读懂逻辑，一招斩获雅思阅读7.5

时间：2022-09-07 08:19:34 其他范文收藏本文下载本文

这次小编给大家整理了读懂逻辑，一招斩获雅思阅读7.5，本文共7篇，供大家阅读参考，也相信能帮助到您。

读懂逻辑，一招斩获雅思阅读7.5

篇1：读懂逻辑，一招斩获雅思阅读7.5

读懂逻辑，一招斩获雅思阅读7.5

一个学生在有了词汇、语法的基础上怎么才能向高分发起冲刺呢，这里我们要探讨就是雅思阅读考试里面所隐含的逻辑关系(logic relation)，理清了这些逻辑关系，搞明白了文章和题目的基本思路，那么许许多多的问题(problem)就迎刃而解了。

雅思阅读里隐含的逻辑结构林林总总，但是大致我们可以归纳(summarize)为以下四种，我们叫做雅思阅读四大逻辑关系：并列逻辑关系，转折逻辑关系，比较逻辑关系，因果逻辑关系。

这四种逻辑关系不仅涉及到了题目的半壁江山，而且对于理解一篇文章，或者段落的某些句子具有重大意义，接下来(next)，我就讲一一分解它们，希望能给学习雅思阅读的同学一些启示和参考(reference)。

一、并列逻辑关系

并列逻辑关系是这四种逻辑关系里面最简单(simplest)，最容易理解(easy to understand)的一种，对于很多同学来说，无外乎就是and, or这两个词(two words)……

二、因果逻辑关系

既然是因果关系，那么就存在谁因谁果的问题(problem)，世间没有无因之果，也没有无果之因，cause和effect是相互依存的(reliable)，在任何一个句子中出现了表述原因的词，必然能看到其结果(result)，反之亦然……

三、比较逻辑关系

说到比较逻辑关系，大家可能首先想到的则是T，F，NG中对比较关系的判断(judgment)，诚然，判断题里比较级(comparison)是一大考点，但是比较逻辑关系的运用比这要广泛得多，做此类题时要记住两个原则(rule)即可：

原则一：但凡题目出现了比较逻辑关系，那么原文中答案所在的句子也必然会有比较逻辑关系出现，只是其关系词表述形式(form)可能会替换

原则二：如果题目存在(exist)比较级，回原文去找比较级(comparison)，如果题目是最高级，则抓最高级，或者extremely，或者比较级和最高级替换着找都可。……

四、转折逻辑关系

转折经常给我们的生活(life)带来各种惊喜(surprise)，当然也不乏刚才例子里这种“惊喜”，那么这种逻辑关系跟我们的雅思阅读(IELTS reading)又有什么关系呢?作为雅思阅读四大逻辑关系之终结篇，本文将深入探讨转折逻辑关系在雅思阅读中的广泛运用(application)与实战要领。转折逻辑关系词的运用，一如之前介绍过的三种逻辑关系词一样，绝不是光背背几个常见替换(replacement)就可以熟练运用的，考生在运用的过程(process)中一定要深刻体会(experience)它们所体现的逻辑关系，所涉及的要素(element)，以及作者的意图(aim)等等，反复练习，建立良好的意识，方能玩转这些逻辑关系词。

雅思阅读做不完?学会略读法只需五招

下面为大家整理了雅思阅读做不完?学会略读法只需五招,供考生们参考,以下是详细内容.

(1)、要利用印刷细节(typographical details)

如书或文章的标题、副标题、小标题、斜体词、黑体词、脚注、标点符号等,对书和文章进行预测略读(preview skimming).

预测略读要了解作者的思路、文章方式(模式),以便把握大意,有关的细节及其相互关系.

(2)、以一般阅读速度(200～250wpm),

阅读文章开头的一、二段,力求抓住文章大意、背景情况、作者的文章风格、口吻或语气等.

(3)、阅读段落的主题句和结论句.

抓住主题句就掌握了段落大意,然后略去细节不读,以求得略读速度.

(4)、注意转折词和序列词.

转折词如however, moreover, in addition等;序列词firstly, secondly等.

