下面小编给大家整理的初中英语被动语态讲解，本文共8篇，欢迎阅读!
篇1：初中英语被动语态讲解
结构：主语+be+done(动词过去分词)
1.一般现在时 am/is/are+done
2.一般过去时 was/were+done
3.一般将来时 will be+done
Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们的教室每天都被打扫。
He was advised to do this job last mouth. 上个月他被建议去做这项工作。
This hard-working young man will be known as a great writer in the future.这个勤奋的年轻人未来将会成为著名的作家。
篇2：初中英语被动语态讲解
1)一般现在时：am / is / are + done
①People grow rice in the south of the country.
→Rice is grown in the south of the country.
稻米在这个国家的南部被种植。
②The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
→We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
我们不被允许在没有老师的情况下进入化学实验室。
2)一般过去时：was / were + done
①They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.
→The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.
建立一个新的汽车工厂在上个月被一致同意。
②The students didn't forget their lessons easily.
→Their lessons were not easily forgotten.
他们的功课没有被轻易遗忘。
3)一般将来时：will + be done
①They will send cars abroad by sea.
→Cars will be sent abroad by sea.
汽车通过海路被送到国外。
②They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.
→Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.
大量的工作将被提供给中途辍学者。
4)一般过去将来时：would + be done
①The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.
→The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.
经理说这项工程将会在年底被完成。
② The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.
→The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.
这些工人告诉我这辆汽车将尽可能快的被修理。
5)现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done
①The radio is broadcasting English lessons.
→English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.
英语课正在通过收音机被广播。
② We are painting the rooms.
→The rooms are being painted.
这些房间正在被刷油漆。
6)过去进行时：was / were + being + done
①The workers were mending the road.
→The road was being mended.
这条公路正在被修理。
②This time last year we were planting trees here.
→Trees were being planted here this time last year.
去年这个时候，这些树正在这里被植。
7)现在完成时：have / has + been + done
①Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.
→I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.
我已经被告诉会议可能会被延迟。
②He has brought his book here.
→His book has been brought here.
他的书被带到了这里。
8)过去完成时：had + been + done
①When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.
→When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.
当我到达剧院时，我发现票已经被卖完了。
② The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; people had considered him to be a great leader.
→The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; he had been considered to be a great leader.
整个国家听到他死亡的消息都很悲痛;他被认为是一个伟大的领袖。
篇3：初中英语被动语态讲解
1. ―Long time no see!
―I’ve just returned. I ______ to Zhengzhou for a meeting last month.
A. am sent
B. was sent
C. am sending
D. was sending
篇4：被动语态讲解
语法点拨
一、被动语态概述
语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。如：
They didn’t offer Ann the job. （主动语态）
Ann wasn’t offered the job. （被动语态）
安没得到这份工作。
二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。
1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种形式
现以动词clean为例列表说明：
2、被动语态的句式变化：
以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：
3、含有情态动词的被动语态
情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，“be+过去分词”部分不变。如：
Tables can be made of stone. 桌子可由石头制造。
Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）
Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）
三、被动语态的用法：
1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。
The old bridge was built many years ago. 这座古桥是许多年前建造的。
He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。
2、强调动作的承受者。
动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，也可省略。
Your plan is considered to be the best. 你的计划被认为是最好的。
3、动作的执行者是无生命的事物。
The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。
The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。
4. 避免更换主语，如：
Once a promise is made, it shouldn’t be broken. 诺言一旦许下，就不能违背。
Mothers love their children and children are sure to love their mothers.
母亲爱孩子，孩子当然也爱母亲了。
5. 使句子保持平衡，如：
The lecture will be made by Joe Smith, who is a young artist from the States.
乔史密斯将来做报告，他是一位年轻的美国艺术家。
（Joe Smith有一个非限定性定语从句，所以后置）
四、主动语态变为被动语态
转换图示：
1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：
（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语，如果主动句的宾语是代词，需变为主格。如：
（2）将动词改为“be+过去分词”，be与新主语的人称和数一致，时态不变。
（3）将主动语态的主语前加by放在谓语动词后，如果原主语是代词，要变为宾格。
They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held（by them）yesterday.
