三孔导游词优秀

以下是小编为大家整理的三孔导游词优秀，本文共18篇，欢迎阅读与收藏。

篇1：三孔导游词优秀

不知道您读没读过《论语》，那上面开篇有一句话叫“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎”。那么我就以孔子的这句名言，热烈地欢迎您来孔子的故乡山东曲阜参观游览。下面，就由我陪同各位游览并进行导游服务，非常感谢您的合作，并衷心地希望您对我的工作多提出批评意见。

在来山东曲阜之前,许多朋友可能已对山东曲阜和孔子有了不少的了解,但也有的朋友知道的并不十分详细,现在,我就在进入景点之前,先把山东曲阜和孔子的情况简要介绍一下。

山东曲阜位于中国山东省西南部，现有人中62万其中城区人口10万，面积约890平方公里。“山东曲阜”二字始见于《尔雅》一书，东汉应邵解释说：鲁城中有阜，委曲长七八里，故名“山东曲阜”。宋真宗大中祥符5年，也就是公元10，为了纪念中华民族的始祖轩辕黄帝出生在山东曲阜，曾一度改名“仙源”县，金太宗天会7年(公元1129年)，又复名山东曲阜，沿用至今。山东曲阜是一个小城，然而，山东曲阜又是一座有着五千年文明史的文化古城，在这片神圣而又古老的土地上，中国远古传说中的三皇五帝，竟有四人在这里留下了踪迹。据《史记》、《帝王世纪》等史书记载：“黄帝生于寿丘”，“少昊自穷桑登帝位，称都山东曲阜，崩葬云阳山”，现在山东曲阜城东8里，仍留下座金字塔式的坟墓--少昊陵。中国有句俗话说道“人往高处走，水往低处流”，我们是不是可以理解为我们中华民族的祖先从这里，从黄河中下游向中原，向黄土高原迁徙的过程，而我们的母亲之河，黄河、长江，从黄土高原之上奔腾而下，一泻千里，最后汇入大海呢!中国还有句古话叫“江南出才子，江北出圣人”，实际上，江北的圣人几乎全出自山东曲阜。在中国封建时代，受到皇帝赐封的圣人一共有6位，他们分别为至圣孔子、亚圣孟子、复圣颜子、述圣子思、宗圣曾子、元圣周公，头4位都出生在山东曲阜，后两位一位是孔子的弟子，一位是封地在山东曲阜，周公的后世33代曾在鲁国为国君，至今山东称鲁，即起于此。现在山东曲阜地上地下文物众多，文化灿烂，有国家级文物古迹4处，省级11处，市级100余处。1982年山东曲阜被国务院公布为全国首批24个历史文化名城之一，1994年山东曲阜“三孔”被联合国正式列为世界文化遗产。由于山东曲阜对东方文化的重要贡献，不少人称山东曲阜为世界三大圣城之一：“东方的麦加”。在这里，您不得不沉思，也不能不感奋，因为这里深扎着中华民族的根，深扎着中国传统文化的根。

各位朋友，在中国，在东方这片有着五千年文明历史的土地上，你也许读不懂青铜器上的铭文，也许不理解人头兽身表现什么，象征什么。但是，当你走进中国人民的生活，行走在中华民族繁衍生息、劳动创造的古老土地上，你就能感受到、接触到中国人民在日常生活中流露出来的儒家文化的气息，你便能由此体验到中国人民与其他民族迥然不同的生活方式、风土人情和理想道德的差异。无论你从哪个角度，哪个层次去探究中华民族的个性与品格，都不难发现儒家文化的基因，在漫长的历史演进过程中，儒家文化几乎成了中国传统文化的代名词。而儒家文化的创始人，就是孔子。

孔子，春秋时代鲁国人，也就是山东曲阜人，名丘，字仲尼，生于公元前551年，死于公元前479年，享年73岁。孔子3岁时，父亲叔梁纥去世，16岁时，母亲颜征在去世，少年孔子成了孤儿，开始了他在等级森严的封建社会中独自谋生、学习和奋斗的一生。

孔子少年发奋自学，勤而好问，青年时代便掌握了参与贵族政治必须熟悉的礼、乐、射、御、书、数六艺，进而掌握了《诗》、《书》、《礼》、《乐》、《易》、《春秋》六经的内容，为创立儒家文化奠定了基础。

孔子30岁设学授徒，开始了漫长的教育生涯，他首开中国私人讲学、面向民众，提倡“有教无类”之风，成为中国第一位，也是世界上第一位伟大的教育家。

孔子51岁时，才做了中都县令，后来曾在鲁摄相事，然而时间不长，他便辞了官，离开鲁国开始了他长达的周游列国之行。

孔子在68岁时回到鲁国，他把几乎全部精力放在了教学和文献整理上，一直到死。孔子的一生是颠沛流离，饱经忧患的一生，是艰苦卓绝、激励奋发的一生，是春风化雨，培育英才的一生，是著书立说，济时救世的一生。如今，他的躯体虽已灰飞烟灭，但他的思想，却潜入每个东方人的心灵，他熔铸了中华民族的个性和品格，随着历史的发展和社会的进步，孔子还将引导着人类，跨向21世纪。

山东曲阜的文物古迹和旅游景点很多，大部分与孔子和孔子文化有关。现在我们所在的位置是山东曲阜明故城的正南门外，城门的北面是被称为中国三大古建筑群之一的孔庙。城门的正上方有“万仞宫墙”4个大字。“仞”是古代的长度单位，一仞约等于8尺。据说，有人称赞孔子的弟子子贡很有学问，子贡听说以后，就说：“人的学问好比宫墙，我的学问只有墙头这么高，人们一看便会看见墙内的一切，而我的老师孔子的这道墙有数仞，不找到它的门是不能看到墙内宗庙之美丽、房舍的多种多样”。后人为表达对孔子的敬仰，明代胡缵宗就写了“万仞宫墙”4个字镶在城门上，清代乾隆皇帝为了显示自己对孔子的崇拜，又把胡碑取下，换上了自己写的“万仞宫墙”4个大字。这就是“万仞宫墙”的来历。

孔庙是后人为祭祀孔子而修建的庙宇，始建于孔子死后第2年。面积有327.5亩，仿皇宫之制，分九进院落，左右对称排列，整个建筑群共有五殿、一阁、一坛、两庑、两堂、17座碑亭、54座门坊共466间，南北长约1公里。孔庙恢宏壮丽，面积之大，历史之久，保存之完整，是世界建筑史上的唯一孤例。

孔庙大门东墙外面有“官员人等至此下马”的碑刻，过去，任何官员至此，武官要下马，文官要下轿，以表示对孔子的尊重。

孔庙的第一座石坊叫“金声玉振坊”。孟子对孔子曾有过这样的评价，他说：“孔子之谓集大成，集大成者，金声而玉振之也”。“金声、玉振”表示奏乐的全过程，以击钟开始，以击磐告终，比喻孔子的思想集古圣先贤之大成。石坊上面莲花宝座上各刻有一个独角怪兽称“辟邪”，也叫“朝天吼”，这是封建社会王爵府第才可使用的饰物。

孔庙第一道门叫“棂星门”。“棂星”又名天田星，古人祭天，先要祭棂星。“棂星门”三个字为乾隆所书。“太和元气”坊同“金声玉振”坊差不多，题字为明代山东巡抚曾铣手书，赞颂孔子思想如同天地生育万物。此院东西各有一座腰门，东边上书“德侔天地一样大，他的学说古今来说都是最好的”。这座门叫“圣时门”，由此住里，有博大精深、深不可测之感。“圣时”二字，取《孟子.万章下》，“孔子，圣之时者也”句，意思是说，在圣人之中，孔子是最适合时代者。

过圣时门迎面小石桥，叫“璧水桥”，桥两侧偏南各有一座门，东门叫“快睹门”，是先睹为快的意思，西门叫“仰高门”赞颂孔子的学问十分高深。我们进入的大门，称“弘道门”，这三个字取自《论语.卫星公》“人能弘道”的句子，以此来赞颂孔子阐发了尧舜汤和文武周公之“道”。这道门也是明朝洪武十年(1377年)时孔庙的大门。再往后是“大中门”，大中门是宋朝时期孔庙的大门，原名叫“宫和门”，字的意思与孔子中庸之道的主张有关，由此门向南望去，一方面可以看到孔庙的历史沿革，一方面也可以看到孔庙的不断扩大，这些建筑既有清代建筑，也有明代建筑，还有宋代建筑，它们建的时代不同，工匠不同，但都互相配合，相得益彰，构成一体。看孔庙建筑，同时可以看到一部分中国封建社会的发展史。

这块碑立于明成化四年(1468年)，因此也叫“成化碑”，它为明宪宗朱见深所立，碑高6米，宽2米多。这块碑的特点是书法精湛，著称于世，并且碑文用论辩形式写成，在极力推崇孔子方面，可以说是之最。大家请看右上角，那上面写道：“联惟孔子之道，有天下者一日不可无焉”，又说：“孔子之道在天下，如布帛粟菽，民生日用不可暂缺”。这碑下面的动物不是乌龟，叫_是龙的儿子，特别能负重，所以用来驮碑，有句话讲“龙生九子不成龙”，在孔庙内，龙和龙的9个儿子，你都可以看到，当地的老百姓常来这里抚摸这_他们说：“摸摸_头，一辈子不犯愁，摸摸__一辈子不生病”。

我们面前的这座木结构建筑名叫“奎文阁”，原是孔庙的藏书楼。“奎星”为二十八星宿之一，有星十六颗，“屈曲相钩，似文字之画”，后来人们把它演化为文官之首，封建帝王把孔子比作天上的奎星，所以孔子又称“历代文官主”。这座楼阁高23.35米，阔30.1米，深17.62米，三重飞檐，四层斗拱，构造坚固而且合理，康熙年间山东曲阜曾有过一次大地震，“人间房屋倾者九，存者一”，而奎文阁却傲然屹立，安然无恙，由此可见我国古代劳动人民的聪明智慧和高超的建筑艺术。

我们现在进入孔庙的第六进院落，展现在大家面前的是13座碑亭，南边8座，北边5座。亭内保存着唐、宋、元、明、清各代石碑共55幢，碑文多为皇帝对孔子的追谥加封、拜庙亲祭、整修庙宇的纪录，用汉文、八思巴文、满文等刻成。此排中间的这座碑，重约65吨，采自北京的西山，在当时，将如此重量的石碑从千里之外，跋山涉水，运至山东曲阜，不能不说是一个奇迹。此院东、西各有一门，是孔庙第三道腰门，为“东华门、西华门”。

我们现在进入大成门，“大成门”是指今天下之大成，这一排共有5门并列，最西边为启圣门，是供奉孔子父母的地方，中路大成门，又有“金声门、玉振门”相佐，中路为孔庙最中心的地方，东为承圣门，原为孔子故居。

大家知道，孔子是伟大的思想家，教育家、政治家，我们认为，孔子首先是个教育家，他是中国第一位老师，封建皇帝封他为“至圣先师”“万世师表”，应当说，他是全人类的老师，是名符其实的“人类灵魂工程师”。我们面前的“杏坛”，相传是当年孔子设坛讲学的地方，金代建亭作以纪念，著名文人党怀英书“杏坛”二字。坛侧有棵杏树，为后人所栽，每当初春时节，红花绽开，绿叶摇曳。所以乾隆皇帝来朝拜时，曾赋诗赞之，诗曰：重来又值籼开时，几树东风簇绛枝，岂是人间凡卉比，文明终古共春熙。

矗立在我们面前的大殿就是名扬天下的“大成殿”，它是中国的“三大殿”之一，与北京故宫的“太和殿”，泰山岱庙的“天贶殿”齐名，其雄伟壮丽有过之而无不及。殿高24.8米，阔45.78米，深24.8米，雕梁画栋，金壁辉煌，特别是周围28根石柱，为世界文化瑰宝，均以整石雕刻而成，前面10根为深浮雕，每柱二龙戏珠，盘绕升腾，栩栩如生，刀法刚劲有力，各具变化。过去皇帝来了，都是将此柱用黄布围裹。他们若看见恐怕也会自惭不如。两侧及后廊的龙柱为浅浮雕，每柱72条龙，总共1296条。大成殿内供奉着孔子塑像，两侧为四配，东西是复圣颜回、述圣孔及，西面是宗圣曾参和亚圣孟子。再外是12哲。每年9月26日、9月28日，我们都在这里举行盛大的国际孔子文化节和孔子诞辰纪念仪式，表演大型祭孔乐舞和“箫韶乐舞”，举行丰富多彩的文化、旅游活动，欢迎各位到时光临。 三孔导游词【5】

山东曲阜是孔子的故乡，山东曲阜的孔庙、孔府、孔林是我国历代纪念孔子的圣地，统称“三孔”。孔夫子生前在此开坛授学，首创儒家文化，而其子孙后代也在此生活繁衍，传承着孔子的文化思想。1994年，“三孔”被联合国列入《世界遗产名录》。

山东曲阜“三孔”中的孔庙、孔府都坐落在市中心，孔林则位于城北。孔庙是国内最大的祭祀孔子的庙宇，它是在孔子的故居上改建而成的，可谓全世界孔庙的始祖;孔府曾是数百年来孔子嫡系长期居住的地方，它的规模在国内仅次于故宫;孔林则是孔子及其家族后裔的墓地。

孔庙，公元前478年始建，后不断扩建，至今成为一处占地327公顷(1公顷=10^4平方米)的古建筑群，包括三殿、一阁、一坛、三祠、两庑、两堂、两斋、十七亭与五十四门坊，气势宏伟、巨碑林立，堪称宫殿之城。

孔府，建于宋代，是孔子嫡系子孙居住之地，西与孔庙毗邻，占地约16公顷，共有九进院落，有厅、堂、楼、轩463间，旧称“衍圣公府”。

孔林，亦称“至圣林”，是孔子及其家族的专用墓地，林墙周长7千米，内有古树2万多株，是一处古老的人造园林。

篇2：三孔导游词

女士们、先生们：

曲阜是我国古代伟大的思想家、政治家、教育家孔子的故乡，全国首批公布的24个历史文化名城之一。孔子有句名言：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。”今天，我有幸为各位担任导游，十分高兴。我将尽力为大家提供满意的服务，不足之处，请批评指正。

曲阜概况 在参观“三孔”之前，请允许我把曲阜概况介绍一下：

曲阜地处鲁中山区和鲁西南平原的交界处，北依泰山，南引峄山，东连沂蒙群山，西俯千畴平原。地势东高西低，境内泗河、沂河等河流均自东向西流淌，自古就有“圣人门前倒流水”之说。物产丰富，景色宜人。大诗人李白曾描写曲阜：“笑夸故人指绝境，山光水色青如兰”。

曲阜历史悠久，早在五六千年前，我们的祖先就在这里繁衍生息，创造了人类早期的文明。不少古籍中，还有炎帝、少吴徙都于曲阜，黄帝生于寿丘(曲阜城东8里 处)，舜于寿丘作什器的记载。可见，中国远古时代最有影响的三皇五帝中就有四人在曲阜留下了踪迹。尽管这是传说，但也并不是毫无根据的。从境内保存下来的 20余处大汶口文化和龙山文化遗址中仍可见到我们的祖先征服自然的'遗迹。 “曲阜”一名最早见于礼记>>。

东汉应劭解释说：“鲁城东有阜，委曲长七八里，故名曲阜。”商代前期，曲阜名奄，是商王朝的重要属国。周代自“封周公于曲阜”800余年，曲阜为鲁国都城，是当时我国一个重要的政治、经济、文化中心。春秋时期，孔子首创私人讲学之风，“弟子三千，贤者七十有二”遍及全国各地，又成了当时的教育中心。鲁国是曲阜历史上的黄金时期，以“礼仪之邦”著称于世，故山东省现仍沿用“鲁”作为简称。

公元前 249年，楚灭鲁，置鲁县，秦代属薛郡，西汉时为鲁国都，魏晋南北朝时为鲁郡治。隋开皇十六年(5)，首定曲阜为县名。宋代改称仙源县，金代恢复曲阜县名至今。1986年撤县制，始称曲阜市。现面积为890平方公里，人口60余万。 悠久的历史，灿烂的文化，给曲阜留下了大量的文物古迹，主要的有110余处，其中孔庙、孔府、孔林及鲁国故城遗址被列为全国首批公布的重点文物保护单位，另有11处列为全省重要文物保护单位。“三孔”还于1994年被联合国列为世界文化遗产。

新中国建立后，特别是党的十一届三中全会以来，党和领导人对曲阜的文物古迹十分关注，国家先后拨款3000多万元对“三孔”进行了全面修茸。近年来，为了大力发展旅游事业，曲阜又相继开发建设了孔子六艺城、论语碑苑、鲁国盛世华夏文化城等一批新的旅游景点，形成人文与自然景观，新老景点浑然一体，相映生辉的旅游资源新格局，成为中外游人向往的文化旅游胜地。

篇3：三孔导游词

The reason why Qufu is famous all over the world is closely related to thename of Confucius. Confucius is one of the greatest philosophers in the worldand the founder of Chinese Confucianism. In the long history of more than 20__years, Confucian culture has gradually become the orthodox culture of China, andhas influenced the countries in East and Southeast Asia, and has become thecornerstone of the whole oriental culture. Qufu's Confucius Mansion, ConfuciusTemple and Confucius forest, collectively referred to as “three Confucius”, is asymbol of China's history of commemorating Confucius and advocatingConfucianism. It is famous for its rich cultural heritage, long history, grandscale, rich cultural relics collection and scientific and artistic value.Because of its prominent position in Chinese history and oriental culture, it ishonored as one of the three holy cities in the world.

