【导语】以下是小编整理的初中英语语法被动语态讲解（共7篇），欢迎阅读与收藏。
篇1：初中英语语法被动语态讲解
初中英语语法被动语态讲解
重点一：一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/are+动词过去分词
If I _____ five minutes, I'll get everything ready. (，湖北黄冈)
A. will give B. be given
C. am given D. was given
解析：C 首先，读题发现本题主要考查的动词是give。故可知句意为如果再给我5分钟，我将完成所有事情。也就是说已经到了所规定的时限了，我已经没有更多时间了。再看选项，B、C、D选项考查的是不同时态的被动语态，A选考查主动语态，根据句意可知，本题考查的是被动语态，故排除A。然而句中没有出现明显表时间的词语，那么怎么判断时态呢？再看句子结构，可知本句是由If 引导的条件句，主句用一般将来时态，从句应用一般现在时，排除D，而与我搭配的be的形式是am，故正确答案为C。
重点二：一般过去时的被动语态 was/were+过去分词
Liu Xiang ______ by his coach to train regularly.
(, 天津)
A. advised B. advises
C. was advised D. be advised
解析：C 首先，读题，发现需要填的是谓语， 再看题干出现by his coach, 初步判断考查被动语态。再根据题干和选项可知句意为刘翔的教练建议他要有规律的进行训练。可知考查的就是被动语态，那么，可将选项A、B排除，剩下C、D均是被动语态，但区别是C选项为was，D选项为be, 选择哪个呢？再来看题干，主语是Liu Xiang(第三人称单数，所以要用be的第三人称单数)，故正确答案是C。
重点三：一般将来时的被动语态 will+be+动词过去分词
A new school _____ in my hometown next year. (，福建)
A. build B. will build
C. will be built D. has built
解析：C 首先读题发现本题主要考查的动词是build。故可以猜测句意为明年我的家乡将建一所新学校。再看句子，主语是a new school, 新学校是无生命的物体，故是不能发出动作来的，所以只能是build的动作承受者。这样我们便可以确定句子的语态了――被动语态。再看选项，只有C是被动语态。那为什么会出现will 呢？因为在题干中出现了next year 这个表将来的时间状语。故完全确定了正确选项是C。
重点四：含有情态动词的被动语态 can/may/must等+be+过去分词
1. Something must _____ to stop the factory from pouring waste water into the rivers。( 2007，天津)
A. be done B. do
C. was seen D. had seen
解析：A 首先，读题发现句子我们选择合适的谓语形式。由于句子没有明确的线索告诉我们就是考查的被动语态，所以根据题意我们可以猜测一下题干的意思：必须……来阻止工厂向河里排放污水。所以我们可以将选项逐个带入题目里，A 带入后句意为：必须采取措施来阻止工厂向河里排放污水。B带入后句意为某物做来阻止向河里排放污水。(语义不通)C带入后句意为某物被看到用来向河里排放污水。(语义不通)D带入后句意为某物曾看到阻止向河里排放污水。(语义不通)题目的主语是something 以表物的`不定代词作主语，物是没有生命的东西，故是不能主动做出任何动作的，而只有人等有生命的个体才能发出动作来。故本题考查的是被动语态，结合句意，只有A符合。
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篇2：英语语法被动语态讲解
1.被动语态的构成
由于不及物动词不能带宾语，故无被动语态，只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的动词短语才有被动语态，其基本构成方式是“助动词be+过去分词”。
注意：“be+过去分词”结构不一定都是被动语态，有些动词(如 be，feel，look，seem等)后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，用作表语表示状态。如：
My bike is broken.(我的自行车坏了。)
The door is open.(门开了。)
2.主动语态改被动语态的方法
1)将主动语态改为被动语态应注意以下三个方面：①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语;②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构;③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后(有时可省略)。
2)含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况：①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位;②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或 for。如：
He gave the boy an apple.→ The boy was given an apple.(或An apple was given to the boy.)
Her father bought her a present.→ She was bought a present by her father.(或A present was bought for her by her father.)
3)不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态，改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。如：
They watched the children sing that morning.→ The children were watched to sing that morning.
4)带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语。如：
We call him Xiao Wang.→ He is called Xiao Wang.
He cut his hair short.→ His hair was cut short.
They told him to help me.→ He was told to help me.
5)短语动词是不可分割的整体，改为被动语态时要保持其完整性，介词或副词不可遗漏。如：
We must take good care of the young trees.→The young trees must be taken good care of.
