以下是小编帮大家整理的中国人民大学英语专业考研基础英语试题，本文共10篇，欢迎大家分享。
篇1：中国人民大学英语专业考研基础英语试题
中国人民大学英语专业考研基础英语试题
I．Vocabulary and Written Expressions.(10 Points)Directions; Write in the blank the letter of the item which best completes each sentence.
1. Tough-talking ward councilor Tony Jones warned yesterday that the drive to clean up the Oxford Road area is being by the criminal justice system itself.
A. hampered B. prohibited C. restricted D. reserved
2. It is a source of continuing frustration that sometimes, after huge amounts of resources have gone into securing successful , career criminals often seem to be free after little more than a third or half of their sentences.
A. convictions B. decisions C. vanquisher D. agreements
3. The police and others are doing their best to clamp down on crime and disorder the intrusion of burglary, the source of drug dealers ruining lives, the threat of intimidation, violence and petty .
A. violation B. vandalism C. vanquisher D. variance
4. At a meeting attended by more than 600 lecturers and support staff last week, workers passed a vote of no in senior management.
A. consensus B. objection C. confidence D. continuation
5. At the height of her fame during the Second World War, she was one of the world\'s most influential women. But in later years, a gaunt relic of her former , she was a forlorn propagandist for her husband\'s ostracized and diminished regime.
A. reputation B. celerity C. background D. celebrity
6. That he was able to his responsibilities with such competence and apparent ease was partly due to his experience in the Royal Navy.
A. discharge B. charge C. obtain D. answer
7. The Galbraiths were a gregarious and family, probably descended from the Ancient British royal house of Str
>>篇2：北航英语专业考研基础英语试题
北航05年英语专业考研基础英语试题
考生注意：所有答题务必写在考场提供的答题纸上，写在本试题单上的答题一律无效(本题单不参与阅卷)。I.Vocabulary and Structure(40points,1*40)
Part 1
Directions: Choose one of the four alternatives which is closest in meaning to the underlined word or phrase and mark the corresponding letter.
1. “The giant was bit” is a tautological statement, to say the least.
A tight B redundant C illogical D relative
2. There is an embargo on any more video games coming into the house.
A landing place B prohibition C violation D permission
3. Youngsters are usually more impetuous than old people .
A impatient B immature C impulsive D imperial
4. Unfortunately, I‘ll spend the weekend doing a bunch of prosaic chores.
A dull B practical C trivial D rhyming
5. The crowd at the town meeting found the mayor‘s assurance too glib.
A sarcastic B flashy C malicious D readily fluent
6. Gazing at the crystalline lake, I decided it was too beautiful to swim in.
A breakable B futuristic C delicate D sparkling
7. We cannot vacillate on the question of the party‘s leadership.
A lead B doubt C check D repeat
8.It is more difficult for a chronic smoker to give up the habit than for a novice, but it can be done.
A affluent B confirmed C disciplined D indecisive
9. They were furious when one of their best managers was poached by another company
A headhunted B punched C plundered D probed
10. The ink had faded with time and so parts of the letter were unreadable.
A indelible B inscrutable C illegible D illegitimate
11. She bristled at the suggestion that she had been dishonest.
A bridled B bridged C breathed D boasted
12. Investors should study a prospectus before putting money into a big company.
A positive outlook B banking agreement C profit-and-loss statement
D formal business document
13 .The real hero is never ostentatious.
A frivolous B pretentious C presumptuous D ponderous
14. If you have never held a driving license before, you should apply for a provisional license.
A providential B temporary C provincial D improvised
15. John Smith is a voracious book collector.
A vicious B luxurious C insatiable D valuable
16. I don‘t think we should make precipitate decisions.
A precipitous B precocious C precarious D precautious
17. You need an excursion to break the monotony.
A gaunt B jaunt C vaunt D taunt
18. The government appears in a quandary about what to do with so many people.
A border B marshy ground C dilemma D situation
19. It was an auspicious beginning to her career as an author.
A unexpected B interesting C favorable D doubtful
20. The governor was usually circumspect when dealing with the media.
A skilled B cautious C impatient D
篇3：考研基础英语试题目
考研基础英语试题目
Every profession or trade, every art, and every science has its technical vocabulary, the function of which is partly to designate thing or process which have no names in ordinary English, and partly to secure greater exactness in nomenclature.Such special dialects, or jargons, are necessary in technical discussion of any kind.Being universally understood by the divorce of particular science or art, they have the precision of mathematical formula.Besides, they save time, for it is much more economical to name a process than to describe it.Thousands of this terms are popularly included in every large dictionary, yet, as a whole, they are rather on the outskirts of English language than actually within its borders.