他们昨天开会了。 昨天举行了一个会议。
They won’t forgive me. → I won’t be forgiven by them.
他们不会原谅我的。 我不会被他们原谅的。
2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：
（1）主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示“人们”、“大家”等，
变为被动句时，通常删去“by…”，除非强调原主语。如：
They set up this hospital in 1975. → This hospital was set up in 1975.
这所医院建于1975年。
Only he can finish the job. 只有他能完成这项工作。→
The job can be finished only by him.这项工作只能由他来完成。
（2）含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态
有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。
Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。
We were told the truth by Jack.
The truth was told (to) us by Jack.
（3）含有宾语+宾语补足语的句子，变成被动句后原来的宾语补足语就成了主语补足语了；
注意：不带to的不定式作宾语补足语时，变成被动时要加上to。
I heart Emily sing the song just now.
→ Emily was heard to sing the song just now.
我刚才听见艾米莉唱这首歌了。
（4）含有宾语从句的主动句变为被动句，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，把宾语从句后置。
We have determined that the plan should be carried out soon.
It has been determined that the plan should be carried out soon.
我们决定这项计划必须马上实施。
（5）双重被动结构：
当某人或物成为两次动作的承受者时，要用双重被动结构。如：
Parents often ask their children to do too much homework.
The children are often asked to do too much homework.
Too much homework is often asked to be done by the children.
五、各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）
1．一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done）
The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。
2．一般过去时(was/ were +done)
My bike was stolen last night. 我的自行车昨天被偷了。
When was the book introduced to China? 这本书什么时候引入中国的？
3．一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)
A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。
I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助。
4．现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done)
The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理。
The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。
A bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一辆公共汽车。
5．现在完成时(have/ has been + done)
Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。
The book has been read many times by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。
Several soldiers have already been killed in the conflict.
在冲突中已经有几名士兵被杀害。
6．过去完成时(had been+done)
They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。
She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。
He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died.
他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。
六、高频考点：
1. 动词的主动形式表示被动之意
1）某些连系动词，如：look, feel, smell，sound, prove等。
The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。
Maria proves very patient and warm-hearted. 玛丽亚被证明很耐心、很热心。
2）表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”的某些动词，虽然可以是及物动词，但这时用作不及物动词，
如：lock, shut, close, open, move, read, write, sell, wash, clean, draw, cut,
translate, burn, run, ride, begin, end, operate等。
The sentences translate hard. 这些句子很难译。
The door won’t shut. 这个门关不上。
3）某些动词用在句型“主+谓+主补”时，如wear，blow，prove等。
The door blew open. 门被吹开了。
2. 不用于被动语态的动词
有些动词用于被动语态，如happen，cost，take，have (有)，own，possess, want (缺乏)。
An accident happened yesterday. 昨天发生了一起事故。
One should possess courage, determination and wisdom. 人要拥有勇气、决心和智慧。
3. “动词+反身代词”结构与“be+过去分词”结构
注意下面短语：
devote oneself to (献身于) seat oneself (就坐) dress oneself (穿衣),
amuse oneself (自娱自乐) lose oneself (迷路) prepare oneself for (做好心理准备),
concern oneself about (担心)
这些短语经常用被动结构表示主动意义。
They were seated in the front of the hall. 他们在大厅前部就坐。
He was concerned about his work. 他担心他的工作。
All my students are well prepared for the test. 我的学生都为考试做好了准备。
His mother is dressed in white at the party. 他的妈妈在宴会上穿着白色衣服。
4. be done与get done
1）现代英语特别是口语中常用“get + 过去分词”表示被动语态。
2）“get + 过去分词”只表示动作，而“be+过去分词”既可表动作，也可表状态。
They have been married for ages. 他们结婚多年了。（不能用get married）
They got married last month. 他们上个月结婚了。
3）经过安排、考虑的动作用“be+过去分词”；出乎意料时用“get+过去分词”。
How did the painting get damaged? 这幅画什么时候被损坏的？
4）“be+过去分词”是单纯的被动意义，而“get+过去分词”可以暗示主语对动作的发生有一定的责
任，含有某种主动意味。
His team got beaten again though they had tried their best.