The original name of Confucius Mansion is Yansheng mansion. Located in theeast of Confucius Temple, it is the office of Confucius' eldest grandson. LiuBang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, offered sacrifices to Confucius' tomb andmade Confucius' ninth grandson the king of worship, representing the state. Inthe Song Dynasty, it was granted the title of Yan Shenggong. In the 10th year ofHongwu in Ming Dynasty, an independent Yansheng government was established.There are more than 480 buildings, halls and halls. The former is the governmentoffice, and the latter is the inner house. There are famous Confucius archivesand a large number of cultural relics in the mansion.

Confucius' mansion, known as “the first house in the world”, is theresidence of Confucius' lineage for a long time. It is also a typical buildingof the combination of government office and inner residence in Chinese feudalsociety. After the death of Confucius, the descendants of Confucius lived nextto the temple for generations to take care of the relics of Confucius. By theend of the Northern Song Dynasty, the houses of the descendants of Confucius hadbeen expanded to dozens. By the Jin Dynasty, the descendants of Confucius hadalways been in the east of the temple. With the promotion of Confucius' officialposition and the improvement of his title, the buildings of Confucius' mansionhad been expanded to the present scale in the song, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Nowthe Confucius Mansion covers an area of about 7.4 hectares, with 480 ancientbuildings, nine courtyards in front and back, and three roads in the middle,East and West.

The gate of Confucius' mansion is a five purlin hanging mountain stylebuilding, and the plaque reads “Shengfu” written by Yan Song of Ming Dynasty.There is a couplet on both sides of the door, which is “the same day as thestate and Xianxiu, an Fu and Zunrong mansion, and the old article” moral sagefamily “. The word” Fu “is a little less, which means” wealth without a head “,and the word” Zhang “is vertical to the top, which means” the article reachesheaven “. This couplet summarizes the style of” sage family “for thousands ofyears.

Following the example of the six ministries of the feudal dynasty, theConfucius government set up six halls. On both sides of the two gates, they wereGuangou hall, Baihu hall, classics hall, sile hall, Zhiyin hall, Zhangshu halland public administration hall. Ming Dynasty building, a total of five deepthree, spacious and generous, for the year read the edict, meet officials, trialof major cases.

The Confucius Mansion covers an area of 240 mu, with 463 halls, halls,buildings and rooms. Nine into the courtyard, three road layout: the east roadis the east school, jianyiguan hall, muen hall, Kongs family temple andworkshops; the west road is the west school, hongyuxuan, Zhongshu hall, Anhuaihall and Huating hall; the main part of the Confucius Mansion is in the MiddleRoad, the front is the government office, the front is three halls and sixhalls, the back is the inner house, the front upper room, the front and backhall, the auxiliary building, the back six rooms, and finally the garden.

篇4：三孔英语导游词

三孔英语导游词篇二

Ladies and gentlemen:

Now we are going to visit the ancient art museum, dai temple.

Dai temple, used to be called ”east“, also called tai temple, the main realms of the spirit of ”mount tai“, also is the ancient emperors to taishan I tell the living and held a grand ceremony.

Dai temple created a long history, the western han dynasty historical beginning of ”namely domain, qin han palace“ up. Tang opened far thirteen years (AD 725), amended Song Xiangfu two years (AD 1009) and on a large scale expansion, after the jin, yuan, Ming and qing dynasties billiton, gradually formed a large-scale buildings.

Dai temple in downtown Tai’an City north, just old Thai city in the south gate, north DaiDing the worse on the central axis. North and south 405.7 meters long, 236.7 meters wide, was rectangular, covers an area of 96000 square meters. Dai temple architecture, in the form of the vertical and horizontal sides extension in ancient China, the overall layout to the north and the longitudinal axis, divided into the east, three axis of Chinese and western. East before and after the axis opzoon courtyard, east the throne, garden; Before and after the west axis have Tang Huai courtyard, ring wing pavilion court, made yuhua district monastery where; Axial qianmen, tianmen, ringha door, day after Kuang temple, living quarters, thick door. Subject construction of song day Kuang temple is located in the latter half of the dai temple in the crests stylobate, other building is located in the center courtyard outside, independent of each other, have immanent connection again. The building layout is according to the needs of religious and miyagi pattern design, formation of partition and bright, primary and secondary order, the unique style of of primitive simplicity, and through the changes of architectural space, in a solemn, solemn and deep, the mutual infiltration of park set each other off becomes an interest, in full. Temple towering temple and high into the clouds in the worse, give a person with beautiful feeling of mount tai.

Dai temple city high castle built, Zhou Changsan li, three zhangs, around eight door, to the nankai five, for qianmen, left for the east yi door, then left, Yang halls; For west yi door, right and then right name; see the door Qingyang door in the name of the east, also called DongHuaMen; In the name of the element view door to the west, also called xihua gate; North lu pursuit in the name of the door, also called thick door. Each gate tower, dai temple in the four corner respectively with xun, gen, dried, publication turrets, the whole building magnificent, majestic, like a seat in the imperial palace of the emperor.

Is dai temple, mount tai to the largest concentration of cultural relics. Here preserved the imperial sacrifices to full of beautiful things in the history of the phenomena of the god of mount tai, gifts, handicrafts, also has a flashing huaxia civilization guanghua taishan unearthed relics and the revolutionary historical relics, and save a lot of taishan classics and Taoism. More precious and 184 pieces of ancient steles and 48 pieces of han stone, become our country the third after xi 'an, qufu the forest of steles.

Dai temple, it is a feast for the eyes of classical gardens. A kind of dragon PAM spin cooper, cover the ginkgo, exquisite exquisite bonsai, bright flowers, and for the booth of of primitive simplicity and elegant, table, floor, ge added ten thousand kinds of amorous feelings of coquetry. Dai temple, the picturesque scenery, attracts many Chinese and foreign tourists.

Solemn and majestic dai temple, temple, cultural relic. Here every building embodies the Chinese ancient architectural art style, each piece reflects the civilization development of mount tai. Stroll in the art world, lifting eyes, raised his hand and touched the are national treasures, make the viewer power capacity, makes visitors sigh with emotion. Wei dai temple, is a fusion architecture, landscape, sculpture, painting and traditional Chinese ancient art museum.

Now, we went to the place called ”remote pavilion“ refs. It is located in the middle of Tai’an City area, north song tong Yin, is located in the dai temple outside the qianmen, vestibular is dai temple, to enter the rudiments of dai temple. Whenever the ancient emperors held to taishan fiesta, visits by simple ceremony here first, for taishan the piety of god. Therefore, in ancient times is also called ”grass and pavilion“. Ming jiajing thirteen years (AD 1534), shandong lu via become deputy political suggestion, before he left to ”remote pavilion“, have been extended ever since. Remote and TingMen outside the remote and fang is qianlong 35 years (AD 1770) to create, so far intact. Otherwise the pole high vertical, about iron lion crouching columns. Fang south ”double order“, the qing guangxu six years (AD 1880) to start building, square assembled, the queen mother pool of water, surrounded by dai temple into the pool. Because of pool in the northwest, southeast corner have a stone in and out of the water tap the name. Fanaw is tong Yin, make the person one gate into Thai south of the city is surrounded by mystery, ”heaven“ solemn atmosphere. Pool of the north China plate inscribed with ”lue tianchi“ four words. In 1992, in the pool with white marble columns, carve patterns or designs on woodwork perimeter of 63 meters, in order to protect the cultural relics. Has qing dynasty stone columns in the east and two-way, has ”jinan May 30th massacre memorial“ on the north and northwest edge with ancient one, legend of the tang dynasty rooted, up to now, branches and leaves bushiness is green and luxuriant.. Around double the order for a small square, surrounded by ancient buildings, form a beautiful picture.

Remote pavilion for pavilion type compound, 52 meters wide from east to west, north and south 66.2 meters long, with a total area of 3442.4 square meters. Main hall 5, built in the center of the courtyard rectangle above the stylobate, 10.8 meters wide, 7.75 meters deep, Lao 7.9 meters, five to four column beam, nine ridge eaves jehiel mountain type, Huang Wa coping. In the qing dynasty Ceng Sibi xia yuan jun. On both sides of things peidian peidian all intermediate.

Remote pavilion is a set of independent buildings, but with the dai temple on the connotation and unified, because of its existence, the dai temple solemn and mysterious atmosphere foil more strong. This is both independent and unified style, not only in the mountains, is rare in existing ancient buildings in China. Remote and pavilion in the tang dynasty once called ”remote“, folk have ”to visit mount tai, god worship first remote door ginseng“. When you visit the dai temple, also should first start from remote and kiosks.

Through the remote pavilion, the ”dai fang“ of the head is eleven years (AD 1672), shandong province, the qing emperor kangxi originally create day origin. Fang 12 meters high, 9.8 meters wide, 3 meters deep, and three to four column type. Three lane, heavy beam four-column brick reliefs. Circulation before and after the four pillars have eight stone lions on pier, different posture; Heavy beam four pillars engraved with ”red phoenix in morning chaoyang“, ”praised“, ”group of cranes make lotus“, ”imagination“ and so on more than 20 group of auspicious image lifelike birds benevolent and all kinds of flower pattern. The entire Shi Fang chic modelling, KeLou through fine, as in the qing dynasty stone carving art treasures. South lane column with couplets on the both sides of north and south of shi day by ”big pole in the day, great body KangSheng everything; the emperor to shock, HeSheng zhuo ling town east“. North of qing dynasty in shandong to the governor, the ministry of war assistant minister Zhao Xiangxing problem ”for the system of yue, the nations in the pursuit of wei DE He Keshang; mixed group of spirit of regent, kyushu on roaming on work which is in Beijing?“ . Two deputy couplet gripping, synthetic-aperture, puts Tarzan's lofty status and prominent map made high-level overview of god in mount taishan, make a person not into dai and admiration of love.

The dai temple, see toward the tall broad ”qianmen“, is the main entrance into the dai temple, two big red door, is a symbol of the dignity of the dai temple, ancient times can only from the door into the emperor. The years Cuo tuo, to the eve of liberation, qianmen cracks have is full of stains or spots, the door at the top of the tower is also in the rain or blown away by the history. Now the qianmen is 1985 built according to the song dynasty architectural style. Door 8.6 meters high, the tower above 11 meters high, a total of five and nine single eaves jehiel mountain ridge, 24 MingZhu root, and it's all round Mosaic Ling isolation, overlying yellow glazed tile, eaves stone out of the four three, black ink dot gold coloured drawing or pattern, the forehead Fang Jinlong flying, from a distance become warped eaves wing, pian-pian wants to fly.

Into the purpose of qianmen quickly into the ”heaven“, is take the Confucius ”DE match heaven and earth“ and famous, for dai temple next door, door with built in the emperor song zhenzong and few over two years (AD 1009), the width 5, depth between the three, single eaves jehiel mountain style buildings, inside the original si green dragon, white tiger, rosefinch, xuanwu four stars. On both sides of the original peidian peidian, east as the ”three ling hou temple“, enshrined in the zhou dynasty about the official Tang Chen, GeYong, tempo, three people. When the emperor song zhenzong dong feng, see three in the worse the man of god, seal for the ”three ling hou“, then built the temple worship. West as ”qiu temple“ is enshrined in the tang dynasty ”access group, and to serve voluntarily thick raise“ the points in Du Zong frenzy. Linked to match went north and south ”ringha door“ is take ”the world belongs to the benevolence“ Confucius language meaning and, for the third door, dai yuan dynasty to yuan four years (AD 1338) to create. Building structure and tianmen is similar, inside the 2nd day of the deaf and dumb god, both sides have something goalkeeper. With doors on the west side of the stone tablet 20, one of the most famous is the < broadcasting < information tablet >>and < < few tablet >>, double monuments, majestic tall, confrontation, turtle fell therefore, stately, dai temple existing two big stone tablet.

Tianmen ”Tang Huai courtyard“ in the southwest, the original ”big countable embrace, the shadow of branches mu xu“ Tang Huai, years of the republic of China, fighting BingXian, ancient much, gradually die. In 1952, dai temple host ShangShiLian again small tree in the withered tree stem a strain, and named ”Tang Huai brussel. This new tree has become a tree, pond castles peeped, and become a big g dai temple.

Tang Huai east of the old delay jubilee temple temple, the scriptures, ring wing pavilion, made yuhua district monastery where, is destroyed by years of the republic of China. In 1984, a new archaize on Tibetan oratory site storage, between 48 in mount taishan in 4000 pieces of precious relics, ancient books of more than 3000 copies.

North ringha through my door is covered days of pines seem to the north, I saw a colorful, resplendent and magnificent basilica stands on the big balcony, this is the main architecture of the dai temple, song day Kuang temple. Day Kuang temple, also called China sun temple, founded in north emperor song zhenzong dazhong few over two years (AD 1009). In A.D. 1008, song, liao in alliance (now in henan puyang), emperor song zhenzong though victory over liao army, but no mood to fight again, but signed a humiliating treaty, known as “the union of alliance” in history. Emperor song zhenzong in one's hand in order to pacify the resentment, to consolidate its ruling position, he adopted the deputy prime minister qin-ruo wang engineer zhao book “heaven” scam, leading officials, in the same year October car “gobbledygook” came to mount tai, held a grand thank grace to the gift, and is due to people for day Kuang festival every year in June. Dai li, zhao expansion under the dai temple, and on the basis of the original mount tai temple, built the day Kuang temple.

Day Kuang house 43.67 meters long, north and south 17.18 meters wide, 22.3 meters high, the width of nine, four deep, double-hipped roof anise, stone fly up, overlying yellow glazed tile, eaves hung between Kuang temple “song day” JuBian, eight root red MingZhu eaves, with Pope fang and stone, and outside groove have become warped weight the three arch, groove inside the temple roof for four after bucket sunk panel, yu is square flat is the ceiling. The entire hall Luan Lu diego shrugged, diao Liang Caidong, gold paint walls, Dan wall, completed a majestic, although after several dynasty, ancient and remain, with Beijing's Forbidden City hall of supreme harmony, qufu Confucius dacheng hall and three big palatial architecture in ancient China.

Into the hall, positive tall statue of “god of mount tai” color is reshaping in 1984, cave is 4.4 meters tall, twelve Liu head crown, wearing dagon's robe, handheld, the board, solemn dignified, vivid, may have a sense of “lifelike, be vividly portrayed. ”Taishan“ god is a Taoist believe in ”god“ of a ghost, can dominate the life and death. Was dubbed ”day king“ in the tang dynasty, song dynasty seal for JiRenSheng Ann ”day“, when the yuan dynasty and dubbed ”dongyue days of qi ShengRen emperor“, Ming emperor after he began to reign, and he thinks to taishan seal number is god ”to blaspheme the ritual without“, therefore, get rid of all titles, renamed ”the god of mount tai. Since then, the status of the dai temple is not I, enjoy “dongyue many” reputation.

Statue on both sides of the couplets for precise Wu Yun book, “the emperor to the earthquake, life in Yin”. Banners is the qing emperor kangxi emperor in 23 years (in 1684 AD in taishan when the topic “town” match day JuBian. Inside the palace with part of the phenomena of Ming and qing era. Inside the northeast west three the < < taishan revelation Bi back process diagram >>for the song dynasty painted. Murals total length of 62 meters, 3.3 meters high, picture by picture god in the mighty mount tai grand scene, when the emperor song zhenzong letter east taishan majesty and imposing manner, the whole mural by a hall door, east is “rev Bi figure”, depicting the taishan god excursions; west as the “back to the process diagram”, depicting the taishan god returned. The whole picture of 697 characters, its appearance and manners are all the same, be auspicious beast mounts, pavilions, mountains and rivers, trees and flowers, etc., of a great, the grand spectacle. Picture a saturated flourish is fluent, structure is rigorous, the layout symmetry nature, character looks vivid and lively, clothing line is clear, lifelike and vivid facial expressions, plus the colour and lustre beautiful coordination, give a person with high aesthetic enjoyment.

Temple in ancient times, has been damaged by fire and earthquake, murals have also been affected, as you can see from the mural art processing, mural is redrawn later part of the picture, but the whole picture is basically kept the original face of the song dynasty, it is still in the history of Chinese mural painting, Taoism a picture of a rare art treasures.

Days before Kuang temple wide large terrace consists of two layers, railing, standing on the big balcony, is suddenly enlightened. There is a royal pavilion, terrace on each side of emperor qianlong visited dai temple in ShiBei. Ming wanli is among big censer casting. Cooper under the terrace of the clip in the south, is a small square columns at the end of the pool, commonly known as the “pavilion old pool”. The emperor held a ceremony to visit mount tai, god princes is welcome here. Pool and around 9 stance is strange taihu Jin Daan first year (AD 1209) with her mother which is offered by the wang, taian county magistrate wu bit. Each stone features, carefully watch the intriguing, a exquisite stone tunnel middle outstanding, called “hula stone”. Fuso north stone has an independent order under cooper, called “solitary loyal cypress”, tang dynasty female emperor wu zetian doubt its folklore also with secretary Shi Zhong rebellion, then its killed, Shi Zhong ghosts do not come loose, came to dongyue before the emperor wu zetian out of shape, thereby lone cypress. Stones covered her eyes, it is said that the visitors around the hula around the turn three times, then go to touch the other side of the solitary loyal cypress, all to be able to help, is a lot of people. The legend of these rich romance is not credible, but shows the taishan's long history and rich culture, those who write the legend of folk wit, the good and evil of human skillfully in the image of cypress trees, leaves later generations lots of regrets.