Different occupations, however, differ widely in the character of their special vocabularies.In trades and handicrafts, and other vocations, like farming and fishery, they have occupied great number of men from remote times, the technical vocabulary, is very old.It consists largely of native words, or of borrowed words that have worked themselves into the very fiber of our language.Hence, though highly technical in many particulars, these vocabularies are more familiar in sound; and more generally understood, than most other technicalities.The special dialects of law, medicine, divinity, and philosophy have also, in their old strata, become pretty familiar to cultivated persons, and have contributed much to the popular vocabulary.Yet every vocation still possesses a large body of technical terms that remain essentially foreign, even to educated speech.And the proportion has been much increased in the last fifty years, particularly in the various departments of natural and political science and in the mechanic arts.Here new terms are coined with the greatest freedom, and abandoned with indifference when they have served their turn.Most of the new coinages are confined to special discussions, and seldom get into general literature or conversation.Yet no profession is nowadays, as all professions once were, a close guild.The lawyer, the physician, the man of science, the divine, associates freely with his fellow-creatures, and does not meet them in a merely professional way.Furthermore, what is called popular science makes everybody acquainted with modern views and recent discovers.Any important experiment, thought made in remote or provincial laboratory, is at once reported in the newspapers, and everybody is soon talking about it—as in the case of the Roentgen rays and wireless telegraphy.Thus our common speech is always taking up new technical terms and making them commonplace.
1.This passage is primarily concerned with _______.
[A] a new language
[B] technical terminology
[C] various occupations and professions
[D] scientific undertakings
2.Special words used in technical discussion_________.
[A] may become part of common speech
[B] should be confined to scientific fields
[C] should resemble mathematical formulae
[D] are considered artificial speech
3.It is true that____________.
[A] the average man of uses in his own vocabulary what was once technical language not meant for him
[B] various professions and occupations often interchange their dialects and jargons
[C] there is always a clear-cut non-technical word that may be substituted for the technical word
[D] an educated person would be expected to know most technical terms
4.In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the number of technical terms in nomenclature of __________.
[A] farming
[B] government
[C] botany
[D] fishing
5.The author‘s main purpose in the passage is to _________.
[A] describe a phenomenon
[B] argue a belief
[C] propose a solution
[D] stimulate action
Passage Three
During the second half of the nineteenth century, in the United States both the stimulus to produce landscape art and the subject of landscape altered appreciably as the pressure of events surrounding the Civil War witnessed the emergence of a new national consciousness.It was a time when certain fundamental religious beliefs were assaulted by new scientific theory and when new critical writing, particularly those of John Ruskin, exercised an important influence on art.The landscape painting from the Ganz collection provides an opportunity to examine the shifts in taste and the pluralities of style that characterized American Landscape painting, especially in the latter part of the century.
In the early years of the nineteenth century American Landscape was closely associated with the republican ideals of the new nation and took on significance in the popular imagination as a form of national propaganda.Landscape painting was conceived of as a vehicle for the presentation of the new republic‘s unique historical and moral position in world history.This position was supported by Thomas Cole, the dean of the Hudson river School, and was based on a religious interpretation of wilderness themes.While the American concern for the founding of a school of historical landscape was most assertive in the first half of the century and was confirmed in such grandly ambitious paintings as Café’s famous instructive moral one
portraying the COURSE OF EMPIRE, the interest in crating a national art based on American nature continued to influence the formal evolution of landscape painting.
6.with what topic is the passage primarily concerned?
[A] The normal position of the United States.
[B] John Ruskin's influence on nineteenth century art.
[C] A religious interpretation of wilderness themes.