虽然他们尽了全力，他的队还是输了。
5. 几个被动语态常用习惯用法：
We’re determined to set up an eco-laboratory. 我们决定建立一个生态实验室。
My time was occupied with children. 我的时间都用在了孩子们身上。
I’m very interested in fine arts. 我对美术非常感兴趣。
Where was your grandfather born? 你祖父的出生地是哪里？
I was graduated from that university ten years ago. 我十年前从那所大学毕业。
My hometown is situated in the south of China. 我的家乡在中国南部。
6．It is said/ reported/believed, etc. + 从句的变化：
“It is said/ reported/believed, etc. + 从句”表示据说/据报道/据信......，此句型可以变成从句主语作主语的句型：sb. ＋be said/ reported/believed, etc. +不定式。如果原来从句的谓语动作已经完成，不定式用完成式；如果从句的谓语动作是经常性动作或还没有完成，用不定式的一般式。
It is said that James is an expert on DNA. = James is said to be an expert on DNA.
人们说詹姆斯是个DNA专家。
It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. =
The boy is said to have passed the national exam.
据说这个男孩已经通过了这次全国性的测试。
巩固练习
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1. In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r” sounds at the end of the
words _________. ( 北京)
A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped
2. Experiments of this kind _______ in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second
World War.（ 北京）
A. have conducted B. have been conducted
C. had conducted D. had been conducted
3. He_____________some pieces of advice, but he__________to them.
A. gave, didn’t listen B. was given, wasn’t listened
C. give, wasn’t listened D. was given, didn’t listen
4. This coastal area ______ a national wildlife reserve last year. (2010 湖南)
A．was named B．named C．is named D．names
5. A lot of tall buildings______________in his hometown in the last three years.
A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up
6. They ______________printing 500 copies by the end of last month.
A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished
7. Great changes______________place. Many new schools ______________.
A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are open
C. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened
8. We can’t use the bridge now, because it______________.
A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired
9. I______________the way to the railway station by a policeman.
A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing
10. The war the old soldier remembers very well ______________in 1941.
A. broke out B. had been broken out
C. was broken out D. had broken out
11. When water______________, it will be changed into vapour.
A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats
12. We can’t enter the room because its door______________, but you couldn’t lock it at
all before.
A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking
13. They______________day and night, so they had no time to stay with their families.
A. are made work B. are made to work
C. made to be worked D. are making to work
14. Man-made satellites______________into space by many countries.
A. was sent up B. is sent up
C. have been sent up D. has been sent up
15. When ______ the People’s Republic of China_____ ?
A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found
16. A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.
A. was happened B. has been happened C. happened D. was going to happen
17. He will stop showing off, if no notice _____ of him.
A. is taken B. will be taken C. takes D. has taken
18. - It is said that another new car factory _____ now.
- Yeah. It _____ one and a half years.
A. is building； is taken B. is being built； will take
C. is built； will takeD. is being built； takes
19. I know Mr Brown；we _____ to each other at an international conference.
A. are introduced B. have been introduced
C. were introduced D. had been introduced
20. - I ____ to a party, but I’ve got nothing to wear.
- Why don’t you have a dress made for the party?
A. was asked B. will ask C. have asked D. have been asked
21. - What do you think of this kind of TV set, which _____ in Shanghai?
- Well, I don’t care such things.
A. was made B. is made C. has been made D. had been made
22. The vegetables didn’t taste very good. They ____ too long.
A. had been cooked B. were cooked C. had cooked D. cooked
23. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ____ the cloth ____ well.