Day Kuang lay behind the surface is after three palace, in the bedroom, width 5, on both sides for the bedroom, among the three, the emperor song zhenzong and few over five years (AD 1012) to seal a letter to the taishan god “day JiRen ShengDi”, after considering the need a queen, to facilitate the same seal a “shu next year”, and “her” built the temple, from “concubines”, live with living quarters. The feudal rulers in order to achieve the goal of “borrow god daughter”, “well-meaning, holding the” true.

Days of steles Kuang temple on both sides of things, all kinds of stone tablet full of beautiful things in eyes of han stone, taishan ancient steles boutique mostly concentrated in here. These inscriptions almost collection of Chinese calligraphy, after jin dynasty “two Kings”, the song dynasty “four everybody”, grass nationalities of, style available; YanLiu zhao, style each different, there are seven big fellow tablet < < HengFang tablet >>, < < zhang moved stone >>; Jin dynasty, one of the three major milestone < < lady tablet >>; Plastic is novel, calligraphy dissimilar < < double-beam tablet >>; Mount tai buddhist chronicle of tablet < < datang JiZhou ShenBao temple monuments, >>, etc. A total of 19 pieces, all has the very high historical value of cultural relics and calligraphy art value.

Display of 48 pieces of han stone in the west gallery is since 1960, several cleaning dawenkou and old county east han tomb stone set. The han stone, rich in content, range, some reflect the horses and chariots, travel, dancing to acrobatics and other social life; Some describe fairy tales; Also has the reflection of historical figures, neat picture design, modelling is vivid, on the carving techniques, the traditional Chinese painting line with engraved, embossed with an organic whole, manifests the like forthright grandeur of the plain, characteristic, is the study of ancient Chinese culture important materials for art and social life of the eastern han dynasty.

Out of the attic, door knob spirit is “opzoon”. In the original “bean ling temple”, was destroyed by years of the republic of China. In the courtyard, branches, five tall cooper if a kind of dragon PAM, legend has it for the first year of emperor in yuan seal (110 BC), when I mount tai has more than two thousand years ago, “opzoon” hence the name.

Yuan's north “han pavilion” is 1959 in the house built on the oberoi, bean spirit pavilion built on three layers tall stone stylobate, very spectacular. Stylobate wall Mosaic qianlong fifty-nine years (AD 1749 years) who taian magistrate of a county scale book by du fu's < < look? Gt; >and < < qiu xing >>celebrities such as carved poems. The pavilion looked around his eyes and skylight brought low, rich of otimista chest, dai temple view, panoramic view of whole city.

Opzoon nosocomial stone tablet line, approximates to 90 pieces. There are descendants of the official script of han dynasty < < four sorrow poetry >>,'s < < fly friends article >>, have the posterity the seal character of luji's < < tai shan Yin >>, xie lingyun's < < tai shan Yin >>and the song dynasty calligrapher MiFei < < first mountain >>, Ming chongzhen years Chen Changyan, ZuoPeiXuan topic of < < opzoon figure great >>, the qianlong emperor drive < < opzoon figure >>and contemporary ink of celebrities. Place oneself in the forest of steles is like reading a history of China, the benefit of the influence of the nation, will leave every serious watching endless thinking.

By opzoon courtyard to the north, through the quiet little garden into the courtyard of a small and exquisite. This is the place where the ancient imperial sacrifices mount tai when living, because is located within the DongHuaMen, therefore calls “east the throne”. Its building for yuan to is seven years (AD 1347), Ming said welcome don, qianlong 35 years (1770 years) renamed in the pavilion. East the throne by the Great Wall flower door, door, door, main hall, and wing, hospital construction, green, quiet quiet and tastefully laid out, give a person the sense with super world white. Five main hall high above the stylobate, inside the set for recovery, qing qianlong emperor la people like, pier dragon, dragon, clothes closet, red sandalwood furniture such as a square table and all kinds of marble grain and golden rust ancient ceramic wall hanging and four treasures of the study. The famous “cold jade flower, the”, “aloes lion” and “yellow orchid porcelain bottle gourd” twenty-seventh year is qianlong, 36 years worship offerings when tai shan, said Tarzan “sanbao town mountain”. Doors and temple, dressed in ancient costume in the qing dynasty's “guardian”, “palace” to the qing court etiquette to greet visitors, make visitors like back to ancient times, to extrapolate.

Palace stylobate under a stone, with a glass cover, this is the famous Chinese and foreign famous “the father of sharpening” qin sharpening. < < tai shan qin burring >>engraved letters merit qin Ming and qin ii, write to prime minister lisi. His seal script with economical fair instead of minor stroke numerous fat at the time, the handwriting stiffness tall and straight, swept away many fat stay qi, inscriptions, a total of 222 words, gradually disappear, after the Ming jiajing years still remaining 29 words, the original made in DaiDing herself beside the pool, after vicissitudes sink, a few times again, today only 10 residue left word, complete is seven. Is a rare treasure, is listed as a national level cultural relics.

Out of the bedroom, north of dai last into the yard. Something inside two garden all sorts of miniascape of various, within sight of the art to reproduce the taishan one content, fragrant flowers. On the southwest of west tower cast established twelve years (AD 1533), a former level 13, now the only remaining level 3, plain modelling, still do not break the elegant demeanour, and to the southeast of tower confrontation stylobate copper pavilion, also called “jin que”, for the whole copper casting, imitation wood, 4.4 meters high, 3.4, Ming wanli 43 years (AD 1615) casting in DaiDing azure clouds temple, built to consecrate jade xia yuan jun. Move to the mountain spirit should be between Ming dynasty and early qing palace, in dai temple in 1972, is the present domestic only one of the three largest copper pavilion.

“Thick door” was the last of the dai temple gate, was rebuilt in 1984. On the door has “looked YueGe” three rooms, Huang Wa Ming gallery, andalusite partition board, Joan pavilion is like air. Standing on the court looked to adai yue high precision, castle peak around the white clouds, green trees and the light smoke, tianmen ladder like flying floating hang them knowing you can't have them.

The thick red doors north behavior way, near the temple street is the starting point of the mountaineering, the gate of mount tai, climbing mt.tai.taibin starting from this, of a politician will see the best scenery in mount taishan, until the “day”.

篇5： 曲阜三孔导游词

山东曲阜的“三孔”――孔庙、孔府、孔林驰名中外，它是我国思想家、教育家、儒家创始人孔子的故乡。这里以丰厚的文化积淀、悠久历史、宏大规模、丰富文物珍藏，以及科学艺术价值而著称而吸引着游客，今年我就去贵宝地畅游了一番。

走进大门，“金声玉振”四个大字在阳光的照射下闪闪生辉。这个石门有着怎样的由来呢？孟子对孔子有过这样的评价：“孔子之谓集大成。集大成者，金声而玉振之也。金声也者，始条理也；玉振之也者，终条理也”。“金声”、“玉振”表示奏乐的全过程，以击钟（金声）开始，以击磐（玉振）告终。以此象征孔子思想集古圣先贤之大成，赞颂孔子对文化的巨大贡献。为了纪念这个小典故，后人把孔庙门前的.第一座石坊命名为“金声玉振”。

孔庙的奎文阁是值得一看的地址，它是我过四大名阁之一。它高23.35米，阔30.1米，深17.62米，黄瓦歇山顶，三重飞檐，四层斗怼D诓苛讲悖中夹暗层，层叠式构架，底层木柱上施斗恚斗砩显倭⑸喜隳局。奎文阁结构合理，固坚异常，自公元15重修以来，经受了几百年风风雨雨的侵袭和多次地震的摇撼，虽然康熙年间的大地震使曲阜“人间房屋倾者九，存者一”，而奎文阁坚固的旁证仍然无恙，岿然屹立，不愧为我国著名的古代木结构建筑之一。奎文阁前有两座御碑亭，亭内外共有四幢明代御碑。每幢高6米多，宽2米多，碑下的龟趺高1米多。碑额精雕盘龙，绕日盘旋栩栩如生，碑文内容多是尊崇孔子。

从孔子讲学的杏坛北望，在双层石栏的台基上一座金黄色的大殿突兀凌空，双重飞檐中海兰色的竖匾上木刻贴金的群龙紧紧团护着3个金色大字“大成殿”。大成殿是孔庙的主殿，大殿结构简洁整齐，重檐飞翘，雕梁画栋，金碧辉煌，饰以云龙图案，祥云缭绕，群龙竞飞。四周廊下环立28根雕龙石柱，均以整石刻成。前檐的10根为深浮雕，每柱两龙对翔，盘绕升腾，中刻宝珠，四绕云焰，柱脚缀以山石，衬以波涛。10根龙柱两两相对，各具变化。无一雷同，造型优美生动，雕刻玲珑剔透，刀法刚劲有力，龙姿栩栩如生。这可是曲阜独有的石刻艺术瑰宝！

孔府与孔庙为邻，是孔子世袭“衍圣公”的世代嫡裔子孙居住的地方，孔府占地246多亩，是我国仅次于明、清皇帝宫室的最大府第。有厅、堂、楼、轩等各式建筑463间。

出了孔庙往北，就是占第面积为3000余亩的孔林，它是孔子及后代的家族墓地。园内古木森森，林下墓家累累，碑蝎林立，石仪成队。

曲阜三孔，宏伟壮丽，是歌颂古人的崇高思想文化；曲阜三孔，中外闻名，是我家乡山东的一颗耀眼明珠！

篇6： 曲阜三孔导游词

山东曲阜是我国古代伟大的思想家和教育家孔子的家乡，清明节的第二天，风和日丽，我们全家踏上了去曲阜的旅程，爸爸开着车沿着高速路飞奔，只觉得路两边的青山和绿树飞快的向后面倒去，我们一路说说笑笑不知不觉就到达了曲阜。

在导游阿姨的带领下我们先游览了孔府。进了孔府的大门后还有一道门，但门是关闭着的，导游阿姨介绍说只有皇帝来了才能走这道门，平时文武百官来了只能绕道而行，文官走右边，武官走左边，我们进去走右边回来走左边，就会文武双全啦，有意思吧？孔府是孔子世代嫡裔子孙居住的地方，在中国是仅次于明、清皇帝宫室的最大府第，占地240多亩。孔府对我来说真是太大了，进去之后就像进了迷宫。后来查了资料才有搞明白了一些：孔府分为中、东，西三路。东路为家庙，西路为学院，中路为主体建筑。 中路前部分为官衙，设三堂六厅（大堂、二堂、三堂，管勾厅、百户厅、知印厅、掌书厅、典籍厅、司乐厅），大堂是衍圣公的公堂，内有八宝暖阁、虎皮大圈椅、红漆公案、公案上有公府大印、令旗令箭、惊堂木、文房四宝等。两侧是仪仗，气象森严可畏，由此可见孔家受历朝历代皇家尊重的程度；后部分为内宅，设前上房、前堂楼、后堂楼、后五间，是孔府内眷居住的地方，决不允许外人随便进出，就连内宅的用水都是从高墙外的石槽倒入。最后部分是孔府的花园，后花园内有太湖石假山及各种奇异花草，特别是有一株五棵柏树环抱一棵槐树，十分奇特，号称“五柏抱槐”。

游完孔府，我们又来到了孔庙。孔庙是祭祀孔子及其夫人和七十二贤人的地方。它同北京的故宫、承德避暑山庄并称为中国的三大古建筑群。孔庙的建筑时间最久远、规模最宏大。孔庙墙外东西各立一块石碑：下马碑、下轿碑。过去文武官员、庶民百姓从此路过，须下轿下马徒步而行，以示对孔子、孔庙的尊敬。我们边走边看，“至圣庙”坊、碧水桥、大中门、奎文阁、十三碑亭、杏坛、大成殿这些规模宏大、历史久远的古代建筑无不体现了历朝历代对孔子的尊重，折射出孔子思想对中国的深刻影响。

出了孔府后门是一条街道，沿街直走穿过城墙后就到达“孔林”了，孔林是孔子及其家族的专用墓地，已延续2400余年，林内树株经历代种植、保护，松柏苍郁，古木参天，形成了一个人造大园林。孔子的幕前人很多，大家都怀着无比尊重的心情来怀念这位伟大的先祖。孔子儿子、孙子的墓就在他的左右前方，而且周围都是他的子子孙孙们，想来他也不会寂寞了。

这次来曲阜，我领略到了孔子的伟大，中国传统文化的博大精深，中国古建筑的雄厚气势，看到了苍劲古朴的几百年、上千年的老树，我还品尝到了孔府家宴，其中的一品豆腐、诗礼银杏、孔府扣肉都非常的好吃，下次我还要来曲阜。

篇7：三孔景点导游词

走进正阳门霍然入目的“配天门”，是取孔子语“德配天地”而名，为岱庙的第二道门，配天门建于宋真宗大中祥符二年(公元10)，面阔五间，进深三间，单檐歇山式建筑，殿内原祀青龙、白虎、朱雀、玄武等四方星宿。两侧原有配殿，东为“三灵候殿”，祀周朝谏官唐宸、葛雍、周武三人。传宋真宗东封时，在南天门见三神人，加封为“三灵候”，后来建此殿专祀。西为“太尉殿”是祀唐朝“虽出入将相，而奉自愿厚养”的分国公杜宗的。与配天门南北相连的“仁安门”是取孔子语“天下归仁”之意而名，为岱庙的第三道门，元代至元四年(公元1338年)创建。建筑结构与配天门雷同，殿内原祀天聋、地哑之神，两侧有东西门神。配天门的西侧有碑碣20块，最著名的是《宣和碑>>和《祥符碑》,双碑高大雄伟，东西对峙，龟跌螭，气势非凡，为岱庙现存两大碑碣。

配天门西南方的“唐槐院”，原有“大可数抱，枝干荫亩许”的唐槐，民国年间，兵燹战乱，古槐倍受摧残，渐渐枯死。1952年，岱庙主持尚士濂又在枯槐干中植小槐一株，并取名“唐槐抱子”。今新槐已成大树，扶疏郁茂，又成为岱庙一大佳景。

唐槐之东旧有延禧殿、藏经殿、环咏亭、雨花道院，皆毁于民国年间。1984年，在藏经堂旧址上新建仿古文物库房48间，内藏泰山历代珍贵文物4000余件，古书籍3000余册。

北过仁安门透过蔽是遮天的苍松翠柏向北望去，只见一座五光十色、金碧辉煌的大殿矗立在高大的露台上，这就是岱庙的主体建筑——宋天贶殿。天贶殿又叫峻极殿，创建于北宋真宗大中祥符二年(公元1009年)。公元10，宋、辽在澶渊(今河南濮阳)交战，宋真宗虽大胜辽军，但无心再战，却签订了屈辱的条约，历史上称为“澶渊之盟”。宋真宗为了平息朝野的怨愤之情，巩固其统治地位，他采纳了副宰相王钦若策谋的“天降昭书”的骗局，于同年十月率领群臣，车载“天书”来到泰山，举行了隆重的答谢天恩告祭大礼，并定于每年六月初六为“天贶节”。笠年，下昭扩建岱庙，又在原泰山神殿的基础上，建造了天贶殿。

天贶殿东西长43.67米，南北宽17.18米，高22.3米，殿阔九间，进深四间，重檐八角，斗拱飞翘，上覆黄琉璃瓦，檐间悬挂“宋天贶殿”的巨匾，檐下八根大红明柱，柱上有普柏枋和斗拱，外槽均单翘重昂三跳拱，内槽殿顶为四个复斗式藻井，余为方形平棋天花板。整座大殿栾栌迭耸，雕梁彩栋，贴金绘垣，丹墙壁立，峻极雄伟，虽历经数朝，古貌犹存，它同北京故宫的太和殿，曲阜孔庙的大成殿并中国古代三大宫殿式建筑。

走进殿堂，正面高大的“东岳泰山之神”彩色塑像是1984年重塑的，坐像高4.4米，头顶冠冕十二旒，身着衮袍，手持圭板，肃穆端庄，造形生动，大有“栩栩如生，呼之欲出”之感。“泰山神”是道教所信奉的“百鬼之神”，可主宰生死。唐代被封为“天齐王”，宋时封为“天齐仁圣安”，元朝又封为“东岳天齐大生仁皇帝”，明太祖登基后，认为给泰山神加封号是“渎礼不经”，故去掉所有封号，改称“东岳泰山之神”。从此，岱庙的地位也就不可一世，享有“东岳神府”的盛名了。

塑像两边的楹联为清人吴云所书，“帝出乎震，人生于寅”。横额是清康熙帝于二十三年(公元1684年朝泰山时所题“配天作镇”巨匾。殿堂内摆放着明、清时代的部分祭器。殿内东北西三面的《泰山神启跸回銮图》传为宋代所绘。壁画全长62米，高3.3米，画面借描绘泰山神出巡时的浩荡宏伟场面，表现宋真宗东封泰山时的威严和气势，整幅壁画以大殿后门为界，东为“启跸图”，描绘泰山神出巡的场面;西为“回銮图”，描绘泰山神返回的情景。整个画面共有人物697人，其装束、仪态无一雷同，加以祥兽坐骑、亭台楼阁、山川河流、花草树木等，组成一幅瑰丽无比，气势雄伟的场面。画面笔力遒劲流畅，结构严谨，布局匀称自然，人物眉目传神活泼，衣着线条清晰，表情逼真生动，再加上色泽的绚丽协调，给人以极高的美学享受。

大殿在古时，曾受火灾和地震的损坏，壁画也受到影响，从壁画的艺术处理上可以看出，壁画的部分画面是后来重绘的，但整幅画基本上保留了宋代原作的面目，它仍为中国绘画史、道教壁画史上的一幅不可多得的艺术珍品。

天贶殿前宽阔的大露台分上下两层，雕栏环抱，站在大露台上，大有豁然开朗之感。露台两侧各有一座御碑亭，内立乾隆皇帝拜谒岱庙的诗碑。中间是明万历年间铸造的大香炉。露台下古柏相夹的甬道向南延伸，尽头是一个方形石栏小池，俗称“阁老池”。皇帝举行大典参拜泰山神时，群臣就恭候在这里。池内及周围9块姿态怪异的太湖石是金大安元年(公元1209年)泰安县令吴衔与其母王氏所献。每块石头各俱特色，仔细观赏耐人寻味，甬道中间有一玲珑石卓然而立，名为“扶桑石”。扶桑石北面有一株古柏独立阶下，名为“孤忠柏”，民间传说唐朝女皇帝武则天怀疑其也与大臣石忠谋反，便将其杀害，石忠冤魂不散，便来到东岳大帝前告武则天灭子之状，从而化为孤柏。据说，游人蒙住双眼绕扶桑石左右各转三圈，然后去摸对面的孤忠柏，凡能扶到的，都是神气很大的人。这些富有浪漫色彩的传说固不可信，但却显示了泰山悠久的历史和文化的发达，那些编写传说的民间才子，把人间的善与恶巧妙地融汇在柏树的形象中，给后人留下了许许多多的感慨。

篇8：三孔英语导游词

三孔英语导游词篇一

Ladies and gentlemen: qufu is our country ancient times a great thinker, politician and educator Confucius's hometown, one of the first batch of 24 historical and cultural cities published. Confucius had a famous saying: “there is companion come from afar, joy.” Today, I had the privilege to you as a tour guide, very happy. I will do my best to provide satisfactory service for you, the deficiency, please correct me criticism.