[D] The evolution of landscape painting in the United States
7.What phenomenon does the author mention as occurring at the time of the Civil War?
[A] The revival of fundamental religious beliefs.
[B] An increased interest in national geography.
[C] A period of depression on the arts and sciences.
[D] The emergence of new national consciousness.
8.According to the author, why is the Ganz collection significant？
[A] It reflects changes in American Landscape painting.
[B] It includes many critical writing of the era.
[C] It appeals to the popular imagination of republicans.
[D] It documents the painting of the Hudson River School.
9.According to the author, landscape painting early in the nineteenth century was used to _________.
[A] finance a school of historical landscape painting
[B] further the ambitions of young politicians
[C] represent and reaffirm a new nation
[D] realistically portray the physical beauty
10.what does the word assaulted mean?
[A] Attacked
[B] Praised
[C] Scolded
[D] Satirized
篇4：南京财经大学考研基础英语试题
南京财经大学考研基础英语试题
TEXT D
In a breath-taking turn of events, Asia's economies have gone from miracle to meltdown in a matter of weeks. Many forecasters who recently predicted GDP growth of 6% in South Korea and southeast Asia for are suddenly projecting zero or even negative growth. In the often short-sighted world of international finance, a new conventional wisdom is quickly forming： that inept policy-making is dragging down Asian economies, and that only the tough austerity medicine of the International Monetary Fund, plus a good stiff recession, will bring the region’s economies back to track.
In recent years, foreign and domestic investors in East Asia got a touch of what U.S. Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan has famously termed irrational exuberance. Spurred by years of high economic growth in Asia, these investors poured billions of dollars of loans into the region, financing many worthwhile investments but also an unsustainable real estate boom.
This over-investment need not have caused a crisis. A healthy reaction would have involved a gradual cutback in foreign lending, a gradual weakening of Asia's overvalued currencies and gradual shift of investments from over-inflated property sectors back to longterm export-oriented projects. Most short-term booms are brought down to earth without extreme crisis, and such an adjustment was the most likely scenario until the summer in .
In the event, Asia experienced a financial meltdown. A gradual withdrawal of funds from Thailand suddenly became a stampede. Thailand's government dallied in responding to the overheating long after it had become apparent, and as a result squandered Thailand’s foreign exchange reserves in a misguided attempt to defend the overvalued baht. The stampede came when foreign creditors realized that Thailand had more short-term foreign debts than the remaining short-term foreign reserves. A rational panic began. Each investor started to sump assets simply to get out of Thailand ahead of other investors. Panic in Thailand soon took a toll on the economies of its neighbors. The chain reaction of nervous withdrawal led to a meltdown that now includes most of East Asia.
Confidence has been so drained that Asia's positive fundamentals ? historically high rates of growth, savings and exports ? are being overlooked. Economies rely on confidence, and what they most need to fear is, indeed, to fear itself.
16. What is the most appropriate title for this passage？
A The Nervous Action of Market Economy
B A Vicious Circle Is At Work
C The Asian Miracle Takes Some Hits
D The Prophesies of Financial Doom
17. The word meltdown in Paragraph 1, sentence 1 is closest in analogy to ______.
A the radioactive core of a nuclear power
B a controlled nuclear reaction
C nuclear energy slipping out of control and ending up in a full-blown disaster
D the breakdown of the cooling system
18. According to the author, in normal cases, over-investment ________.
A can be reduced by a quick slash in foreign lending
B does not necessarily lead to a critical stage
C may be solved by an abrupt depreciation of currencies
D should be shifted to boom-town real estate speculations
19. The chain reaction of investment withdrawals from the East Asian countries can best be said as _________.
A irrational exuberance
B long-term adjustment
C market economy under siege
D contagion effect
20. According to the passage, what is supposed to be the key link to the economic recovery in East Asia？
A To attract more foreign fund.
B To boost the exports.
C To stop dumping assets.
D To regain confidence.