A. have told； washes B. have been told； washes
C. was told； washed D. have been told； is washed
24. In some parts of the world, tea ____ with milk and sugar.
A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served
25. The new dictionaries are very useful. They ____ well and _______ already.
A. sell, have been sold out B. sold, had sold out
C. sell, sell out D. are sold, have been sold out
26. The train ____ arrive at 11:30, but it was an hour late.
A. was about to B. was likely to C. was supposed to D. was proved to
27. The teacher told his students that they ____ to be useful men to the country.
A. were all expected B. were all expecting
C. all were expected D. all expected
28. -Why did you leave that position?
-I __________ a better position at IBM.
A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered
29. The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ______ placed
under the Minister’s car.
A. has been B. was being C. had been D. would be
30. The hero’s story _______ differently in the newspapers.
A．was reported B．was reporting C．reports D．reported
Ⅱ把下列句子改为被动语态
1. I saw the boy run yesterday.
2. He told me that he would come back soon.
3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.
4. Do you water your flowers every day?
5. The wind blew down the big tree last night.
6. I think that he is right.
7. He had not thrown the bad food.
8. Mother was not mending the trousers.
9. They would not take him to Beijing.
10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time.
参考答案
Ⅰ单项选择
1. A。句子是有关美语中的一个语法现象的，是经常性的状态，且这个音节是人为漏掉的，所以用一般
现在时的被动语态。
2. D。实验（experiments）和动词conduct（实施）是被动关系，而且是在“before the Second
World War”进行的，即“过去的过去”，所以选D。
3. D。give接双宾语，“他”应被给一些建议，排除A、C；“他”听从建议，是主动关系，所以选D。
4. A。句意：这个沿海地区去年被命名为国家级野生动物保护区。
5. B。in the last three years 在过去三年里，一般与现在完成时连用，“建筑物”与“set up”是
动宾关系，所以用B。
6. A。by the end of last month 到上个月末为止，一般要用过去完成时；“They”是“finish”的
执行者，所以选A。
7. A。take place 发生，不能用被动语态；“school”是“被开设（open）”的，而且现在已经有了
变化，要用现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在的结果，因此选A。
8. D。桥现在不能使用，应该是正在被修理。
9. A。警察给“我”指路，“我”与“指路”是被动关系。
10. A。break out 爆发，是不可数名词，不用被动语态；过去某时发生的事，要用一般过去时。
11. A。“水”是人加热的，所以是被动语态。
12. C。门是被锁的，用被动语态。注意lock也有不及物动词的用法，表示主语的特征，不用被动语
态，如：The door won’t lock. 这个门锁不上。
13. B。make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事，变成被动句后要把do前省略的to加上。They与动词work是
主动的，因此要用不定式的主动式。
14. C。句意：许多国家都发射了人造卫星。根据句意应用现在完成时，卫星是被发射的，因此用C。
15. B。found 动词（原形），意为“建立”，过去式、过去分词是founded。
16. C。happen是不及物动词，不用被动语态。
17. A。如主句用将来时，在时间、条件和让步状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来。又因if 从句是被
动语态，是短语“take no notice of...（不注意）”中的notice（take的宾语）提前做了主
