【导语】下面是小编帮大家整理的初一英语第二十四单元（共8篇），希望对大家带来帮助，欢迎大家分享。
篇1：初一英语第二十四单元
内容
一.教学目的:一般现在时的基本用法及一些日常用语.
二.教学重点:一般现在时
三.重点难点讲解:
1. be from=come from
be from 和 come from意思相同, 都是 “从…来”.表示某人来自某一地方或某单位. 例如: Where are you from? I am from Beijing.
你是哪儿的人? 我是北京人.
Do you come from America? No, I am from/ come from Japan.
你是从美国来的吗? 不, 我是从日本来的.
2. speak, say, talk, tell
speak强调说话的能力, 方式和对象, 不强调说话的内容, 用作及物动词时, 一般用来表示语言的名词或代词的宾语.
The teacher is speaking to the students.
老师正在对学生讲话.
*speak只能接表示语言的名词或代词作宾语, 其它时候一般用作不及物动词.
say必须带宾语, 强调说什么.
Please say it in English.
请用英语讲.
talk 与介词to 或with搭配, 表示 “与…交谈”, 与介词about 或of搭配表示所谈及的内容.
He is talking about the old story.
他正在谈一个古老的故事.
*talk一般用作不及物动词, 不能直接加宾语. 如果要强调谈及的内容, 就要接介词.
tell一般表示 “讲, 告诉” 的意思, 要接宾语.
I must tell him. 我必须告诉他.
3. 国名, 国籍, 语言等.
America
美国
American
美国的
American
美国人
Americans
美国人(复数)
China
中国
Chinese
中国的,中文
Chinese
中国人
Chinese
中国人(复数)
England
英国
English
英国的, 英语
Englishman
Englishwoman
英国人
Englishmen
Englishwomen
英国人(复数)
Japan
日本
Japanese
日本的, 日语
Japanese
日本人
Japanese
日本人(复数)
Canada
加拿大
Canadian
加拿大的
Canadian
加拿大人
Canadians
加拿大人(复数)
France
法国
French
法国的, 法语
Frenchman
Frenchwoman
法国人
Frenchmen
Frenchwomen
法国人(复数)
Australia
澳大利亚
Australian
澳大利亚的
Australian
澳大利亚人
Australians
澳大利亚人(复数)
Russia
俄国
Russian
俄国的, 俄语
Russian
俄国人
Russians
俄国人(复数)
4. very 和 very much
very 和very much都是 “非常”的意思, 但very 修饰形容词或副词, 不能修饰动词, 而very much一般只修饰动词, 不能修饰形容词或副词. 例如:
He is very good at Chinese.
他中文学得很好.
I like it very much.
我非常喜欢它.
5. How do you like…? 你觉得…怎么样?
这个句型主要用来询问对方对某事物的印象, 句中的动词like还可以用find代替, 不会影响句子的意思. 例如:
How do you like China?
你觉得中国怎么样?
6. little, only a little, a little
以上这些词语都修饰不可数名词, 在程度上, little最小, “几乎没有”; only a little “只有一点”; a little “一点”. 例如:
There is little milk in the bottle.
瓶子里几乎没有牛奶了.
They have only a little bread in the house.
他们只有一点面包了.
I can speak a little French.
我会讲一点法语.
7. many, much, a lot of
这些词语都表示 “许多”, 其中many 修饰可数名词, much修饰不可数名词, a lot of 可修饰两种名词.
There are many students in the classroom.
教室里有许多学生.
There is much rice in the bag.
书包里有许多大米.
There are a lot of / many apples.
这有许多萍果.
8. about的用法
about作介词, 表示 “关于”, 例如:
He talks about the his school.
他谈了他的学校的情况.
about作副词, 表示 “大约”, 例如:
There are about seven books on the table.
大约有七本书在桌子上.
9. people 和the people
people作 “人” 的意思时, 是可数名词, 复数形式不变.
How many people are there in the room?
屋里有多少人?
People作 “人民”的意思时, 前面要有冠词the.
They work hard for the people.
他们为人民努力工作.
10. from…to 从…到…
from…to可以表示从人到人, 地点到地点, 时间到时间, 数字到数字等.
He studies from seven to nine.
他从七点学习到九点.
11. friendly 友好的.
friendly 是形容词, 后面咳接介词to, 表示对谁友好.
They are friendly to me.
他们对我非常友好.
12. one 和 a, an
one 和不定冠词a, an都可表示 “一” 这个概念, one 强调数量, a和an 不强调数量.
There is a pen in the pencil-box.
铅笔盒里有只钢笔.
I have one sister.
我有一个妹妹.
13. 动词be 和do
至今我们已学过两种不同的动词作谓语, 一种是be, 另一种是do(即实意动词). Be 不表示一个具体的动作, 而do 表示一个比较具体的行为动作或心理活动. Be 有三中形式: am, is 和are. 具体使用那种形式由主语人称决定. 这两种动词在构成否定和疑问时的表达方式完全不同, be 的否定形式在其后加not, 疑问形式将其放在主语前面. 例如:
He is not a student. Is he a teacher?
他不是学生. 他是老师吗?
其他动词则要借助于助动词do 来构成否定和疑问形式. 例如:
I don’t work here. Do you work here?
我不在这儿工作. 你在这儿工作吗?
14. 信
九十九课有一封信, 请同学们注意英语信件的格式. 这里只简单介绍几点, 开头通常要用dear来称呼对方, 结尾处只用姓名, 而不要象中文信那样写上日期. 关于信件的具体写作方法, 重点将在初中英语二年级中介绍, 这里不在细说了.
四.练习
1. 用所给词的适当形式填空.
(1) My mother is _________ to my father. (write)
(2) How many ________ are there in your family? (people)
(3) I have some English friends and they are very _______ to me. (friend)
(4) It’s _________ room. (we)
(5) There are two __________ in his bag. (knife)
2. 综合选择
(1) “ Do you know Japanese?” “Yes, but ________”
A. only little B. little C. only a little D. not much
(2) We go to school _______ Monday _________Friday.
A. from…to… B. for…for C. For…from… D. to…to
(3) Is Mary your sister ______ your friend?
A. and B. or C. of D. at
(4) “ What do you like _____ USA?”
“ The people and the food.”
A. from B. about C. for D. of
(5) “ How do you like Japan?”
“_________”
A. I like it very much. B. I like the food. C. I like the people. D. I like their sports.
五.答案
1. (1) My mother is writing to my father.
我母亲正在给父亲写信.
(2) How many people are there in your family?
你家有几口人?
(3) I have some English friends and they are very friendly to me.
我有一些英国朋友, 他们对我很友好.
(4) It’s our room.
它是我们的屋子.
(5) There are two knives in his bag.
他书包里有两把小刀.
2. (1) C (2) A (3) B (4) B (5)A
(1) “ Do you know Japanese?” “Yes, but only a little.”
“你会日语吗?” “是的, 只一点.”
(2) We go to school from Monday to Friday .
我们从星期一到星期五上学.
(3) Is Mary your sister or your friend?
玛丽是你的姐姐还是朋友?
(4) “ What do you like about USA?”
“ The people and the food.”
“你喜欢美国什么?”
“ 人和食品.”
(5) “ How do you like Japan?”
“ I like it very much.”
“ 你觉得日本怎么样?”
“ 我很喜欢它.”
篇2：初一英语测试题第二单元
初一英语测试题第二单元
I.Choosethedifferentsoundineachgroup(辨音)：5%
1.A.lovelyB.societyC.policeD.pilot
()2.A.missingB.blindC.clinicD.officer
()3.A.officerB.preferC.anotherD.teacher
()4.A.blanketB.vetC.basketD.prevention
()5.A.huntB.puppyC.unkindD.cruelty
Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswer(选择最恰当的答案)：15%
()1.Thereis_______‘f’intheword‘five’.
A.aB.anC.theD./
()2.Theyhadnofood______water.
A.butB.andC.orD.with
()3.Wouldyouliketokeepthiscat_______yourpet?
A.likeB.asC.doD.make
()4.GiveTomacupofcoffee_______.
A.drinkB.drinkingC.drankD.todrink
()5.Thefiremensavedthegirl_______danger.
A.fromB.outC.toD.in
()6.Myclassmatewillhelpme________myhomework.
A.doingB.doesC.doD.did
()7.Many,manyyearsago,people________withoutfires.
A.livedB.livesC.liveD.living
()8.Weshould_______kindtoanimals.
A.isB.areC.amD.be
()9.Afterschool,Ialwaysplay________mypetforawhile.
A.toB.withC.forD.of
()10.Wecanworkoutthisproblem________manyways.
A.onB.withC.inD.by
()11.I’m_______.Iwanttoeatsomething.
A.thirstyB.fineC.busyD.hungry
()12.Whichonedoyoulike_______,English,MathsorChinese?
A.goodB.wellC.betterD.best
()13.Therearetwoapplesonthetable.Ilikethered________.
A.oneB.onesC./D.a
()14.We’ll_________alotofthingsforourparty.
A.needbuyB.needtobuyingC.needtobuyD.needn’tbuy
()15._______doestheSPCAtakecareofsickanimals?
A.HowB.WhatC.WhichD.Howoften
Ⅲ.Completerthesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)：5%
1.Dogshelpthepolicefind___________people.(miss)
2.Theoldmancrosstheroad___________.(safe)
3.Myunclehasafarmandheisa_____________.(farm)
4.These____________arelovely.Iwanttohaveone.(puppy)
5.Pleaseholdthekitten___________withbothhands.(care)
IV.Chooseawordoranexpressionintheboxeswhichistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedpartineachsentence(选择与划线部分意义最接近的单词或词组)：5%
()1.Wouldyouliketohaveapicnic?
()2.Doctorsshouldtakecareofpatients.
()3.Weneedtobuyalotofthings.
()4.Dogscankeeppeoplesafefromdanger.
()5.Jackissick.
Ⅴ.Rewritethefollowingsentencesasrequired(根据所给要求，改写下列句子。每空格限填一词)：10%
1.Ihavemadeacakeformymother.(否定句)
I________________acakeformymother.
2.Helefthomeathalfpastseven.(一般疑问句)
_______he________homeathalfpastseven?
3.Shelikestheredskirtbetterthantheblueone.(同意转换)
She_______theredskirt_______theblueone.
4.Dogscanguardourhomes.(划线提问)
_______candogs________?
5.Youmustfeedthebirdtwiceeveryday.(划线提问)
_______________mustIfeedthebird?
VI.TrueorFalse(判断下列句子是否符合短问内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的.用“F”表示):5%
Manypeoplelikeanimalsverymuch.Theyusuallyhaveanimalsaspets.Whentheirpetsgetsick,theyusuallytakethemtoananimaldoctororananimalhospital.Sometimesanimalsaresickorhurtsobadlythatpeoplecan’tcarrythem.SoDoctorValhasatravelinghospital.Hishospitalisonavan.Thereisanoperatingtable(手术台),amedicine(药)boxandeverythingelse.Hewantstotreatbirdsandanimals.Dr.Val’shospitalhasbeenopenforabout10years.Valloveshiswork.Heisverybusy.Hehassavedmanyanimalpets.Dr.Valsays:“Wewantsomemoretravelinghospitals.Ihopesomeotherpeoplecanhavetheirtravelinghospitals.Wemustlookafteranimalswell.”Wouldyouliketohaveahospitalforanimals?
()1.Manypeoplehaveanimalsastheirpets.
()2.Whentheirpetanimalsaresickorhurt,peopleusuallytakethemtoananimalhospital.
()3.DoctorValhasahospitalforanimalsathome.
()4.ManysickpeoplegotoDr.Val’stravelinghospital.
()5.Dr.Vallikeshisworkverymuch.