(5)、若无需要,不必阅读细节

篇2：学习高分经验斩获雅思阅读9分

学习高分经验斩获雅思阅读9分

1.阅读8.5

阅读的话自己在考前主要就是复习了一遍剑4~10的错误，把错误找回原文的对照然后分析。每道问题都要找到原文中的对应，这点非常重要，你找不到原文中对应的具体位置就不要妄下结论。雅思考试中除了考察大意、部分matching题以外，别的题目一般都是文中的某句话有着具体的对照。我觉得帮助自己实现飞跃的还是《平行阅读法》这本书，确实对于自己节约时间和提高正确率帮助很大。把书上内容和联系做一遍以后，就要按照平行阅读法来联系。具体也像书中所说的，不必拘泥于书本，关键是在真题练习当中找到边做题边阅读，平行答题的感觉。剑4~10我原先基本每篇要错10个甚至以上。经过总结和《平行阅读法》这部书的练习，做模拟实战时错误都能控制在5个以内，同时还有4~5分钟的时间剩余。实际考试的时候自己确实有些紧张，做的有点慢。时间刚刚好用完，不过每篇都限定在20分钟内搞定，所以这种方法对于阅读速度不高的大多数同学还是很有帮助的。

今天跟一个学姐聊起来，才意识到其实帮助自己阅读飞跃的不仅仅是平行阅读法，还有对《8分万能作文的阅读》。没错，就是8分万能作文这本书。当时她问到我怎么阅读文章中的长句子，我才想到自己对阅读长句子的技巧都来自于8分。你有没注意到8分上面的考官范文都是很长的句子，往往一个很长的段落只有3~5个句子，但每个句子都很长。当时我文章字数写不够，所以很用心的学习8分上的长句子怎么写出来的，对于句子的结构成分我也用笔勾画出来，同时把经典句型记在本子上。回到阅读当中，面对文章中的长句子，你也就不那么害怕和陌生了。

另外我们谈到了学术雅思涉及的一些专业名词问题(听力和阅读都有)，我觉得这个大家不要担心，因为这个绝对不会影响你的理解。不认识某方面的专有名词，你只要把它们当做对应的A、B、C、D就好了，A有怎么样作用，A和B是什么关系，这就足够啦。

2.阅读8.5

其实我虽然雅思准备时间很短但是我在此之前准备过9个月的GRE,虽然诸多原因导致最后结果不理想,但是我单词的的确确,老老实实背下来了.因此我的阅读经验结合GRE备战分为内力和招式两大部分.

内力:

首先我想建议每个烤鸭都把对内力的重要性提高到一定的程度.本人也知道什么机经什么无词阅读法在IELTSer中间流传广泛,但是这些东西并不能真正提高我们的实力,最多运气好碰到几篇机经,做对几道有明确态度方向的地无词题.但是这纯属碰运气的事,就像买彩票,中大奖是小概率事件,不中奖才是正常的.

英语学习没有捷径,花多少功夫就得到多少结果. 就像武功,修炼内力才是正道,内力雄浑出招才能平凡中现神奇.只追求招数新奇迟早走火入魔.对于烤雅思阅读来说内力就是词汇量,对英语句式结构的熟悉程度。

词汇量:

词汇量无疑是重要的，阅读的时候如果单词都会就顺着读下去了。但是如果碰到有词不会，不管你是选择重读还是不管跳过，都会卡一下。这个卡一下是是十分浪费时间的，如果老是卡住想都不用想肯定不能按时做完了。而且阅读的不连贯也会影响我们对文章的理解程度。

大部分人觉得词汇量这个东西都是一点一滴积累的,没什么捷径可走.的确这是正确的,但是我们可以根据记忆曲线完美的配置我们的背单词的安排. 这里向大家推荐一下杨鹏背词法.这种方法可以在相对较短的时间内达到单词的识记,对阅读来说这种程度差不多够用了.保收估计雅思单词差不多一个星期就够了。

当然缩短背词周期的的代价是增加背词的密度,负担相对较重.必须指出的是这样背下来的单词通常不知道发音不会拼写,对于听力、口语来说没多大作用。背完后大约有十分之一的单词会读会写，所以对写作来说也会有莫大好处。

推荐大家时间充分去背下GRE词汇，用书就用红宝书(GRE词汇精选，俞敏洪的)就够了。因为我发现我做的雅思真题里面难词都是GRE词汇。

句式：

句式也是内力很重要的一个环节。也许很多同学会觉得雅思阅读中有句子读不懂，于是重新回过头再去读一遍。这是绝对错误的。很浪费时间。导致这种事发生的原因有两个：一个是单词不认识，一个是句式不熟悉。

对于单词前面已经解决，而对于句式我也没有什么好办法，土办法倒是有一个：背难句。我当时准备GRE时背的时《GRE,gmat难句》，这本书里面列举了GRE中各种结构的难句。我觉得分析每句话的语法结构不好，因为养成看不懂就分析结构的习惯到考场上也去分析分析时间根本不够用，如果大家不信可以自己尝试一下。于是我直接拿着难句背诵，背了没有几句就有语感了，再回头看阅读文章就轻松很多。当然GRE难句的难度很大，居多native speaker都不能用扫读法读下来，需要做好心理准备。过程是痛苦的，前途是光明的。