语，故选A。 句意：如果不注意他，他就不会卖弄了。
18. B。根据主语与build之间的被动关系和now， 可知要选现在进行时的被动语态；因工厂正在修建，
花费一年半应指将来。
19. C。在一个国际会议上“被介绍”显然发生在过去。
20. D。由but 分句中的现在时和答语所提建议内容，可知应选现在完成时的被动语态。
21. B。这种电视产于上海是客观事实，故用一般现在时。
22. A。cook发生在didn’ t taste very good 之前，且与主语之间有被动关系，故用过去完成时的被
动语态。
23．B。动词wash, lock, sell, wear, write, read, open, shut, clean等动词的主语是物，且又表
示主语的特征或状态时，要用主动形式表示被动意义。tell与I是被动关系，表示“别人告诉
我”。wash well 好洗。
24. B。茶是被“端上/提供”的，而且说的是一个事实，用一般现在时的被动语态。
25. A。第一空解析见23；sell out 卖光，与书是被动关系，从第一句的时态可知用现在完成时的被动
语态。
26. C。be supposed to 应该；be about to do 正要做，一般不与具体时间连用；be likely to do
可能做。
27. A。句意：老师告诉他的学生他们被期望成为对国家有用的人。
28. D。offer sb. sth. 主动提供给某人某物；从问句时态可知答语中要用一般过去时。句意：-你为
什么离职呀？-IBM给了我一个更好的。
29. C。小盒子是在警察注意到之前放的，所以用过去完成时。句意：那个警察的注意力突然被吸引到
一个安放在部长汽车下面的一个小盒子上。
30. A。“story”应该“被报道”。
Ⅱ、把下列句子改为被动语态
1. The boy was seen to run by me yesterday.
2. I was told that he would come back soon.
3. A lot of differences can be found by you between the two languages.
4. Are your flowers watered every day?
5. The big tree was blown down last night.
6. It is thought that he is right.
7. The bad food had not been thrown.
8. The trousers were not being mended by my mother.
9. He would not be taken to Beijing.
10. I was known by nobody in this town at that time.
篇5：英语翻译被动语态讲解
英汉两种语言都有被动语态，但由于表达习惯上的差异，英语往往习惯用被动语态来表达，而汉语则和主动语态来表达。 如：That young man cannot be relied upon.译成汉语就应该是“那位年轻人不可信赖”或者“我们不能信任那位年轻人”。如果将此句译成汉语的被动句“那位年轻人不可以被信赖”，译文就会显得很别扭，不符合汉语的表达习惯。由此可见，翻译时经常进行语态的转换是十分必要的。英语中被动语态的使用十分广泛，尤其在考研翻译中，这种现象更为多 见。相比之下，汉语被动语态使用的范围要小得多。因此，在英译汉时，大量被动语态的句子需要通过种种方法加以处理，以保证译文通顺流畅地表达原意。英语被 动语态的汉译一般有以下几种方法。
一、译成汉语主动句
将英语被动语态译成汉语主动语态的方法一般包括以下几种：
(一) 保存原文主语
当英语被动句中的主语为无生命的名词，而且句中不出现由by引导的行为主体时，翻译时往往将原句中的主语仍然译成主语。
The meeting is scheduled for April 6th.
会议定于四月六日举行。
Water can be changed from a liquid into a solid.
水能从液体变成固体。
When rust is formed , a chemical change has taken place.
当锈形成的时候，就发生了化学变化。
(二) 主宾颠倒
英语中很多被动句子在表示行为主体的词前都加上by，翻译时可将这类by结构中的宾语译成主语，而将原来的主语译成宾语。
She was given a new pen by her father.
她爸爸送给她一支新钢笔。
Heat and light can be given off by this chemical change.
这种化学反应能放出热和光。
Only a small portion of solar energy is now being used by us.
现在我们只能利用一小部分太阳能。
有时英语被动句中并未出现by结构，而只是代之以一个由介词短语构成的状语。这时仍可采用主宾颠倒的译法，将介词短语中的名词或名词词组译成句子的主语。
Communication satellites have already been used for living transmission in our country.
我国已将通讯卫星用于实况转播。
The numerical data concerned are provided in the next chapter.
下一章提供了有关的数据资料。
(三) 增加主语
有些英语被动句并未在句中出现表示行为主体的词或词组，在翻译这类句子时，可适当增添一些不确定的主语，如“人们”、“有人”、“大家”、“我们”等。
The issue has not yet been thoroughly explored.
人们对这一问题迄今尚未进行过彻底的探索。
She was seen to enter the building about the time the crime was committed.