VII.Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的单词或词语，完成短文):5%
Mrs.Hillsisanoldwoman.In1984herhusbanddied.Shehad___1___moneyatall.Thenshefoundajobinafactory.She___2___getupat5o’clockinthemorning.Lastyearshewasillandherdoctorsaid,“Don’tworksohard.”NowMrs.Hillsellsnewspapers___3___abigshopinthemiddleoftown.She___4___doesn’thavemuchmoneybutsheismuch___5___now.
()1.A.notB.someC.anyD.no
()2.A.musttoB.hadtoC.hastoD.haveto
()3.A.outsideB.infrontC.outofD.theotherthing
()4.A.alwaysB.alreadyC.yetD.still
()5.A.happilyB.happyC.happierD.morehappily
VIII.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish(把下列句子翻译成英语):10%
1.现在，许多人把小狗作为宠物养。
Nowadays,manypeople_____________________________________________
2.每天带它去公园散步。
________________________________________inapark.
3.它们能把其他一些动物带回到农场主那里。
Theycan__________________________________________________________
4.狗能帮助警方抓小偷。
Dogs_____________________________________________________________
5.你最喜欢哪一个?
希望同学们能够认真阅读初一英语测试题第二单元，努力提高自己的学习成绩。
篇3：初一英语第二十六单元
内容
一、教法建议
【 抛砖引玉 】
单元双基学习目标
Ⅰ. 词汇学习
but , say , cook , housework , uncle , machine , like ( prep . ) , know , not…at all , do housework
Number : 101 - 199
Ⅱ. 交际英语
She likes cooking , but she doesn't like doing housework .
She likes bananas a lot / very much / a little .
I don't like it at all .
Does she like eggs ?
Yes , she does .
No , she doesn't .
Do you like cooking ?
Yes , I do . No , I don't
Ⅲ . 语音学习
辅音字母组合 ch、sh、th、wh 的读音
Ⅳ. 语法学习
在一般现在时，主语是单数第三人称时，谓语动词的变化。
【 指点迷津 】
单元重点词汇点拨
1 . but 但是
The sweater is nice , but it's too small .
They want to go there , but I don't .
We like playing football , but have no time .
〖 点拨 〗but 为并列连词，表示意思上的转折，连接两个并列成份，当连接两个并列分句时，后面分句中的有些词可省略。汉语可说“虽然……但是……”，但英语中只能说一个：though……，……。或者……，but……。试比较：
Though she was ill , she went to school . = She was ill , but she went to school .
2 . cook 烹调，煮，烧
Who will cook the lunch today ?
She will cook you a delicious meal .
I'm going to cook all day tomorrow .
〖 点拨 〗cook还作“厨师，炊事员”。不要把 cooker 当成厨师，cooker 是炊具，如炉、锅一类。do some cooking 做饭菜。
Are you a cook ? 你是炊事员吗 ?
My father always does some cooking at weekends . 我父亲总是周末下厨。
3 . housework 家务劳动
We do a lot of housework on Sundays .
She is good at housework . 她善做家务。
〖 点拨 〗housework 为不可数名词。前面已经学习过的homework (家庭作业) 也是不可数名词。以后还会接触到下面一些不可数名词：news消息，advice建议，furniture家具，information信息……
4 . uncle 叔；伯；舅；姨父；姑父
Uncle Wang is watching TV .
Is Uncle Li a worker or a teacher ?
Uncle Chen , nice to see you . 陈伯伯，见到你真高兴。
〖 点拨 〗一个舅an uncle。另外注意Uncle Wang“王叔叔”的英语和汉语在表达上的区别。
5 . machine 机器
What's wrong with the machine ? 这机器出了什么毛病 ?
There is nothing wrong with the machine . 这机器没毛病。
〖 点拨 〗a washing-machine洗衣机。a sewing-machine缝纫机。
单元词组思维运用
1 . not…at all 一点也不，完全不
He isn't a student at all .
They can't speak Chinese at all .
〖 提示 〗not…at all 用于否定句中，起强调作用，加强语气。请注意 not at all 在单独使用时的意思为“不用谢”，用于回答别人表示谢意时。如：
-Thanks a lot .
-Not at all .
另外，注意不要混淆了not a little (很，非常) 和not a bit的意思。试对比：
After walking so far , I am not a little tired . 走了这么远的路，我很累。
Though I have walked so far , I am not a bit tired . 尽管走了那么远的路，我一点也不累。
2 . like + doing喜欢干
I like swimming , but I don't like making things .
like doing sth 与 like to do sth 在意义上没什么区别。不过，如表示一般的行为，用 v - ing 形式居多，如表示特定的或具体的动作，用 to do 居多。如 I like swimming . ( 我喜欢游泳，指一般情况下如此 ) ；I don't like to swim today . ( 我今天不喜欢游泳。特定日期 ) 。 ( 我今天不喜欢游泳。特定日期 ) 。
3 . like a bike / plane 像自行车 ( 像飞机 )
He wants to ride the machine like a bike and fly it like a plane . 他想骑上这部机器，既能像自行车一样驾驶，又能像飞机一样飞行。
He speaks English like an Englishman . 他讲英语就像英国人一样。
You are like my little daughter . 你像我的小女儿。
注意 like 的动词用法与介词用法。
4 . do housework 做家务
做很多家务活 do a lot of housework
二、学海导航
【 学法指要 】
单元句型思路明晰
生活中喜欢与爱好的表达：
主 + like / likes…very much / a lot , a little . …非常 ( 有点 ) 喜欢……
I like English very much .
He likes playing basketball a lot .
They like Chinese food a little .
Do you / they like… ? 你 ( 他们 ) 喜欢…吗 ?
Do you like to swim at this time of night ?
Does she like doing housework ?
Do they like bananas ?
I / We , You , They don't ( He / She , It doesn't ) like…at all . 我 ( 我们，你，你们，他们 ) 根本不喜欢……
She doesn't like that book at all . 她根本不喜欢那本书。
I don't like milk at all . 我一点也不喜欢牛奶。
单元难点疑点释疑
1 . a lot
a lot 意思是许多，非常。修饰动词。例如：
We like our English teacher a lot .
They help us a lot .
2 . Mike doesn't like rice , bananas , eggs or bread . 迈克不喜欢 ( 吃 ) 米饭、香蕉、鸡蛋和面包。or 是连词，意思是“或者”。在否定句中表示并列关系时，常用 or 连接， 把连接的部分都否定掉，而不用 and。例如：
She doesn't like reading or writing . 她不喜欢读书和写字。
He has no brothers or sisters . 他没有兄弟姐妹。
3 . Uncle Wang likes making things . 王叔叔喜欢制做东西。
He wants to ride the machine like a bike - and fly it like a plane ! 他想像骑自行车那样骑机器 -- 像驾驶飞机那样驾驶它飞。
第一句中的 like ( 喜欢 ) 是动词。
第二句的 like ( 像……一样 ) 是介词。
例如：a . I like drinking tea . 我喜欢喝茶。
b . He makes faces like a monkey . 他像猴子一样做鬼脸。
c . Like father like son .有其父必有其子。
4 . Not today . Come back tomorrow . 现在不行，或许将来行。
这是个省略句，全句应为 It can't fly today . But it will come back tomorrow . 句中 tomorrow 指的是“将来的某一天”、“总有一天”。
【 妙文赏析 】
Violin Lessons
“ Daddy , can I learn to play the violin ? ” young Sarah asked her father . She was always asking for things and her father was not very pleased .
“ You cost me a lot of money , Sarah , ” he said . “ First you wanted to learn horse riding , then dancing , then swimming . Now it’s the violin . ”
“ I’ll play every day , Daddy , ” Sarah said . “ I’ll try very hard . ”
“ All right , ” her father said . ” This is what I’ll pay for you to have lessons for six weeks . At the end of six weeks you must play something for me . If you play well , you can have more lessons . If you play badly , I will stop the lessons . ”
“ O . K . , Daddy , ” Sarah said . “ That is fair . ”
He soon found a good violin teacher and Sarah began her lessons . The teacher was very expensive , but her father kept his promise .
The went to the living room and said , “ I’m ready to play for you , Daddy . ”
“ Fine , Sarah , ” her father said . “ Begin . ”
She began to play . She played very badly . She made a terrible noise .
Her father had one of his friends with him , and the friend put his hands over his ears .
When Sarah finished , her father said , “ Well done , Sarah . You can have more lessons . ”
Sarah ran happily out of the room . Her father’s friend turned to him . “ You’ve spent a lot of money , but she still plays very badly , ” he aid .
“ Well , that’s true , ” her father said . “ But since she started learning the violin I’ve been able to buy five apartments in this building very cheaply . In another six weeks I’ll own the whole building ! ”
注释：violin 小提琴。pleased 高兴的；满意的。 cost 花费。fair 公平的。keep a promise 遵守诺言。terrible 可怕的。noise 噪音。own 拥有
【 思维体操 】
1
Sometimes it looks like a boat ,
And sometimes it looks like a plate ,
But it's not a boat or plate ,
Please tell me what is it .
2
I have no hands and arms ,
But only legs and feet ,
I'm with you at your meals ,
But never can I eat .
答案：1 . Moon 2 . Table
三、智能显示
【 心中有数 】
单元语法发散思维
The Present Indefinite Tense ( 一般现在时 )
前面我们已经讲过一般现在时的概念及其非第三人称单数主语的句型结构。
下面我们分三种情况来研究主语是第三人称单数的谓语构成。
1 . 动词 be 若主语是第三人称单数用 is。
Tom is a boy .
2 . 动词 have 若主语里第三人称单数用 has。
He has a lot of books .
3 . 行为动词。若主语里第三人称单数，谓语动词要在词尾 + s 或 es。
He likes flying kite .
Mary gets up at 6 in the morning .
He files the kite every Sunday .
【 动手动脑 】
单元能力立体检测
A. 认真阅读短文后，完成所缺空格：
We come ( 1 ) Australia . We ( 2 ) English and we can speak a ( 3 ) Chinese , ( 4 ) . We are in China now and China is ( 5 ) ! The people and the food are good , too .
I'm ( 6 ) in a middle school here . I ( 7 ) to play with my Chinese ( 8 ) here . My parents ask me to go ( 9 ) ( 10 ) to Australia to spend this winter . But I say “No ! ” .
答案与提示：1 . from 2 . speak 3 . little 4 . too 5 . great 6 . studying 7 . like 8 . friends 9 . back 10 . home 。 空1“来自……”只能是 come “from”。空2“speak”English 表示“说英语”，空2不填 are，因为填 lot，那么就少一空填 of，只有 a lot of 才能修饰 Chinese。空5应该填一形容词，great 为最佳答案，意思是“伟大的”。空6后有“in a middle school”，一般情况下应是学习在某学校，空6前有 am，只能填 studying，构成现在进行时。空7表示喜欢做某事，应是 like to do sth。空9和空10表示“回家到……”应该填 back home，那么 go back home 就是“回家”的意思。
B. 用 and , or 或 but 填空
1 . Is th is machine a bike ____ a plane ?
2 . You can see my father , my mother ____ my brother in this picture .
3 . The box is full of food , ____ it isn't heavy .
4 . Look ! Some girls are sitting under the tree , ____ they are singing in English .
5 . The boys aren't playing basketball ____ foot ball over there . They are flying a kite .
6 . I don't like watching TV at this time of day , _____ I'd like to watch TV in the evening .
C. 完成下列句子，每空填一词
1 . 那儿有一位英国警察。他有一张英国地图。
There is ____ ____ policeman over there . He ____ a map ____ ______ .
2 . 这条裤子看上去像她的。请给她。
The trousers ____ ____ ____ . Please ____ ____ ____ ____ .
3 . 布朗先生是加拿大人。他喜欢中国食品。他会说一点汉语。
Mr Brown is ____ ____ . He ____ ____ food .