VI. Translation the English into Chinese. (20 points)
What is your recovery rate？ How long does it take you to recover from actions and behaviors that upset you？ Minutes？ Hours？ Days？ Weeks？ The longer it takes you to recover, the more influence that incident has on your actions, and the less able you are to perform to your personal best. In a nutshell, the longer it takes you to recover, the weaker you are and the poorer your performance
You are well aware that you need to exercise to keep the body fit and, no doubt, accept that a reasonable measure of health is the speed in which your heart and respiratory system recovers after exercise. Likewise the faster you let go of an issue that upsets you, the faster you return to an equilibrium, the healthier you will be. The best example of this behavior is found with professional sportspeople. They know that the faster they can forget an incident or missed opportunity and get on with the game, the better their performance. In fact, most measure the time it takes them to overcome and forget an incident in a game and most reckon a recovery rate of 30 seconds is too long！
VII. Translation the Chinese into English. (20 points)
远程教育属正规教育,它打破了传统的.课堂教学模式。远程教育与传统教育相比有两大区别, 即远程教育具有灵活性和开放性,不受时空和学习进度的限制。
教师在一处授课,而学生在另一处学习,打破了时空限制。有些学生由于工作、家庭或是地理条件的限制等原因无法接受传统教育,而远程教育可以为他们提供受教育的机会。学生学习的地点可以是配有通信设备的校园、工作单位或者自己家里。授课可以实时或非实时进行。师生交互以及生生交互可以融入到教学过程中去。
VIII. Writing. (30 points)
Directions： Write a composition of about 400 words on the following statement.
A company has announced that it wishes to build a large factory near your community. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this new influence on your community. Do you support or oppose the factory？ Explain your position.
篇5：考研英语试题
考研英语试题
Part I
Reading Comprehension （20'）
Directions： There are 4passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of there are four choices marked A),B),C),and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
For anyone who is set on a career in fashion， it is not enough to have succeeded in college. The real test is whether they can survive and become established during their early 20s making a name for themselves in the real world where business skills can count for as much as flair（眼光） and creativity.
Fashion is a hard business. There is a continuous amount of stress because work is at a constant breakneck （高速而危险的） speed to prepare for the next season's collections. It is extremely competitive and there is the constant need to cultivate good coverage in newspapers and magazines. It also requires continual freshness because the appetite for new ideas is hard to satisfy. “We try to warn people before they come to us about how tough it is,” says Lydia Kemeny, the Head of Fashion at St. Martin's School of Art in London. “And we point out that drive and determination are essential.”
This may seem far removed from the popular image of fashionable young people spending their time designing pretty dresses. That may well be what they do in their first year of study but a good college won‘t be slow in introducing students to commercial realities. “We don’t stamp on the blossoming flower of creativity but in the second year we start introducing the constraints of price， manufacturability， marketing and so on.”
Almost all fashion design is done to a brief. It is not a form of self-expression as such, although there is certainly room for imagination and innovation. Most young designers are going to end up as employees of a manufacturer or fashion house and they still need to be able to work within the characteristic style of their employer. Even those students who are most avant-garde（标新立异的） in their own taste of clothes and image may need to adapt to produce designs which are right for the mainstream of market. They also have to be able to work at both the exclusively expensive and the cheap end of the market and the challenge to produce good design inexpensively may well be demanding.
1.To be successful as a fashion designer you must .
A） have excellent academic qualifications
B） be able to handle business problems
C） be well established before you are 20
D） have taken an intensive commercial course
2.All fashion designers should expect to
A） work without carelessness and laziness
B） cope with continual fatigue
C） make a rapid turnover
D） endure tough competition
3.In fashion design one of the most important factors is to
A） make instant decisions
B） satisfy excessive demands
C） maintain good press contacts
D） cultivate public taste
4. Initially， many young designers have to
A） hold back their creativity
B） present an encouraging picture
C） change their personal taste in fashion
D） inform to a certain image
5.The views on fashion design expressed in this article
A） get rid of some common illusions
B） present an encouraging picture
C） contain some innovative ideas
D） discount the creative element
篇6：考研英语试题
考研英语试题
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is 1 a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy Sciences, has 2 .
The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1,932 unique subjects which 4 pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both 5 .
While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “most people do not even 7 their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the 8 our kin.”