6)含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动结构时，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，从句放在句子后面;也可采用另一种形式。可以这样转换为被动结构的动词有know，say，believe，find，think，report等。如：
People believe that he is ill.→It is believed that he is ill.(或：He is believed to be ill.)
3.被动语态改为主动语态的方法：
被动语态中介词by后的宾语改为主动语态中的主语(或按题意要求确定主语)，按照这个主语的人称和数以及原来的时态把谓语动词形式由被动语态改为主动语态。注意在主动语态中有的动词要求不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，此时要把被动语态中的to去掉。被动语态的主语用来作主动语态的宾语。如：
History is made by the people.→ The people make history.
4.双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词，它们在变为被动语态时，有以下两种情形值得注意：
(1) 有些双宾动词(如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell等)在变为被动语态时，既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语)，也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语，而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for，与所搭配的动词有关)。比较：
He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。
对应： She was given some money. / Some money was given to him.
He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一快表。
对应 A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch.
(2) 有些双宾动词(如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write等)通常用直接宾语(指事物)作被动语态的主语，而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词to或for)：
Father made me a doll.
对应： A doll was made for me.
He wrote her a letter.
对应： A letter was written to her.
(3) 有些双宾动词(如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等)通常用间接宾语(指人)作被动语态的主语，而将直接宾语用作保留宾语：
He answered me that question. 对应：
I was answered that question by him.
篇3：初中英语语法被动语态
初中英语语法被动语态专题
被动语态中谓语动词的基本构成：
be + done
2八种时态的被动语态：(变 be 的时态即可，done不动)
1)一般现在时：am / is / are + done
①People grow rice in the south of the country.
Rice is grown in the south of the country.
②The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
2)一般过去时：was / were + done
①They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.
The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.
②The students didn't forget his lessons easily.
His lessons were not easily forgotten
3)一般将来时：will + be done
①They will send cars abroad by sea.
Cars will be sent abroad by sea.
②They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.
Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.
4)一般过去将来时：would + be done
①The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.
The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.
② The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.
The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.
5)现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done
①The radio is broadcasting English lessons.
English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.
② We are painting the rooms.
The rooms are being painted.
6)过去进行时：was / were + being + done
①The workers were mending the road.
The road was being mended.
②This time last year we were planting trees here.
Trees were being planted here this time last year.
7)现在完成时：have / has + been + done
①Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.
I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.
②He has brought his book here.
His book has been brought here.
8)过去完成时：had + been + done
①When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.
② The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; people had considered him to be a great leader.
The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; he had been considered to be a great leader
3含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be+ done
①You must hand in your compositions after class.
Your compositions must be handed in after class.
②He can write a great many letters with the computer.
A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.
4被动语态的使用情况：
1)当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，这时往往不用by 短语。
“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”
2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。
These records were made by John Denver.
5主动语态变被动语态的方法：
1)把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
2)把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。
3)把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以省略。
My aunt invited me to her dinner party.
→I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.
The school set up a special class to help poor readers.
→A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.
6语态转换时应注意的问题：
1) 把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。
We have bought a new computer.
→A new computer has been bought. (正确)
→A new computer have been bought. (错误)
2)含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。
My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.
→I was given a present on my birthday.
如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说
→A present was given to me yesterday.
3) 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。
The patient is being operated on.
The problem is solved. It needn't be talked about.
His request was turned down.
The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather
4)带复合宾语(宾语+ 宾补)的动词改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。
We always keep the classroom clean.
→The classroom is always kept clean.
She told us to follow her instructions.
→We were told to follow her instructions.
注意：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to，但改成被动语态后必须还原to。
We often hear him play the guitar.
→He is often heard to play the guitar.
5)当主动句的主语是nobody, no one等含有否定意义的不定代词时，被动句中将其变为anybody, 作by的宾语，并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。
Nobody can answer this question.
误：The question can be answered by nobody.
正：The question can not be answered by anybody.
6)当否定句中的宾语是anything, anybody, anyone等不定代词时，在被动句中应将其分别变为nothing, nobody, no one作主语，并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。
They haven't done anything to make the river clean.
误：Anything hasn't been done to make the river clean.
正：Nothing has been done to make the river clean.
7)以who为主语开头的疑问句，变被动时，用by whom放在句首。
Who wrote the story?
误：Who was the story written?
正：By whom was the story written?
8)有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。
The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。
The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。
The books sell well. 这些书销量很好。
9)下列情况主动句不能改为被动句。
①感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, seem, taste, sound。
— Do you like the material?
— Yes, it feels very soft.
②不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。
When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen.
After the earthquake, few houses remained.
③宾语是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定式，v-ing形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被动句子的主语。
I taught myself English.