He can ____ ____ ____ ____ .
4 . 我喜欢看书和踢足球，但是我弟弟不喜欢看书，他非常喜欢看电视。
I like ____ and ____ football . ____ my brother ____ ____ ____ . He ____ ______TV ____ ____ .
5 . 谁会修我的自行车 ? 我想你可以去问王叔叔。他会修，而且他乐于助人。
Who ____ ____ my bike ?
I think you ____ ____ Uncle Wang . He ____ ____ bikes . And he ____ ____ others .
答案：B. 1 . or 2 . and 3 . but 4 . and 5 . or 6 . but C. 1 . an , English , has , of , England 2 . look , like , hers , give , them , to , her 3 . from , Canada , likes , Chinese , speak , a , little , Chinese 4 . reading , playing , But , doesn't , like , reading , likes , watching , very , much ( 或 a lot ) 5 . can , mend , can , ask , can , mend , likes helping
【 创新园地 】
下面短文的每一句均有一处错误，指出来并改正在句后横线上。
There is fruit shop near my house . 1 . ______
It open at 8∶00 in the morning . 2 . ______
It sells lot of fruits . We often buy 3 . ______
apples , oranges or pears there . 4 . ______
The apple is 6 yuans a kilo . 5 . ______
The orange is 4 dollar a kilo . 6 . ______
I like it all . 7 . ______
( 请同学们把你改好的答案反馈给我们 )
创新园地答案与解析：
1 . is 后加 a 2 . open 改为 opens 3 . lot 前加 a 4 . or 改为 and 5 . yuans 改为 yuan 6 . dollar 改为 dollars 7 . it 改为 them 句 I fruit shop 为单数，前面应加上冠词 a，表示“一个水果店”。句2主语 it 为第三人称单数，谓语动词 open 应用三单形式。句3“一些”应该是 a lot of。句4肯定句中的并列选项倒数第1与倒数第2个之间用 and 连接。句5“元”的 yuan 是不可数名词，不能加 - s。句6 dollar ( 美元 ) 是可数名词，应在词后加 - s 表示复数。句7意思是“它们我全都喜欢”。“它们”应是 they 的宾格 them。
篇4：初一英语第二十八单元
内容
一、在二十八单元里应该掌握的单词如下：
1．up向上 2．late迟到的，晚的（地） 3．early早地 4．week周
5．weekday周日 6．breakfast早餐 7．leave离开 8．begin开始 9．lunch午餐
10．middle中间 11．supper晚餐 12．wash洗；漱 13．off（离）开
14．then那么，然后 15．by乘（车，船，飞机） 16．often经常
17．sometimes有时
以上这些单词有些曾经学过，用过，下面提示一些学过的，并常用的一些单词。
1．stand up 站起来，come up 走过来，put up 举起来等等。
2．Come to school early. 很早来到学校。
3．How many days are there in a week. 一周有几天？
4．Let’s begin our class. 我们开始上课吧。
5．in the middle of 在……中间，a middle School 一所中学
6．She goes to school by bus. 她乘车上学。
二、在本单元里应该掌握的短语如下：
1．get up起床 2．be late迟到 3．put on穿上 4．school clothes校服
5．speak to sb.对某人讲话 6．have breakfast (lunch, supper)吃早、午、晚饭
7．leave home离开家 8．begin school开学 9．on Sundays在星期日
10．on weekdays在平日 11．in the morning在早晨
12．in the middle of the day在中午=at noon 13．in the evening在晚上
14．take off脱下（衣服、鞋等） 15．play games做游戏 16．go home回家
17．go to bed去睡觉 18．get to school到校 19．do my homework做家庭作业
本单元词组比较多，但在初学英语时应该将这些常用词组背下来，默下来并且能够应用在实际生活中。
三、二十八单元的主要句型是：“What time do you get up?”你几点起床？
其实在本单元中用新的单词和词组进一步复习巩固第二十七单元中所学的一般现在时。
what time=when当……的时候。因为也可以说：When do you get up?
请试着回答下列问题：
1．What time do you get up? 你几点起床？
2．What time do you have your breakfast? 你几点吃早饭？
3．What time do you go to school? 你几点去上学？
4．What time do you begin your classes? 你们几点开始上课？
5．What time do you have your lunch? 你们几点吃午饭？
6．What time do you go home? 你几点回家？
7．What time do you do your homework? 你几点做家庭作业？
8．What time do you have your supper? 你几点吃晚饭？
9．What time do you go to bed? 你几点睡觉？
10．What time do you play games? 你什么时候做游戏？（运动）
回答上面的问题也必须用一般现在时态，请参考下列答案。
1．I get up at six.
2．I have my breakfast at half past six. (6:30)
3．I go to school at seven.
4．We begin our classes at seven forty.
5．We have our lunch at twelve ten. (ten past twelve)
6．I go home at four in the afternoon.
7．I do my homework at six in the evening. (after supper) 晚饭后
8．I have my supper at seven in the evening.
9．I go to bed very late, at about eleven. 我睡觉很晚，大约11点钟。
10．We play games after school, at about five o’clock. 我们放学后运动，大约五点钟。
这里要注意的是：具体时间前面要用介词at，不能使用其它介词表示时间。
如果表示大约的时间应该用about，例如：at about three大约三点钟左右。
刚才练习的十个句子都使用了第二人称，因此助动词一律用“do”表示。如果主语是第三人称单数必须注意动词和助动词的变化。
例如：1．What time does he get up? 答：He gets up at six.
2．What time does she go to school? 答：She goes to school at seven.
3．What time does Mary do her homework? 答：She does her homework after supper.
注：上面的句子中出现过两个句型：
I have my breakfast at half part six. She does her homework after supper.
句子中的两个物主代词是一种习惯用法。在翻译中不必译出它们的实际意义。
四、时间表达法。
在本单元中又一次出现了时间的表达。
比如：What time do you get up in the morning? 早晨你几点起床？
I get up at six in the morning. 我早晨六点钟起床。
1．在表达整点时应该用o’clock.有时可以省略。
比如：6:00~six o’clock或者说：six. 7:00~seven o’clock或者说：seven.
2．在表达半点时有两种方法。
比如：6:30~half past six.或者说：six thirty. past在这里是“过了”的意思。
3．在表达几点过几分时应该先说分后说点。
比如：7:10~ten past seven.或者说：seven ten.
8:15~fifteen past eight.或者说：a quarter past eight.这里的a quarter是四分之一的意思。
4．表达差几分几点时应该用“to”表示。
比如：9:50~ten to ten.先说分后说整点。
10:45~ten forty-five或者说：a quarter to eleven.
总之：在表达时间上大体用past表示过了几点，用to表示差几分钟几点，先说分后说整点。
五、请记住下面两个句型：
It’s time for…/ It’s time to…该到…的时间了。
注：for后面直接加名词，to的后面直接加动词。
例如：该上课了。It’s time for class.（直接+名词）
It’s time to begin the class.（直接+动词）
六、请翻译下面的句子：
1．现在是早晨七点钟了。该吃早饭了。
2．现在七点半钟。该上学了。
3．现在是下午三点一刻。该回家了。
4．现在是下午四点五十分。该写作业了。
5．现在是晚上九点。该睡觉了。
参考答案：
1．It’s seven o’clock in the morning. It’s time for breakfast.
2．It’s half past seven now. It’s time to go to school.
3．It’s a quarter past three in the afternoon. It’s time to go home.
4．It’s ten to five in the afternoon. It’s time to do homework.
5．It’s nine o’clock at night. It’s time to go to bed.或It’s time for bed.
七、请将下面的对话译成中文：
A：Hi! Do you want to speak English with me?
B：Certainly.
A：What time do you get up on weekdays? At seven?
B：No, that’s too late. I get up at 6:30.
A：Oh, but I get up at seven. My home is near the school. Do you have lunch at home?
B：No, I have lunch at school. After lunch I play games with my friends.
A：Great! What about Wu Dong?
B：I think she has lunch at home. Her home is near here.
A：Oh, Miss Gao is coming. It’s time to begin our English class.
B：Let’s go in.
参考答案：
A：你好！你想和我练英语吗？
B：当然想练了。
A：平日你几点起床？七点吗？
B：不。七点太晚了，我六点半起床。
A：噢，但是我七点起床，我家离学校很近。你在家吃午饭吗？
B：不，我在学校吃午饭。午饭后，我和朋友们一块做游戏（运动）。
A：太棒了！那么吴东呢？
B：我想她在家吃午饭，因为她家离这很近。
A：啊！高老师来了。该上英语课了。
B：咱们进去吧！
八、阅读下列短文，并针对这篇短文提出十个问题。
On Weekdays, I get up at 6:30. I have breakfast at 7:00 and then I go to school. I go to school by bike. I get to school at about 7:30 every day. I don’t like to be late. We begin classes at 8:00.
We have lunch in the middle of the day. In the afternoon, classes are over at 3:30, and I get home at about 4:00. But often we play games, and I get home at 5:00. We have supper at about 6:00.
In the evening I do my homework. I often watch TV, but sometimes I read. I go to bed at about 10:00.
参考答案：
1．When do you get up?
2．What time do you have your breakfast?
3．Do you go to school by bike?
4．What time do you get to school every day?
5．What time do you begin classes? 或：What time do the classes begin?
6．What time do you have lunch?
7．What time are classes over?
8．What time do you get home in the afternoon?
9．What time do you have supper?
10．What time do you go to bed?
篇5：初一英语第二十七单元
内容
一、在二十七单元里通过对话，要求学生掌握一般现在时的时态。在本单元里应该掌握的单词如下：
1.driver（司机）；2.farmer（农民）；3.soldier（士兵）；4.people（人民）；
5.work（工作）；6.turn（轮流）；7.talk（谈话）；8.London（伦敦）；9.teach（教）；10.friendly（友好的）；11.son（儿子）；12.daughter（女儿）；13.same（同样的）；
14.different（不同的）
二、本单元中应该掌握的词组如下：
1.on a farm（在农场里）；2.in a factory（在工厂里）；3.in a shop（在商店里）；
4.in a school（在学校里）；5.It’s your turn.（该轮到你了）；6.a middle school（一所中学）；
7.speak English（讲英语）；8.go to Chinese class（去上中文课）；9.every week（每周）；
10.in China（在中国）；11.a lot（许多）；12.in the same school1（在同一所学校）；
13.go to a different school（去一所不同的学校）；14.the Chinese People（中国人民）。
三、本单元的重点语法是一般现在时。
一般现在时用来表示经常性，规律性的或习惯性的动作。每个时态都有六种句型。
1.肯定句型；2.否定句型；3.一般疑问句型；4.特殊疑问句型；5.反意疑问句型；
6)选择疑问句型。
一般现在时的句型变化比较麻烦，因为它的动词必须要与主语一致。也可以说动词有数的变化。请看下列句型的变化规律。
1.肯定句：I often get up at six in the morning. 我早晨经常六点钟起床。
She often gets up at six in the morning. 她早晨经常六点钟起床。
注：第二句的主语是第三人称单数形式，因此动词get就要在词尾加“s”，这就叫做第三人称单数形式。在其它句型中也要有相应的变化。
2.否定句：We don’t go to school on Sundays. 星期日我们不上学。
Xiao Hong doesn’t go to school on Sundays. 小红星期日不上学。
注：在否定句中出现了两个助动词don’t和doesn’t这两个助动词必须与主语一致才行。除了主语是第三人称单数形式用doesn’t之外，其它人称一律用don’t，但这两个助动词后面都一律跟动词原形。构成一个句子的谓语部分。
3.一般疑问句：Do you like swimming? Yes, I do.／No, I don’t.