最后再说说武功招式吧：

在熟悉阅读题的时候我一开始做完一篇文章平均耗时17分钟，搞得不好就有文章做21分钟。我一开始是按照GRE的方法去做的：先快速阅读文章(8分钟左右读完)，以后阅读问题回头去文章里寻找答案。这导致了一个问题：我做完一篇文章就把文章看了四到五遍了，重复看文章浪费了大量时间。)

后来我看到网上有人说到了平行阅读法，感觉说得有道理。试了试，基本做完一篇文章最多读3遍。平均耗时下降到了14分钟，最快一篇12分钟就做完了。

最后的最后我想说做阅读的时候一定要回到文章里找答案，不要凭借印象做题，很容易错。

3.雅思9分

孤认为很有必要单独说一下雅思阅读的做题顺序问题。您要是觉得，自己已经掌握顺序了，直接掠过我~节省宝贵时间哈~

是这样的，以前我之所以没有说，是因为我觉得这是最最常识的东西，以为所有人都理所当然的明白的。就没有说，觉得说了我就更显罗嗦了。但是后来我慢慢发现，有很多很多同学，他们的做题方法居然是有点那个问题的。而且是很大的问题。影响时间影响速度，当然就影响了出手的准头，也就是正确率。甚至有很多人，(我 Q上为雅思阅读加了50人左右，但是我一般都是万年隐身。。。大家有事尽管举手发言~有照顾不到的，忘了回的，敬请原谅则个~我忘了，你一直催我就好了~)，他们实力都非常非常强的，但是居然做题顺序不对。我估计纠正过来后，8分没有问题~

好，so少刚刚听我要加个更新差点死了，我就不罗嗦了，直接正题。

孤还是强调，雅思阅读没有任何技巧性可言!而我说的的做题顺序，您就当是一个知识普及。。。是必须必备非常基础的东西，这个顺序比你的词汇量还要重要。

听我从头讲起~~

首先必须知道，雅思的出题顺序是大乱序，小顺序。意思就是说，每种题型之间，为乱序。选择和yesorno肯定是乱序，不按题号出现在原文内容中。但是每种题型内部，一般来说，为顺序。即他们在原文中的位置，出现位置是按题号的顺序。这个规律简直就是一定的。但是我好像在剑7中，发现过一次反例。这是剑 34567中，唯一一次反例。可以忽略不计。所以童鞋们，只要记得大乱序，小顺序就好。

那么有了这种顺序应该怎么做题呢?。。。(语气好像找抽啊。。。。大家不要砸我~)

好，那我们就按题型来记题。

嗯，先看题再看原文，这种废话就不多说了，阅读都一样。(但是我还真的遇到过先看文章的神人。。。童鞋们!先看题目再做文章啊!)

看题的时候，每种题型看两个题，划出这两个题的关键词。注意，是只看两个!不要看一个题型中所有的题!那就意味着你遇到多少种题型就要看多少遍文章!

好，然后，带着你记住的这些题，去看文章。我估计一般情况下，一般啊，一次只需要记六个keywords就够了。下面的就不用我说了吧?每找出一个答案，就看该题型中的下一个题目，以此类推。没做完之前，每种题型，记两个题。

好，我们具体问题具体分析一下。

我随手打开剑5，T1，P1。我拿到这片文章，先看题目，每种题型记两个题，所以我先记的是，45，和89。这片的多选稍后说。比如我先找到8了，(我胡说的啊，没看题，就是比如一下~)，那么我心中记得题目就变成了4，5，9，10。假设我又找到4了，那我心中记得就变成了，5，6，9，10.。希望我解释完了大家不要更糊涂了。。。.