有人看见她大致在案发时进入了那座建筑物。
What we say here will not be long remembered, but what we do here can change the world.
我们在这里所讲的话，人们不会长久记住。然而我们在这儿所做的事，却能改变世界。
二、译成汉语无主句
英语中有些被动句不需要或无法说出行为的主体，因此，翻译时往往译成汉语的无主句。这时，原句中的主语一般译成宾语。
Measures have been taken to prevent the epidemic from spreading quickly.
已经采取了措施来防止这种流行病迅速蔓延。
Water can be shown as containing impurities.
可以证明，水含有杂质。
The unpleasant noise must be immediately put an end.
必须全部停止这种讨厌的噪声。
三、译成汉语判断句
有些英语被动句并不突出强调被动动作，而着重对事物的状态、过程和性质等加以描述，其作用与系表结构类似。因此，翻译这种英语被动句，经常采用“是...的”判断句式。
The decision to attack was not taken lightly.
进攻的决定不是轻易作出的。
Printing was introduced into Europe from China.
印刷术是从中国传入欧洲的。
The manuscript was sent to the printer in London a few weeks before the French revolution.
手稿是在法国革命前几周寄往伦敦付印的。
The credit system in America was first adopted by Harvard University in 1872.
美国的学分制是1872年在哈佛大学首先实施的。
四、译成汉语被动句
有些英语被动句着重被动的动作，因此，翻译时仍然可以翻译成汉语的被动句，以突出英语原文的被动意义。一般说来，被 动句指的是具有被动形式标记的句子。虽然英语被动语态使用范围颇广，但其被动标记却很单一，主要是“be+动词的过去分词”及其变化形式。另一方面，汉语 被动句式使用较少，但其被动标记要繁杂得多。汉语中表达被动意义的语言手段主要包括使用“被、受、遭、让、给、由、把、得到、受到、加以、得以、为... 所、由...来”等等。
篇6：英语语法被动语态讲解
1.被动语态的构成
由于不及物动词不能带宾语，故无被动语态，只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的动词短语才有被动语态，其基本构成方式是“助动词be+过去分词”。
注意：“be+过去分词”结构不一定都是被动语态，有些动词(如 be，feel，look，seem等)后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，用作表语表示状态。如：
My bike is broken.(我的自行车坏了。)
The door is open.(门开了。)
2.主动语态改被动语态的方法
1)将主动语态改为被动语态应注意以下三个方面：①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语;②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构;③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后(有时可省略)。
2)含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况：①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位;②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或 for。如：
He gave the boy an apple.→ The boy was given an apple.(或An apple was given to the boy.)
Her father bought her a present.→ She was bought a present by her father.(或A present was bought for her by her father.)
3)不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态，改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。如：
They watched the children sing that morning.→ The children were watched to sing that morning.
4)带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语。如：
We call him Xiao Wang.→ He is called Xiao Wang.
He cut his hair short.→ His hair was cut short.
They told him to help me.→ He was told to help me.
5)短语动词是不可分割的整体，改为被动语态时要保持其完整性，介词或副词不可遗漏。如：
We must take good care of the young trees.→The young trees must be taken good care of.
6)含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动结构时，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，从句放在句子后面;也可采用另一种形式。可以这样转换为被动结构的动词有know，say，believe，find，think，report等。如：
People believe that he is ill.→It is believed that he is ill.(或：He is believed to be ill.)
3.被动语态改为主动语态的方法：
被动语态中介词by后的宾语改为主动语态中的主语(或按题意要求确定主语)，按照这个主语的人称和数以及原来的时态把谓语动词形式由被动语态改为主动语态。注意在主动语态中有的动词要求不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，此时要把被动语态中的to去掉。被动语态的主语用来作主动语态的宾语。如：
History is made by the people.→ The people make history.