你喜欢游泳吗？ 喜欢。 不喜欢。
Does your sister like swimming? Yes, she does. ／No, she doesn’t.
你妹妹喜欢游泳吗？ 她喜欢。 她不喜欢。
注：在一般疑问句中出现了Do和Does这两个助动词，这与以上句型的规则一样除了第三人称单数用Does之外，其它人称一律用Do。但是这两个助动词后面一律加动词原形构成谓语部分。
4.特殊疑问句：What do you often do after school? 你放学后经常干什么？
I often play basketball. 我放学后常打篮球。
What does he do after school? 他放学后常干什么？
He likes doing his homework. 他喜欢做家庭作业。
注：一般现在时的特殊疑问句型的构成是：特殊疑问词＋助动词＋主语＋动词原形？
在句型构成的过程中要注意主语与动词的一致。
5.反意疑问句：You speak English very well, don’t you? 你的英语说得非常好，不是吗？
Mary speaks Chinese very well, doesn’t she?玛丽的中文说得非常好,是吗？
注：一般现在时的反意疑问句的构成是：前面是一个完整的陈述句，而后面是一个不完整的疑问，需要注意的是：后面不完整的疑问部分要用助动词don’t或doesn’t后面加上人称代词，助动词的选择要与人称一致。
6.选择疑问句：Do you like English or maths? 你喜欢英语还是数学？
I like English. 我喜欢英语。
注：一般现在时的选择疑问句与其它时态的选择疑问句构成方式一样。用or连接两个一般疑问句。回答时不用yes或No，应直接回答。
四、请用一般现在时回答下列各句：
1.Do you have a brother? 你有兄弟吗？
2.Do you speak English? 你讲英语吗？
3.Does she work here? 她是在这工作吗？
4.Where does she study? 她在哪儿学习？
5.What do you teach? 你在哪儿教书？
参考答案：
1.Yes, I do. 或No, I don’t.
2.No, I don’t.
3.Yes, she does. 或No, she doesn’t.
4.She studies in No. 2 Middle school.
5.I teach English.
五、动词变成第三人称单数时应该按照以下几个规则进行变化：
1.大部分动词在词尾直接加“s”。例如：work-works（工作）；drive-driver（驾驶）
2.以s、x、ch、sh、o结尾的单词在词尾加“es”。例如：teach-teaches（教）；
wash-washes（洗）；go-goes（去）；do-does（做）；
3.以y结尾的动词有两种。①如果是元音字母＋y结尾的单词，那么在词尾直接加“s”。②如果是以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，就要变“y”为“i”再加“es”。
例如：play-plays（玩）；study-studies（学习）。以上三条变化规则与名词变复数是一样的。
六、将下列动词变成第三人称单数形式并将单词译成中文。
1.stand；2.sit；3.make；4.do；5.play；6.look；7.listen；8.sing；9.drink；10.ask；11.write；12.mend；13.watch；14.fly；15.go。
参考答案：
1.-stands（站）；2.-sits（坐）；3.-makes（制做）；4.-does（做）；
5.-plays（玩）；6.-looks（看）；7.-listens（听）；8.-sings（唱）；
9.-drinks（喝）；10.-asks（问）；11.-writes（写）；12.-mends（修补）；
13.-watches（观看）；14.-flies（飞，放）；15.-goes（去，走）。
七、将下列各句改为一般疑问句并做肯定和否定回答：
1.Jim likes apples. 2.He works on a farm. 3.They study in No. 4 Middle School.
4.Miss Gao teaches in a school. 5.We live near here. 6.I speak Chinese.
参考答案：
1.Does Jim like apples? Yes, he does.或No, he doesn’t.
2.Does he work on a farm? Yes, he does.或No, he doesn’t.
3.Do they study in No. 4 Middle School? Yes, they do.或No, they don’t.
4.Does Miss Gao teach in a school? Yes, she does. 或No, she doesn’t.
5.Do you live near here? Yes, we do. 或No, we don’t.
6.Do you speak Chinese? Yes, I do. 或No, I don’t.
八、按括号中要求改写句子：
1.Uncle Wang works in a factory near here.（改为一般疑问句）
2.Lucy does her homework in the afternoon.（改为否定句）
3.Her brother is a farmer.（对划线部分提问）
4.Mr. Green likes working in China.（对划线部分提问）
5.My father works on a farm.（对划线部分提问）
6.Kate’s mother teaches English in China.（就划线部分提问）
7.Mr. Green is from England.（对划线部分提问）
8.He says the Chinese People are very friendly.（对划线部分提问）
9.Kate has supper at home.（改为一般疑问句）
10.She studies in No. 1 Middle School.（对划线部分提问）
参考答案：
1.Does Uncle Wang work in a factory near here?
2.Lucy doesn’t do her homework in the afternoon.
3.What is her brother?
4.What does Mr. Green like in China?
5.Where does your father work?
6.What does Kate’s mother teach in China?
7.Where is Mr. Green from?
8.What does he say?
9.Does Kate have supper at home?
10.In which middle school does she study?
篇6：初一英语第二单元测试题
初一英语第二单元测试题
（一）基础：引导词---who, which, that, whom,
1.I like cities___________are quiet and clean.
2.I prefer students _________are hard- working.
3.I hate TV shows _________ are noisy and boring.
4.The music __________ is gentle and quiet attracts me a lot.
5.The food __________tastes delicious is not always healthy.
6.Those boys ___________ are playing basketballs over there are from Class Fifteen.
7.The books ____________ are written by Lu Xun are worth reading.
8.The town ___we visited last week is much larger than before.9.The book ___ he bought is very interesting.
（二）特例：只用that的'情况
1先行词被___________或___________所修饰，或本身是______________________时，只能用 that，
2.被修饰的先行词为 ________________________________________________等不定代词时, 只能用 that.
3.先行词被 _____________________________________________等词修饰时，只能用 that，而不用 which。
4.先行词里同时含有______________________，如I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
5. 以______________________引导的特殊疑问句，只能用that.如： Who is the girl that is crying?
6. He was the first person _______passed the exam.
7.He talked happily about the men and books________interested him greatly.
篇7：九年级英语第二十四单元
科目 英语
年级 初三
文件 middle3 unit24.doc
标题 Mainly Revision
章节 第二十四单元
关键词
内容
一、教法建议
【抛砖引玉】
单元双基学习目标
Ⅰ. 词汇学习
rock , hardly , low , rise , famous , photograph , at the foot of , at all , fly over , a line of mountains , ask for
Ⅱ. 句型学习
I like writing to my penfriend , but it takes a lot of time .
Though much of its land is sand , it grows a lot of fruit .
Hardly any .
None at all .
Ⅲ. 交际英语
谈论某一国家的地理位置及气候、特征。
【指点迷津】
单元重点词汇点拨
1 . take 耗费 ( 时间 ) ；需要 ( 多少时间 )
It may take me several weeks to get back .
It will take them three hours to do this work .
This work will take them three hours .
〖点拨〗take 的过去式took，过去分词 taken。It takes sb . some time to do sth . 某人花费多少时间做某事。
2 . rock 岩石；大石头
They found a good place in the rocks .
〖点拨〗rock 主要指巨石、暗礁，stone 主要指小石块。
3 . hardly 几乎不；简直不
I'm so tired that I can hardly walk .
That is hardly possible .
There is hardly a cloud in the sky .
〖点拨〗hardly 作“简直不”讲时，多和 can 连用，hardly 后面可以接用 when 引导的从句，意思是“一……就……”。如：He had hardly walked into the classroom when it began to rain cats and dogs . 他刚一进教室，天就下起了大雨。
4 . sky 天空
There were no clouds in the sky .
〖点拨〗sky 通常用作单数，与定冠词连用。如有形容词修饰时，可与不定冠词连用。
a blue sky 蔚蓝的天空。in the sky在天空。
5 . rise 上升，上涨
The sun rises in the east .
After the heavy rain the river will rise .
Prices continue to rise .
〖点拨〗rise 的过去式是rose，过去分词为 risen。rise 是不及物动词，表示的是自然界中，日、月、水位、物价等的自然上升。
6 . grass 草，草地
Sheep live on grass .
Keep off the grass ! 请勿践踏草地 ！
〖点拨〗grass常作不可数名词用。a leaf of grass 一片草叶。
7 . famous 著名的
The town is famous for its hot springs .
He is a famous man .
〖点拨〗be famous for 以……而著名。be famous as 作为……而出名。
My uncle is famous for his songs .
Her sister is famous as a singer .
单元词组思维运用
1 . neither of 两者皆不
Neither of my parents enjoys good health . 我父母的身体都不健康。
〖说明〗①neither of 只表示“两个人或物都不”，不能用来表示两个以上的人或物。谓语动词用单数。若表示两个以上的人或物，就得用 none , not one , not any .
②both of 则表示“两者都”，either of 则表示“两者中任一”，如：
Both of them have come . 他们俩都来了。
Neither of them has come . 他们俩都没来。
Either of them has come . 他们俩全都来了。
〖说明〗both of 着重指整体“两者都”，either 虽然也有“两者都”之意，但强调“两者中的任何一个”。故：both of 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。either of 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。作形容词时，both 修饰复数名词，either 修饰单数名词。neither 作形容词，也是修饰单数名词。如：
You can sit on either of the end of the boat .
Both answers are correct . 两个答案都对。
Either answer is correct . 两个 ( 中的任何一个 ) 答案都对。
Neither answer is correct . 两个答案都不对。
2 . at first 起初，开始时
At first the baby was happy . Half an hour later she began to cry .
at last 最后，终于／at the beginning of 起初
At last he had an idea . 终于，他有了主意。
I found a job at the beginning of last month . 上月初我找到一份工作。
3 . climb up 攀登，爬上
There he gets out of the lift and climbs up to the fifteenth floor on foot .
4 . at the foot of 在……的底部 ( 脚下 )
There is a small river at the foot of the hill .
5 . go down 下去， ( 日，月等 ) 落下
The sun has gone down .
The wind has gone down a little .
6 . have a great time =enjoy oneself过得愉快极了
I had a great time during the holidays .
―Did you have a great time at her birthday party ?
―Yes , we had a great ( good , nice , wonderful ) time .
7 . at all 全然；究竟
①用于否定句，意为“一点儿也不”，“完全不”。
I didn't understand anything at all .
No problem at all . 完全不成问题。
②用于疑问句，意为“究竟”，“到底”，“真的”。
Do you know it at all ?
8 . be interested in 对…感兴趣
At the age of eight he became very interested in maths .
9 . have a big smile 满面笑容
You can see from my photograph that I have a big smile and long black hair .
He had a big smile when I met him next .
10 . ask for 要求，约请
Mary asked for time to think this over .
11 . be covered with 覆盖着
The table is covered with a cloth .
The mountains were covered with snow .
二、学海导航
【学法指要】
单元难点疑点思路明晰
1 . 由 though 引导的状语从句的句型
Though I like writing to my penfriend , it takes a lot of time . 虽然我喜欢给笔友写信，但花了很多时间。
※ 由连词 though ( 虽然 ) 引导的状语从句，全句中有“但是”之意，然而 thought 与 but 不能前后连用，只能用其中一个。上句也可以说成：
I like writing to my penfriend , but it takes a lot of time .
※ though 引出的从句放在句首时，从句后面要有逗号。但也可将 though 引出的状语从句放在主句之后。
Though it was raining , he went there .
He didn't do this work well though he did his best . 虽然他尽了最大努力，但还是没干好这工作。
※ though 常与 even 连用，表示强调。如：
Even though I didn't understand a word , I kept smiling .