但是也有可能，我都做完一种题型了，另一种的题型我还一个没有找到，很正常。

至于这篇的多选，肯定不能你一次只看两个选项的。但是第一次看题的时候呢，要是全把这选项记住，费时间，以后还忘。我觉得这种题，可以第一遍看题型的时候，略过。等你看完一段了，scan选项中有没有你要的东西。这么一段一段的看。

又至于matching，我说，所有人，就是加我阅读的所有人，都为matching而痛不欲生。。。所以不要担心，matching就是难。要死大家一起死。matching这种题目，有时关键词很简单，就是大写的人名。所以省去了记关键词的麻烦~我觉得matching就在于理解。别无他法。。。。

还有就是说，不少人都说，我觉得雅思文章很简单，我都能看懂，但是我就是做不对。。宝贝儿啊~~~~你都看懂了怎么可能做不对呢~~还是没有看懂嘛!小弱我总结了一下，一般是同义词替换的问题。就是说，不明白原文中的这句话，是对应题中的那个词的。理解才是王道。

要有信心啊童鞋们~我这个口语听力废人阅读都有8哦~阅读在四项中确实是最容易的了~我还知道一个女孩，实际上实力很强!最低7.5吧，但是就是死活没有信心。。。做题之前，要有这种气魄：什嘛玩意儿啊~蒙小孩呢~我肯定都能做对。根本不值一提。即使100人中99人和我答案不一样，我也认为一定是我对了!

做雅思，小宇宙，气场，一定要强~~~~~~以上就是小站雅思频道为大家带来的3篇雅思巨人经验贴，祝早日走出雅思阅读的雾霾，翱翔在口语和写作的填空中。祝与雅思和平分手。

雅思阅读模拟练习及答案

1 One of the most intelligent animals on the planet is the dolphin. 2 These unique animals have been regarded highly by humans for many centuries. 3 In ancient Greece, if sailors saw dolphins swim by their ships when they were starting out ______ a voyage, they believed they would have good luck.

4 One unique characteristic that makes them different from other sea animals is the way that they communicate. 5 Dolphins use sound, touch and taste in order to learn about their world; however, unlike dogs, dolphins cannot smell. 6 They use a whistle or sound waves to see and feel their way around their environment. 7 This makes them different from many other sea animals and also helps them communicate _______ people.

8 Another unique thing about dolphins is that the bones in their fins are similar ______ those in human arms and hands. 9 However, the connective tissue that surrounds the bones forms a flipper (鳍状肢) instead of a hand with individual fingers. 10 Even though dolphins live in the oceans, they do not drink the salt water around them. 11 Their bodies absorb water from the wide variety of creatures they eat.

12 Loving a dolphin is an easy thing to do but, unlike a dog or a cat, the dolphin cannot come home with you from the ocean. 13 That is why many people like collecting dolphin souvenirs. 14 One can find many such things in almost every shop around the world. 15 Even the ancient people painted the images of dolphins on their vases.

1. Fill in the blanks with prepositions:____________; _____________; ________________.

2. What is paragraph one mainly talking about?_________________________________________

_____________ paragraph two:_____________________________________________________

paragraph three:______________________________________________. paragraph four:______

________________________________________

3. Change sentence 2 into active voice:_______________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

4. The special way dolphins communicate with those around them is by ______.

A. touching others with their fins

B. making special gestures

C. smelling the creatures around them

D. using whistles and sound waves

5. The water dolphins consume mainly comes from ____.

A. ocean water B. what they eat

C. rain water D. sea plants

6. From the passage, we can infer that ______.

A. it is rather difficult to train dolphins

B. ancient people were fond of dolphins

C. dolphins are good pets

D. all shops sell dolphin products

on with to

DBB

雅思考试阅读模拟练习及答案

1. The failure of a high-profile cholesterol drug has thrown a spotlight on the complicated machinery that regulates cholesterol levels. But many researchers remain confident that drugs to boost levels of ’good’ cholesterol are still one of the most promising means to combat spiralling heart disease.

2. Drug company Pfizer announced on 2 December that it was cancelling all clinical trials of torcetrapib， a drug designed to raise heart-protective high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)。 In a trial of 15000 patients， a safety board found that more people died or suffered cardiovascular problems after taking the drug plus a cholesterol-lowering statin than those in a control group who took the statin alone.

3. The news came as a kick in the teeth to many cardiologists because earlier tests in animals and people suggested it would lower rates of cardiovascular disease. “There have been no red flags to my knowledge，” says John Chapman， a specialist in lipoproteins and atherosclerosis at the National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) in Paris who has also studied torcetrapib. “This cancellation came as a complete shock.”

4. Torcetrapib is one of the most advanced of a new breed of drugs designed to raise levels of HDLs， which ferry cholesterol out of artery-clogging plaques to the liver for removal from the body. Specifically， torcetrapib blocks a protein called cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP)， which normally transfers the cholesterol from high-density lipoproteins to low density， plaque-promoting ones. Statins， in contrast， mainly work by lowering the ’bad’ low-density lipoproteins.