Qufu overview before a visit to the “three holes”, please allow me to introduce qufu overview:

Qufu is situated at in and plain of shandong province at the junction, north depends on mount tai, south Yi mountain, the east river bank Mongolia mountains, west plains of over thousand domain. Terrain east west high low, domestic SiHe, YiHe river flows from east to west, from ancient times there is “the saint door back water”. Products rich, pleasant scenery. Great poet qufu Li Baiceng describes: “smile boast a friend refers to despair, the graceful green such as LAN”.

Qufu has a long history, as early as fifty-six thousand years ago, our ancestors would thrive here, created the early human civilization. Many ancient books, and the yan emperor, wu migration are less in qufu, the yellow emperor was born in longevity hill (qufu east eight miles), shun in life for what sorts of records. Visible, China ancient times the most influential in the existence of four people left traces in qufu. Although this is a legend, but also is not groundless. From more than 20 section of the preserved in dawenkou culture and longshan culture sites still remains visible to our ancestors conquering nature. “One of the earliest qufu” in rites >>. The eastern han dynasty YingShao explained: “east lu mound, winding in the seven or eight long, therefore qufu.” The early stage of the shang dynasty, qufu I, is one of the important vassal shang dynasty. “Duke of sealing in qufu” since the zhou dynasty for over 800 years, qufu for lu capital, and was an important political, economic and cultural center. The wind of spring and autumn period, Confucius pioneering private teaching, “three thousand disciples, the sage three thousand two” throughout all over the country, and became the center of education. Lu is a golden period in the history of qufu, well known for its “formal state”, so is still in use in shandong province “lu” as referred to. In 249 BC, chu lu, lu county, qin dynasty Xue Jun, the western han dynasty to lu, when the wei jin southern and northern dynasties to crewe. Sui emperor sixteen years (596), the first pronounce qufu county name. Song called fairy source county, jin recover qufu county name today. 1986 withdraw XianZhi, called qufu. Now covers an area of 890 square kilometers and a population of more than 60. Long history, splendid culture, left a large number of cultural relics to qufu, mainly there are more than 110, the Confucius temple, Confucius, konglin was suggested and lu cultural site is listed as one of the first key cultural relics protection units by the national, 11 listed as the provincial key cultural relics protection units. “Three holes” in 1994 by the United Nations as a world cultural heritage.

After the founding of new China, especially since the third plenary session of the eleventh party and state leaders of great concern, qufu monuments in countries has budgeted more than 3000 3000 yuan on the “three holes” chopped comprehensive repair. In recent years, in order to develop the tourism, qufu company development and construction of the memorial garden city of six arts, analects of Confucius, a batch of new tourist attractions such as lu shengshi huaxia culture city, the formation of humanities and natural landscape, the old and new scenic spots one integrated mass, synergies of new pattern of tourism resources, become the culture of Chinese and foreign tourists yearning resort.

篇9： 三孔的导游词

不知道您读没读过《论语》，那上面开篇有一句话叫“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎”。那么我就以孔子的这句名言，热烈地欢迎您来孔子的故乡曲阜参观游览。下面，就由我陪同各位游览并进行导游服务，非常感谢您的合作，并衷心地希望您对我的工作多提出批评意见。

在来曲阜之前，许多朋友可能已对曲阜和孔子有了不少的了解，但也有的朋友知道的并不十分详细，现在，我就在进入景点之前，先把曲阜和孔子的情况简要介绍一下。

各位朋友，在中国，在东方这片有着五千年文明历史的土地上，你也许读不懂青铜器上的铭文，也许不理解人头兽身表现什么，象征什么。但是，当你走进中国人民的生活，行走在中华民族繁衍生息、劳动创造的古老土地上，你就能感受到、接触到中国人民在日常生活中流露出来的儒家文化的气息，你便能由此体验到中国人民与其他民族迥然不同的生活方式、风土人情和理想道德的差异。无论你从哪个角度，哪个层次去探究中华民族的个性与品格，都不难发现儒家文化的基因，在漫长的历史演进过程中，儒家文化几乎成了中国传统文化的代名词。而儒家文化的创始人，就是孔子。

孔子，春秋时代鲁国人，也就是曲阜人，名丘，字仲尼，生于公元前551年，死于公元前479年，享年73岁。孔子3岁时，父亲叔梁纥去世，16岁时，母亲颜征在去世，少年孔子成了孤儿，开始了他在等级森严的封建社会中独自谋生、学习和奋斗的一生。

孔子少年发奋自学，勤而好问，青年时代便掌握了参与贵族政治必须熟悉的礼、乐、射、御、书、数六艺，进而掌握了《诗》、《书》、《礼》、《乐》、《易》、《春秋》六经的内容，为创立儒家文化奠定了基础。

孔子30岁设学授徒，开始了漫长的教育生涯，他首开中国私人讲学、面向民众，提倡“有教无类”之风，成为中国第一位，也是世界上第一位伟大的`教育家。

孔子51岁时，才做了中都县令，后来曾在鲁摄相事，然而时间不长，他便辞了官，离开鲁国开始了他长达的周游列国之行。

孔子在68岁时回到鲁国，他把几乎全部精力放在了教学和文献整理上，一直到死。孔子的一生是颠沛流离，饱经忧患的一生，是艰苦卓绝、激励奋发的一生，是春风化雨，培育英才的一生，是著书立说，济时救世的一生。如今，他的躯体虽已灰飞烟灭，但他的思想，却潜入每个东方人的心灵，他熔铸了中华民族的个性和品格，随着历史的发展和社会的进步，孔子还将引导着人类，跨向21世纪。

曲阜的文物古迹和旅游景点很多，大部分与孔子和孔子文化有关。现在我们所在的位置是曲阜明故城的正南门外，城门的北面是被称为中国三大古建筑群之一的孔庙。城门的正上方有“万仞宫墙”4个大字。“仞”是古代的长度单位，一仞约等于8尺。据说，有人称赞孔子的弟子子贡很有学问，子贡听说以后，就说：“人的学问好比宫墙，我的学问只有墙头这么高，人们一看便会看见墙内的一切，而我的老师孔子的这道墙有数仞，不找到它的门是不能看到墙内宗庙之美丽、房舍的多种多样”。后人为表达对孔子的敬仰，明代胡缵宗就写了“万仞宫墙”4个字镶在城门上，清代皇帝为了显示自己对孔子的崇拜，又把胡碑取下，换上了自己写的“万仞宫墙”4个大字。这就是“万仞宫墙”的来历。

孔庙是后人为祭祀孔子而修建的庙宇，始建于孔子死后第2年。面积有327。5亩，仿皇宫之制，分九进院落，左右对称排列，整个建筑群共有五殿、一阁、一坛、两庑、两堂、17座碑亭、54座门坊共466间，南北长约1公里。孔庙恢宏壮丽，面积之大，历史之久，保存之完整，是世界建筑史上的唯一孤例。

篇10： 三孔的导游词

曲阜是孔子的故乡，曲阜的孔庙、孔府、孔林是我国历代纪念孔子的圣地，统称“三孔”。孔夫子生前在此开坛授学，首创儒家文化，而其子孙后代也在此生活繁衍，传承着孔子的文化思想。1994年，“三孔”被联合国列入《世界遗产名录》。

曲阜“三孔”中的孔庙、孔府都坐落在市中心，孔林则位于城北。孔庙是国内最大的祭祀孔子的庙宇，它是在孔子的故居上改建而成的，可谓全世界孔庙的始祖;孔府曾是数百年来孔子嫡系长期居住的地方，它的规模在国内仅次于故宫;孔林则是孔子及其家族后裔的墓地。

孔庙，公元前478年始建，后不断扩建，至今成为一处占地327公顷(1公顷=10^4平方米)的古建筑群，包括三殿、一阁、一坛、三祠、两庑、两堂、两斋、十七亭与五十四门坊，气势宏伟、巨碑林立，堪称宫殿之城。

孔府，建于宋代，是孔子嫡系子孙居住之地，西与孔庙毗邻，占地约16公顷，共有九进院落，有厅、堂、楼、轩463间，旧称“衍圣公府”。

孔林，亦称“至圣林”，是孔子及其家族的专用墓地，林墙周长7千米，内有古树2万多株，是一处古老的人造园林。

篇11：三孔英语导游词

三孔英语导游词篇三

Respect fellow guests:

Hello! I travel, the reception department's request, visits the tour to presence famous city Qufu fellow welcome guests to express warmly welcome. I fortunately accompany the visit for everybody tourguide, is extremely happy, this is we enjoys the study together the good opportunity. After looked please leave behind the valued suggestion.

First, briefly introduces Qufu to everybody the history, the cultural relic survey.

Historical city Qufu was our country ancient times the great thinker, the educationalist, the statesman, the literature entire manages family affairs, sage of Kong Zi's the world hometown, Mencius's native place, Chinese nation's first ancestor shaft Yellow Emperor's birth place, the capital, discussed the Yin native country, the Lu country capital. Three emperors five emperors have four to live the practical training in here, some more than 5,000 years history. Underground has the rich buried treasure, on has the multitudinous cultural relic. Existing cultural relic 112, including the United Nations to protect the unit, world culture inheritance 3, national protection 4, provincial level 12, other for place city level protection.

Heavy center seriously has “a three two temples mausoleum”, “a three mountains two forests temple”. The Confucian temple, Confucian Residence, Konglin, the popular name “three”, have the sacrificial offering China Yuan saint Duke of Zhou's temple, has sacrificial offering Kong Zi first big disciple duplicate saint Yan Hui the temple, the popular name “two temples”; “A mausoleum” is Yellow Emperor is born - - the long-lived earthen mound few mausoleums; “Three mountains”; The Kong Zi place of birth Nepal mountain, Chinese grave group Jiulongshan, small Taishan - - nine (call nine mountains). Two forests are: The world educates the child best mother forest, the Kong Zi parents buries Liang Gonglin; “A temple” is Li Bai, Du Fu writes poetry, responds, bidding good-bye place, famous writer hole still no matter what national botanical garden “Shimen temple”.

We now look at the Confucian temple.

Confucian temple, also called to the Confucian temple, is sacrificial offering Kong Zi and its Madame Qi Guanshi and 72 talented people's place. The Confucian temple with Beijing's Imperial Palace, the Hebei Chende city summer vacation mountain village and calls Chinese three big ancient architectural complexes. The expert delivered four speeches to the Confucian temple: The construction time most remote, greatest, the preservation most complete, the Eastern construction characteristic is most prominent. Is worthy of looking at two questions from the Confucian temple: One is Kong Zi to Chinese and even the Eastern culture tremendous contribution; Two is China has the skilled craftsman in the history.

The Confucian temple beginning constructs in 478 B.C., the second year which Kong Zi died constructs the temple. Constructs temple three in the Kong Zi former dwelling, exhibits Kong Zi's clothes, the vehicle, the book and so on, “when year old offers sacrifices”. All previous dynasties emperor all has the extension to the Confucian temple, counts overhaul 15, center repairs 31 times, the minor repair several hundred time achieves present the scale. The Confucian temple imitates system of the imperial palace construction, divides three groups layouts, nine courtyards, have altogether had house 466, gate pavilion 54, the thing relatively pass through in an axle wire, has nearly thousand, 327.5 Chinese acres, long amounts to two Chinese miles 150 meters. Now saw the Confucian temple is the bright Hongzhi year scale. After the liberation the country allocates funds to service the protection many times. Our country first batch announcement nation key cultural relic preservation organ, in December, 1994 included the world culture inheritance, becomes cultural relic unit which the United Nations protected, Confucian temple construction time remote, scale great, integrity of the preserved really was the world to be rare.

Shinto. “Wan Rengong wall” front copal vigorous this Duan Luwei “Shinto”. In front of the important temple all has the respect quick road which specially opens, is called “Shinto”.

Wan Rengong wall. This gate is Qufu Ming Chengzheng the Nanmen, also is the Confucian temple together gate, on hangs “Wan Rengong the wall” four large brush-written Chinese characters, is the clear Emperor Qian Long's imperial brush. It originates from the Kong Zi self-satisfied disciple child tribute. When Lu country congress feudal lord, some people proposed child tribute knowledge broad and profound, may place on a par with Kong Zi, the sub- tribute in the field, stands up immediately said, I may not dare with my Mr./Mrs. Kong Zi compared to, human's knowledge is just like a wall, my this wall only has one high, my teacher's wall has the number to be many. Meant that, my knowledge was equal to a shoulder chief is high, clear not any abstruse; Kong Zi's knowledge has my several fold to be many, passes through the detailed research, the comprehensive discussion, can understand he complete after, crossed the threshold, can see America of the ancestor temple, outside the gate you is blind. The posterity in order to describe Kong Zi's knowledge profound, wall of number from the master , “hundred ”, “thousand ” seals Kong Zi to the Ming Dynasty emperor is “the world civil official host, all previous dynasties king teacher”, seals the Kong Zi knowledge to have “ten thousand ”, extols the Kong Zi knowledge to have 10,000 eight feet, upward looked, blind goes against, also said this wall deep wall high rampart is extremely firm. These four characters originally write for the bright imperial envoy, Qian Long for expressed he Kong Zi the value, kissed the book “Wan Rengong the wall” to exchange his imperial brush.

Jin Shengyu inspires the work place. This work place constructs at the Ming Dynasty, is expresses the Kong Zi knowledge exquisite and perfect, is similar to entire process which plays music, the integrity is from beginning to end complete. The ancient music is by strikes a gong the start, the clock gets up “beginning orderliness also”, is strikes Qing to come to an end, “the jade inspires” the sound which falls for Qing, was called “end orderliness also”, praises Kong Zi's knowledge is the collection first accomplishing of the virtuous sages, therefore called “Jin Shenger the jade inspires also”, “the golden sound” the clock sound, the beginning, “the jade inspires” Qing's sound, the end. This also is the management wants “to finish what one starts” the idiom origin. “Jin Shengyu inspires” is the Ming Dynasty storytelling legalist school Hu Zuanzong the topic decides.

“Two cypress take on”. Crosses the jade to inspire work place this stone arch bridge, the thing respectively has a copal, therefore the person “two cypress take on”. This bridge said that, “泮 the water bridge” the basin water is interlinked with the temporary palace nearby, because the historical novel is “hopes the water”. In the past read book of the Confucius and Mencius, tested the institute of higher education to call “to enter hopes”, served as an official hopes rises high, made business to hope gets rich, crossed the day to hope prosperously.

Discontinues the tablet. Outside the temple wall the thing respectively sets up a stele, in 1191 specially vertical discontinued the tablet, got down the tablet. The west tablet early destroys, east side on this tablet writes “the official person to discontinue and so on to this”. Under in the past the civil and military officials, the common people common people henceforth passed by discontinue on foot but the line, shows to Kong Zi, the Confucian temple respect.

Lattice star gate. The Ming Dynasty constructs, in 1754 repaired, by wooden changed the iron stone. “The lattice star gate” is the Qian Long imperial brush. Hands down the space galaxy “to have the twenty-eight lunar mansions”, among, has to govern cultural the star to be called “the lattice star”, the other name “Star ”, “the day inspires the star”, contacts with Kong Zi and the space tube culture star, Shuowen melts the aspect he is highest, if the past offered sacrifice to heaven, needed first to offer a sacrifice to “Star ”, had reveres Kong Ruzun the day the view.

Too with vitality work place. This work place was the Ming Dynasty in 1544 constructs, extremely approved Kong Zi's thought, advocated was similar to “the outer space universe to be able to nurture the myriad things. Gathering of the world, gathering of the four directions, gathering of the masculine and feminine elements ”, the name“ too and ”the gas is the most basic thing, the universe too and, vitality of the world. “Too with the vitality” was the Shandong governor once the mill handwritten letter.

To Confucian temple work place. The Ming Dynasty constructs “to the Confucian temple work place”, is the white marble, on plays the part of the flame no. 3 gunpowder tea.