2 . 由 after 引导的时间状语从句的句型
But after we left the mountains behind us , there was hardly a cloud in the sky . 然而当我们把群山峻岭甩在后面后，天空几乎万里万云。
※ after we left the mountains behind us，是由连词 after 引导的时间状语从句。引导时间状语从句的还可由 when , while , before , till , since 等词引起。
leave behind 是“把 ( 某物 ) 留在 ( 某物 ) 的后面”。
由 after 引导的时间状语从句举例如下：
After we had finished lunch , we all sat on the grass .
※ after 引导的从句，有时放在主句之后。如：
I arrived at the station after the train had left .
3 . They say that… =It is said that … 据说
…and they say that there are ten sheep for every person . 据说每人占有十头羊。
句中的 they 并没有具体的对象，泛指人们 ( people ) 。
They say that… =People say that… =It is said that… 如：
It is said that he will leave in a few days . 据说他过几天就要动身。
4 . How often do you write ? 你们隔多久通一次信 ?
( 1 ) How often 常用来询问动作的频率，回答可用：some times／very often／not too often／once／twice／three times a year…有时／经常／一年一次 ( 二次／三次 ) 等。例如：
―How often do you go to see your grandmother in the countryside ? 你多久去看一次住在农村的祖母 ?
―Twice a year . 一年去两次。
( 2 ) 注意下面以 how 提问的句子的准确含意。
―How long have you waited here ?
― For about two hours .
how long 表示动作或状态“延续的时间”。
―How much time did you spend on this work ?
― Just a week .
how much time 表示一个“总的时间量”。
5 . …because neither of us has much time . ……因为我们俩没有太多的时间。
neither 意为：两者中任意一个“都不”。所以句中的相关动词或名词应该用单数形式。此句中用 has , 不能用 have。句中的 neither 是代词。例如：
Neither answer is right . 两个答案都不对。 ( 两者中，无论哪个答案都不对。 )
句中的 neither 是形容词，名词 answer 及动词 be 都用单数形式。
Neither of them knows her . 他们俩都不认识她。
6 . Both John and Ann have got penfriends . 约翰和安 ( 两人 ) 都有笔友。
( 1 ) both…and…“对方都；又……又……”，构成关联连词。例如：
She is both beautiful and kind . 她又漂亮又亲切。
She can both sing and dance . 她能歌善舞。
( 2 ) both 在句中还常作形容词和代词。例如：
Both brothers are in Japan . ( both 是形容词 )
Both of the brothers are in Japan . ( both 是代词 )
I saw them both yesterday .
They both went out .
neither…nor…与 either…or…的用法：
neither…nor… ( 连词 ) “既不……又不……”。例如：
It is neither hot nor cold .
Neither you nor he is right . =Neither he nor you are right .
either…or… ( 连词 ) “或……或……”。例如：
Either you or he is right . =Either he or you are right .
7 . …but I can't spend much time on it . ……但我不能在它上面花很多的时间。
( 1 ) spend time on something “在某事上花时间”。例如：
I spent two hours on my homework .
( 2 ) spend money on something “花钱买东西”。例如：
He spent about four hundred yuan on this bicycle .
( 3 ) spend time ( in ) doing something “花时间做某事”。例如：
The young man spent three years ( in ) writing that book .
8 . Though I like writing to my penfriend , it takes a lot of time . 虽然我喜欢给笔友写信，但花了很多时间。
( 1 ) though 连词，“虽然”，引出一个状语从句。汉语中常说“虽然……但是……”，但在英语中用了 though , 就不用 but ; 同样用了 but 就不用 though。上面的句子也可说成：I like writing to my penfriend , but it takes a lot of time .
( 2 ) though 引出的从句放在句首时，从句后要写逗号，也可将 though 引出的从句放在主句后。例如：
Though it rained heavily , the football match still went on .
He didn't do this work well though he did his best .
9 . We've just returned from a short holiday at Ayers Rock . 我们刚从艾尔斯山短期度假归来。
( 1 ) return from a holiday “度假后回来”
( 2 ) Ayers Rock “艾尔斯山”，澳大利亚中部山脉。
10 . …so we flew most of the way . ……所以我们大部分旅途都乘飞机。
( 1 ) so 在此意为“因此，所以”，在句中作连词，因此不能说成 because…so… , 两个词只能分别使用一个。
( 2 ) flew 是 fly 的过去式。
11 . From Sydney we flew over a line of mountains in the southeast . 从悉尼起飞，我们越过澳大利亚东部的一系列山脉。
( 1 ) fly over “飞越”。over 意为“在……上面” ( 指空间 ) 。例如：
There is a light over Li Ming . 李明的上方有一盏灯。
( 2 ) a line of mountains 意为“群山”。
12 . But after we left the mountains behind us , there was hardly a cloud in the sky . 然而当我们把群山峻岭甩在后面时，天空几乎万里万云。
( 1 ) after we left the mountains behind us 在句中作状语，在语法上称作状语从句。
( 2 ) hardly 副词，意为“简直不，几乎不”，与之连用的句子属否定范畴。。例如：
We got hardly any news .
He could hardly say any words when he heard the bad news .
She can hardly speak French , can she ?
13 . Ayers Rock is a large , low mountain . 艾尔斯山是一座大而低矮的山。
low 形容词，“低的，矮的”。例如：
The temperature is very low . 温度很低。
You can hardly see any low houses in this new city .
14 . We started climbing up before it was light . 天亮之前，我们便开始登山。
( 1 ) climbing up 在此指“登山”。
( 2 ) it 指时间。
( 3 ) before it was light 意为“天亮之前”。
15 . Lower down , at the foot of the Ayers Rock , most of the ground is cove
red with forest and grass . 往低处走，在艾尔斯山脚下，大部分地面被森林和草地覆盖。
( 1 ) Lower down 及 at the foot of the Ayers Rock , 在句中作地点状语。
( 2 ) at the foot of…“在……的脚下”。例如：
Look , the cat is lying at the foot of the wall .
( 3 ) be covered with… “被……覆盖”。例如：
The road is covered with thick snow .
( 4 ) grass 是不可数名词。
16 . All around it is sand . 它 ( 艾尔斯山 ) 的周围都是沙漠。
这是个倒装句，正确的语序为：Sand is all around it .
17 . …and they say that there are ten sheep for every person . 据说每人占有10头羊。
句中的 they 并没有具体的对象，泛指人们 ( people ) 。
They say that… =It is said that…“据说”。
18 . I must stop writing now , as I have rather a lot of work to do . 现在我必须停笔了，因为我有相当多的事要做。
在此 as 为连词，“因为”，语气比 because 或 for 轻。例如：
As I am ill , I won't go .
Everybody likes him as he is kind .
19 . P . O . Box 7892 此为邮政信箱代号，P . O 为 Post Office 的缩写。
20 . You can see from my photograph that I have a big smile and long black hair . 从照片中，你可以看到我满脸笑容，长着长长的黑头发。
( 1 ) photograph 为书面语言，photo 多用于口语。
( 2 ) 句中 that 引导的宾语从句较长，所以将它放在状语 from my photograph 的后面。
21 . as , because , for 的异同
这三个词都可以作连词，表示原因或理由，其区别如下：
( 1 ) because 表示直接而明确的原因，它在这三个词中语意最强。它所连接的从句多是放在主句之后进行解释。在回答以“why”提问的问题时，也只能用 because . 如：
He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill .
I didn't go , because I was tired .
( 2 ) as 所表示的`理由，或者是明显的被人所众知的理由，或者是推理的理由。语意不如 because 强。如：
As it rained , I stayed at home . 因为下雨，所以我待在家中。 ( 下雨是人所共知的，呆在家中的理由不如生病呆在家中的理由充分，没有那样强的必要性 )
As it is going to rain , let's stop working . 快下雨了，让我们歇手吧。 ( 表示推理的理由 )
( 3 ) for 所论述的理由和原因多是解释性的补充说明，或是显而易见的。它的语意最弱，它少用于口语。for 所引导的分句总是放在句末，不可用于句首。如：
I asked him to stay to tea , for I had something to tell him .
The days were short , for it was now December .
22 . long 和 for a long time 的用法析难
※ long ( 作为表达时间的副词 ) 常用在否定句和疑问句中，在肯定句中一般不用 ( 除非同 so , too , as…as… , enough 连用 ) 它。而用 ( for ) a long time . 如：
Have you been working here long ?
How long have you known him ?
※ 在否定句中，long 和 long time 的意思不一样。如：
He didn't speak for long . =He only spoke for a short time
He didn't speak for a long time . =It was a long time before he spoke .
23 . lift , put up , raise , rise 的析难
( 1 ) life ( 举起，抬起 ) ，指用体力或机械力将物体举起或拿起，强调物体的沉重，举起的时间和距离都较短。常可与 raise 换用，在口语中 like 比 raise 更常用。如：
Can you lift the stone ?
( 2 ) put up ( 举起，升起，挂起 ) ，后面通常跟“手，旗帜，窗帘”等名词。常用于口语。如：
If you have any questions , please put up your hands .
They are putting up some new pictures on the wall .
( 3 ) raise ( 举起，升高 ) ，该词强调把某人或某物举起或抬起到应有的高度。raise 还可用于借喻，如提高物价，提高生活水平等。如：
He raised the child from the ground .
Please raise your hands . 请举手。
She raised her eyes and looked at me .
( 4 ) rise ( 上升，上涨 ) 。是不及物动词，指事物本身从低处升 ( 涨 ) 到高处。
The river is rising after the rain . 雨后河水上涨。
The balloon slowly rose over the heads of the crowd . 气球在人群的上方慢慢上升。
24 . wish 与 hope 的用法异同
※ hope 一般表示预计有可能实现的事物。如希望做某事，希望得到某物或发生某事等。而 wish 除了可以表示可以实现的希望外，常用来表示难以实现或不可能实现的愿望，或者希望的与现状不一样。wish 还可用作祝愿。试比较：
I wish it were true . 但愿是事实。 ( 可惜不是事实 )
I hope it isn't true . 我希望这不是事实。 ( 可能不是事实 )
He hoped to get the first prize . 他希望获得一等奖。 ( 有可能实现的希望 )
She wished she were a bird . 她希望她是一只鸟。 ( 不可能实现的愿望 )
Wish you a happy new year .
※ 在否定句中，否定词通常放在 hope 或 wish 之后。如：
I hope she won't come . 我希望她不来。( 不能说 I don't hope she'll come )
※ wish 可接不定式或复合不定式。hope 可接不定式，但不接“宾语 + 不定式”的复合不定式。如：
She hoped to visit Beijing .
She wished to go there .
He wishes us to go swimming with him .
We hope him to get well soon . ( × )
We hope that he will get well soon . ( √ )
※ hope 和 wish 都能接宾语从句，但语气不一样。hope 所接的从句中，谓语动词用陈述语气。wish 所接的宾语从句中，谓语动词常用过去时 ( 或过去完成时等 ) 虚拟语气。
I hope it will be fine tomorrow .
I wish it was not raining .
【妙文赏析】
The Customer Is always Right
The manager of a shop was scolding one of his staff . “I saw you arguing with a customer , ”he said , “Will you please remember that in my shop the customer is always right . Do you understand ? ”
“Yes , sir , ”said the assistant . “The customer is always right . ”
“Now what were you arguing about ? ”
“Well , sir . He said you were an idiot ( 白痴 ) . ”
【思维体操】
1 . Which of the five is least like the other four ?
A Z F N H
( a ) ( b ) ( c ) ( d ) ( e )
2 . Which of the five makes the best comparison ?
Foot is to hand as leg is to :
ELBOW PIANO TOE FINGER ARM
( a ) ( b ) ( c ) ( d ) ( e )
3 . Which of the five is least like the other four ?