Under pressure

5. Researchers are now trying to work out why and how the drug backfired， something that will not become clear until the clinical details are released by Pfizer. One hint lies in evidence from earlier trials that it slightly raises blood pressure in some patients. It was thought that this mild problem would be offset by the heart benefits of the drug. But it is possible that it actually proved fatal in some patients who already suffered high blood pressure. If blood pressure is the explanation， it would actually be good news for drug developers because it suggests that the problems are specific to this compound. Other prototype drugs that are being developed to block CETP work in a slightly different way and might not suffer the same downfall.

6. But it is also possible that the whole idea of blocking CETP is flawed， says Moti Kashyap， who directs atherosclerosis research at the VA Medical Center in Long Beach， California. When HDLs excrete cholesterol in the liver， they actually rely on LDLs for part of this process. So inhibiting CETP， which prevents the transfer of cholesterol from HDL to LDL， might actually cause an abnormal and irreversible accumulation of cholesterol in the body. “You’re blocking a physiologic mechanism to eliminate cholesterol and effectively constipating the pathway，” says Kashyap.

Going up

7. Most researchers remain confident that elevating high density lipoproteins levels by one means or another is one of the best routes for helping heart disease patients. But HDLs are complex and not entirely understood. One approved drug， called niacin， is known to both raise HDL and reduce cardiovascular risk but also causes an unpleasant sensation of heat and tingling. Researchers are exploring whether they can bypass this side effect and whether niacin can lower disease risk more than statins alone. Scientists are also working on several other means to bump up high-density lipoproteins by， for example， introducing synthetic HDLs. “The only thing we know is dead in the water is torcetrapib， not the whole idea of raising HDL，” says Michael Miller， director of preventive cardiology at the University of Maryland Medical Center， Baltimore.

(613 words nature)

Questions 1-7

This passage has 7 paragraphs 1-7.

Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.

Write the correct number i-ix in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

List of Headings

i. How does torcetrapib work?

ii. Contradictory result prior to the current trial

iii. One failure may possibly bring about future success

iv. The failure doesn’t lead to total loss of confidence

v. It is the right route to follow

vi. Why it’s stopped

vii. They may combine and theoretically produce ideal result

viii. What’s wrong with the drug

ix. It might be wrong at the first place

Example answer

Paragraph 1 iv

1. Paragraph 2

2. Paragraph 3

3. Paragraph 4

4. Paragraph 5

5. Paragraph 6

6. Paragraph 7

Questions 7-13

Match torcetrapib，HDLs，statin and CETP with their functions (Questions 8-13)。。

Write the correct letter A， B， C or D in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

7.It has been administered to over 10，000 subjects in a clinical trial.

8.It could help rid human body of cholesterol.

9.Researchers are yet to find more about it.

10. It was used to reduce the level of cholesterol.

11. According to Kashyap， it might lead to unwanted result if it’s blocked.

12. It produced contradictory results in different trials.

13. It could inhibit LDLs.

List of choices

A. Torcetrapic

B. HDLS

C. Statin

D. CETP

篇3：如何学习高分经验斩获雅思阅读9分

站在前人的肩膀上学习高分经验斩获雅思阅读9分

1.阅读8.5

2.阅读8.5

内力:

词汇量:

推荐大家时间充分去背下GRE词汇，用书就用红宝书(GRE词汇精选，俞敏洪的)就够了。因为我发现我做的雅思真题里面难词都是GRE词汇。

句式：

最后再说说武功招式吧：

后来我看到网上有人说到了平行阅读法，感觉说得有道理。试了试，基本做完一篇文章最多读3遍。平均耗时下降到了14分钟，最快一篇12分钟就做完了。

最后的最后我想说做阅读的时候一定要回到文章里找答案，不要凭借印象做题，很容易错。

3.雅思9分

孤认为很有必要单独说一下雅思阅读的做题顺序问题。您要是觉得，自己已经掌握顺序了，直接掠过我~节省宝贵时间哈~

好，so少刚刚听我要加个更新差点死了，我就不罗嗦了，直接正题。

听我从头讲起~~

那么有了这种顺序应该怎么做题呢?。。。(语气好像找抽啊。。。。大家不要砸我~)

好，那我们就按题型来记题。

嗯，先看题再看原文，这种废话就不多说了，阅读都一样。(但是我还真的遇到过先看文章的神人。。。童鞋们!先看题目再做文章啊!)

好，我们具体问题具体分析一下。

但是也有可能，我都做完一种题型了，另一种的题型我还一个没有找到，很正常。

雅思考试阅读理解训练试题及答案

From The Economist print edition

How shops can exploit people's herd mentality to increase sales

1. A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (that is， how ants， bees or any social animal， including humans， behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy.

