小心点，要不你可能会将它打碎
B.May(might)后加动词不定式的完成式可以表示对过去的推测、认为某事在过去“可能”发生，这一用法中may和might都指过去，不过might较may更含蓄或更不肯定。如：
He may (might) have watched TV the whole night.(For he looks very sleep)
他可能看了一夜电视(因为他看上去非常困倦)
They might ( may) not have caught the train.他们可能没赶紧上车。
(3)must的用法
①表示“必须”或“应当”。如：
We must rely on ourselves.
我们必须依靠自己
You must finish the work before four o’clock.
你必须在四点前干完这项工作
【注意】：A，在回答用must引的的疑问句时，否定结构只能用needn’t如：
Must I do this? No, you needn’t Yes, you must.
B，在表示“必须”这个意思时，must的意思和have to是很接近的，只是have to 比较强调客观需要，而must侧重说明主观看法，在下面情况下两都就不宜换用：
It’s raining heavily, we can’t go now. I think we’ll have to wait till the rain stops.
雨下得太大了，我们现在无法走，我想我们只能等雨停了再走
We must ask for permission if we do it.
如果我们要干，一定要先征得同意。
②must只有现在式而无其他时态变化，通常也只用来表示现在，但有时出可以用must表示过去(多用在间接引语中)，如：
He told me I must do according to what he said. 他对我说，我必须按他说的做。
③must也可表示推测，但比may肯定得多，可译成“一定”或“准是”，如：
He must be in the library.他现在准在图书馆
It must be four in the morning now.现在一定是到了清晨四点钟了
(4)have to的用法
后接动词原开，表示“不得不、必须”的意思，它比must更含有“客观条件使得必须如此做”的意思。并有较多的时态，如：
We have to get up early.
我们不得不早起
We will have to get up early tomorrow. 我们明天必须早起
We had to get up early at that time. 我们那时不得不早起
【注意】：在口语中常用have got to 来取代have to，如：
I’ve got to stay here.我不得不留在这里
(5)ought to 的用法
①表示“有义务或有必要”作某事
You ought to finish your work before you go home.
你每天回家前应把工作做完
You ought not to be so careless. 你不应当这样粗心
②表示非常可能的事
His father ought to know his address.
他你亲总该知道他的地址吧
If we start work right now, we ought to finish it before lunch.
如果我们现在开始干，午饭前应当能干完
③ought to 后接动词不定时的完成时，如用肯定结构，表示过去某事该做而未做，如用否定结构，则表示过去不该做的事情发生了。
You ought to have been more careful.
你应当更仔细些才是(但事实是当时没有仔细行事)
You ought not to have interrupted them.
你当时不应当打断他们(的谈话)，(但当时的事实是打断了别人的谈话。)
【注意】：此用法相当于”should (not) have done”结构
篇15：系动词复习教案
系动词复习教案
系动词复习教案 高考考点： 1. 系动词后常用形容词、名词、数词、副词、介词短语等作表语 2．系动词用主动语态 复习方法：讲练结合 所需课时：一课时 内容讲解： 1概念： 系动词亦称连系动词（Link Verb），作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语）（形容词），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 说明： 有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语，例如： He feel ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。（feel是系动词，后跟补足语，说明主语情况。） 2种类： 1）状态系动词 用来表示主语性质或状态，只有be一词，例如： He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。（表示主语的身份－－性质） He is ill. 他病了。（表示主语的状态） 2）持续系动词 用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如： He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。 This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。 3）表像系动词 用来表示看起来像这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如： He looks tired. 他看起来很累。 He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。 4）感官系动词 感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如： This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。 This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。 5）变化系动词 这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 例如： He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。 She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。 6）终止系动词 表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达证实，变成之意，例如： The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。 The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。 His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。（turn out表终止性结果） 注意事项： 系动词本身有一定的词义，不能单独作谓语，后面必须与表语连用。复习系动词时，必须注意以下几个问题： 1. be是最重要的系动词，主语不同，be的形式也不同，且有时态的变化。 通常表示主语的特征、状态和身份等，后面接形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、不定式、v-ing、过去分词及表语从句作表语。 特别要注意“由be+过去分词”所构成的系表结构与“由be+过去分词”所构成的被动语态的区别。 前者侧重于表示主语的特征或所处的状态，通常没有由by引导的介词短语。 如：The door was closed. 后者侧重于强调主语是谓语动词所示动作的承受者，表示动作；句中可以用由by引导的介词短语。如：The door was closed by me. 还要注意“由be+ V-ing所构成的系表结构与“由be+ V-ing”所构成的进行时态的区别。 前者侧重于说明主语具有的特征或存在的状态，也可说明主语是什么。