4.双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词，它们在变为被动语态时，有以下两种情形值得注意：
(1) 有些双宾动词(如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell等)在变为被动语态时，既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语)，也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语，而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for，与所搭配的动词有关)。比较：
He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。
对应： She was given some money. / Some money was given to him.
He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一快表。
对应 A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch.
(2) 有些双宾动词(如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write等)通常用直接宾语(指事物)作被动语态的主语，而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词to或for)：
Father made me a doll.
对应： A doll was made for me.
He wrote her a letter.
对应： A letter was written to her.
(3) 有些双宾动词(如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等)通常用间接宾语(指人)作被动语态的主语，而将直接宾语用作保留宾语：
He answered me that question. 对应：
I was answered that question by him.
篇7：初中英语被动语态知识点
初中英语被动语态知识点
被动语态的基本时态变化
被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be +过去分词构成，be 随时态的变化而变化。
以do 为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：
1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.
2) has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.
3) am/is /are being done现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here.
4) was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.
5) had been done 过去完成时例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.
6) was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.
7) shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8) should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.
9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)例The project will have been completed before July.
被动语态的特殊结构形式
1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词+be +过去分词。例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.
3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to 要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to 。
例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词+介词”，“动词+副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.
非谓语动词的被动语态
v.+ing形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。例I don't like being laughed at in the public.
It is said that+从句及其他类似句型
一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think 等可以用于句型“It +be +过去分词+that 从句”或“主语+be +过去分词+to do sth.”。有：It is said that„据说, It is reported that„据报道，It is believed that„大家相信，It is hoped that „大家希望，It is well known that „众所周知，It is thought that„It is suggested that„It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. (=The boy is said to have passed the national exam. )
谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1. 英语中有很多动词如等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义, 主语通常是物。
例 This kind of cloth washes well. 注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。试比较：The door won't lock.(指门本身有毛病) The door won't be locked.(指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因)