German world, Daoist monk's cap ancient and modern. This Daoist temple thing respectively constructs a very unusual memorial arch to the lining, the wooden angle surrounds, thousand first ten thousand continues, gets down has eight , is called “day Long Shenshi”, hands down its dignified inspiration, may drive out evilly, is just. East side the memorial arch submits a written statement: “The German world”, said Kong Zi's thought advocated is similar to profoundly for humanity's advantage, the merit can compare with the world. The west memorial arch submits a written statement “the Daoist monk's cap ancient and modern”, approves the Kong Zi thought, the means ancient and modern all is the unparalleled crown.

When saint gate. Three compound, four circuit intendant all same, central . This naming originates from Mencius, to the ancient times four sages , under Iraqi Yin, the willow tree favored, Kong Zi, Mencius four sages' saint mark inductions is four speeches: clear saint also, Iraqi Yin saint no matter what also, under the willow tree favors sum of the saint also, when Kong Zi saint. “When saint” extremely approves the Kong Zi thought to advocate prolonged does not fade, is sage which suits the time. Emperor comes Qufu “to kowtow the big ritual” towards Kong Yaoxing, walks when the saint gate; All previous dynasties “spread out the saint male” when the birth opens “when the saint the gate”, besides these two kind of situations, this not easily opens. All walks the quick G gate, the supine wealthy and prominent family.

The quick G gate, takes considers it a pleasure to be among the first to read meaning. Kong Zi's knowledge “the Five Classics four books”, who first studies who first to have the culture, who first studies who first to have the knowledge, struggles the study, to first reads as by the foresight joyfully.

Supine wealthy and prominent family. Praises a Kong Zi's section of speeches naming according to Yan Hui. Yan Hui said that, road of the master, supine makes up high, drills it to make up firmly. Upwardly approves the Kong Zi knowledge blind to go against, calls “to make up high”, studies the writings in classical style to be very difficult, calls “to make up firmly”, is high is not unattainable, is definitely may learn after the endeavor. Yan Hui said “master however, friendly are attractive, is abundant I by the article, said me by the ritual.” My teacher teaches with skill and patience, teaches me by the culture, executes me by the courtesy.

Chinese . In the supine wealthy and prominent family in the alcove has two historical values very high Chinese , is “the pavilion is long”, (the Han Dynasty place waiter), dying of the government office gate, all is in front of Lu Wangmu guards. is taken by all previous dynasties inscription on stone tablet and bronze scientist, to studies the Han Dynasty clothing and the writing has the important value.

Liquid gold bridge, this bridge, with Imperial Palace's in front of bridge of the same name, calls the liquid gold bridge, also is called the blue water bridge, three arrangements, the green water ripples.

Great road gate. Crosses the liquid gold bridge is the Ming Dynasty emperor ordered by the emperor personally “the great road gate”, takes “Confucian analects” center “the person to be able greatly to say, non- road great person” meaning. Kong Zi is an ordinary writer, why becomes the sage? Approved Kong Zi to summarize first the virtuous sages' experience, especially has brought honor to the Yao and Shun soup, road of the civil and military Duke of Zhou. “The person can greatly say that, said the person can direct creates all, the non- road great person, certainly is not all direction people, this is praises person's subjective initiative.” The great road hanger-on had two steles, the east side four tablets is “the Qufu all previous dynasties evolution will” has recorded the Qufu evolution vicissitude history, a Yuan generation of institute stood, the historical data value was very high, the west was “scholar out of government employment gentleman the inscription”, had the very high calligraphy value.

Major and medium gate. The major and medium gate is the Song Dynasty Confucian temple front door, was called “center and the gate”, Italy for uses Kong Zi's thought processing question all to be possible to be easily solved. The the Ming Dynasty extension temple renames “the major and medium gate”, approves Kong Zi's knowledge is accomplishing of the collection humanity knowledge, center, takes “the doctrine of the mean” meaning, “center correct path of the world, theorem of the commonplace world”, center the agonic, is commonplace is not easy. Leaves, is not the correct path, has become the evil road, the crooked gate. Is said is not left is not right, the fair correct path, to front is a doctrine of the mean. Major and medium gate thing two have watchtower two is guards the Confucian temple to use.

Same text gate, four big name brands, Confucian temple chart. Enters in the major and medium gate about to have four big tablets. The west bright Hongzhi tablet, says three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues ethics. Right flank the Hongzhi tablet has the the Ming Dynasty talented person Hunan Changsha Li Dongyang to draw up “the Confucian temple chart” the value to be very high.

The Cheng Hua tablet, is the Ming Dynasty Cheng Hua Emperor Zhu Jianshen stands. Some two situations bring to all previous dynasties everybody celebrity's attention. One is the Cheng Hua tablet character writes, the standardization, the standardization well, exquisitely makes the person, the typeface writing technique to have “is world-famous” the evaluation; Two, appraises to Kong Zi high, all previous dynasties emperor all has the comment to Kong Zi, appraises high is Emperor Cheng Hua, he Kong Zi's thought, the means compares with eats meal, puts on the clothes, spends, one day also could not leave, had Kong Zi's truth and the means, could enable each person to develop his talents, thing it used, its strength, otherwise messed up. Said has road of the Kong Zi to have the world, road of the Kong Zi has not had the world, road of the counter- Kong Zi loses the world. If the inscribed text stated that, “Road of the my only Kong Zi, the world on first cannot not have , has road of the Kong Zi then the three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues but ethics is just bright, the myriad things take their proper place.. Road of the Kong Zi in the world like cloth , the livelihood of the people daily expense cannot be left vacant for the time being.. Inborn Kong Zi vertical is the saint, lives in the peaceful good justice and humanity, the teacher road emerges, from swims 3000, is continues.”

Same text gate. Takes “the person concentriily” meaning of the character same text. Is says works with concerted efforts, unites as one the only then competent good deed industry; The writing must unify, has the unification the writing to be able to record the historical dissemination experience, makes the character to be able at will to mess up. The same text gate is the Kuiwen Geqian important barrier.

The Kui article Chinese style pavilion, originally is a library, is the collection books place. Constructed to Song Tianxi two years (in 1018), Jin Zhangzong repaired when changed “the Kui article Chinese style pavilion”. This unique grand construction, completely is the lignin structure, calls the orphaned example in the Chinese building construction. After several earthquakes, the Kui article Chinese style pavilion has not shaken destroys. The clear Kanghsi 5 years earthquake “ten houses but actually have nine, saving has one, the Kui article Chinese style pavilion is gorgeously motionless”. The the Ming Dynasty board of personnel Shangshu Li Dongyang has specially written “Kuiwen Gefu”, approves Kuiwen Ge the construction research value. Is under the porch eastern end this tablet.

In front of the pavilion this thing two courtyards stated that, “The room sleeps”, is place which the sacrificial offering personnel fasts, to bathe. East the courtyard is spreads out the saint male room to sleep the institute, clear Kanghsi, Qian Long offers a sacrifice to when the hole all sleeps in the east room washes the hands and face. West the courtyard is from offers a sacrifice to personnel's room to sleep. Kong Zi 71 generation of Sun Kongzhao fumigates the temple in Song, Yuan, is bright, the clear five dynasty does obeisance the Confucian temple tablet more than 130 centralisms to mount in the courtyard wall, therefore west the room sleeps calls the tablet courtyard.

13 tablets pavilions. This is the Confucian temple sixth enters the courtyard, in the pavilion stands has 55 tablets, is Tang, Song, the gold, Yuan, bright, clear and so on the dynasty stands, its content all is emperor, the imperial envoy does obeisance the hole, to Kong Zi , the appraisal, successively repairs the Confucian temple the record, has the Chinese, is full, Mongolia, eight thinks writing and so on Pakistan article. South north eights five, therefore calls 13 tablets pavilions, because all is authorizes the vertical tablet by emperor, therefore calls the imperial tablet pavilion. East gets up the front row third, 62 alcoves is the Jin Dynasty constructs, is construction which our country extant cannot be seen. Every is seeks with P the edict reason all calls “the imperial tablet”. “P pen Qiang is auspicious, fable Dragon King has nine, it is 8th, it loves” the article “, is good at carrying a heavy load, the stele has the writing but heavily to suit its characteristic, the image should for the main item, the turtle body, the hawk leg, the snake tail.

North east gets up this third alcove is Emperor Kanghsi the vertical tablet. The Beijing Xishan picks the stone passes through Grand Canal, south the economy transports here. The expert calculates this tablet 130,000 catty heavy, along the way sprinkled the hydrogel from Jining, slid on the ice, sometimes one day only walked lies place of the cow. The Qufu book has the stone not to use, must ship in from Beijing, shows emperor to Kong Zi the value. Southeast this courtyard, west Namhkok has a piece all is nobles and ministers repairs the temple, does obeisance the hole the record, the calligraphy value is very high.

This courtyard thing respectively has to the lining, east is ”the Yu essence gate“, west is ”the view Germany gate“. Is named , the Xihua gate.

The Confucian temple divides into three groups layouts by here, this five, center are together ”accomplishes the gate“, left side is ”the gold 声门“, right side is ”the jade inspires the gate“, again is ”opens Confucianism“ toward the west, again is ”receives Confucianism“ toward the east. Accomplishes the gate the construction structure is , manipulates strategically”. Middle inserts is “cancels the heart”, about four jiao points look carefully go against are “fight the angle”. Accomplishes the gate three characters is Emperor Yong Zheng's imperial brush. Approves Kong Zi is the collection sages first virtuous accomplishing, has achieved the supreme boundary.

My deceased teacher plants personally the Chinese juniper. Accomplishes in the gate left side this tall and straight vigorous Chinese juniper tree, is Confucius plants personally. According to record: Kong Zi cut three Chinese junipers trees in here, Jin Zhenyou two years (in 1214) has destroyed to the warfare, the tree is dry and also sends new, once “three dry three glory”, had “the Chinese juniper tree date cyclopentadiene Kong date was popular” the view. During bright ten thousand all previous years talented person Yang Guang taught the topic to write “my deceased teacher to plant personally the Chinese juniper” five large brush-written Chinese characters.

Two corridors. During these two sides coordinated two row of houses, altogether 80, were called “the thing ”, consecrates 72 talented people's places. Kong Zi is known as disciple 3000, the body passes 72 people which the six arts skilleds with both the pen and sword, consecrates in the thing . All previous dynasties kings all have seal match enjoy virtuously first. If Dong Zhongshu, Han Yu, Wang Ming are positive, Zhuge Liang, the invader, Yue Fei and so on. Has sealed to to 156. Last first virtuous is Mr. Liang Qichao. The original cast, the memorial tablet, latter all changes the wooden memorial tablet. The thing present exhibited is the collection Song Dynasty before center expensive carved stone. Duke of Zhou trains one's son, the bat practices medicine and so on, the most precious national treasure has Chinese Wei to face stele carving 22 especially high, the calligraphy value “the sacrificial vessel tablet”, “the second grade beautiful jade tablet”, “Shi Chenbei”, Zhang Menglong the tablet “, Mi Fubei” and so on all is the rare valuable thing. West 庑 exhibited more than 100 blocks “the Chinese to draw the carved stone”, all was for a long time has the great reputation the artistic valuable thing, was studies the Chinese, Wei and so on the history social life rare precious material. East northmost part is exhibiting 584 carved stone, is jade rainbow Lou Fatie which Kong Zi 69 generation of Sun Kongji writes.

Place where Confucius lectured. This is for commemorates Kong Zi to lecture constructs. Kong Zi initially was under the big apricot tree lectures in the local station for the disciples. When Song Dynasty in 1018, the Kong Zi 45 generation of passageways auxiliary edited the Confucian temple, after moved the extension the main hall, constructed the pavilion in the main hall former site, the link plants by the apricot, the name says “the place where Confucius lectured”. The place where Confucius lectured two characters, are the Jin Dynasty famous writer party bosom England seal scripts. In the pavilion has Emperor Qian Long the imperial brush “the place where Confucius lectured to approve”, this is he first time comes Qufu to write. Qian Long writes the plaque, the antithetical couplet, the scroll which writes and so on in Qufu has 50 place.

Accomplishes the palace. This is the Confucian temple , it with Beijing's Imperial Palace too with palace, the Tai'an day palace and calls the East three big constructions, also calls the East three main halls. What the value high history is long accomplishes the palace. Palace height 24.8 meters, extravagant 45.7 meters, deep 24.89 meters. Four has 28 the dragon column which carves with the entire stone, the exquisite workmanship, the attainments is very deep. Especially the palace 10 deep reliefs roll the dragon column actually world rarely, 10 pillars 20 dragons, about to fly in circles, the ascension coils around a play bead, the manner respectively differently, does not have one identically, more looked more has moves Italy, on the stone is vividly lifelike. This is the Huizhou artisan's masterpiece. Emperor comes when Qufu faces the hole, Kong Jia all use Huang Lingba long Zhuguo to get up, does not let emperor directly see the dragon column, because has surpassed the throne room, feared emperor is not happy, performs to blame. Other 18 columns are the bas-relief dragon column, surface engraves nine dragons, each pillar eight , 8,972 dragons total carve 1,296 dragons. This is the rare carved stone art treasure. Always looks at accomplishes the palace grand magnificent sight.

Five saints 12 sages. Accomplishes in the palace to consecrate 17 pictures.

Five big sages. Highest sage Kong Zi, Italy is in sage's sage, supreme. Confucius in central, the head wears 12 crowns, wears 12 chapter of kings to take, grasps shakes the jade tablet, dignified is solemn and respectful, causes the person to have profound respect for. Two sides are four match: East side is the duplicate saint face, states the saint to think; The west is ancestor saint Tsengtzu, Mencius. Eastern end six, western end six, called 12 sages, have the child tribute, the sub- road, Ran Qiu and so on 11 Kong Zi's disciple, some is Song Dynasty Zhu Xi, renowned Five Classics four books explanations good, is sealed as the sage. “The people has not had” the plaque, is Mencius approves Kong Zi, said “the people has not had abundantly to Kong Zi also”. Since has had the humanity, but also does not have comprehensively to surpass Kong Zi the person, therefore calls “the people not to have”. “The model for all generations” will be the Kanghsi topic writes, seals Kong Zi is “teacher of Emperor the Wan Shi, table of the eternity humanity, emperor's teacher, will make person's model.” “Refined is Guang Xu writes in this”, Italy for world culture all in here.

Bedroom palace. Consecrates the Kong Zi Madame Qi Guanshi special palace. Is the Confucian temple third big construction. Qi Guanshi the song person (Henan business earthen mound), 19 years old marry Kong Zi, latter gives birth to a boy the hole carp , early the Kong Zi 7 years died, are sealed “highest sage my deceased teacher madame”, equally enjoy the sacrificial offering with Kong Zi. Around the bedroom palace on 28 stone columns carves the phoenix, each pillar engraves phoenix 72, is same with the dragon quantity, calls Longfeng to be a good omen.

Saint mark palace. Has recorded Kong Zi's fact by the carved stone picture-and-story book form. Some 120 Wen Tu and the cyclopentadiene carved stone, is the Kong Zi descendant with the the Ming Dynasty governor censor what light management construction. Carves by the Wu county famous picture labor chapter of grass drawing, inlays on the palace inner wall. Is integrity picture-and-story book which the our country first person, the article concurrently has. Has the very high history and the artistic value. The palace frontage “the model for all generations” is the Kanghsi imperial brush, center Kong Zi big Si Guanxiang is the Tang Dynasty big painter Wu line picture. The palace eastern end is Kanghsi faces the hole the imperial tablet, the western end has the Jin synonym painter to attend to picture of the Joy Kong Zi line to teach the picture, the custom called “master 小影” most approach Kong Zi's appearance characteristic. Also has Song Dynasty everybody Mi Fu to approve Kong Zi's small seal script: “Kong Zi Kong Zi big ah Kong Zi, sub- before will already not have Kong Zi, Kong Zi later does not have Kong Zi, Kong Zi Kong Zi big ah Kong Zi”. Explicit saying, Kong Zi is great! Unequalled,

The Confucian temple west road is the sacrifice Kong Zi parents' place. His/her father Uncle Liang 纥, mother Yan Zheng in, emperor seals for opens saint Madame Wang Heqi saint Wang, constructs has opens construction and so on saint Wang Dian, bedroom palace, gold thread hall.

The Confucian temple east road, around two parts, the front courtyard is the Kong Zi former dwelling, has “Kong Zhaigu the well”, Kong Zi nine generation of Sun Kongfu book collection place “the Lu wall”, now saw the Confucian classics, sets up the first-class honor should is “the Lu wall”. For commemorated Kong Zi to educate its sub- studies has constructed “the poem assembly hall”, Kong Zi said “study the poem did not have by the word, the character ritual did not have stands”, Italy could not speak for study the poem, study the ritual did not understand how set up the body matter. In the poem assembly hall has renowned sculptor Mr. Shi Ke to make by cutting imitates the Chinese to draw the carved stone “the saint mark chart”. The rear court is honors the saint ancestral hall, five generation of ancestral halls, on sacrificial offering Kong Zi five generation of ancestors' ancestral temples.

Fellow gentlemen, the Confucian temple resembles historical, the knowledge school, because the time is limited, we only looked mainly, I am the distress must introduce. Kong Zi is the sage, also is the great traveling, travels around the row country for 14 years, propagandizes him to practice moral culture, QiJia, rules a nation the even world knowledge, has collected the precious material. The concerned sage's vestige are very many, is worth as soon as looking very much. We are together the time although to be short, but the friendship exists forever, hoped each position has the opportunity to come Qufu to go sightseeing again, we certainly serve well.

The Confucian temple saw here, thanks everybody the cooperation, welcome you again.