如：My job is teaching English. 后者侧重于强调主语正在做某事。如：Mr Wang is reading an evening paper now. 2. 要注意由行为动词转化成的系动词。 表示人体感官的系动词有sound，taste，look，feel，smell等，后面接形容词； 表示主语从一种状态转变到另一种状态的系动词有become，get，go，turn，run，grow，名词前要用不定冠词，turn后面接单数名词时，名词前不用不定冠词； 表示主语继续或保持某种身份、特征或状态的系动词有continue，keep，remain，stay，stand lie，rest，stay等，后面接表示状态的形容词； 表示判断的系动词有seem和appear，后面接形容词、to be+名词或形容词、that-clause、不定式等。 3. 要注意系动词的固定搭配。常见的有come true, fall asleep, fall ill, go bad, come right, run wild, wear thin, turn nasty等。 4. 要特别注意某些动词既可以做系动词，又可以做实意动词的用法。 系动词部分主要注意：其后要求接形容词，而不是副词做表语。遇到这种情况，只能先根据其意思判断清楚到底是前者还是后者，然后再对后面的词性和词义做出正确判断和选择。以taste一词为例： The newly-invented soft drinking tastes quite unique.（这种新研制的软饮料尝起来挺独特的。注意：在这句话里，taste做系动词，不能使用进行时，后面接形容词。） The chef is tasting the fish carefully.（厨师长正在品尝这道鱼。注意：在这句话中，taste做实意动词，可以使用进行时，并且后面接副词做状语。） 配套训练题（学生自习完成） 1. ―What is Mr Wang like? ―____. A. He is a teacher B. He is old and kind C. He looks like a balloon D. He likes English 2. What Mr White said sounds____. A. friendly B. wonderfully C. pleasantly D. nicely 3. The poor boy ____ blind at the age of three. A. turned B. goes C. became D. went 4. When he was a child he____ . A. grew patience B. was alive C. ran wild D. came true 5. His voice____ as if he has a cold. A. sounds B. listens C. hears D. seems 6. This shirt___ as if it is made of cotton. A. is B. looks C. feels D. seems 7. He looks ___ he hadn’t had a good meal for a month A. that B. as if C. when D. so far 8. It ____that he was late for the train. A. looks B. turns C. gets D. seems 9. These apples taste_____. A. to he good B. to be well C. well D. good 10. ―Do you like the shirt? ―Yes, it ____ very soft. A. feels B. felt C. is feeling D. is felt 11. The moment Mr Zhang went to bed, he____ asleep A. kept B. got C. fell D. fall 12. When I went home yesterday, it was ____ dark. A. going B. getting C. running D. coming 13. Their plan ____ to be a perfect one. A. proved B. was proved C. is proving D. proving 14. The flowers in the garden ____ sweet. A. sound B. taste C. become D. smell 15. She____ like her mother in character. A. looks B. seems C. is D. feels 16. It____ another fine day tomorrow. A. seems B. promises C. appears D. looks 17. He ____ much younger than he really is. A. appears B. grows C. becomes D. turns 18. You____ very pale. Do you feel sick? A. looked B. are looking C. looking D. are looked 19. His wish to become a driver has ____true. A. turned B. realized C. come D. grown 20. Her father ____a writer. A. turned B. grew C. has turned D. has become 答案与分析 1. B What’s...like?是询问人或事物的性质特征情况的交际用语，答语中常含有说明性质特征情况的`形容词。 2. A sound表示“听起来”，后面接形容词作表语，答案B、C、D均为副词。 3. D若人或事物的情况变化是永久性的或难以扭转的坏变化时，用系动词go表示。 4. C run wild是固定搭配，表示“放荡不羁”。 5. A sound表示“听起来”，后面接as if 引导的表语从句，表示对主语所表示的特征、状态或性质作出的反应及判断。 6. C feel作系动词用时，表示“(东西)摸上去令人有某种感觉”。 7. B as if引导表语从句时，从句谓语动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，从句谓语用过去完成式。 8. D “ It seems that…” 表示“看起来……”。是固定句型，强调根据一定的事实所得出的一种接近于实际情况的判断。 9. D taste表示“尝起来”时，是系动词，后面接形容词作表语。 10. A feel表示“(某物)摸上去(令人)有某种感觉”时，是系动词，用于一般现在时。 11. C fall asleep表示“入睡”，是固定搭配，根据题意，应用过去时。 12. B get表示“逐渐……起来”、“开始……起来”时，是系动词，多用于进行时。 13. A prove表示“证明是”时，是系动词。 14. D smell表示“有……的气味”、“散发气味”时，是系动词，后面接形容词。 15. C belike表示“看起来像”时，既可指外貌，又可指品质和特征，侧重于特征。 16. B promise表示“有……的可能”、“给人以……的指望”时，是系动词，后面接名词作表语。 17. A appear表示“看起来”时，是系动词。侧重于在外表给人某种印象，常为“假象”。 18. B look表示“显得”、“看起来”时，是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，用进行时态，常带有感情色彩。 19. C come true是固定搭配，表示“实现”，其中come是系动词，表示“成为”、“变得”。 20. D become表示“变成”，作系动词用，在后面作表语的名词前要加a或an。turn后跟可数名词单数要去掉a(n)。篇16：情态动词的用法
情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化;不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。
一、can, could
1) 表示请求和允许。
-----Can I go now?