2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome， Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani， a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology， described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon. Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted： for instance， by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store， forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes， also of the Florida Institute of Technology， set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that， if a certain product is seen to be popular， shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying.

3. Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmani's supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag， a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information， and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods， a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high， he is more likely to select it too.

4. Mr Usmani's “swarm-moves” model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts. And it gives shoppers the satisfaction of knowing that they bought the “right” product—that is， the one everyone else bought. The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world， mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal-Mart in America and Tesco in Britain are interested in his work， and testing will get under way in the spring.

5. Another recent study on the power of social influence indicates that sales could， indeed， be boosted in this way. Matthew Salganik of Columbia University in New York and his colleagues have described creating an artificial music market in which some 14，000 people downloaded previously unknown songs. The researchers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they had been downloaded， they followed the crowd. When the songs were not ordered by rank， but the number of times they had been downloaded was displayed， the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced. People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so.

6. In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from department stores and research companies. The shops sell only the most popular items in each product category， and the rankings are updated weekly. Icosystem， a company in Cambridge， Massachusetts， also aims to exploit knowledge of social networking to improve sales.

7. And the psychology that works in physical stores is just as potent on the internet. Online retailers such as Amazon are adept at telling shoppers which products are popular with like-minded consumers. Even in the privacy of your home， you can still be part of the swarm.

Questions 1-6

Complete the sentences below with words taken from the reading passage. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

1. Shopowners realize that the smell of _______________ can increase sales of food products.

2. In shops， products shelved at a more visible level sell better even if they are more _______________.

3. According to Mr. Usmani， with the use of “swarm intelligence” phenomenon， a new method can be applied to encourage _______________.

4. On the way to everyday items at the back of the store， shoppers might be tempted to buy _______________.

5. If the number of buyers shown on the _______________ is high， other customers tend to follow them.

6. Using the “swarm-moves” model， shopowners do not have to give customers _______________ to increase sales.

Questions 7-12

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 7-12 write

YES if the statement agrees with the information

NO if the statement contraicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage

7. Radio frequency identification technology has been installed experimentally in big supermarkets like Wal-Mart.

8. People tend to download more unknown songs than songs they are familiar with.

9. Songs ranked high by the number of times being downloaded are favored by customers.

10. People follow the others to the same extent whether it is convenient or not.

11. Items sold in some Japanese stores are simply chosen according to the sales data of other shops.

12. Swarm intelligence can also be observed in everyday life.

Answer keys：

1. 答案：(freshly baked) bread. (第1段第2 行：Shoppers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they intended.)

2. 答案：expensive. (第1段第4 行： Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors.)

3. 答案：impulse buying. (第2段第1 句：At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome， Zeeshan- ul- hassan Usmani， a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology， described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon.)

4. 答案：other (tempting) goods/things/products. (第2段第2 句：Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted： for instance， by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store， forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them.)

5. 答案：screen. (第3段第4 行：As a customer walks past a shelf of goods， a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high， he is more likely to select it too.)

6. 答案：discounts. (第4段第第1句：Mr Usmani's “swarm- moves” model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts.)

7. 答案：NO. (第4段第3、4 句：The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world， mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal- Mart in America an Tesco in Britain are interestd in his workd， and testing will get under way in the spring. 短语 “get under way”的意思是“开始进行”，在Wal-Mart的试验要等到春天才开始)

8. 答案：NOT GIVEN. (在文中没有提及该信息)

9. 答案：YES。 (第5段第3 句：The reseachers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they have been downloaded， they followed the crowd.)

10. 答案：NO。 (第5段最后两句：When the songs are not ordered by rank， but the number of times they had been downloaded was displayed， the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced. People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so. pronounced 的词义是“显著的、明显的”)

11. 答案：YES。 (第6段第1 句：In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from department stores and research companies.)

12. 答案：YES。 (最后一段最后一句：Even in the privacy of your home， you can still be part of the swarm. home应该算是everyday life的一部分