误：Myself was taught English.
We love each other.
误：Each other is loved.
被动语态习题
考点点拨
英语中有些动词不表示动作，而是表示某种状态或情况，通常不用于被动语态，如cost, fit, last, own, fail等。
在主动语态中，hear, see, notice等感官动词和make, have, let等使役动词后跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但在转换为被动语态时，该不定式前要加to。
某些感官动词加形容词可表被动意义，如：feel, look, smell, sound, taste等。
某些不及物动词后加副词，也可表被动意义，如：lock, open, read, sell, cut等。
含短语动词的被动语态，短语中的介词或副词不能丢掉。
把直接宾语改为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前要加介词to / for。
不及物动词和不及物动词短语不能用于被动语态，如：appear, die, fall, happen, come out, take place等。
经典习题
1.—Wow, your silk dress looks so beautiful! How much is it?
—Well, it me $50.
A. cost
B. was cost
C. spent
D. was spent
2.—Sandy was made by some boys.
— Oh, sorry to hear that.
A. cry
B. to cry
C. cried
D. to crying
3.—These oranges look ugly, but they very sweet.
— If so, I’d like to buy some.
A. tasted
B. were tasted
C. taste
D. are tasted
4.—Don’t you like the car? It so well.
—I like it a lot, but I just can’t afford it.
A. sells
B. is sold
C. sold
D. was sold
5.As is known to all, the 2022 Winter Olympics in China.
A. took place
B. will take place
C. were taken place
D. will be taken place
参考答案：ABCAB
常见几种时态的被动语态练习
01
含情态动词的被动语态
讲一讲
含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为：情态动词+be+动词的过去分词 (+by+动作的执行者)。如：
Your homework should be finished before 9 pm.
The plant needn’t be watered every day.
Must the room be cleaned twice a day, Mom?
When can my computer be repaired, Mr. Wang?
表示被动意义的特殊结构：
1. read, ride, write, sell等作不及物动词时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。
2. look, smell, taste, feel, sound等表感觉的连系动词也常用主动形式表示被动意义。
练一练
一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.Many more trees should (plant) in the town.
2.Must the work (finish) by 6:30 this afternoon?
3.—How often do I need to feed the dog?
—It must (give) food three times a day.
4.The stars can (see) clearly this evening.
5.Tables can (make) of stone or wood.
二、把下列句子改为含有被动语态的句子。
1.We should clean our teeth twice a day.
2.You must hand in your homework before class.
3.You can hang these old pictures in the living room.
4.Students can keep the dictionaries for three weeks.
5.We should make some rules to stop the kids from throwing rubbish.
☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆
参考答案：
一、1.be planted
2.be finished
3.be given
4.be seen
5.be made
二、1.Our teeth should be cleaned twice a day.
2.Your homework must be handed in before class.
3.These old pictures can be hung in the living room.
4.The dictionaries can be kept for three weeks by students.
5.Some rules should be made to stop the kids from throwing rubbish.
02
一般现在时的被动语态
讲一讲
英语中有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
▲ 一般现在时的被动语态结构为is / am / are +及物动词的过去分词 (+ by + 动作的执行者)，句中常含有often, usually, every day等时间状语。
▲ 在将主动语态变为被动语态时，可参考以下例句：
Jenny① cleans② the room③ every day.
→The room③ is cleaned② by Jenny① every day.
把主动句中的宾语③变为被动句中的主语;
把主动句中的谓语动词②(cleans)变为被动句中的谓语(is cleaned)。be的形式根据被动句中主语的人称和数以及原主动句中动词的时态来确定。
把主动句中的主语①放在介词by之后作宾语。主语若是代词，将主格改为宾格。在无须说明动作的执行者或需强调动作的承受者时，by短语可以省略。如：
People grow rice in the south of China. → Rice is grown in the south of China.
练一练
把下列句子改为含有被动语态的句子。
1.Some big boys often laugh at the little girl.
2.A lot of people speak Chinese around the world.
3.Millions of people enjoy the Great Wall.
4.My grandpa waters these flowers every morning.
5.Everyone considers Dora to be the best student in the class.
6.People use chopsticks for eating noodles in China.
7.The students always keep the classroom clean.
☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆
参考答案：
1.The little girl is often laughed at by some big boys.
2.Chinese is spoken by a lot of people around the world.
3.The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people.
4.These flowers are watered by my grandpa every morning.
5.Dora is considered to be the best student in the class.
6.Chopsticks are used for eating noodles in China.
7.The classroom is always kept clean by the students.