----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。
---- Could I come to see you tomorrow?
---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )
2) 表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。
Can you lift this heavy box?(体力)
Mary can speak three languages.(知识)
Can you skate?(技能)
此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式;而be able to则有更多的时态。
I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.
当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用Can。如：
He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.
3) 表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。
They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.
This hall can hold 500 people at least.
4) 表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度)，用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
Can this be true?
This can’t be done by him.
How can this be true?
二、may, might
1) 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。
----Might/ May I smoke in this room?
---- No, you mustn’t.
---- May/Might I take this book out of the room?
---- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t. )
用May I...?征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I...?在口语中更常见。
2)用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
May you succeed!
3) 表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句)。
might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。
1.He may /might be very busy now.
2.Your mother may /might not know the truth.
三、must, have to
1) 表示必须、必要。
You must come in time.
在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t(禁止，不准)，而用needn’t, don’t have to(不必).
---- Must we hand in our exercise books today?
---- Yes, you must.
---- No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.
2) must是说话人的主观看法， 而have to则强调客观需要。Must只有一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。
1. he play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.
2. I had to work when I was your age.
3) 表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)
1. You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.
2. Your mother must be waiting for you now.
四、dare, need
1) dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。
1. How dare you say I’m unfair?
2. He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?
3. If we dared not go there that day， we couldn’t get the beautiful flowers.
2) need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。
1.You needn’t come so early.
2. ---- Need I finish the work today?
---- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.
3) dare和 need作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。
1. I dare to swim across this river.
2. He doesn’t dare (to) answer.
3. He needs to finish his homework today.
篇17：情态动词专练
试题预览
关于情态动词,覆盖面宽，有很强的利用价值，适合高一学生做．
情态动词专练
一、基础练习
1.He ___ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn't be enjoying himself by the seaside.
A. should B. must C. wouldn't D. can't
2. I _____ have been more than six years old when the accident happened.
A. shouldn'tB. couldn't C. mustn't D. needn't
3. This cake is very sweet. You ____ a lot of sugar in it.
A. should putB. could have putC. might put D. must have put
4. He paid for a seat, when he ____ have entered free.
A. could B. would C. must D. need
5. I was on the highway when his car went past followed by a police car. They ____ at least 150 kilometers an hour.
A. should have been doing B. must have been doing C. could have done D. would have done
6. - Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today?
-- Something __________ to him.
A. must happen B. should have happened C. could have happened D. must have happened
7. - Do you know where David is? I couldn't find him anywhere.
-- Well. He _______ have gone far-his coat is still here.
A. shouldn't B. mustn't C. can'tD. wouldn't
8. -Lucy doesn't mind lending you her dictionary.
-- She __________. I've already borrowed one.
A. can't B. mustn'tC. needn't D. shouldn't
9. --- Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
--- Thanks. You _____ it. I could manage it myself.
A. needn't do B. needn't have done C. mustn't doD. shouldn't have done
10. There________ be any difficulty in passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school. A. mustn't B. shan't C. shouldn't D. needn't
11. ---- The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
----Oh, dear! She ________ a lot of difficulties!
A. may go though B. might go through
C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone though
12. ----I've taken someone else's green sweater by mistake.
----It ______ Harry's. He always wears green.
A. has to be B. will be C. mustn't be D. could be
13. Helen _______ go on the trip with us, but she isn't quite sure yet.
A. shall B. must C. may D. can
14. If I ________ plan to do anything I wanted to, I'd like to go to Tibet and travel
through as much of it as possible.
A. would B. could C have to D. ought to
15. You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers_____ not like the design of the furniture.
A. must B. shall C. may D. need
16. ----Who is the girl standing over there?
---- Well, if you ______ know, her name is Mabel.
A. mayB. can C. must D. shall
17. Children under 12 years of age in that country______ be under adult supervision
when in a public library.
A. mustB. may C. can D. need
18. “The interest ______ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made
by both sides,” declared the judge.
A. mayB. should C. must D. shall
19. ---- I'll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
----You _______ her last week.
A. ought to tell B. would have told
C. must tell D. should have told
20. I ______ pay Tom a visit, but I'm not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.
A. should B. might C. would D. could
21. ----I don't mind telling you what I know.
----You ________. I'm not asking you for it.
A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn't
22. ----Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
----You________ have my computer if you don't take care of it.
A. shan't B. might not C. needn't D. shouldn't
23. ----Excuse me. Is that the right way to the Summer Palace?
----Sorry, I'm not sure, but it ______ be.
A. might B. will C. must D. can
24. ----Mum, I've been studying English since 8 o'clock. ________ I go out and play
with Tom for a while?
----No, I'm afraid not. Besides, it's raining outside now.
A. can'tB. wouldn't C. may not &
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