PECK OUNCE PINT CUP QUART
( a ) ( b ) ( c ) ( d ) ( e )
4 . Three enemy messages were intercepted ( 窃听 ) at communications headquarters . The code was broken , and it was found that “Berok tenlis krux”means“Secret attack Wednesday”and“Baroom zax tenlis”means“Secret plans included”and“Gradnor berok plil elan”means“Wednesday victory is ours . ”What does“krux”mean ?
SECRET WEDNESDAY NOTHING ATTACK PLANS
( a ) ( b ) ( c ) ( d ) ( e )
答案：
1 . A The others are consonants ( 辅音 ) ; A is a vowel ( 元音 ) .
2 . E A foot is attached to a leg ; a hand is attached to an arm .
3 . A Peck is the only dry measure ; the others measure both liquid and dry quantities .
4 . D tenlis =secret ; berok =Wednesday ; krux =attack
三、智能显示
【心中有数】
单元要点发散思维
1 . 过去将来时态
过去将来时态由“would + 动词原形”构成，还可由“was／were going to + 动词原形”构成。过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。它常用在宾语从句中。
2 . 过去完成时态
过去完成时态由“had + 动词的过去分词”构成。过去完成时态表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。这个过去时间常可用 by 或 before 短语表示，也可用 when , before 引导的时间状语从句表示。
3 . 现在完成时态
现在完成时态由“have／has + 动词的过去分词”构成，表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果；或表示过去已经开始，并持续到现在的动作或状态。
4 . 由 so…that ( 如此……以致 ) 引导的结果状语从句。so 后跟形容词或副词。
5 . 由 though ( 虽然……，但是…… ) 引导的让步状语从句。注意不要受汉语的影响，写成“* Though…，but…”的错句。
6 . 动词不定式
( 1 ) 动词不定式在句中作定语，位于所修饰的名词或代词之后；
( 2 ) “疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
7 . 连词词组 both…and , either…or , neither…nor , 用来连接两个并列的成分。
【动手动脑】
单元能力立体检测
Ⅰ . 词汇
单词拼写，按照括号内的要求写出下列单词的相应形式
1 . box ( 复数 ) ________ 2 . care ( 副词 ) ________
3 . full ( 反义词 ) ________ 4 . lie ( 现在分词 ) ________
5 . slowly ( 比较级 ) ________ 6 . story ( 复数 ) ________
7 . sun ( 形容词 ) ________ 8 . teach ( 过去分词 ) ________
9 . twenty ( 序数词 ) ________ 10 . wash ( 第三人称单数 ) ________
Ⅱ . 单项选择：
1 . Many visitors say Beijing is becoming ____ and ____ .
A . more , the most beautiful B . more , more beautiful
C . more , more beautiful D . more beautiful , more beautiful
2 . He told me he would arrive ____ Beijing ____ the morning of January 8 .
A . at ; in B . in ; in C . in ; on D . to , on
3 . What do you like about our city ? ____ .
A . Very much B . Only a little
C . The hills and the lakes D . We like it very much
4 . ― I think the shop ____ .
― No , it's open . It ____ at six .
A . is close , close B . is closed , closes
C . closed , closes D . closes , is closed
5 . Bill ____ in London all his life , in fact he was born there .
A . has lived B . is living C . had lived D . was living
6 . ____ do you write to your friends ?
____ About once a month .
A . When B . What C . How often D . How soon
7 . He's been to many places , ____ she ?
A . hadn't B . isn't C . doesn't D . wasn't
8 . We'll go as soon as it ______ .
A . will stop snowing B . stops snowing
C . will stop to snow D . stops to snow
9 . What ____ the population of China ?
A . is , become B . are , become C . are , grow D . is , grow
10 . You may do these exercises ____ in class ____ after class , but you must finish them this afternoon .
A . neither , or B . neither , nor C . either , or D . either , nor
11 . You ____ to the school if you're ill .
A . don't need come B . don't need coming
C . needn't come D . need not to come
12 . The bus arrived at 10 o'clock , ____ we should be here now .
A . but B . so C . because D . or
13 . ― Who is on the team , John or Tom ?
― ____ . Because they have to do some other things .
A . Neither B . None C . Either D . Both
14 . Young trees should ____ well when it is dry .
A . is watered B . waters C . be watered D . water
15 . ____ we have today !
A . How a fine weather B . How fine weather
C . What a fine weather D . What fine weather
16 . ____ America is very large , ____ its population is quite small .
A . Though , but B . 不填，so that C . 不填，but D . As , 不填
17 . ― Excuse me , Can I ____ your football , please .
― Sorry , Jack ____ it just now .
A . borrow ; lent B . borrow ; borrowed
C . lend ; borrowed D . lend ; lent
18 . If the young trees ____ , they will grow up quickly .
A . are taken care B . are taken good care of
C . take good care D . take good care of
19 . My son grow bigger and bigger , he can wash himself and get ____ .
A . dressed B . to dress C . dressing D . dress
20 . ― How many books shall I read this week , Mr Hu ?
― ____ .
A . Just right B . The more , the better
C . Hour and hour D . Never mind
Ⅲ . 用动词的适当形式填空
1 . The workers ______ ( cut ) down all the trees and the trucks ______ ( arrive ) at 10 this morning .
2 . If it ______ ( not rain ) tomorrow , we ______ ( help ) the farmers pick apples .
3 . Tom ______ ( not pass ) the last week's exam .
4 . Yesterday Tom ______ ( tell ) me that his bike ______ ( break ) last week .
5 . Mr Smith ______ ( be ) in the city ever since Mr Smith ______ ( come ) two years ago .
Ⅳ . 根据所给汉语完成句子，每个空格填一个单词
1 . 你同意他的看法吗 ?
Do you ______ ______ him ?
2 . 昨天的大雨使得我们无法去野餐。
The heavy rain yesterday ________ us ________ going for a picnic .
3 . 老师告诉我们尽力踢好。
The teacher told us to play as well ________ we ________ .
4 . 湖水太深，不能游泳。
The river is ________ deep ________ swim in .
5 . 汤姆善于与他人交友。
Tom is ________ making ________ with others .
6 . 机器出了毛病，你查明原因了吗 ?
There's something wrong with the machine . Have you ________ ________ why ?
7 . 请等一会儿，爸爸有话对你说。
Please ________ ________ for a moment . Father has a few words with you .
8 . 上个星期天，我们过得非常开心。
We ________ very much last Sunday .
Ⅴ . 根据要求改写句子：
1 . I could hardly see anything ( 改为反意疑问句 )
I could hardly see anything , ______ ______ ?
2 . The students must hand in paper in time . ( 改为被动语态 )
The paper must ________ ________ in time .
3 . I want to know when we are going to leave . ( 改为简单句 )
I want to know ________ ________ leave .
4 . The old man died five years ago . ( 改变句子句意不变 )
The old man has ________ ________ for five years .
5 . It is sunny today . ( 改为感叹句 )
________ ________ sunny day it is today !
6 . The skirt cost her 100 yuan . ( 改写句子，句意不变 )
She ________ 100 yuan ________ the skirt .
7 . None of the cars on show are cheap . ( 改为肯定句 )
________ ________ cars on show are cheap .
答案：Ⅰ . 1 . boxes 2 . carefully 3 . empty 4 . lying 5 . more slowly 6 . stories 7 . sunny 8 . taught 9 . twentieth 10 . washes Ⅱ . 1 . B 2 . C 3 . C 4 . B 5 . A 6 . C 7 . A 8 . B 9 . D 10 . C 11 . C 12 . B 13 . A 14 . C 15 . D 16 . C 17 . A 18 . B 19 . A 20 . B Ⅲ . 1 . cut , arrived 2 . doesn't rain , will help 3 . didn't pass , is studying 4 . told , broke 5 . has been , came Ⅳ . 1 . agree with 2 . stopped…from… 3 . as…can 4 . too , to 5 . good at , friends 6 . found out 7 . hold on 8 . enjoyed ourselves Ⅴ . 1 . could I 2 . be handed 3 . when to 4 . been dead 5 . What a 6 . spent…on 7 . All of
【创新园地】
朋友们，下面是一些“妙语人生”的格言，请你译成汉语后赠送给你的知心朋友。
1 . Life is fine and enjoyable , yet you must learn to enjoy your fine life .
2 . Life is compared to a voyage .
3 . Life is but a hard and tortuous journey .
4 . Life is a horse , and either you ride it or it rides you .
5 . Life is a great big canvas , and you should throw all the paint on it you can .
6 . Life is a foreign language : All men mispronounce it .
7 . Other men live to eat , while I eat to live .
8 . Life is like an onion : You peel it off one layer at a time , and sometimes you weep .
9 . Life is like the moon ; now dark , now full .
10 . Everyone must die ; let me but leave a loyal heart shining in the pages of history .
创新园地答案：
1 . 人生是美好的，但要学会如何享用美好的生活。
2 . 人生好比是一次航程。
3 . 人生无坦途。
4 . 人生象一匹马，你不驾驭它，它便驾驭你。
5 . 人生是一幅大画布，你应该努力绘出绚丽多彩的画面。
6 . 生活是一种外语，谁都发不好它的音。
7 . 别人为食而生存，我为生存而食。
8 . 生活就象洋葱，你只能一层一层地把它剥开，有时还得流泪。
9 . 月有阴晴圆缺，人有悲欢离合。
10 . 人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青。
篇8：初一英语第二十九单元Shopping
内容
一、教法建议
【 抛砖引玉 】
单元双基学习目标
Ⅰ. 语音学习
1 . 字母组合 pl 发［ pl ］，bl 发［ bl ］，cl 发［ kl ］，fl 发［ fl ］，thr 发［?r］，br 发［ br ］，gr 发［ gr ］，fr 发［ fr ］。
2 . 句子的重音和语调。
Ⅱ. 词汇学习
shopping , buy , sell , how much , dear , cheap , go shopping , fish , half , a lot of , exercise , all day , forget , before , for , kilo。
Ⅲ. 语法学习
1 . 可数名词不可数名词。
2 . how many 与 how much。
Ⅳ. 交际英语
1 . How much is that pen ? Three yuan .
2 . How much is the rice ? Forty fen a kilo .
3 . That's cheap / dear .
4 . Can I help you ?
【 指点迷津 】
单元重点词汇点拨
1 . shopping 购物，买东西
She often goes out to do a lot of shopping on Sundays .
You can do some shopping in the evening . 你可以在晚上去买点东西。
〖 点拨 〗shopping 为不可数名词，如在前面加定冠词 the , my , her…，则可指“购买的东西”。如：Can you take my shopping home ? ( 你能把我所买的东西带回家吗 ? ) 。do / go shopping 去购物。
2 . buy 买
What are you going to buy in that shop ?
〖 点拨 〗有 buy sb . sth . 结构，也可写成 buy sth . to sb . 如：
I will buy you some new clothes . ( 我要给你买些新衣服。 ) 或 I will buy some new clothes for you .
另外，buy 的过去式为 bought。
3 . sell 卖
The shop sells trousers , shirts and coats .
〖 点拨 〗有 sell sb . sth ( 把某物卖给某人 ) 结构，还可用 sell sth . to sb . 如：
They want to sell me the house . ( 他们想把房子卖给我 ) 或 They want to sell the house to me .
sell的过去式为 sold。
4 . dear 贵的
At this time of year , orange are dear .
I think the blouse is too dear .
That's a very dear shop .
〖 点拨 〗不能用 price 作主语。如不能说：
The price of the apples is dear . 应改为 The apples are dear . 或者 The price of the apple is high .
以后还会学习到同义词是expensive 。
5 . cheap 便宜的
Eggs are cheap now . 现在鸡蛋便宜了。
It's a very cheap store . 那是一家索价甚廉的商店。
〖 点拨 〗sth be cheap。
6 . for 为
I must go and find a room for the meeting .
I want to buy some food for supper .
7 . fish 鱼
Can you catch those fish ? 你能抓住那些鱼吗 ?