看过“三孔英语导游词 ”的还看了:

篇12：推荐经典三孔景区导游词

孔子，字孔丘，春秋时代鲁国人，也就是曲阜人，名丘，字仲尼，生于公元前551年，死于公元前479年，享年73岁。孔子3岁时，父亲叔梁纥去世，16岁时，母亲颜征在去世，少年孔子成了孤儿，开始了他在等级森严的封建社会中独自谋生、学习和奋斗的一生。

孔子在少年发奋自学，勤而好问，青年时代便掌握了参与贵族政治必须熟悉的礼、乐、射、御、书、数六艺，进而掌握了《诗》、《书》、《礼》、《乐》、《易》、《春秋》六经的内容，为创立儒家文化奠定了基础。

孔子他30岁设学授徒，开始了漫长的教育生涯，他首开中国私人讲学、面向民众，提倡“有教无类”之风，成为中国第一位，也是世界上第一位伟大的教育家。

孔子在他51岁时，才做了中都县令，后来曾在鲁摄相事，然而时间不长，他便辞了官，离开鲁国开始了他长达的周游列国之行。

孔子他在68岁时回到鲁国，他把几乎全部精力放在了教学和文献整理上，一直到死。孔子的一生是颠沛流离，饱经忧患的一生，是艰苦卓绝、激励奋发的一生，是春风化雨，培育英才的一生，是著书立说，济时救世的一生。如今，他的躯体虽已灰飞烟灭，但他的思想，却潜入每个东方人的心灵，他熔铸了中华民族的个性和品格，随着历史的发展和社会的进步，孔子还将引导着人类，跨向21世纪。

曲阜的文物古迹和旅游景点很多，大部分与孔子和孔子文化有关。现在我们所在的位置是曲阜明故城的正南门外，城门的北面是被称为中国三大古建筑群之一的孔庙。城门的正上方有“万仞宫墙”4个大字。“仞”是古代的长度单位，一仞约等于8尺。据说，有人称赞孔子的弟子子贡很有学问，子贡听说以后，就说：“人的学问好比宫墙，我的学问只有墙头这么高，人们一看便会看见墙内的一切，而我的老师孔子的这道墙有数仞，不找到它的门是不能看到墙内宗庙之美丽、房舍的多种多样”。后人为表达对孔子的敬仰，明代胡缵宗就写了“万仞宫墙”4个字镶在城门上，清代乾隆皇帝为了显示自己对孔子的崇拜，又把胡碑取下，换上了自己写的“万仞宫墙”4个大字。这就是“万仞宫墙”的来历。

孔庙是后人为祭祀孔子而修建的庙宇，始建于孔子死后第2年。面积有327.5亩，仿皇宫之制，分九进院落，左右对称排列，整个建筑群共有五殿、一阁、一坛、两庑、两堂、17座碑亭、54座门坊共466间，南北长约1公里。孔庙恢宏壮丽，面积之大，历史之久，保存之完整，是世界建筑史上的唯一孤例。

孔庙的第一座石坊叫“金声玉振坊”。孟子对孔子曾有过这样的评价，他说：“孔子之谓集大成，集大成者，金声而玉振之也”。“金声、玉振”表示奏乐的全过程，以击钟开始，以击磐告终，比喻孔子的思想集古圣先贤之大成。石坊上面莲花宝座上各刻有一个独角怪兽称“辟邪”，也叫“朝天吼”，这是封建社会王爵府第才可使用的饰物。

孔庙的第一道门叫“棂星门”。“棂星”又名天田星，古人祭天，先要祭棂星。“棂星门”三个字为乾隆所书。“太和元气”坊同“金声玉振”坊差不多，题字为明代山东巡抚曾铣手书，赞颂孔子思想如同天地生育万物。此院东西各有一座腰门，东边上书“德侔天地一样大，他的学说古今来说都是最好的”。这座门叫“圣时门”，由此住里，有博大精深、深不可测之感。“圣时”二字，取《孟子.万章下》，“孔子，圣之时者也”句，意思是说，在圣人之中，孔子是最适合时代者。

篇13：关于曲阜三孔导游词

女士们，先生们:大家好!欢迎来到曲阜。曲阜是中国古代伟大的思想家、政治家、教育家孔子的故乡。它是中国首批24个历史文化名城之一。孔子有句名言:“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。”今天，我很高兴成为你们的导游。我会尽力为您提供满意的服务，不足之处，敬请批评指正。

在参观“三空”之前，请允许我介绍一下曲阜的概况。

曲阜位于山东中山区与山东西南平原交界处，北临泰山，南临沂蒙山，东临连邑县，西临黔楚平原。地势东高西低。四河和一河自东向西流。自古以来，就有“圣人门前的死水”的说法。产品丰富，景色宜人。李白，一位伟大的诗人，曾形容曲阜“笑死者意味着绝望的环境，风景是绿色的和蓝色的”。

曲阜历史悠久。早在五六千年前，我们的祖先就在这里繁衍生息，创造了人类早期文明。在众多的古籍中，炎帝和邵武迁移到曲阜。黄帝出生在寿秋(曲阜以东8英里)，顺在寿秋被记载为史记。可见，中国古代影响最大的三位皇帝和五位皇帝中有四位在曲阜留下了足迹。虽然这是一个传说，但并不是没有根据的。从境内保存的20多处大汶口、龙山文化遗址中，我们仍能看到祖先征服自然的遗迹。曲阜最早见于礼记。东汉应县解释说:“鹿城的东边有赋，渭河有七八英里长，所以叫曲阜。”商朝初期，曲阜是商朝著名的属地，是商朝的重要属地。周朝时，曲阜是鲁国的首都，已有800多年历史，是当时中国重要的政治、经济和文化中心。春秋时期，孔子开创了私人讲座的形式。“三千弟子，七十二圣人”遍布全国，成为当时的教育中心。鲁国是曲阜历史上的黄金时期。它在世界上被称为“礼仪之邦”。因此，山东省仍然使用“陆”作为其缩写。在公元前249年西汉鲁国的都城，秦朝属薛县，魏晋南北朝为鲁国所辖。隋炀帝十六年(5)，曲阜首次被命名为县。宋代改称咸源县，晋代恢复曲阜县的名称。1986年，县制撤销后，曲阜被称为曲阜市。它占地890平方公里，人口60多万。曲阜历史悠久，文化灿烂，留下了大量的文物古迹，主要有110处。其中，孔庙遗址、孔府遗址、孔林遗址、鲁国古城遗址等被列为首批全国重点文物保护单位，11处被列为全省重点文物保护单位。1994年，“三公”被联合国列为世界文化遗产。

新中国成立后,特别是党的十一届三中全会以来,中国共产党第十一届中央委员会,党和国家领导人非常关注曲阜的文物和古迹,和国家分配超过3000万元的综合修复“三孔”。近年来,为了大力发展旅游业,曲阜先后开发并建造了一个新的旅游景点,如孔子六艺术城市,《论语》中柱花园,繁荣的华夏文化的城市,形成了一个人文和自然景观,将旧的和新的景点,反映出旅游资源的新模式,成为文化旅游景点,中国和外国游客渴望。

孔庙的第一个石头广场叫做“金生玉镇广场”。孟子曾经这样评价孔子。他说:“孔子被称为大师，大师，金嗓子，玉振。”“金声玉振”指的是演奏音乐的全过程，从敲钟开始，到敲石结束，是孔子对古代圣贤和圣贤的伟大成就的隐喻。在石头广场上方的莲花宝座上，有一只独角兽，名叫“辟邪”或“怒吼”

篇14：关于曲阜三孔导游词

“孔庙、孔府、孔林”并称“三孔”，是国家第一批重点文物保护单位，1994年被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。5月8日，孔子故里——曲阜(三孔)旅游区经国家旅游局正式批准为国家5A级旅游景区。“孔庙、孔府、孔林”既是中国古代推崇儒家思想的象征和标志，也是研究中国历史、文化、艺术的重要实物。

孔庙：始建于公元前478年，是中国现存规模仅次于故宫的古建筑群，堪称中国古代大型祠庙建筑的典范，是中国三大古建筑群之一，在世界建筑史上占有重要地位。孔庙共有九进院落，纵向轴线贯穿整座建筑，左右对称，布局严谨，纵长630米，横宽140米，有殿、堂、坛、阁460多间，门坊54座，“御碑亭”13座，占地面积约9600平方米。孔庙内的圣迹殿、十三碑亭及大成殿东西两庑，陈列着大量碑碣石刻，特别是这里保存的汉碑，在全国是数量最多的，历代碑刻亦不乏珍品，其碑刻之多仅次西安碑林，所以它有我国第二碑林之称。

孔府：也称“衍圣公府”，是孔子嫡系长孙历代衍圣公的官衙住宅。孔子后代赐爵始于公元前195年(汉高祖十二年)，随着历代帝王对孔子后代赐封的不断升高，孔府的建筑规模也不断扩大，宋仁宗宝元元年(公元1038年) 开始扩建孔府，明嘉靖年间又改建，奠定了今天的规模，成为我国仅次于北京故宫的贵族府第，号称“天下第一家”。孔府占地16万平方米，有楼轩厅堂463间，院落九进，布局分东、西、中三路：东路为家祠所在地，报本堂、桃庙等;西路为衍圣公读书、学诗学礼、燕居吟咏和会客之所，忠恕堂、安怀堂，南北花厅为招待一般来宾的客室;中路是孔府的主体部分，前为官衙，设三堂六厅，后为内宅，最后是花园。孔府内存大批历史文物，最著名的是“商周十器”, 亦称“十供”，形制古雅，纹饰精美，原为宫廷所藏青铜礼器，清于乾隆三十六年赏赐孔府。还存有金石、陶瓷、竹木、牙雕、玉雕、珍珠、玛瑙、珊瑚以及元、明、清各代各式衣冠剑履、袍笏器皿，另有历代名人字画，其中元代七梁冠为国内仅存。孔府是我国封建社会中典型的官衙与内宅合一的贵族府邸。

孔林：又称至圣林，是孔子及其子孙后代的家族墓地，孔林现有坟冢10万余座，是世界上延时最久、规模最大的家族墓地。孔林还可称为是一座天然植物园。相传孔子去逝后，“弟子各以四方奇木来植，故多异树”，林内现有各类古树名木10万余株，上千类花草树木，争相斗艳。孔林又称得上名副其实的露天博物馆。在万木掩映的孔林中，碑石如林，石仪成群，各种墓碑、题记4000余块，石仪、门坊300余座。除一批著名汉碑移入孔庙外，林内尚有李格非、吴宽、黄养正、严嵩、孔尚任、桂馥、翁方钢、何绍基、阮元、施润章、康有为等著名人士及孔子嫡系后裔题写的墓碑文。这里既可考春秋之葬，证秦汉之墓，又可研究我国历代经济、文化发展和丧葬风俗的演变。

篇15：推荐经典三孔景区导游词

山东曲阜的“三孔”——孔庙、孔府、孔林驰名中外，它是我国思想家、教育家、儒家创始人孔子的故乡。这里以丰厚的文化积淀、悠久历史、宏大规模、丰富文物珍藏，以及科学艺术价值而著称而吸引着游客，今年我就去贵宝地畅游了一番。

走进大门，“金声玉振”四个大字在阳光的照射下闪闪生辉。这个石门有着怎样的由来呢?孟子对孔子有过这样的评价:“孔子之谓集大成。集大成者，金声而玉振之也。金声也者，始条理也;玉振之也者，终条理也”。“金声”、“玉振”表示奏乐的全过程，以击钟(金声)开始，以击磐(玉振)告终。以此象征孔子思想集古圣先贤之大成，赞颂孔子对文化的巨大贡献。为了纪念这个小典故，后人把孔庙门前的第一座石坊命名为“金声玉振”。

孔庙的奎文阁是值得一看的地址，它是我过四大名阁之一。它高23.35米,阔30.1米,深17.62米,黄瓦歇山顶，三重飞檐,四层斗栱。内部两层，中夹暗层，层叠式构架，底层木柱上施斗栱,斗栱上再立上层木柱。奎文阁结构合理，固坚异常，自公元15重修以来，经受了几百年风风雨雨的侵袭和多次地震的摇撼，虽然康熙年间的大地震使曲阜“人间房屋倾者九，存者一”，而奎文阁坚固的旁证仍然无恙，岿然屹立，不愧为我国著名的古代木结构建筑之一。奎文阁前有两座御碑亭，亭内外共有四幢明代御碑。每幢高6米多，宽2米多，碑下的龟趺高1米多。碑额精雕盘龙，绕日盘旋栩栩如生，碑文内容多是尊崇孔子。

从孔子讲学的杏坛北望，在双层石栏的台基上一座金黄色的大殿突兀凌空，双重飞檐中海兰色的竖匾上木刻贴金的群龙紧紧团护着3个金色大字“大成殿”。大成殿是孔庙的主殿，大殿结构简洁整齐，重檐飞翘，雕梁画栋，金碧辉煌，饰以云龙图案，祥云缭绕，群龙竞飞。四周廊下环立28根雕龙石柱，均以整石刻成。前檐的10根为深浮雕，每柱两龙对翔，盘绕升腾，中刻宝珠，四绕云焰，柱脚缀以山石，衬以波涛。10根龙柱两两相对，各具变化。无一雷同，造型优美生动，雕刻玲珑剔透，刀法刚劲有力，龙姿栩栩如生。这可是曲阜独有的石刻艺术瑰宝!

孔府与孔庙为邻，是孔子世袭“衍圣公”的世代嫡裔子孙居住的地方，孔府占地246多亩，是我国仅次于明、清皇帝宫室的最大府第。有厅、堂、楼、轩等各式建筑463间。

出了孔庙往北，就是占第面积为3000余亩的孔林，它是孔子及后代的家族墓地。园内古木森森，林下墓家累累，碑蝎林立，石仪成队。

曲阜三孔，宏伟壮丽，是歌颂古人的崇高思想文化;曲阜三孔，中外闻名，是我家乡山东的一颗耀眼明珠!

篇16：推荐经典三孔景区导游词

不知道您读没读过《论语》，那上面开篇有一句话叫“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎”。那么我就以孔子的这句名言，热烈地欢迎您来孔子的故乡曲阜参观游览。下面，就由我陪同各位游览并进行导游服务，非常感谢您的合作，并衷心地希望您对我的工作多提出批评意见。

在来曲阜之前,许多朋友可能已对曲阜和孔子有了不少的了解,但也有的朋友知道的并不十分详细,现在,我就在进入景点之前,先把曲阜和孔子的情况简要介绍一下。

曲阜位于中国山东省西南部，现有人中62万其中城区人口10万，面积约890平方公里。“曲阜”二字始见于《尔雅》一书，东汉应邵解释说：鲁城中有阜，委曲长七八里，故名“曲阜”。宋真宗大中祥符5年，也就是公元10，为了纪念中华民族的始祖轩辕黄帝出生在曲阜，曾一度改名“仙源”县，金太宗天会7年(公元1129年)，又复名曲阜，沿用至今。曲阜是一个小城，然而，曲阜又是一座有着五千年文明史的文化古城，在这片神圣而又古老的土地上，中国远古传说中的三皇五帝，竟有四人在这里留下了踪迹。据《史记》、《帝王世纪》等史书记载：“黄帝生于寿丘”，“少昊自穷桑登帝位，称都曲阜，崩葬云阳山”，现在曲阜城东8里，仍留下座金字塔式的坟墓--少昊陵。中国有句俗话说道“人往高处走，水往低处流”，我们是不是可以理解为我们中华民族的祖先从这里，从黄河中下游向中原，向黄土高原迁徙的过程，而我们的母亲之河，黄河、长江，从黄土高原之上奔腾而下，一泻千里，最后汇入大海呢!中国还有句古话叫“江南出才子，江北出圣人”，实际上，江北的圣人几乎全出自曲阜。在中国封建时代，受到皇帝赐封的圣人一共有6位，他们分别为至圣孔子、亚圣孟子、复圣颜子、述圣子思、宗圣曾子、元圣周公，头4位都出生在曲阜，后两位一位是孔子的弟子，一位是封地在曲阜，周公的后世33代曾在鲁国为国君，至今山东称鲁，即起于此。现在曲阜地上地下文物众多，文化灿烂，有国家级文物古迹4处，省级11处，市级100余处。1982年曲阜被国务院公布为全国首批24个历史文化名城之一，1994年曲阜“三孔”被联合国正式列为世界文化遗产。由于曲阜对东方文化的重要贡献，不少人称曲阜为世界三大圣城之一：“东方的麦加”。在这里，您不得不沉思，也不能不感奋，因为这里深扎着中华民族的根，深扎着中国传统文化的根。

各位朋友，在中国，在东方这片有着五千年文明历史的土地上，你也许读不懂青铜器上的铭文，也许不理解人头兽身表现什么，象征什么。但是，当你走进中国人民的生活，行走在中华民族繁衍生息、劳动创造的古老土地上，你就能感受到、接触到中国人民在日常生活中流露出来的儒家文化的气息，你便能由此体验到中国人民与其他民族迥然不同的生活方式、风土人情和理想道德的差异。无论你从哪个角度，哪个层次去探究中华民族的个性与品格，都不难发现儒家文化的基因，在漫长的历史演进过程中，儒家文化几乎成了中国传统文化的代名词。而儒家文化的创始人，就是孔子。

篇17：关于曲阜三孔导游词

曲阜明故城始建于明朝，为护卫孔庙而建。明故城内分布着孔庙、孔府、颜庙以及历代孔宅府第、古泮池乾隆行宫等文物古迹，集中体现了鲁国古都曲阜古老的城市风貌和深厚的文化古韵。上世纪70年代末，曲阜明故城城墙大部分被拆除。

孔府,本名衍圣公府,位于曲阜城中孔庙东侧,是孔子嫡氏孙居住的府第。衍圣公是北宋至和二年(公元1055年)宋仁宗赐给孔子46代孙孔宗愿的封号，这一封号子孙相继，整整承袭了32代，历时880年。