雅思考试阅读难句分析：倒装句

英语句子通常有两种语序，一种是自然语序(Natural Order)，又称正装语序，另一种便是本章要介绍的倒装语序(Inverted Order)。

从形式上分，倒装有两种：全部倒装(Full Inversion)和部分倒装(Partial Inversion)。谓语动词全部位于主语之前的称作全部倒装，例如：In front of me stood a boy. (我面前站着一个男孩。)只将谓语动词的一部分(通常是助动词或情态动词)放在主语之前的称作部分倒装，例如：Only in this way can we do it better. (只有这样，我们才能做得更好一些)从使用目的区分，倒装也有两种情况，即语法倒装(Grammatical Inversion)和修辞倒装(Rhetorical Inversion)。语法倒装是由于语法规则的要求而必须进行的倒装，例如：Who called me just now?(刚才谁打给我?)修辞倒装是出于修辞的需要而把正常语序转为倒装语序，例如：Out rushed the children.(孩子们冲了出去)H·Fowler归纳倒装的原因有九种，即疑问、命令、惊叹、假设、平衡、衔接、点题(signpost)、否定和韵律(metrical)。这并不完全，还应加上强调和为使描写更加生动两种。在英语中，倒装句俯拾即是，用得非常普遍，但汉语却很少用，所以在翻译倒装句时，仍应按原文词序翻译，并照顾汉语的习惯，以保持译文句子结构流畅、匀称。本章只列举在阅读文章中常遇到的倒装现象，以使考生熟悉英语和汉语在语序上的差异。

1. Jack London poured into his writings all the pain of his life,the fierce hatred of the bourgeoisie that it had produced in him,and the conviction it had brought to him that the world could be made a better place to live in if the exploited would rise up and take the management of society out of the hands of the exploiters.

第一层：Jack London 主 poured 谓 into his writings 状 all the pain 宾 of his life,定 the fierce hatred 宾 of the bourgeoisie 定 that it had produced in him ,定语从句1 and 连 the conviction 宾 it had brought to him 定语从句2 that the world could be made a better place to live in if the exploited would rise 同位语从句 up and take the management of society out of the hands of the exploiters .

第二层：(定语从句1)that 引 it 主 had produced 谓 in him 状

(定语从句2)it 主 had brought to 谓 him 间宾

(同位语从句)that 引 the world 主 could be made 谓 a better place 宾 to live in 定 if the exploited would rise up and take the man- 状语从句 agement of society out of the hands of the exploiters.

第三层：(状语从句)if 引 the exploited 主 would rise up 谓 and 连 take 谓 the management 宾 of society 定 out of the hands of the exploiters 状

要点本句为倒装句。如果宾语较长或宾语结构比较复杂，往往将宾语后置，采用倒装语序，以使句子保持平衡。本句的宾语由三个并列的名词构成，且第二和第三个名词后又带有限定性定语从句，故采用倒装语序，将动词poured的宾语放在状语into his writings之后。all the pain……，the fierce hatred……和the conviction……是poured的三个并列的宾语;其中，第一个that引导的定语从句修饰hatred,it had brought to him修饰conviction,在该定语从句中其关系代词作宾语而被省略;第二个that从句则是conviction的同位语从句。

译文杰克·伦敦在作品中倾注了他一生中所遭受过的一切痛苦，倾诉了这种痛苦在他心中产生的对资产阶级的刻骨仇恨以及由此产生的这样的信念：如果被剥削者起来反抗，从剥削者手中夺回社会管理权，那么世界就会变成一个人人有好日子过的地方。

2. Along with them goes social mobility,ambition to rise in the urban world,a main factor in bringing down the births in Europe in the nineteenth century.

分析：Along with them 状 goes 谓 social 定 mobility,主 ambition 主 to rise in the 定 urban world,a main factor 同位语 in bringing down the births in Europe in the nineteenth century. 定

要点这是一个完全倒装句，主语是social mobility……century，谓语动词是goes.ambition to rise in the urban world 是对 social mobility的进一步说明。a main factor在意思上相当于which is a main factor in……century，修饰 ambition to ……world.本句可按原文顺序翻译。

译文伴随他们而来的是社会的流动性，人们强烈地希望在城市里发展，这是19世纪欧洲出生率下降的主要因素。

3. For example,they do not compensate for gross social inequality,and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.

要点句中had he grown up …… 是虚拟条件中省略if的倒装结构。翻译时，要把if的含义译出。主句为并列谓语…… compensate …… ， and …… tell结构。句中how引导宾语从句。虚拟条件句为宾语从句的状语。根据汉语的表达习惯，条件状语常前置。

译文例如，它们并不弥补明显的社会不公;因此，它们说明不了一个物质条件差的年轻人，如果在较好的环境下成长，会有多大的才干。

4. So involved with their computers do the children become that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.

要点本句的基本结构是the children become so involved with their computers that……。因为把so involved with their computers 放在了句首，所以句子必须倒装。因为该句的动词是become，所以用do来帮助倒装。翻译时宜用正装语序。

译文参加计算机夏令营的孩子们对计算机如此着迷，以至夏令营的负责人常常不得不强迫他们停下来参加体育运动或做游戏。

5. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized,it is in the interest of business to universalize access - after all,the more people online,the more potential customers there are.