2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：表示被动意义。
例 How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢?
3. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。例Your reason sounds reasonable 五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义
初中英语学习方法
一、读
每天都应坚持读。
1、朗读：一般文章读2~3遍，带着理解去读，而不只是为读而读。
2、背诵：好的文章应背熟，以记住好词好句，同时培养自己的语感。
3、速读：文章第一遍用最快的速读完，以提高阅读速度和理解能力，并逐渐培养不翻译直接理解英文的能力。
4、精读：文章第二遍应精读，以达到对文章的准确理解，并熟悉语法结构，加深单词记忆。也可选择部分文章速读，对于较好的文章精读。
5、泛读：每天看1小时左右的英文报纸，在有兴趣的基础上阅读能力会有很大提高。遇到不会的单词在不影响文章理解的情况下可以略过去，从而提高自己的阅读速度。如果想记忆单词，则可查词典，多次查阅记忆便能记住单词。(坚持一两个月就会有明显效果)
二、听
1、从最初级的听力入手，听懂每个单词、每句话、每段话及每篇文章。逐步增加难度。每天至少半小时。
2、跟读英语，一方面加强听力，一方面训练口语，同时还能培养语感。注意发音的准确性。
三、写
1、每两天写一篇英文日记或作文。
2、用英语写信或E-mail。
3、注意语法的应用和词汇的记忆。
四、语法
1、从基础到高级，掌握每一个语法点，并作详细笔记。笔记所记的都是自己所会的，直到把所有语法细节都掌握。
2、对于不熟悉的语法知识点应反复复习运用，直到掌握为止。
五、词汇
1、每天记忆10——15新单词，并复习前一天的旧单词。对于生疏的旧单词，可记录下来，安排适当时间记忆。
2、所有单词记忆完一遍之后紧接着再记一遍，三四遍并不为多。重复是记忆单词的最好方法，也是很多记忆的根本方法。
3、结合例句记忆单词，效果最佳。记忆单词应注意力集中，
六、练习
1、大量的练习可以巩固所学知识。
2、通过练习可以提高阅读理解能力，增加词汇量，加强对语法的掌握。觉，这不是能教会的，需要你自己摸索。
初中学好英语的建议
背单词
单词是基础，一定要把单词记熟，背单词。睡前背，早上起来背，效果最好。根据情况，背单词的时候一定要把读音结合上。背名词的时候要结实物背，这样的方法有趣又有效。词组一定要背。自己准备一个小本子，把你遇到不会的题解决之后记到一个小本子上，随时随地进行记录。
口语练习
多读，多张嘴，这样可以快速提高语感，在做完型填空的时候就很会很容易得选出答案。做题的时候可以不根据语法也能做对题。
阅读技能
坚持做阅读，阅读在考卷中占得比例特别大，所以一定要多做。要有耐心。印刷体最好练一下。
最后，多背一些作文模板，在需要用的时候可以活学活用。
篇8：初中英语语法被动语态讲解
初中英语语法被动语态讲解
重点一：一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/are+动词过去分词
If I _____ five minutes, I'll get everything ready. (2008，湖北黄冈)
A. will give B. be given
C. am given D. was given
解析：C 首先，读题发现本题主要考查的动词是give。故可知句意为如果再给我5分钟，我将完成所有事情。也就是说已经到了所规定的时限了，我已经没有更多时间了。再看选项，B、C、D选项考查的是不同时态的被动语态，A选考查主动语态，根据句意可知，本题考查的是被动语态，故排除A。然而句中没有出现明显表时间的词语，那么怎么判断时态呢？再看句子结构，可知本句是由If 引导的条件句，主句用一般将来时态，从句应用一般现在时，排除D，而与我搭配的be的形式是am，故正确答案为C。
重点二：一般过去时的被动语态 was/were+过去分词
Liu Xiang ______ by his coach to train regularly.
(2010, 天津)
A. advised B. advises
C. was advised D. be advised
解析：C 首先，读题，发现需要填的是谓语， 再看题干出现by his coach, 初步判断考查被动语态。再根据题干和选项可知句意为刘翔的教练建议他要有规律的进行训练。可知考查的就是被动语态，那么，可将选项A、B排除，剩下C、D均是被动语态，但区别是C选项为was，D选项为be, 选择哪个呢？再来看题干，主语是Liu Xiang(第三人称单数，所以要用be的第三人称单数)，故正确答案是C。
重点三：一般将来时的被动语态 will+be+动词过去分词
A new school _____ in my hometown next year. (2007，福建)
A. build B. will build
C. will be built D. has built
解析：C 首先读题发现本题主要考查的动词是build。故可以猜测句意为明年我的家乡将建一所新学校。再看句子，主语是a new school, 新学校是无生命的物体，故是不能发出动作来的，所以只能是build的动作承受者。这样我们便可以确定句子的语态了――被动语态。再看选项，只有C是被动语态。那为什么会出现will 呢？因为在题干中出现了next year 这个表将来的时间状语。故完全确定了正确选项是C。
重点四：含有情态动词的被动语态 can/may/must等+be+过去分词
1. Something must _____ to stop the factory from pouring waste water into the rivers。( 2007，天津)
A. be done B. do
C. was seen D. had seen
解析：A 首先，读题发现句子我们选择合适的谓语形式。由于句子没有明确的线索告诉我们就是考查的被动语态，所以根据题意我们可以猜测一下题干的意思：必须……来阻止工厂向河里排放污水。所以我们可以将选项逐个带入题目里，A 带入后句意为：必须采取措施来阻止工厂向河里排放污水。B带入后句意为某物做来阻止向河里排放污水。(语义不通)C带入后句意为某物被看到用来向河里排放污水。(语义不通)D带入后句意为某物曾看到阻止向河里排放污水。(语义不通)题目的主语是something 以表物的`不定代词作主语，物是没有生命的东西，故是不能主动做出任何动作的，而只有人等有生命的个体才能发出动作来。故本题考查的是被动语态，结合句意，只有A符合。
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