衍圣公是中国封建社会享有特权的大贵族，宋代时相当于八品官，元代提升为三品，明初是一品文官，后又“班列文官之首”，清代还特许在紫禁城骑马，在御道上行走。

孔府占地240亩，共有厅、堂、楼、房463间。九进庭院，三路布局：东路 即东学，建一贯堂、慕恩堂、孔氏家庙及作坊等;西路即西学，有红萼轩、忠恕堂、安怀堂及花厅等;孔府的主体部分在中路，前为官 衙，有三堂六厅，后为内宅，有前上房、前后堂楼、配楼、后六间等，最后为花园。

孔林本称至圣林，是孔子及其家族的墓地。 孔子死后，弟子们把他葬于鲁城北泗水之上，那时还是“墓而不坟”(无高土隆起)。到了秦汉时期，虽将坟高筑，但仍只有少量的墓地和几家守林人后来随着孔子地位的日益提高，孔林的规模越来越大。东汉桓帝永寿三年(公元157年)，鲁相韩勅修孔墓，在墓前造神门 一间，在 东南又造斋宿一间，以吴初等若干户供孔墓洒扫，当时的孔林“地不过一 顷”。到南北朝高齐时，才植树600株。宋代宣和年间，又在孔子墓前修造石仪。进入元文宗至顺二年(公元1331年)，孔思凯主修了林墙，构筑了林门。明洪武十年(公元1684年)将孔林扩为3000亩的规模。雍正八年(公元1730年)，大修孔林，耗帑银25300两重修了各种门坊，并派专官守卫。

据统计，自汉以来，历代对孔林重修、增修过13次，增植树株5次，扩充林地3次。整个孔林周围垣墙长达7.25公里，墙高3米多，厚约5米，总面积为2平方公里，比曲阜城要大得多 孔林作为一处氏族墓地，多年来葬埋从未间断。在这里既可考春秋之葬、证秦汉之墓，又可研究我国历代政治、经济、文化的发展和丧葬风俗的演 变。

1961年国务院公布为第一批全国重点文物保护单位。 “墓古千年在，林深五月寒”，孔林内现已有树10万多株。相传孔子死后，“弟子各以四方奇木来植，故多异树，鲁人世世代代无能名者”，时至今日孔林内的一些树株人们仍叫不出它们的名字。其中柏、桧、柞、榆、槐、楷、朴、枫、杨、柳、檀雒离、女贞、五味、樱花等各类大树，盘根错节，枝繁叶茂;野菊、半夏、柴胡、太子参、灵芝等数百种植物，也依时争荣。孔林不愧是一座天然的植物园。“断碑深树里，无路可寻看”。在万木掩映的孔林中，碑石如林，石仪成群，除一批著名的汉碑移入孔庙 外，林内尚有李东阳、严嵩、翁方钢、何绍基、康有为等明清书法名家亲笔题写的墓碑。因此，孔林又称得上是名副其实的碑林。

孔庙、孔府、孔林在山东曲阜市，是中国唯一规模最大的集祭祀孔子嫡系后裔的府邸和孔子及其子孙墓地于一起的建筑群，孔子(公元前551~前4)是中国儒家学说的创始人。他在死后的第二年，他的住宅被改成孔庙，每年祭祀 。汉代以后历代皇帝都提倡尊孔读经，对孔子也不断追谥加封，同时扩大他的祠庙，孔庙的规模也越修越大。

规整的建筑，艺术的宝库

现存孔庙占地327.5亩，建筑物466间，前后有九进院落，纵向轴线贯穿整座建筑，左右对称，布局严谨，气势宏伟。前三进院落布置导向性建筑物，如门或牌坊。第四进院有一座三重檐的高阁奎文阁，其中藏有历代皇帝赏赐的图书。第七进院落中有“杏坛”，据说是孔子生前讲学处。孔庙的主殿大成殿高31.89米，宽54米，进深34米。廊下有28根龙古柱，没根石柱都用整块石材雕成。前廊下的十根石柱用深浮雕的手法雕成双龙对舞，衬以云朵，山石、涛波，造型优美生动，是罕见的艺术瑰宝。孔庙中还存有大量的碑刻及画像砖，是研究中国古代书法和文化艺术的宝贵资料。

孔府是衙宅合一，园宅结合的范例

孔庙的东侧是孔府，是孔子嫡长孙世袭的府第。始建于宋代，经历代不断扩建，形成现在的规模。占地200余亩，有房舍480余间。官衙和住宅建在一起，是一座典型的封建贵族庄园，衙 署大堂用于接受皇帝颁发的圣旨，或处理家族内事务。孔府后院有一座花园，幽雅清新，布局别具匠心，可称园林佳作，也是园宅结合的范例。孔府藏有大量的历史档案、传世文物，历代服饰和用具等，都及其珍贵。

孔林是延续年代最久、保存最完整的家族墓地

孔林又称至圣林，在曲阜城北门外，占地3000亩，周围砖砌林墙长达14里，是孔子和他的后代子孙们的家族墓地。孔林内柏桧夹道，进入孔林要经过1200米的墓道，然后穿过石牌坊、石桥、甬道、到达孔子墓前。孔子的坟墓封土高6米，墓东是孔子之子孔鲤和他的孙子孔伋 的坟墓。在孔林中，有的墓前还存有石雕的华表、石人、石兽。这些都是依照墓中人当时-爵位的品级设置的，整个孔林延用25，内有坟冢 十余万座。其延续时间之久，模葬之多，保存之完好，举世罕见。

篇18：曲阜三孔导游词

女士们、先生们：曲阜是我国古代伟大的思想家、政治家、教育家孔子的故乡，全国首批公布的24个历史文化名城之一。孔子有句名言：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。”今天，我有幸为各位担任导游，十分高兴。我将尽力为大家提供满意的服务，不足之处，请批评指正。

曲阜概况 在参观“三孔”之前，请允许我把曲阜概况介绍一下：

曲阜地处鲁中山区和鲁西南平原的交界处，北依泰山，南引峄山，东连沂蒙群山，西俯千畴平原。地势东高西低，境内泗河、沂河等河流均自东向西流淌，自古就有“圣人门前倒流水”之说。物产丰富，景色宜人。大诗人李白曾描写曲阜：“笑夸故人指绝境，山光水色青如兰”。

曲阜历史悠久，早在五六千年前，我们的祖先就在这里繁衍生息，创造了人类早期的文明。不少古籍中，还有炎帝、少吴徙都于曲阜，黄帝生于寿丘(曲阜城东8里 处)，舜于寿丘作什器的记载。可见，中国远古时代最有影响的三皇五帝中就有四人在曲阜留下了踪迹。尽管这是传说，但也并不是毫无根据的。从境内保存下来的20余处大汶口文化和龙山文化遗址中仍可见到我们的祖先征服自然的遗迹。 “曲阜”一名最早见于《礼记》。东汉应劭解释说：“鲁城东有阜，委曲长七八里，故名曲阜。”商代前期，曲阜名奄，是商王朝的重要属国。周代自“封周公于曲阜”800余年，曲阜为鲁国都城，是当时我国一个重要的政治、经济、文化中心。春秋时期，孔子首创私人讲学之风，“弟子三千，贤者七十有二”遍及全国各地，又成了当时的教育中心。鲁国是曲阜历史上的黄金时期，以“礼仪之邦”著称于世，故山东省现仍沿用“鲁”作为简称。公元前 249年，楚灭鲁，置鲁县，秦代属薛郡，西汉时为鲁国都，魏晋南北朝时为鲁郡治。隋开皇十六年(596年)，首定曲阜为县名。宋代改称仙源县，金代恢复曲阜县名至今。1986年撤县制，始称曲阜市。现面积为890平方公里，人口60余万。 悠久的历史，灿烂的文化，给曲阜留下了大量的文物古迹，主要的有110余处，其中孔庙、孔府、孔林及鲁国故城遗址被列为全国首批公布的重点文物保护单位，另有11处列为全省重要文物保护单位。“三孔”还于1994年被联合国列为世界文化遗产。

新中国建立后，特别是党的十一届三中全会以来，党和国家领导人对曲阜的文物古迹十分关注，国家先后拨款3000多万元对“三孔”进行了全面修茸。近年来，为了大力发展旅游事业，曲阜又相继开发建设了孔子六艺城、论语碑苑、鲁国盛世华夏文化城等一批新的旅游景点，形成人文与自然景观，新老景点浑然一体，相映生辉的旅游资源新格局，成为中外游人向往的文化旅游胜地。

孔庙

现在我们参观孔庙。孔庙位于曲阜城中心，是我国古代封建王朝祭祀孔子的地方。

孔 子(公元前551--公元前479年)名丘，字仲尼，诞生于曲阜尼山。春秋末期，他在鲁都阙里聚徒讲学，传授“六世”(礼、乐、射、御、书、数)，并在实践中总结出一套行之有效的理论。晚年，他删《诗》、《书》，订《礼》、《乐》，赞《周易》，修《春秋》，为传播文化做出了巨大的贡献：他“祖述尧舜，宪章文武”，集三代文化之大成，创立了“重仁尚礼”的儒家学说，把中国古代文化推向了一个新的高峰。孔子死后第二年，鲁哀公将其生前所居之堂立为庙，“岁时奉祀”。当时只有“庙屋三间”，内藏孔子生前所用的衣、冠、琴、车、书等。其后，随着历代王朝层层加谥孔子，孔庙不断得到维修扩建，至明、清时期形成了现在的规模。前后九进院落，占地327.5亩，南北长达1公里;共有建筑466间，54座门坊;加之 庙内1700余株古树，1200余块碑碣，令人一步三叹。孔庙与北京故宫、河北承德避暑山庄并称为中国三大古建筑群，是我国古代劳动人民智慧的结晶。二千多年来，游人竞相寻踪凭吊，流连往返。

金声玉振坊 孔庙第道门坊。“金声玉振”四个字出自《孟子》：“孔子之谓集大成。集大成者金声而玉振之也。”“金声玉振”原意为一首完美的乐曲。我国古代奏乐时，以击钟(金声开始，以击磬玉振)结束。这里比喻孔子思想集古圣先贤之大成，赞扬孔子对文化做出的巨大贡献。此坊建于明代，“金声玉振”四字为明代著名书法家胡缵宗题写。 棂星门 孔庙第一道大门。棂星即灵星，古人认为它“主得士之庆”，古代祭天，先要祭祀灵星。孔庙设棂星门，意为尊孔如同尊天。孔子创立的儒学及儒家思想统治和影响了中国两千多年的封建社会。所以后人使用了“德侔天地”、“道冠古今”赞誉孔子，意为他给人的好处如同天地一样大，他的主张古今来说都是最好的。因此，孔庙第一进院落东西两侧腰门题为：德侔天地，道冠古今。圣时门 “圣时”二字出自《孟子》，孟子将中国古代的四位圣人做了比较，“伯夷，圣之清者也;伊尹，圣之任者也;柳下惠，圣之和者也;孔子，圣之时者也。”是说在圣人之中孔子是最适合时代的。璧水桥过圣时门，豁然洞开，偌大一个庭院，古柏森森，芳草如茵。迎面三架拱桥，为明代所建，因“壅水环绕如璧”，故名“璧水桥”。弘道门孔庙第三道大门，“弘道”二字出自《论语.卫灵公》，“人能弘道，非道弘人”，以赞颂孔子发扬光大了古代的正统思想，成为 “千秋帝王之师，万世人伦之表”。此门意思可以引申为如果人们想在学问上有所成就，就得踏入“弘道之门”，学习包括孔子思想在内的一切优秀文化，才能成为社会有用之材。

大中门 是宋代孔庙的正门。“大中”是赞扬孔子“中庸之道”的。中者天下之正道，庸者天下之定理，不偏之为中，不易之为庸。“中庸之道”即不偏不倚能够独立存在的天下唯一之正道。

同文门中国的宫殿建筑在主体建筑之前，常常有小的屏障，以示庄严。同文门周无墙垣，子然独立在奎文阁之前，就担当着屏障的角色。“同文”二字出自《礼记》“书同文，行同伦”。意为统一语言、文化、思想，即整个人类思想统一到孔子的思想上来。奎文阁孔庙主体建筑之一，以藏书丰富，建筑独特而驰名。始建于宋天禧二年(公元1018年)，原名藏书楼，金代重修时改名“奎文阁”。“奎”是星名，二十八宿之一，传说为西方白虎之道，有星16颗，“屈曲相钩，似文字之画”，孝经》中记“奎主文章”，后人进而把奎星演化为文官之首，后代封建帝王把孔子比作天上的奎星，遂在孔庙建奎文阁。奎文阁高23.35米，东西阔30.10米，南北深17.62米，三层飞檐，四重斗拱，结构合理，坚固异常，经受了几百年的风风雨雨和多次地震的摇撼。据记载清康熙年间的一次大地震，曲阜“人间房屋倾者九存者一”，而奎文阁安然无恙，不愧为我国著 名的古代木结构建筑杰作。1985年国家拨款120万元，进行了落架大修，于1987年修茸一新，完全保持了原有的风貌。奎文阁内原有藏书均移入孔府档案馆保存。现展出的是孔子圣迹图陈列。

奎文阁前两侧，是四座明代御碑。这些驮碑的动物，人们习惯叫“龟驮碑”，实际上它的名子叫“赑屭”，是神话传说中龙的儿子。“龙生九子不成龙”，赑屭的特征是龙首、龟背、鹰爪、蛇尾，善于负重且能长寿，所以统治者要用它来驮御碑。十三碑亭过奎文阁是十三碑亭院。十三碑亭是专为保存封建皇帝御制石碑而建的。亭内共保存唐、宋、金、元、明、清及民国时期碑刻55块。碑文多是皇帝对孔子追谥加封、拜庙新祭、派官致祭和整修庙宇的记录，由汉文、八思巴文(元代蒙古文)、满文等文字刻写。其中最大的一块石碑是清康熙二十五年(1686年)所立，碑 重约35吨，加上驮碑赑屭共重约65吨。这块巨石采自北京的西山，在当时条件下，能将此碑安然运抵千里之外的曲阜，实在令人惊叹。此院东南西南还各有一片丛林似的碑碣，真草隶篆，风格各异，可谓集历代书法流派之大成。另有几座石碑从侧面记载元末红巾军、明末刘六、刘七以及徐鸿儒等农民起义的情况，是研究中国农民革命史珍贵的历史资料。十三碑亭院北，五门并列将孔庙分成三路。东为承圣门，内为奉祀孔子上五代祖先的地方;西为启圣门，内为奉祀孔子父母的地方;中路三门并立，大成门居中，两边掖门为金声门和玉振门。先师手植桧大成门内东侧石栏围护的桧树，是“先师手植桧”，树东石碑是明万历年间杨光训手书。相传孔子手植桧原有三棵，后枯死两棵，唯有此桧生生死死，几经荣枯留存至今，树高10余米，粗可合抱。先师手植桧历来受到重视，过去人们把它看作孔子思想的象征，它不仅与孔氏家庭的命运联系在一起，“此桧日茂则孔氏日兴”，而且还同封建统治者的命运联系在一起，宋代大书法家米芾为此赞道：“矫龙怪，挺雄质，二千年，敌金石，纠治乱，如一昔。” 杏坛 杏坛相传是孔子当年讲学的地方。孔子“设教杏坛”的记载最早见于庄子.渔父篇》：“孔子游乎缁帷这林，坐休乎杏坛之上，弟子读书，孔子弦歌。”宋天禧二年(1018年)孔子第四十五代孙孔道辅监修孔庙时，将正殿后移，“除地为坛，环植以杏，名曰杏坛。”金代始于坛上建亭，由当时著名文人党怀英篆书“杏坛”二字，现在亭内保存。亭内另一块石碑是清乾隆皇帝的手书“杏坛赞”，：“重来又值灿开时，几树东风簇降枝，岂是人间凡卉比，文明终古共春熙。”

大成殿孔庙主体建筑，是祭祀孔子的中心场所。“大成”二字出自《孟子》：“孔子之谓集大成”，赞扬孔子思想集古圣贤之大成。大成殿始建于宋天禧二年(1018年)，后毁于火。现存这座大成殿为清代雍正年间重建，高24.8米，阔45.8米，深24.9米，重檐九脊，黄瓦飞甍，雕梁画栋，气势雄伟，与北京故宫太和殿、泰安岱庙天贶殿并称为东方三大殿。大成殿四周廊下环立28根石雕龙柱，均以整石刻成，高6米，径长0.8米，为明代弘治 年间徽州工匠刻制。大成殿两山及后檐的18根八棱石柱均为云龙浅雕。最为引人瞩目的是前檐的10根深浮雕龙柱，每柱二龙对翔，盘绕升腾，中刻宝珠，雕刻玲珑剔透，龙姿栩栩如生，无一雷同，堪称我国石刻艺术中的瑰宝，据说乾隆皇帝来曲阜祭礼孔时，石柱均用红绫包裹，不敢让皇帝看到，惟恐皇帝会因超过皇宫而怪罪。大成殿的建筑艺术，充分显示了我国劳动人民的聪明才智。大成殿内金壁辉煌，有大型神龛9座，17座塑像，居中的一座即是孔子。孔子坐高 3.35米，头戴十二旒冕，身穿十二章王服，手捧镇圭，显得高贵、威严，一副君王形象，这是被历代帝王神化了的孔子。实际上孔子的真实面目应该是“布衣” 文人的形象。孔子塑像两侧神龛内东为“复圣”颜回、“述圣”孔伋，西为“宗圣”曾参，“亚圣”孟轲，称为“四配”。再两侧是“十二哲”塑像，除宋儒朱熹外，均为孔子弟子。