03
一般过去时的被动语态
讲一讲
一般过去时的被动语态结构为：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 (+by+动作的执行者)。如：Three trees were watered by Alan yesterday.
将主动语态变为被动语态时，需注意以下几点：
有些动词如tell, give, send, lend, show, teach等后接双宾语，变为被动语态时，将间接宾语提前变为被动语态的主语，直接宾语不动;如果将直接宾语提前，则需要在间接宾语前加上to或for。如：
Mary gave Miss Lin a bunch of flowers.
→ Miss Lin was given a bunch of flowers by Mary.
→ A bunch of flowers was given to Miss Lin by Mary.
若动词后跟省去to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，在变为被动语态时应加上to。如：
We saw a stranger walk into the teacher’s office.
→ A stranger was seen to walk into the teacher’s office.
“动词+介词/副词”构成的短语动词，在变为被动语态时，需要保留后面的介词或副词。如：
The little girl took good care of her sick grandma.
→ The little girl’s sick grandma was taken good care of by her.
练一练
把下列句子改为含有被动语态的句子。
1.Alice sent me a postcard last week.
2.Mom asked Jack not to spend too much time on computer games.
3.The workers built the teaching building six years ago.
4.All the students talked about the project earlier this morning.
5.We heard Liu Feng read English books under the tree.
☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆
参考答案：
1.I was sent a postcard by Alice last week. / A postcard was sent to me by Alice last week.
2.Jack was asked not to spend too much time on computer games by Mom.
3.The teaching building was built by the workers six years ago.
4.The project was talked about by all the students earlier this morning.
5.Liu Feng was heard to read English books under the tree.
篇4：被动语态讲解
语法点拨
一、被动语态概述
语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。如：
They didn’t offer Ann the job. （主动语态）
Ann wasn’t offered the job. （被动语态）
安没得到这份工作。
二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。
1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种形式
现以动词clean为例列表说明：
2、被动语态的句式变化：
以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：
3、含有情态动词的被动语态
情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，“be+过去分词”部分不变。如：
Tables can be made of stone. 桌子可由石头制造。
Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）
Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）
三、被动语态的用法：
1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。
The old bridge was built many years ago. 这座古桥是许多年前建造的。
He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。
2、强调动作的承受者。
动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，也可省略。
Your plan is considered to be the best. 你的计划被认为是最好的。
3、动作的执行者是无生命的事物。
The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。
The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。
4. 避免更换主语，如：
Once a promise is made, it shouldn’t be broken. 诺言一旦许下，就不能违背。
Mothers love their children and children are sure to love their mothers.
母亲爱孩子，孩子当然也爱母亲了。
5. 使句子保持平衡，如：
The lecture will be made by Joe Smith, who is a young artist from the States.
乔史密斯将来做报告，他是一位年轻的美国艺术家。
（Joe Smith有一个非限定性定语从句，所以后置）
四、主动语态变为被动语态
转换图示：
1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：
（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语，如果主动句的宾语是代词，需变为主格。如：
（2）将动词改为“be+过去分词”，be与新主语的人称和数一致，时态不变。
（3）将主动语态的主语前加by放在谓语动词后，如果原主语是代词，要变为宾格。
They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held（by them）yesterday.
他们昨天开会了。 昨天举行了一个会议。
They won’t forgive me. → I won’t be forgiven by them.
他们不会原谅我的。 我不会被他们原谅的。
2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：
（1）主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示“人们”、“大家”等，
变为被动句时，通常删去“by…”，除非强调原主语。如：
They set up this hospital in 1975. → This hospital was set up in 1975.
这所医院建于1975年。
Only he can finish the job. 只有他能完成这项工作。→
The job can be finished only by him.这项工作只能由他来完成。
（2）含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态
有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。
Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。
We were told the truth by Jack.
The truth was told (to) us by Jack.
（3）含有宾语+宾语补足语的句子，变成被动句后原来的宾语补足语就成了主语补足语了；
注意：不带to的不定式作宾语补足语时，变成被动时要加上to。
I heart Emily sing the song just now.
→ Emily was heard to sing the song just now.
我刚才听见艾米莉唱这首歌了。
（4）含有宾语从句的主动句变为被动句，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，把宾语从句后置。
We have determined that the plan should be carried out soon.
It has been determined that the plan should be carried out soon.
我们决定这项计划必须马上实施。
（5）双重被动结构：
当某人或物成为两次动作的承受者时，要用双重被动结构。如：
Parents often ask their children to do too much homework.
The children are often asked to do too much homework.
Too much homework is often asked to be done by the children.