There are lots of fish in the lake . 湖里有很多鱼。
Do you like fish ? 你喜欢吃鱼吗 ?
〖 点拨 〗fish 作为“鱼”解，复数形式多写成 fish，“五条鱼”便写 five fish。在强调“多种鱼”时，用 fishes。fish 作为“鱼肉”解，是个不可数名词。如：Will you have a little more fish ? ( 再吃一点鱼好吗 ? )
8 . kilo 千克，公斤
I would like to have a kilo of fish . 我想买一公斤鱼。
Could you give me two kilos of cakes ? 请给我两公斤蛋糕好吗 ?
9 . half 半，一半
Half of six is three . 六的一半是三。
Half of the students are not here . 有一半的学生不在这里。
Fish is two yuan and a half a kilo . 鱼肉每公斤两元五。
〖 点拨 〗half 的复数为 halves。
10 . exercise 练习
Please do the exercises on page twenty . 请做20面的练习。
The exercises are not hard . 这些练习不难。
Let's do some exercises on English verbs .
〖 点拨 〗exercises 还可以作“运动”讲是不可数名词。
It is good to take more exercise in the morning . 早晨多锻炼好处多。
11 . forget 忘记
Don't forget to bring your exercise books .
I forget how to spell your name .
〖 点拨 〗forget to do 忘记去干…… ( 含动作未发生 ) 。注意把某物忘在一个具体地点时不用 forget，用 leave sth + 地点。如：
I left my bag in the bus .
12 . before 在……以前
Can you get to school before eight ?
Please come before Saturday
You must go there before noon .
单元词组思维运用
1 . near the school 在学校附近
You can buy your ruler in the shop near our school .
Near the school there is a bookshop .
2 . how much 多少；多少钱
How much rice do you want ?
How much are eggs today ?
How much is that skirt ?
how much 可作定语，修饰后面的不可数名词，如“多少水”译成“how much water”；how much 还可用于询问价格，这时它的意思为“多少钱”，人们通常不说 how much money , 只说 how much。还请注意，询问“多少”还有 how many，其后接可数名词复数。
3 . go shopping 去买东西
I often go shopping with her .
go + v - ing 表示“去干某事；从事某种活动”，如 go boating ( 去划船 ) ，go fishing ( 去钓鱼 ) , go swimming ( 去游泳 ) , go walking ( 去散步 ) 等。
4 . come with sb . 跟某人一起去
I want to go shopping . Can you come with me ?
5 . help sb . do sht . 帮某人做某事
Could you help me look after the child ? 您能帮我照看这孩子吗 ?
也可用 help sb . to do sth 的结构。help sb with + 名词。
6 . shopping basket 购物篮子
We often take shopping baskets with us to do shopping . 我们常常带上购物篮子去买东西。
7 . exercise book 练习本
8 . school things 学习用品
Exercise books , pencils , rulers are school things . 练习本、铅笔、尺子是学习用品。
The shop sells school things . 这商店卖学习用品。
I have a lot of school things . 我有很多学习用品。
9 . some of… ……中的一些
Some of us are Young Pioneers .
Some of the rice is white , some of the rice is black .
You can drink some of the water . 你可以喝一些水。
此短语的 of 后面既可接可数名词，也要接不可数名词，如接代词，该用宾格，of 引出部分与全体的关系。
10 . all day 整天
How can you play basketball all day ?你怎么能整天打篮球呢 ?
此外还有 all night ( 整夜 ) 、all yesterday ( 昨天整天 ) 、all afternoon ( 整个下午 ) ，all that day ( 那天一整天 ) 等短语。
11 . on one's way home 在某某人回家的路上
You can do some shopping on your way home .
They are on their way home . 他们正走在回家的路上。
在此短语中，home 为副词，如换成名词，就得用 on one's way to…或 on the way to…结构。如：on my way to his home 或on the way to his home ( 在到他家的路上 ) 。
12 . early in the morning 一清早
The old man goes out for a walk early in the morning .
13 . half a kilo 半公斤，一斤
还有 half an hour ( 半小时 ) , half the apples ( 这些苹果中的一半 ) 等结构，在这里，half 意为“半”、“一半的”。至于一公斤半，可说 one kilo and a half 或 one and a half kilos。
二、学海导航
【 学法指要 】
单元句型思路明晰
1. 购物常用语套语
What things does the shop sell ? 这商店卖什么东西 ?
What things does the shop near your school sell ? 你们学校附近的那家商店卖什么东西 ?
How much is + 可数单数名词 / 不可数名词 ? ……需要多少钱 ?
How much is the meat ? 肉的价格是多少 ?
How much a kilo is it ? 这多少钱一公斤 ?
How much are + 复数名词 ? ……的价钱是多少 ?
How much are all these school things ?
How much a kito are these ? 这些东西多少钱一公斤 ?
问什么东西要多少钱一公斤，还可说 How much are they a kilo ? ( 复数 ) 或 How much is it a kilo ? ( 单数或不可数 ) 。此外，还有 How do you sell it ? ( 这个怎么卖 ? ) 等句型。
I want would like …，please . 劳驾，我要买……
I would like half a kilo of apples , please .
I would like two kilos of eggs , please . 请给我称两公斤鸡蛋。
Do you have any…here ? 你这儿有……吗 ?
Do you have any socks here ?
Do you have any mile here ?
Could I have… ? 给我来……行吗 ?
Could I have half a kilo ?
Could I have one and a half kilos of oranges ?
How much / many do you want ?
-Do you have any tea here ?
-How much do you want ?
-Do you have any pencils here ?
-Yes . How many do you want ?
售货员问顾客要购买多少东西时，得根据所购的东西为可数或不可数而选用 How many 或 How much。
2. 意义特别的疑问句
Don't we have any food for supper ? 难道我们晚餐连一点食物也没有吗 ?
Aren't you Young Pioneers ?
Can't you say it in English ?
Doesn't he get up early every day ?
〖 点拨 〗这里列举的都是否定结构的一般疑问句。请注意回答时千万不要照汉语的思考习惯去回答。照汉语回答①，就会是“是的，我不是。”“不，我是。”如照此中文译成英语，肯定自相矛盾，令人不知所云。其实，大可不必管中文意思，只要你是少先队员，回答便是：“Yes , I can . ”否定则为“No , I'm not . ”对②的回答为“Yes , I can . ”或“No , I can't . ”作答时，只要后面是肯定的，前面一定得用“Yes”后面是否定的，前面一定得用“No”。
3. Is that all ? 就这些吗 ? 完了吗 ?
That's all。完了；就这些。
That's all for today . 今天就 ( 说 ) 到这里吧。
4. Let me see . 让我想想。
I can't come today . Let me see . How about Saturday ? 我今天来不了。让我想想，星期六怎么样 ?
区别：Let me look at it . 让我瞧瞧。
单元难点疑点释疑
1 . I want to buy some food for supper this evening . 我想买一些今天晚饭吃的东西。
句中 food 是不可数名词。不可数名词一般没有复数形式，因此不能与 a / an 或数词连用，也不能用 one 来替代。在不可数名词前可用 the , some , much , a lot of , a little , no 等。例如：
How much is the meat ? 这肉多少钱 ( 1公斤 ) ?
There is a little milk in the bottle . 瓶里还有一点牛奶。
Some people drink a lot of water every day . 有些人每天喝大量的水。
不可数名词前可用“数词 + 可数名词 + of”来表示计量。例如：
I want three bottles of orange . 我要3瓶桔济汁。
I'd like ten kilos of rice . 我想买10公斤大米。
2 . You can help me carry the things . 你可以帮我搬东西。
help 用作动词时，后面可跟某人，意为“帮助某人”。如要表示“帮助某人做某事”，可以说 help somebody ( to ) do something，do 前的 to 可有，也可省去。例如：
3 .- How many ( pears ) do you want ? 您要多少 ( 个 ) ( 梨子 ) ?
-Two , please . ( 请给我 ) 两个。
-How much ( fish ) do you want ? 你想要多少斤 ( 鱼 ) ?
-Two kilos , please . ( 请给我 ) 两公斤。
注意两个问句所用疑问词组及回答的不同。
用 how many 提问，表示所问的东西是可数名词，可直接用数词回答。
用 how much 提问，表示所问的东西是不可数名词，要用数词 + 可数名词回答。例如：
How many bananas do you want ? 你想要多少香蕉 ?
Five , please . / A kilo , please . 五根。 / 一公斤。 ( 完整回答是：I want five bananas / a kilo of bananas , please . )
How much rice do you want ? 你想要多少大米 ?
Ten kilos , please . 10公斤。 ( 完整回答是：I want ten kilos of rice , please . )
4 . Can I help you ? 您想买什么 ? / 我能帮您什么忙吗 ?
这是售货员在接待顾客时常说的话。还可说：What can I do for you ? 我能为您做些什么吗 ? / 您想买什么 ?
顾客回答时，常说：Thank you . I want / would like…或 Yes , please . I want / would like…
5 . This one is 3 yuan - that's dear ! 这个三元钱 一- 很贵
( 1 ) yuan 是中国人民币单位“元”的译音。注意没有复数形式。
( 2 ) dear “昂贵的”“贵的”它的反义词是 cheap “便宜的”，“索价低了”。例如：
The pencil-box is five yuan . It's too dear . I want a cheap one . 这个笔盒要五元钱，太贵了。我想要个便宜的。
6 . I want to go shopping . 我想去购货。
go shopping “去购货”
go + 动词 - ing 形式的短语属于习惯用语。例如：go fishing去钓鱼，go boating去划船，go swimming 去游泳
7 . Would you get it , please ? 你去拿来好吗 ?
这句话还可说：“Do you get it , please ? ”或“Can you get it , please ? ”但不如“Would you get it , please ? ”客气，语气婉转。
8 . I want to buy some food for supper his evening . 我要为今晚的晚餐买些好食物。
( 1 ) want . v . “想要” ( = would like ) 例如：
I want an eraser . 我要块橡皮擦。
I want to go our for a walk . 我想去散步。
I want you to play with me . 我想要你和我一块玩。
( 2 ) for 是介词，意思是，“为”例如：
Can you mend it for me ? 你能帮我修修吗 ?
Let me carry the books for you . 让我帮你搬这些书。
( 4 ) 在英语中表达时间时用 this , that 构成的短语，一般不必再加介词。例如：
this evening 今晚，this morning今天上午，this afternoon今天下午，this week本周，this year今年
9 . There's only bread and water . 只有面包和水。
( 1 ) 此句中的主语是不可数名词 bread and water，故用 there is , 而不是there are . 一般情况，是用 there is 还是用 there are , 由第一个主语来决定，即：看第一个主语是可数名词的单数还是复数，或是不可数名词。例如：
There is some milk in the glass . 杯里有些牛奶。
There are two books on the table . 桌上有两本书。
There is a pen and two books on the table . 桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。
( 2 ) 本册书学到的不可数名词有：
rice , bread , fish , meat , water , tea , milk , orange ( 桔汁 ) , food
( 3 ) 不可数名词一般只用单数形式，要表示其数量时，需量词帮忙。例如：
a cup of tea 一杯茶，two glasses of water 两玻璃杯水，five bags of rice 五袋米，eight bottles of orange 八瓶桔汁
10 . Can I help you ?
( 1 ) 这是服务员主动向顾客询问的用语。在不同的场合有不同的译法。例如：
在商店是：Can I help you ? 你要买什么 ?
在饭馆：Can I help you ? 你要吃点什么 ?
在旅社：Can I help you ? 你要住宿吗 ?
( 2 ) Can I help you ? 的答语有：Thank you , I want… , please 或 Yes , please . I would like…等等。例如：
A : Can I help you ? 你要买什么 ?