The study 9 found that the genes for small were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity. Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now, 10 , as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more 11 it. There could be many mechanisms working together that 12 us in choosing genetically similar friends 13 “functional Kinship” of being friends with 14 !
One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes to be evolution 15 than other genes. Studying this could help 16 why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major 17 factor.
The findings do not simply explain people’s 18 to be friend those of similar 19 backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care taken to 20 that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.
1、[A]what [B]why [C]how [D]when
2、[A]defended [B]concluded [C]withdrawn [D] advised
3、[A]for [B]with [C]by [D]on
4、[A]separated [B]sought [C]compared [D] connected
5 、[A]tests [B] objects [C]samples [D]examples
6、[A]Insignificant [B]unexpected [C] unreliable [D]incredible
7、[A]visit [B]miss [C] know [D] seek
8、[A]surpass [B] influence [C] favor [D]resemble
9、[A]again [B] also [C]instead [D]thus
10、[A] Meanwhile [ B]Furthermore [C] Likewise [D]Perhaps
11、[A] about [ B] to [C] from [D]like
12、[A] limit [ B] observe [C] confuse [D]drive
13、[A] according to [ B] rather than [C] regardless of [D]along with
14、[A]chances [ B]responses [C]benefits [D]missions
15、[A] faster [ B]slower [C] later [D]earlier
16、[A] forecast [ B] remember [C] express [D]disruptive
17、[A] unpredictable [ B] contributory [C] controllable [D]disruptive
18、[A] tendency [ B] decision [C]arrangement [D]endeavor
19、[A] political [ B]religious [C] ethnic [D]economic
20、[A] see [ B]show [C] prove [D]tell
篇7：英语专业考研复习重在基础英语
英语专业考研复习重在基础英语
目前距离20考研的时间还有8个月，想必打算参加英语专业考研的学生已经摩拳擦掌准备全身心的投入了复习。在此，仅就英语专业考研占150分值的“基础英语”试卷和大家探讨一番，希望能给广大考生带来一些帮助。
通过对国内近百所高校历年英研基础英语真题的分析与研究，并结合培训班中学员普遍存在的问题，总结出了一套针对性较强的基础英语辅导计划，同时也发现了一些问题。
首先，英语专业考研基础英语的考试属于专业基础知识的测试，难度在专八之上，题型如词汇、语法、修辞、写作、翻译等，无论是南方院校还是北方院校几乎都要考到。不同的是，形式有所不同、侧重点不同，这就需要我们一定要学会从整体上把握英研基础英语的精髓，夯实基本功，提炼英研核心知识，以高频、共核知识为突破，以难点、重点做补充，面对近几年不断变化的英研考题，能够从容应对，以不变应万变。这一点考生要特别引起注意，在的英研考试中就出现了很多这样的变化，如北京外国语大学，增加了基础英语的写作，对外经贸大学增加了英语国家文化等等。
再者，我们把全国英语专业考研的'试卷做了一个分类：第一是语言类院校，如北外、外经贸、上外、广外、北二外等等，这类学校强调的是语言的基本功；第二类是综合性院校北大、人大、南大等，注重语言的实用性及运用能力；第三类师范类院校，试卷题型比较全面，出题比较细腻；第四类是理工类院校，如清华、上海交大、北交大、北航、北理工等，这些试卷有系统、标准化强、结构整齐、给人的印象是容易驾驭，但要得好分、得高分不太容易。所以，为了更从容的应考，更有把握的接受初试复试的层层考核，环球时代学校建议广大考生复习时不要只针对报考院校的题型，尤其是在这个阶段，要重视基础知识的加强和运用，全面掌握英语专业基础阶段的应知应会，以提高基础英语的综合应试能力。
总之，通过多年来的英语专业考研培训以及录取结构的评估，我们发现有很大一部分考生在基础英语方面欠缺，不能达到英研要求，最终与英研擦肩而过，后悔莫及。另外，近年来越来越多的院校不再指定基础英语参考书，这让考生更加感到茫然。所以，忠告大家一定要认清方向、认清自我，从现在开始把自己的复习分成三步：第一步提高基础水平，使语法、词汇、修辞、阅读、翻译水平达到一定程度；第二步，强化练习，针对同类试卷反复练习，强化应试；最后到了冲刺阶段，要彻底研究报考院校的历年试卷，做到知己知彼百战不殆。(王进)
篇8：考研英语试题
Section Ⅰ Use of English
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1(10 points)
The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, 1 this is largely because, 2 animals ,we stand upright. This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact 5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells, 6 we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million.
Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough.
The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary. This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else#39;s. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.
1. ［A］although ［B］as ［C］but ［D］while
2. ［A］above ［B］unlike ［C］excluding ［D］besides
3. ［A］limited ［B］committed ［C］dedicated ［D］confined
4. ［A］catching ［B］ignoring ［C］missing ［D］tracking
5. ［A］anyway ［B］though ［C］instead ［D］therefore
6. ［A］even if ［B］if only ［C］only if ［D］as if
7. ［A］distinguishing［B］discovering ［C］determining［D］detecting
8. ［A］diluted ［B］dissolved ［C］determining［D］diffused
9. ［A］when ［B］since ［C］for ［D］whereas
10. ［A］unusual ［B］particular ［C］unique ［D］typical
11. ［A］signs ［B］stimuli ［C］messages ［D］impulses
12. ［A］at first ［B］at all ［C］at large ［D］at times
13. ［A］subjected ［B］left ［C］drawn ［D］exposed
14. ［A］ineffective ［B］incompetent ［C］inefficient［D］insufficient
15. ［A］introduce ［B］summon ［C］trigger ［D］create
16. ［A］still ［B］also ［C］otherwise ［D］nevertheless
17. ［A］sure ［B］sick ［C］aware ［D］tired
18. ［A］tolerate ［B］repel ［C］neglect ［D］notice
19. ［A］availabe ［B］reliable［C］identifiable［D］suitable
20. ［A］similar to［B］such as ［C］along with ［D］aside from
篇9：考研英语试题特点
考研英语试题特点
1、文章短，挖空多
众所周知，一般说来，文章越短，挖空密度越大，由于失去的语言信息越多，理解文章的难度就越大，解答试题的难度也就会相应加大，考研英语近五年试题特点。作为测试学生的语言知识综合运用能力的试题，必须要保持一定的难度系数。为此，控制试题短文的长度是完全必要的。当然，试题的难易程度还取决于文章本身的句子结构和造句。如果通篇是简单句结构，用词简单，自然便于理解，容易选择答案。相反，如果文章多用非谓语动词和其他短语结构，多用难词，则必然增强试题的难度。不过，从目前英语中“完形填空”试题的选文来看，都不会超越现行大学英语六级考试难度。这就为考生解答试题提供了有利条件。
2、情景意义选择为主，语法选择填空极少
我们知道，完形填空试题，要求考生根据文章的整体内容，分层次的结构和内容的逻辑关系，去选择符合文章情节的答案。这就决定着试题考查必须以情景意义选择为主。这种试题的特点是：在四个备选答案中，孤立地看对应挖空的句子，都能满足句子的要求，无论将哪个答案填进去，从语法上说都是正确的。
与之相反，有的'备选答案，无论排除错误项或者确定正确项，都需要依据语法知识，这就叫语法选择填空。孤立地看挖空的句子及其备选答案，其解题思路和要求与试题中的“语法惯用单项填空”是完全一样的。
由于情景意义选择填空的需要，每小题（每一空）的四个备选答案往往是相同的词类，其词形也相同。即：如果是副词，则都是副词；如果是动词过去分词，则都是过去分词：等等。即使个别小题中四个备选答案的词类有不相同者，其语法和功能也往往是一样的。
3、短文内容逻辑性强，文章结构严谨，层次分明
4、所选短文的英语语言符合大学英语的实际水平
研究分析历年考题中“完形填空”的短文，不难发现其语法结构，用词选句均未超过大学英语所学过的文章水平。这就为考生充分发挥自己的思维能力，理解掌握短文内容，选择正确答案创造了条件。但是，在短文中出现一些派生词，或者已学词语有了新的用法，新的意义，却是不足为怪的。
篇10：考研英语试题及答案
考研英语试题及答案
There is growing interest in East Japan Railway Co. ltd，one of the six companies，created out of the privatized nationa__l__ railway system. In an industry lacking exciting growth1，its plan to use real-estate assets in and around train stations__2__is drawing interest.