五、各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）
1．一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done）
The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。
2．一般过去时(was/ were +done)
My bike was stolen last night. 我的自行车昨天被偷了。
When was the book introduced to China? 这本书什么时候引入中国的？
3．一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)
A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。
I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助。
4．现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done)
The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理。
The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。
A bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一辆公共汽车。
5．现在完成时(have/ has been + done)
Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。
The book has been read many times by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。
Several soldiers have already been killed in the conflict.
在冲突中已经有几名士兵被杀害。
6．过去完成时(had been+done)
They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。
She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。
He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died.
他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。
六、高频考点：
1. 动词的主动形式表示被动之意
1）某些连系动词，如：look, feel, smell，sound, prove等。
The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。
Maria proves very patient and warm-hearted. 玛丽亚被证明很耐心、很热心。
2）表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”的某些动词，虽然可以是及物动词，但这时用作不及物动词，
如：lock, shut, close, open, move, read, write, sell, wash, clean, draw, cut,
translate, burn, run, ride, begin, end, operate等。
The sentences translate hard. 这些句子很难译。
The door won’t shut. 这个门关不上。
3）某些动词用在句型“主+谓+主补”时，如wear，blow，prove等。
The door blew open. 门被吹开了。
2. 不用于被动语态的动词
有些动词用于被动语态，如happen，cost，take，have (有)，own，possess, want (缺乏)。
An accident happened yesterday. 昨天发生了一起事故。
One should possess courage, determination and wisdom. 人要拥有勇气、决心和智慧。
3. “动词+反身代词”结构与“be+过去分词”结构
注意下面短语：
devote oneself to (献身于) seat oneself (就坐) dress oneself (穿衣),
amuse oneself (自娱自乐) lose oneself (迷路) prepare oneself for (做好心理准备),
concern oneself about (担心)
这些短语经常用被动结构表示主动意义。
They were seated in the front of the hall. 他们在大厅前部就坐。
He was concerned about his work. 他担心他的工作。
All my students are well prepared for the test. 我的学生都为考试做好了准备。
His mother is dressed in white at the party. 他的妈妈在宴会上穿着白色衣服。
4. be done与get done
1）现代英语特别是口语中常用“get + 过去分词”表示被动语态。
2）“get + 过去分词”只表示动作，而“be+过去分词”既可表动作，也可表状态。
They have been married for ages. 他们结婚多年了。（不能用get married）
They got married last month. 他们上个月结婚了。
3）经过安排、考虑的动作用“be+过去分词”；出乎意料时用“get+过去分词”。
How did the painting get damaged? 这幅画什么时候被损坏的？
4）“be+过去分词”是单纯的被动意义，而“get+过去分词”可以暗示主语对动作的发生有一定的责
任，含有某种主动意味。
His team got beaten again though they had tried their best.
虽然他们尽了全力，他的队还是输了。
5. 几个被动语态常用习惯用法：
We’re determined to set up an eco-laboratory. 我们决定建立一个生态实验室。
My time was occupied with children. 我的时间都用在了孩子们身上。
I’m very interested in fine arts. 我对美术非常感兴趣。
Where was your grandfather born? 你祖父的出生地是哪里？
I was graduated from that university ten years ago. 我十年前从那所大学毕业。
My hometown is situated in the south of China. 我的家乡在中国南部。
6．It is said/ reported/believed, etc. + 从句的变化：
“It is said/ reported/believed, etc. + 从句”表示据说/据报道/据信......，此句型可以变成从句主语作主语的句型：sb. ＋be said/ reported/believed, etc. +不定式。如果原来从句的谓语动作已经完成，不定式用完成式；如果从句的谓语动作是经常性动作或还没有完成，用不定式的一般式。
It is said that James is an expert on DNA. = James is said to be an expert on DNA.
人们说詹姆斯是个DNA专家。
It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. =
The boy is said to have passed the national exam.
据说这个男孩已经通过了这次全国性的测试。
巩固练习
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1. In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r” sounds at the end of the
words _________. ( 北京)
A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped
2. Experiments of this kind _______ in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second
World War.（ 北京）
A. have conducted B. have been conducted
C. had conducted D. had been conducted
3. He_____________some pieces of advice, but he__________to them.
A. gave, didn’t listen B. was given, wasn’t listened
C. give, wasn’t listened D. was given, didn’t listen
4. This coastal area ______ a national wildlife reserve last year. (2010 湖南)
A．was named B．named C．is named D．names
5. A lot of tall buildings______________in his hometown in the last three years.
A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up
6. They ______________printing 500 copies by the end of last month.
A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished
7. Great changes______________place. Many new schools ______________.
A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are open
C. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened
8. We can’t use the bridge now, because it______________.
A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired
9. I______________the way to the railway station by a policeman.
A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing
10. The war the old soldier remembers very well ______________in 1941.
A. broke out B. had been broken out
C. was broken out D. had broken out
11. When water______________, it will be changed into vapour.
A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats
12. We can’t enter the room because its door______________, but you couldn’t lock it at
all before.