B : Yes , please . I'd like some tea . 是的，我想要买点茶叶。
11 . You can often buy things from their shop on your way home . 你常可在回家途中到这家商店买东西。
from从……
You can see the river from this window . 从这个窗口你可以看到那条河。
He is from Shanghai . 他从上海来的。 ( 他是上海人。 )
( 2 ) on the / one's way to…在某人去……的途中，例如：
On my way to the shop , I see many people . 在我去商店的路上，我见到许多人。
On the way to my school , I can see many buses . 在上学的路上，我可看到许多汽车。
On the way to the factory , there is a big park . 在去工厂的路上，有一个大公园。
( 3 ) on one's way home 在 ( 某人 ) 回家途中
Home 在这里是副词，所以，它的前面不用介词“to”。例如：
On her way home , Mum often buys something . 妈妈常在回家的路上买东西。
13 . But don't forgot your things early in the morning . 你在清晨可别忘了带你的东西。
( 1 ) forget . v . “忘记”
Don't forget to wash your hands before meals . 饭前别忘了洗手。
Please don't forget to back my book .
12. how many 与 how much 的区别
在特殊疑问句中，how many 后接可数名词的复数形式，回答时用基数词。how much 后接不可数名词。在问价钱时也用 how much。要根据问的具体意思来回答。例如：
( 1 ) - How many boys are there in your classroom ?
- There are twenty - two boys .
( 2 ) - How many children does Mr Wang have ?
- Oh , he has only one .
( 3 ) - How much tea do you want ?
- Half a kilo , please .
( 4 ) - How much is the bread ?
- It's one yuan fifty fen .
【 妙文赏析 】
（1）
Voltaire ( 伏尔泰 ) ，the great French writer , wrote a small book and sent it to his publisher . Time passed , but Voltaire received no news about it . So at last he sent his publisher a letter . In it there was only the sign“ ? ” .
All the copies of the book had already been sold . It was quite clear to the publisher what the sign “ ? ” meant in Voltaire's letter . So he sent an answer . It was as short as Voltaire's letter . The answer was also only one sign “ ! ” .
赏析：世界上最短的书信是什么，该算是“ ? ”和“ ! ”。你知道这两个符号是什么
意思吗 ?
（2） Weight or Money ?
An overweight jogger ( 慢跑者 ) was running in the park . “How many pounds have you lost ? ”asked a passer - by . “About 300 , ”gasped ( 喘着气说 ) the runner . “I'm chasing ( 追赶 ) the man who just stole my wallet . ”
赏析：在这篇文章之中 pound 一词有两个意思。the passer - by 问的是重量，而 the jogger 回答的是钱“英镑”。
（3）
Mrs White has two children . Tommy is seven , and Anine is four . Tommy goes to school , but Annie doesn't . When Tommy is at home , he often plays with Annie . Usually he's very nice to his little sister .
One day the two children are playing at home .
Suddenly Annie begins to cry ( 哭 ) . Their mother runs over and asks，“Why are you crying ? ”
“Tommy breaks ( 弄坏 ) my doll , ”says Annine .
“How does he break it ? ”
“I hit ( 打 ) him on the head with it , ”says Annie .
赏析：谁把 Annie 的布娃弄坏了 ? 你不觉的可笑的 ? 是 Tommy 还是 Annie 自己呢 ?
（4）
Mr Smith had a nice , brown coat . He loved it very much , but his wife did not like it , because it was old . She said , “Give it to a poor man . ”But Mr Smith always said , “No , I like this coat . ”Then a cigarette ( 香烟 ) fell on it and made a hole in it , so Mrs Smith said , “Please don't wear it again . ”Mr Smith took it to a small tailor's shop and said to the tailor ( 裁缝 ) “Please make another coat like this one . ”The tailor made the coat very carefully , Then he lit a cigarette , and made a hole in it in the same place .
赏析：这位裁缝做了一件大衣，上面烧一个洞，为什么 ?
是因为这样做，裁缝认为才和原来的那件一样符合顾客的要求。是吗 ?
【 思维体操 】
1 . ____ shop sells school things ?
A . What B . Where C . Which D . Who
2 . How ____ is the yellow bike ?
A . many B . much C . about D . old
3 . How ____ pens are there in the pencil - box ?
A . much B . many C . old D . nice
4 . I often have two eggs ____ breakfast ?
A . with B . / C . to D . for
5 . What do you have ____ supper ?
A . to B . for C . / D . the
6 . The boys are ____ their way home .
7 . I often buy things ____ the shop ____ my school .
8 . The people ____ the shop near our school are very friendly .
9 . You must hand in your exercise books ____ five o'clock .
10 . The shop sells a lot ____ school things .
11 . Miss Gao often ____ ( buy ) things on Sundays .
12 . Look ! They are____ ( sell ) fish there .
13 . The shop is ____ ( close ) at eight at night .
14 . I'd like ___ ( go ) shopping with you .
15 . Listen ! Who ____ ( talk ) in that room ?
答案与提示： 1 . C 2 . B 3 . B 4 . D 5 . B 6 . on 7 . from , near 8 . in 9 . before 10 . of 11 . buys 12 . selling 13 . closed 14 . to go 15 . is talking
1问的是哪个商店，而不是什么商店，所以应该选C而不选A。2询问价钱，只用 how much。3问“多少”，且后面为可数名词复数，用how many，而不用 how much。4和5主要考查介词 for，表示目的，常译为“为了……”。 6“在某人回家的路上”常译为 on one's way home。7“从某商店”的“从”用 from，“在我学校的附近”用介词 near , near my school 修饰 the shop，作定语，8“在商店”用介词 in。9“在……之前”且表示时间的介词只能为 before。10是短语 a lot of…，“一些……”的意思。11表示经常性的动作，用一般现在时，主语为单数，谓语动词用三单形式。12. look 是现在进行时的标致词，表示正在进行的动作，助动词 are 已给出，所以直接加上 v - ing。13. 表示这家商店晚上8：00关门，陈述一事实或经常性、习惯性的动作 ( 状态 ) ，用一般现在时，动词 close 要变为形容词 closed。14. would like 后接动词不定式 to do sth。15. listen 为现在进行时标志词，表示动作正在进行，本句用现在进行时，who 作主语时，常表示单数，进行时助动词用 is，再加上动词 talk 的 - ing形式即可。
三、智能显示
【 心中有数 】
单元语法发散思维
掌握可数名词和不可数名词
英语的名词按其语法意义可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词和不可数名词关系到限定词 ( 如 this , these 等 ) 的搭配，也关系到主语和谓语的一致。因此，从一开始学习英语时就要密切注意。
可数名词有两种，一为规则的 ( 即在名词原形后加 - s 或 - es ) ，一为不规则的 ( 前已有所谈及 ) 。
有些集体名词，如 people，通常是复数，用复数动词。如：
Some young people are singing . 有些年轻人在唱歌。
有些集体名词，如 class , family , team 等，既可作单数，又可作复数。如果把它看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数；如把着眼点放在各别的成员身上，谓语动词便用复数。如：
Our class is big . 我们的班大。
Our football team are wearing their new shoes .
我们足球队的队员们穿着新鞋子。
有些物质名词，如 rice , bread , fish , meat , water , tea , mile 等，一般是不可数的，没有单、复数之分。但是，有些物质名词有时可以复数形式出现，但意义不同。如 fish ( 鱼、鱼肉 ) ，fishes ( 多种鱼 ) ，food ( 食品 ) , foods ( 多种食品 ) 。
有个别名词，单复数的形式都是一样的，如 Chinese , Japanese 等。
【 动手动脑 】
单元能力立体检测
1 . How much is this bottle of orange ? ____ .
A . It's cheap B . It's 95 fen C . Here you are
2 . Liu Ming , can you help me ____ the things ?
A . carry B . carries C . carrying
3 . How much tea do you want ? ____ .
A . Guess , please B . A kilo , please C . Ten yuan , please
4 . Do you want to go ____ with me , Mary ?
A . shops B . shopping C . shop
5 . -Can I help you ?
-____ .
A . Thank you . I want some rice
B . Yes , please . I don't want to buy anything
C . No , I don't want your help
6 . Mum , ____ do you want to buy ?
A . who B . how C . what
7 . -____ rice do you want ?
- Five kilos , please .
A . How many B . How much C . How about
8 . How many apples do you want ? ____ .
A . Nine , please B . Three yuan , please C . Yes , please
9 . Are there ____ in the room ? Yes , there are .
A . two baskets of pear B . two basket of pears C . two basket of pears
10 . On his way ____ the factory , there's a big shop .
A . / B . to C . for
11 . It's time ____ go to school .
A . for B . at C . to D . in
12 . We have lunch ____ te middle ____ the day .
A . at , of B . in , of C . in , at D . of , in
13 . What time ____ Jim ____ games ?
A . does , play B . does , plays C . do , play D . do , plays
14 . - What's the time now ?
- ____ seven o'clock .
A . It B . It's C . Its D . It's
15 . -Where are you going ?
-I'm ____ home .
A . going B . go C . going to D . go to
16 . This box is too ____ . I can't carry it .
A . small B . heavy C . light D . old
17 . Can you give me a new ruler ? This one is ____ .
A . old B . big C . long D . small
18 . Don't speak to me now . I must go . I'm ____ .
A . early B . late C . hungry D . happy
19 . I'm in Class One . He is in Class Two . We are in ____ classes .
A . the same B . different C . many D . some
20 . This one is ____ . Could I have full one , please ?
A . full B . big C . empty D . new
21 . The shop closes ____ six .
A . in B . at C . on D . to
22 . How much ____ the pen ?
A . am B . is C . are D . be
23 . Can you go shopping ____ me , please ?
A . for B . to C . from D . with
24 . You can ____ things from their shop on your way home .
A . buy B . sell C . borrow D . take
25 . Do you have ____ tea here ?
A . some B . a C . the D . any
26 . ____ bread do you want ?
A . What B . How C . How many D . How much
27 . - ____ are you doing ?
- I'm doing my homework .
A . How B . Where C . What D . What time
28 . There ____ any milk in the glass .
A . are B . aren't C . is D . isn't
29 . Her sister ____ playing football .
A . doesn't like B . don't like C . isn't like D . not like
30 . - Excuse me . Can I borrow your pencils .
- Certainly . Here ____ are .
A . they B . you C . there D . we
答案：1 - 5 B A B B A 6 - 10 C B A C B 11 - 15 C B A B A 16 - 20 B A B B C 21 - 25 B B D A D 26 - 30 D C D A B
【 创新园地 】
用所给动词的适当形式填空，完整短文。
Kate ____ ( be ) a student . She ____ ( study ) in No . 5 Middle School . She ____ ( go ) to school for five days . She and her friends sometimes ____ ( play ) games on Sundays . Kate ____ ( not like ) ____ ( swim ) . ____ she ____ ( watch ) TV in the evening ? Certainly , she ____ ( do ) . Kate's parents ____ ( be ) teachers . They are very nice .
( 请同学们把你写好的答案反馈给我们
创新园地答案：is , studies , goes , play , doesn't like , swimming , Does , watch , does , are .
空1因为 Kate 相当于第三人称单数 she，其后系动词应填 is。空2主语为 she，其后的实义动词应该用第三人称单数形式。空3同空2，应填 goes。空4主语为 She and her friends，表示复数，共后的实义动词应该用动词原形。空5是主语为单数的否定句，要用助动词 doesn't，后面加实义动词原形。空6是作 Kate doesn't like 的宾语，swim 应变为动名词 swimming。空7和空8为一般疑问句，且主语为第三人称单数形式，要用 does，主语后的动词用原形动词。空9是对上句的肯定回答，she 后用 does。空10主语为 Kate's parents，是复数，其后的系动词 be 要用 are。
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