大成殿前露台过去是祭孔时舞蹈奏乐的地方。现在每年9月26日曲阜国际孔子文化节开幕式，和9月28日孔子诞辰纪念活动都在此举行。 两庑大成殿两侧是东西庑，每庑长163米，原是供奉先贤先儒的地方，现为石刻陈列。东庑陈列着汉、魏、隋、唐、宋、元碑刻44块，堪称孔庙一绝，是我国珍贵的古代文化遗产，对于研究古代书法艺术，文字演变具有重大的史料价值。西庑现陈列100多块“汉画像石刻”，也是久负盛名的艺术珍品，是研究我国汉魏时代社会生活的珍贵资料。寝殿是祭祀孔子夫人的地方。殿内神龛木雕游龙飞凤，精美异常，龛内木牌上书“至圣先师夫人神位”。孔子夫人，春秋时期宋国人，复姓亓官，19岁嫁给孔子，先孔子7年去世。关于她的情况古籍很少记载，直到宋代才被宋真宗赵恒追封为“郓国夫人”，元代加封为“大成至圣文宣王夫人”，其后孔子改称“至圣先师”，她也被称为“至圣先师夫人”。早期曾有塑像，清雍正年间寝殿遭火灾，重建时改为神主牌位。圣迹殿孔庙最后一座建筑。建于明代万历年间，由巡按御史何出光主持建造。殿内共有120幅绘画刻石，反映了孔子一生的主要活动和言论，是我国最早有完整人物故事的石刻连环画。孔庙东路为祭祀孔子上五代祖先的地方，原为孔子当年故居。诗礼堂是纪念孔子教子学诗礼的地方。据《论语.季氏》记载：有一次，孔子站在庭院里见儿子孔鲤从身边走过，问：“你学诗了没有?” 孔鲤回答说没有。孔子说：“不学诗，无以言”，即不学习《诗经》是无法同人交谈的。于是孔鲤回去后认真地学习《诗经》。隔了一段时间，孔子又问孔鲤，“你学礼了没有?”孔鲤回答说还没有。孔子说“不学礼，无以立”，即不学礼是难于立身做人的。孔鲤又认真地学习《礼记》。孔子教子学诗学礼的故事，历来被传为美谈。诗礼堂院内有一株唐槐和两棵银杏树，虽历经千载，仍枝叶茂密，尤其偏西那株雌银杏，至今仍硕果累累，孔府宴上一道名菜“诗礼银杏”即来源于此。 孔子故宅井位于诗礼堂后，因是孔子当年的吃水井，所以历来被称作“圣水”。清乾隆皇帝祭祀孔时曾勺水拜师，在井西侧建“饮水拜师”的凉亭，内立“故宅井赞”碑1块，他8次来曲阜，此碑竟有他5次题字，可见其对“圣水”的崇拜了。鲁壁故宅井东侧一段子然独立的红色墙壁，是为纪念孔子第九代孙孔鲋藏书而建的。孔鲋时期正赶秦朝，秦始皇焚书坑儒的时候，孔鲋将《尚书》、《礼》、《论语》、《孝经》等儒家经典书籍藏于孔子故宅墙壁内，自己就到嵩山隐居去了，到死也没回来。汉景帝三年(公元前154年)，鲁恭王在扩建王宫拆除孔子故宅时，发现了这些经书，人们称之为“孔壁古文”，所以后人在此建鲁壁，以纪念孔鲋藏书。 孔庙就参观到这里。现在我们去参观孔府。

孔府

孔府与孔庙毗邻，是孔子嫡系长子长孙居住的府第，三路布局，九进院落，共有建筑463间，加上后花园，共占地240 亩。 孔府，也称“衍圣公府”。“衍圣”的意思是说“圣道”、“圣裔”能繁衍接续，其子孙可世代相袭、辈辈相衍。随着孔子谥号的追加，历代帝王对孔子后裔也一再加封，到北宋至和二个(1055年)宋仁宗赐封孔子第四十六代孙孔宗愿为世袭“衍圣公”，达到顶点。这一封号自宋至民国初年延用长达880多年。“衍圣公”是我国封建社会享有特权的大贵族。宋代相当于五品官，元代升为三品，明代上升为一品文官，清代不仅班列阁臣之上，还特许在紫禁城骑马，在宫中御道上行走。当然历代统治者对“衍圣公”的抬举，主要的还是利用“孔子”这块招牌为自大的统治服务。洪武十年(1377年)，朱元璋下诏令“衍圣公”有权设置官署，同时又特命在阙里故宅以东重建府第。清代在此基础上又进行了大规模的修建。这就是今天人们所看到的我国封建社会中典型的官衙与内宅合一的建筑--孔府。大门大门正中高悬“圣府”金字匾额。门两旁明柱上的对联：与国咸休安富尊荣公府第，同天并老文章道德圣人家。对联为清代文人纪昀手书。细心的游人会发现上联中的“富”少一点(富)，下联中的“章”字成了破“日”之状(章)。相传，孔子第四十二代孙孔光嗣娶亲之日，有神仙前来指点，碰到写“富”字的影壁，把 “富”字去了点，并告知孔家“富”字有点不吉。此后，孔府凡书富字皆无点。这叫“宝贵无顶”。又传说乾隆时，纪昀为孔府书写门联，写到“章”字时数遍皆不中意，遂弃笔安歇，睡梦中见一老翁在他写的“章”字上划了一笔，成了破“日”之状，醒后挥笔而书，果然气势不凡。这叫“文章通天”。进入孔府大门，由此向后孔府分为三路，东路建有一贯堂、慕恩堂、孔氏家庙等;西路是孔府当年接待贵宾和读书习礼的地方，有红萼轩、忠恕堂、安怀堂、花厅等;中路是孔府的主体建筑，前半部为官衙，后半部为内宅。重光门进入孔府二门，迎面有一座周围不接垣墙的门楼，门上匾额“恩赐重光”，为明皇帝朱厚熜所颁，因此叫“重光门”。当年，只有帝王大典、迎接圣旨，或进行重大祭祀活动时，才在十三响礼炮声中将此门打开，所以又称“仪门”或“塞门”。此门两侧的廊房，是孔府的管理机构仿照封建王朝六部而设的六厅，即：管勾厅、百户厅、典籍厅、司乐厅、知印厅、掌书厅。各厅长官，由正七品或正六品担任。

大堂是当年衍圣公宣读圣旨、接见官员、审理重大案件，以及节日、寿辰举行仪式的地方，里面陈列的是正一品爵位使用的公案桌、仪仗等。北面靠墙的那些红底金字的牌子，是封爵和特权的象征，俗称“十八块云牌銮架”。历代衍圣公持着这些牌子进京，可以畅行无阻。

二堂是衍圣公会见四品以上官僚和受皇帝委托每年替朝廷考试礼学、乐学童生的地方。屋内七块御制石碑，其中有清道光皇帝手书的“福寿”碑，慈祥太后手书的“寿”字及松鹤图等。

三堂也叫退厅，是衍圣公接见四品以上官员和处理家庭内部纠纷、处罚府内仆役的场所。屋内正中高悬的“六代含贻”匾额为乾隆皇帝手书，当时孔府六代同堂，此匾意为六代人和睦相处，生活美满。内宅门是官衙与内宅的分界线。过去此门戒备森严，任何人不得擅自入内，否则严惩不贷，打死勿论。门两侧耳房内有几十人轮番值班，随时向外传递信息。

贪壁孔府内宅门内壁上面有一幅状似麒麟的动物，名叫“贪”。传说是天界的神兽，怪诞凶恶，生性饕餮，能吞金银财宝。尽管在它的脚下和周围全是宝物，连“八仙” 的宝贝都为它所有，但它并不满足，还想吃掉太阳，真可谓贪得无厌了。过去官宦人家常将此画绘在容易看到的地方，借以提醒自己，引以为戒。孔府将“贪”画在此处，一出门即可看到，是告戒子孙不要贪脏卖法，也算作一条重要的家训吧。

前上房是孔府主人接待至亲和近支族人的客厅，也是他们举行家宴和婚丧仪式的主要场所。房内陈设华丽，文物古玩，琳琅满目。前堂楼为七间二层阁楼，是孔子第七十六代孙，衍圣公孔令贻及其夫人的住室。孔令贻清末民国初年人，先后娶孙、陶、丰、王氏为妻。孙氏早逝，娶陶氏;陶氏未生养，娶丰氏。丰氏又过早病逝，于是孔令贻将丫环出身的王氏纳为妾，先后生了两个女儿，一个儿子。如今二女儿孔德懋、儿子孔德成尚还健在，均已70多岁。

后堂楼是孔子第七十七代孙孔德成的住室。孔德成1920年出生，出生不到两个月即被当时的大总统徐世昌任命为袭封衍圣公。1935年被南京国民政府改授为“大成 至圣先师奉祀官”。1936年与孙琪芳女士结婚。其后大部分时间随国民政府在重庆和南京，1949年大陆解放前夕从南京迁往台湾，曾任台湾考试院院长，现 任“总统府资政”，是台湾最高官阶的官员之一。现后堂楼保存着孔德成结婚时的原貌。后堂楼院的东楼是当年府内女佣做针线活的地方，西楼是招待亲属家眷的地方。

花园 孔府后花园始建于明弘治十六年(1503年)，前后经过三次大修，占地50余亩。清嘉庆年间，孔子第七十三代孙、衍圣公孔庆鎔重修时，将数块大型铁矿石置于园内，又称“铁山园”。园内建有假山、喷泉、曲桥、花坞、亭以及敬花神的石坛，赏月的凉台、焚香读书的坛屋等，环境幽雅，景色美丽。特别是已有400多 年历史的“五柏抱槐”一树五支，中生一株槐树，是花园内的一大奇景。由于世代尊荣，特别是朝廷的频繁赏赐，孔府积攒了大量的珍贵文物，约计3万多件，其中不少是稀世珍宝。今天我们看到的仅是其中的一部分。孔府还保存着数以万卷的孔府档案，是研究我国封建社会历史不可多得的第一手资料。孔府就参观到这里，现在我们去参观孔林。

孔林

孔林，是孔子及其家庭的专用墓地，也是世界上延时最久、规模最大的家庭墓地，位于曲阜城北泗水之上，占地三千余亩，周围垣墙高3米，厚1.5米，长 14.5华里。在这里既可考春秋之葬，证秦汉之墓，又可研究我国历代政治、经济、文化的发展和丧葬风俗的演变历史。孔林也是目前我国最大的人造园林。相传孔子死后，“弟子各以四方奇木来植，故多异树”。林内有各种树木10万多株，数百种植物。在万木掩映之中，碑石林立，石像成群，除一批著名的汉碑移入孔庙保护外，林内尚有唐、宋、金、元、明、清各代石碑3600多块，又称得上名副其实的碑林。 过去墓地的“风 水”，被孔子的后代视作“命根子”。例如，清光绪三十年(1904年)，勘测津浦铁路时，原计划经过曲阜，离孔林西墙很近。当时的衍圣公孔令贻得此消息十分着急，向朝廷连递几件呈文，说铁路将“震动圣墓”，“破坏圣脉”，使祖宗灵魂不得安宁。结果铁路到曲阜拐了个大弯，向西南绕行。如果没有这档子事，现在人们坐火车到曲阜游览，就不用先到兖州下车，然后改乘汽车了。

大门孔林大门始建于明代，清代重修。进入孔林大门是一条长约1华里的甬道，迎面高大的门楼叫“观楼”，俗称“二林门”。此门原是古鲁国城北门。大门到二门这一段，是孔林前突出的部分，类似古代城市建筑的月城。

孔尚任墓 位于孔林东北隅，墓碑上书“奉直大夫户部广东清吏司员外郎东塘先生之墓”，即是孔尚任墓。孔尚任(1648--1718年)，字聘之，号东塘，自称云亭山人，是孔子第六十四代孙，我国清初著名剧作家，其代表作是桃花扇》。他出生书香门弟，因屡试不第，中年隐居曲阜石门山。康熙二十三年(1684年)，康熙皇帝来曲阜祭孔时，他被孔府推荐为引驾官，并给皇帝讲经，深得褒奖，破格提升为国子监博士。赴京任职期间曾到淮杨一带治河，通过吊古迹，访隐士，搜集野史逸闻，对南明王朝的覆灭经过有了深切的感受。回京后曾任户部主事，员外郎等职。公余致力于戏曲创作。1699年，昆曲名剧《桃花扇》传奇脱稿。王公显贵争相传抄，戏班竞相演唱，一时轰动京城。该剧以名士候方域与名妓李香君的爱情故事为主线，广泛而深刻地反映了南明王朝灭亡的历史。次年孔尚任却被罢官回乡，死后葬于此。他一生著述甚丰，另有诗文《石门山集》、《湖海集》、《岸堂文集》等。

于氏坊位于孔林北侧，是孔子七十二代孙、衍圣公孔宪培与其妻于氏之墓。于氏原是清乾隆皇帝的女儿，那么为什么改姓于又嫁到孔府的呢?这里还有段小故事。据说乾隆的女儿脸上有块黑痣，相术说，这块痣主灾，破灾的唯一办法是将她嫁给一个有福的人。朝里大臣们议论，天下只有孔圣人的后代最有福。但是当时是满族统治，按规定满汉不能通婚。于是有人给皇帝出主意将女儿认汉族大臣、户部尚书于敏忠为义父，这样以于家的名义嫁到孔府。于氏死后，孔府为其立了这座“鸾音褒德”牌坊。

洙水桥孔林二门内有一条东西横穿的小河，名曰：“洙水河”，因流经孔子墓前，与“圣脉”攸关，故被后世誉为“灵源无穷，宜与天地共长久”的“圣水”。洙水本是古 代的一条河流，与泗水并称为“洙泗”，后来成为孟子发祥地的代称。古洙水早已湮没。河上有桥三座，左右皆为平桥，中间的一座拱桥在孔子墓前，名曰：“洙水桥”。

孔子墓甬道洙水桥北迎面绿瓦三楹的高台大门，叫“档墓门”。过此门即是孔子墓甬道。甬道有四对巨型石雕，名曰：华表、文豹、角端、翁仲。华表又称“望柱”，是进“天门”的标志。文豹形象似豹，腋下喷火，温顺善良。角端传说日行一万八千里，通四方语言，明外方幽远之事。文豹、角端都是想象中的怪兽。翁仲，传说为秦代骁将，威震边塞，后为对称，雕文、武两像，用以守墓。甬道尽头大殿是祭祀孔子设香坛的享殿。解放战争时，朱德总司令曾在此召开过军事会议，所以又成为革命历史文物。

孔子墓享殿之后红色的墙院内就是孔子及其儿、孙三代的墓地。孔子墓似一隆起的马背，称“马鬣封”，是一种特殊尊贵的筑墓形式。墓前石碑篆刻“大成至圣文宣王墓” 是明正统八年(1443年)黄养正书。孔子于公元前479年去世，当时鲁国国君称他为“尼父”。这是有别于封号的最尊贵的称号。孔子有封号始于公元元年，汉平帝追封孔子为公爵，称“褒成宣尼公”。此后帝王纷纷给孔子封号，至唐开元二十七年(739年)唐玄宗李隆基给孔子谥号“文宣”，始称“文宣王”。到元武帝于大德十一年(1007年)加封为“大成至圣文宣王”后又称“至圣先师”、“大成至圣先师”等等。历代王朝都为孔子的封号选择了最高的赞誉之词，可见孔子思想学说，对历代统治是何等重要。

孔子墓东为其子孔鲤墓，南为其孙孔伋墓。这种墓葬布局为“携子抱孙”以示人衍兴旺。

孔鲤墓 孔子的儿子孔鲤，一生无大作为，年50岁先孔子去世。但因系“圣人”之 子，故被宋徽宗封为“泗水侯”。子贡庐墓处孔子墓西三间房屋为子贡庐墓处。子贡，复姓端木，名赐，字子贡，是孔子得意门生之一，也是孔子弟子中善于经商的学生。孔子死后，众弟子为孔子守墓三年，相诀而去，独子贡在此又守三年。后人为纪念此事，建屋三间，立碑一座，题为“子贡庐墓处”。

孔伋墓 孔子的孙子孔(前483--前402年)，是我国战国时期著名的哲学家和思想家，孔子在世时，孔伋尚年幼。孔子死后，孔伋拜曾子为师。曾子，姓曾，名参，是孔子的得意门生，继承了孔子学说的真谛，并传授给孔伋。曾子著有《大学》等书。据记载论语>>也是以曾子的教学讲义为蓝本，由他的门人弟子编辑而成。孔伋潜心研究孔子学说，著成《中庸》一书。孔伋的学生又把孔子思想学说传给孟子，孟子上承孔子之学，著成《孟子》一书。以上《论语》、《大学》、《中庸》、《孟子》古称“四书”，是儒学经典著作。由此可见孔伋是儒家思想学派承上启下的关键人物。历史进入到当代，孔子和他创立的儒家思想学说并未与时俱去。长期以来，特别是改革开放以来，国内的孔子研究空前活跃，国际上也出现了一股“儒学研究热”，以探讨和重新评价孔子和儒学的当代社会价值。由此我们相信，它必定推动曲阜旅游事业的进一步发展，带来空前的繁荣。

★三孔导游词

★三孔导游词

★曲阜三孔孔庙导游词

★介绍山东三孔的导游词

★关于山东三孔的导游词

★《闻名中外的三孔》教案设计

★优秀导游词

★避暑山庄导游词优秀

★武夷山优秀导游词

★长江三峡导游词优秀

《三孔导游词优秀（合集18篇）.doc》

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