A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking
13. They______________day and night, so they had no time to stay with their families.
A. are made work B. are made to work
C. made to be worked D. are making to work
14. Man-made satellites______________into space by many countries.
A. was sent up B. is sent up
C. have been sent up D. has been sent up
15. When ______ the People’s Republic of China_____ ?
A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found
16. A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.
A. was happened B. has been happened C. happened D. was going to happen
17. He will stop showing off, if no notice _____ of him.
A. is taken B. will be taken C. takes D. has taken
18. - It is said that another new car factory _____ now.
- Yeah. It _____ one and a half years.
A. is building； is taken B. is being built； will take
C. is built； will takeD. is being built； takes
19. I know Mr Brown；we _____ to each other at an international conference.
A. are introduced B. have been introduced
C. were introduced D. had been introduced
20. - I ____ to a party, but I’ve got nothing to wear.
- Why don’t you have a dress made for the party?
A. was asked B. will ask C. have asked D. have been asked
21. - What do you think of this kind of TV set, which _____ in Shanghai?
- Well, I don’t care such things.
A. was made B. is made C. has been made D. had been made
22. The vegetables didn’t taste very good. They ____ too long.
A. had been cooked B. were cooked C. had cooked D. cooked
23. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ____ the cloth ____ well.
A. have told； washes B. have been told； washes
C. was told； washed D. have been told； is washed
24. In some parts of the world, tea ____ with milk and sugar.
A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served
25. The new dictionaries are very useful. They ____ well and _______ already.
A. sell, have been sold out B. sold, had sold out
C. sell, sell out D. are sold, have been sold out
26. The train ____ arrive at 11:30, but it was an hour late.
A. was about to B. was likely to C. was supposed to D. was proved to
27. The teacher told his students that they ____ to be useful men to the country.
A. were all expected B. were all expecting
C. all were expected D. all expected
28. -Why did you leave that position?
-I __________ a better position at IBM.
A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered
29. The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ______ placed
under the Minister’s car.
A. has been B. was being C. had been D. would be
30. The hero’s story _______ differently in the newspapers.
A．was reported B．was reporting C．reports D．reported
Ⅱ把下列句子改为被动语态
1. I saw the boy run yesterday.
2. He told me that he would come back soon.
3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.
4. Do you water your flowers every day?
5. The wind blew down the big tree last night.
6. I think that he is right.
7. He had not thrown the bad food.
8. Mother was not mending the trousers.
9. They would not take him to Beijing.
10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time.
参考答案
Ⅰ单项选择
1. A。句子是有关美语中的一个语法现象的，是经常性的状态，且这个音节是人为漏掉的，所以用一般
现在时的被动语态。
2. D。实验（experiments）和动词conduct（实施）是被动关系，而且是在“before the Second
World War”进行的，即“过去的过去”，所以选D。
3. D。give接双宾语，“他”应被给一些建议，排除A、C；“他”听从建议，是主动关系，所以选D。
4. A。句意：这个沿海地区去年被命名为国家级野生动物保护区。
5. B。in the last three years 在过去三年里，一般与现在完成时连用，“建筑物”与“set up”是
动宾关系，所以用B。
6. A。by the end of last month 到上个月末为止，一般要用过去完成时；“They”是“finish”的
执行者，所以选A。
7. A。take place 发生，不能用被动语态；“school”是“被开设（open）”的，而且现在已经有了