In a plan calledStation Renaissancethat it__3__in November，JR East said that it would__4__using its commercial spaces for shops and restaurants，extending them to__5__more suitable for the information age. It wants train stations as pick-up__6__for such goods as books，flowers and groceries__7__over the Internet. In a country where city__8__depend heavily on trains__9__commuting，about 16 million people a day go to its train stations anyway，the company __10__. So，picking up commodities at train stations__11__consumers extra travel and missed home deliveries. JR East already has been using its station__12__stores for this purpose，but it plans to create__13__spaces for the delivery of Internet goods.
The company also plans to introduce __14__cardsknown in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuit for__15__information__16__ train tickets and commuter passes__17__the magnetic ones used today，integrating them into a/an __18__pass. This will save the company money，because__19__for IC cards are much less expensive than magnetic systems. Increased use of IC cards should also__20__the space needed for ticket vending.
1.[A] perspectives [B] outlooks [C] prospects [D] spectacles
2.[A] creatively [B] originally [C] authentically [D] initially
3.[A] displayed [B] demonstrated [C] embarked [D] unveiled
4.[A] go beyond [B] set out [C] come around [D] spread over
5.[A] applications [B] enterprises [C] functions [D]performances
6.[A] districts [B] vicinities [C] resorts [D] locations
7.[A] acquired [B] purchased [C] presided [D] attained
8.[A] lodgers [B] tenants [C] dwellers [D] boarders
9.[A] for [B] in [C] of [D] as
10.[A] figures [B] exhibits [C] convinces [D] speculates
11.[A] deprives [B] retrieves [C] spares [D] exempts
12.[A] conjunction [B] convenience [C] department [D] ornament
13.[A] delegated [B] designated [C] devoted [D] dedicated
14.[A] clever [B] smart [C] ingenious [D] intelligent
15.[A] checking [B] gathering [C] holding [D] accommodating
16.[A] as [B] for [C] with [D] of
17.[A] but for [B] as well as [C] instead of [D] more than
18.[A] unique [B] single [C] unitary [D] only
19.[A] devices [B] instruments [C] readers [D] examiners
20.[A] reduce [B] narrow [C] dwarf [D] shrink
答案
1.C 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.A
11.C 12.B 13.D 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.A
总体分析
本文介绍了东日本铁路公司引人关注的新计划。文章第一段介绍说东日本铁路公司创造性地利用车站内部及周围房地产的计划正引起越来越多人的关注。第二段具体介绍了这一计划的内容及好处，即适应信息时代的要求，把车站作为网上购物的物品收取地，这样既为消费者提供了方便，又提高了递送物品的安全性。第三段介绍了该公司引入智能卡代替目前使用的各种磁卡作车票的`计划及其优点。
全文翻译
通过国家铁路系统的私有化创建起来的六大公司之一的东日本铁路有限公司，正吸引着越来越多人的目光。在一个发展前景不振的行业，它创造性地利用车站内部及周围的房地产的计划正引起人们的关注。
东日本铁路在11月份公布的车站复兴计划中说：它将不仅把它的商业空地用于开商店和餐馆，而且还要把这些商业空地用于更加适应信息时代的功能上去。它打算把车站作为网上所购物品如书籍、花卉和日用百货等的收取地。该公司估算，在一个都市人严重依赖列车作为上下班交通工具的国度里，每天大约有1600万人因各种原因来到它的车站。因此，在车站收取物品使消费者节省了路途而且也不像往家里递送那样容易丢失。东日本铁路已经开始把车站的便利店用于这一目的，但它打算为网上货物的递送创立专门的空间。
该公司还打算引入智能卡(在日本称为IC卡，因为它们利用集成电路储存信息)取代目前使用的磁卡作为车票和定期券，把各种不同的票券合为一体。这将为公司节省资金，因为IC卡的读卡机比磁系统要便宜的多。IC卡使用的增加还将会减少售票所占用的空间
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