变化，要用现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在的结果，因此选A。
8. D。桥现在不能使用，应该是正在被修理。
9. A。警察给“我”指路，“我”与“指路”是被动关系。
10. A。break out 爆发，是不可数名词，不用被动语态；过去某时发生的事，要用一般过去时。
11. A。“水”是人加热的，所以是被动语态。
12. C。门是被锁的，用被动语态。注意lock也有不及物动词的用法，表示主语的特征，不用被动语
态，如：The door won’t lock. 这个门锁不上。
13. B。make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事，变成被动句后要把do前省略的to加上。They与动词work是
主动的，因此要用不定式的主动式。
14. C。句意：许多国家都发射了人造卫星。根据句意应用现在完成时，卫星是被发射的，因此用C。
15. B。found 动词（原形），意为“建立”，过去式、过去分词是founded。
16. C。happen是不及物动词，不用被动语态。
17. A。如主句用将来时，在时间、条件和让步状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来。又因if 从句是被
动语态，是短语“take no notice of...（不注意）”中的notice（take的宾语）提前做了主
语，故选A。 句意：如果不注意他，他就不会卖弄了。
18. B。根据主语与build之间的被动关系和now， 可知要选现在进行时的被动语态；因工厂正在修建，
花费一年半应指将来。
19. C。在一个国际会议上“被介绍”显然发生在过去。
20. D。由but 分句中的现在时和答语所提建议内容，可知应选现在完成时的被动语态。
21. B。这种电视产于上海是客观事实，故用一般现在时。
22. A。cook发生在didn’ t taste very good 之前，且与主语之间有被动关系，故用过去完成时的被
动语态。
23．B。动词wash, lock, sell, wear, write, read, open, shut, clean等动词的主语是物，且又表
示主语的特征或状态时，要用主动形式表示被动意义。tell与I是被动关系，表示“别人告诉
我”。wash well 好洗。
24. B。茶是被“端上/提供”的，而且说的是一个事实，用一般现在时的被动语态。
25. A。第一空解析见23；sell out 卖光，与书是被动关系，从第一句的时态可知用现在完成时的被动
语态。
26. C。be supposed to 应该；be about to do 正要做，一般不与具体时间连用；be likely to do
可能做。
27. A。句意：老师告诉他的学生他们被期望成为对国家有用的人。
28. D。offer sb. sth. 主动提供给某人某物；从问句时态可知答语中要用一般过去时。句意：-你为
什么离职呀？-IBM给了我一个更好的。
29. C。小盒子是在警察注意到之前放的，所以用过去完成时。句意：那个警察的注意力突然被吸引到
一个安放在部长汽车下面的一个小盒子上。
30. A。“story”应该“被报道”。
Ⅱ、把下列句子改为被动语态
1. The boy was seen to run by me yesterday.
2. I was told that he would come back soon.
3. A lot of differences can be found by you between the two languages.
4. Are your flowers watered every day?
5. The big tree was blown down last night.
6. It is thought that he is right.
7. The bad food had not been thrown.
8. The trousers were not being mended by my mother.
9. He would not be taken to Beijing.
10. I was known by nobody in this town at that time.
篇5：初中英语语法之被动语态
被动语态
被动语态常跟的'介词：（以下面短语为例）
be made in + 地点 These watches are made in Shanghai.
be made of + 眼睛可以看出的原材料 This desk is made of wood. （仍能看出木头）
be made from +眼睛看不出的原材料 The paper is made from wood. （看不出木头）
be used for + 目的 English is often used for business. （用于商业目的）
This machine is used for cutting things. （用于切割东西）
be used as …被用来当作…… English is used as a foreign language in China.
be made by + 人 The model ship was made by Lily.
be filled with / be covered with是固定短语，分别译为“被充满了…”和“被覆盖着…”
The room is filled with smoke. This bag is filled with rice.
The ground is covered with snow. The hill is covered with trees.
通过上面对被动语态用法的学习，同学们对被动语态的知识可以很好的掌握了，希望同学们在考试中做的很好。
篇6：中考英语语法复习之被动语态讲解
一、语态的基本概念和种类
语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
如：主动句：They built this bridge.
被动句：This bridge was built by them.
二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“be +及物动词的过去分词”构成，助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为系动词的变化完全一样。
三、八种常用时态的被动语态举例
1. 一般现在时
A lot of books are kept in our school library. 我们学校图书馆有许多藏书。
2.一般过去时
A thief was caught last night. 一个小偷昨晚被抓了。
3.现在进行时
The watch is being repaired. 这块表正在修理。
4.过去进行时
The door was being painted at that time. 那时门还在油漆。
5.一般将来时
The class meeting will be held next Saturday afternoon. 班会下周六下午召开。
6.过去将来时
They said the work would be finished the next day. 他们说这项工作第二天就能完成。
7.现在完成时
My bag has been stolen. 我的包被偷了。
8.过去完成时
She said this airport had never been used. 她说这个机场没有使用过。
四、情态动词的被动语态
例：1)主动句：You must hand in your homework this afternoon.
被动句：Your homework must be handed in this afternoon.
2)主动句：I have to do the job myself.588.es
被动句：The job has to be done by myself.
3)主动句：All of us ought to obey the rule.
被动句：The rule ought to be obeyed.(by all of us)
五、被动语态的用法
1.当不知道谁是动作的执行者时，用被动语态。例如：
His bike has been stolen. 他的自行车被热偷走了。
2.在没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者时，用被动语态。例如：
China was librated in 1949. 中国是一九四九年解放的。
3.强调或突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。例如：
The plan has already been made. 计划已经制订好了。
用被动语态时，如需同时指出动作的执行者，可用“介词by +动词执行者(宾格)”这一结构。
例如： Midnight was written by Mao Dun. 《子夜》是茅盾写的。
六、使用被动语态应注意的事项
1. 及物动词能构成被动语态，不及物动词不能构成被动语态。
例如：Children sleep soundly. 小孩睡得香。
某些不及物动词与介词或副词构成不可分割的短语时，如有宾语，可用被动语态。
例如：The speaker was listened to carefully. 人们聆听发言人的讲话。
2.某些动词形式上是主动语态，但含有被动的意思。
例如：This book sells well. 这本书畅销。
3.带有情态动词的一般被动语态是“情态动词+be +过去分词”。
例如：The question needn’t be discussed. 这个问题不必讨论。
4.带有不定式的一般被动语态是“to be +过去分词”。
例如：A new hotel is going to be built near the station. 车站附近要建一所新旅馆。
七.用主动语态形式表示被动含义的常用动词:{主动代替被动}
clean sell lock translate read write wash wear cook
tear cut keep burn strike pull act last feel smell taste look
例：1)The cloth washes well.
2) Potatoes cook slowly.
3 ) The door doesn’t lock.
八、make let sb do sth; hear see sb do sth变成被动语态时要加上不定式标志to
[中考英语语法复习之被动语态讲解]
篇7：初中英语语法讲解
名词所有格有两种形式：一是加‟s，一种是用of来表示。一般情况下，指某人的某物用‟s表示，而指某物的什么用of 短语来表示。另外，要注意凡是以s结尾的名词或规则名词的复数，不能直接加‟s，而应该加-‟即可。例如，boys
‟ clothes girls‟ dresses。 不过，注意例外情况，例如， the boss‟s handwriting，其中the boss‟s 的-‟s不可省略。因为在英语中，如果以-s 或-ss 结尾的名词不是复数复数形式，那么其名词所有格仍加-„s。那么你会说“琼斯的小汽车”吗?对，Jones‟s car。
下面我们来做一部分习题。
1. June 1st is ___ Day.
A. Child‟s B. Childs‟ C. Childrens‟ D. Children‟s
答案：D
2. I need ___ paper, Mum. I want to write ___ letter to my English teacher.
A. any, some B. some, a C. a, some D. some,any
答案：B
3. There are two ___ and three ___ on the table.
A. knifes, forks B. knifes, fork C. knives, forkes D. knives, forks
答案：D
4. We have got a lot of___ today.
A. newspaper to read B. homework to do C. homeworks to do
D. book to read
答案：B
5. We could see __ children and hear ___ noise in the park.
A. many, many B. much, much C. many, much D. much, many
答案：C
6. Will you pass me ___?
A. a few pieces of chalk B. a few chalks C. a few of chalks
D. some chalks
答案：A
7. ___ has been invited to the dancing party.
A. A friend of her B. A friend of hers C. Friends of hers
D. Friends of her
答案：B
下面请大家自己练习一下。
1. September 10th is ___ Day.
A. the Teacher B. Teachers‟ C. Teacher D. Teacher‟s
答案：B
2. ---Can I help you, sir?
---I‟d like to have 100___. I want the students to draw pictures on them.
A. piece of paper B. pieces of paper C. papers D. paper
答案：B
3. ---Would you like ___ milk, please?
---No, thank you. I still have some.
A. some more B. an C. a little of D. all
答案：A
4. ___ the old woman is in!
A. What good health B. How a good health C. What a good health D. How good health 答案：A
① What + a(n) + 形容词 + 单数名词 + 主语 + 谓语!
② What + 形容词 + 复数名词 + 主语 + 谓语!
③ What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语!
④ How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语!
⑤ How + 形容词 + a(n) + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语!
⑥ How + 主语 + 谓语!
5. I’m going to help ___ with ___ English.
A. a friend of Nancy, hers B. a friend of Nancy’s, her
C. a friend of Nancy’s, hers D. a friend of Nancy, her
答案：B
6. The two desks here are ___. You may use the desk over there.
A. Mary and Jane B. Marys and Janes C. Mary and Jane’s
D. Mary’s and Jane’s
答案：D
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