要点破折号后面的部分是用来解释句子主句的，在结构上是部分倒装句，属(从句)the+比较级……，(主句) the +比较级句型，这样的句子一般主谓不倒装。翻译时可用正装。universalize：使普遍化;使通用化。

译文随着国际互联网越来越商业化，普及上网会对商家有利，因为上网的人越多，潜在的顾客数量就越多。

6. Only after studies provided evidence of the harmful effects of such programs has it been possible to modify TV programming policies.

要点 only是加强语气的词语，位于句首时，主谓语要倒装。这样的句子一般可按原文顺序翻译。has it been ……是主句，正装应是it has been……。

译文只有大量调研提供出证据表明此类节目产生不良影响后，电视节目审查政策才有可能改变。

7. Unpopular as red has been in the past at the moment it is a favorite hair style.

要点这是一个主从复合句，主句是at the moment it is a favorite hair style.在让步状语从句中，作为表语的unpopular 放在 as前面位于句首，构成部分倒装。形容词+as从句在意思上等于although……，一般翻译成“虽然…”。注意这个形容词不能放在动词后面，否则整个句子意思不同。

译文虽然过去红色不受欢迎，眼下红色染发剂却备受青睐。

8. Lonely was seeing his daughter only twice a week since the divorce.

要点这是一个完全倒装句，主语是seeing his daughter……divorce.翻译时可正装。

译文他只是觉得离婚后每周只能看女儿两次让他感到孤独。

9. So perilous was this one that he was the only security officer on the site.

要点该句的原结构是this one was so perilous that……，因为把 so perilous 放在句首，所以句子要主谓倒装。翻译时可正装。

译文做现场惟一的保安官员，这差使还真有点危险。

10. In front of me stood the essential tools of the intelligence officer''s trade - a desk,two telephones,one scrambled(改变频率使不被窃听)for outside calls,and to one side a large green metal safe with an oversized combination lock on the front.

要点这是一个并列句，由and连接。第一个分句中破折号前面是一个完全倒装句，主语是 the essential tools of the intelligence officer''s trade.破折号后面的部分是用来解释trade.One scrambled for outside calls 等于one of which was scrambled for outside calls.第二个分句也是一个完全倒装句，只是在 to one side后面省去了动词stood.该句可按原文语序翻译，第二个分句中省去的动词应翻译出来。

译文展现在我面前的是情报官员这一行的基本用具——一张写字台、两部，其中一部是变频加密外线，在我旁边是一个大型的绿色金属保险柜，其正面有一把特大号复合密码锁。

篇4：高二女生3个月考雅思阅读7.5总分6.5经验谈

高二女生3个月考雅思阅读7.5总分6.5经验谈

天前查到的成绩，OVERALL 6.5，阅读7.5，其他都是6，现在心情已经平静不少了，在准备考雅的3个月中，是无忧雅思网使我从一只超级菜鸟成长为现在的超级小虾，现在是我回报各位考雅的XDJM的时候了，呵呵。

偶6月30日参加完学校里的高二期末考试后，没休息几天就在7月13日踏上了北上的火车，呵呵，当然是去北京新东方了，上的是雅思住宿基础班(偶的是YJ0504)，在这里建议各位XDJM，如果时间不紧，又有足够财力的`话，新东方的住宿基础班值得一上，因为不只有各位名师的激情授课，还会有精彩的讲座(俞敏洪，张亚哲，周成刚都被我遇上了)还有晚上的英文原声电影，当时播了最新的SMITH夫妇，STAR WAR3，真得很超值的说，还有老师，如果运气好的话能遇到何刚孙涛乐静组合，应该是最棒的吧，我不幸遇到庄子，何刚只给我们开了一次课，讲了一次模考，庄子别的都挺好，就是喜欢跑题，喜欢发表过激言论，通常是一天4小时的课上下来，发现只记了2页的笔记，也就是1篇半真题范文，当时就有一种想扁他的冲动，还有我极端爱慕的孙涛老师，纯正伦敦音，认真善良，21世纪新好男人(乐静语)。

40天过去，最后的模考只有5.5，不免沮丧，不过也算过了预科的要求线，于是回家，报名10月的考试，自己在家复习了将近一个月，其实在家复习就我个人而言，是挺没有效率的，总是被电视电脑所诱惑，早上开电脑，心理想着是上51网，一会就跑到娱乐新闻上去了，所以建议各位XDJM，附近如果有图书馆或大学，还是去自习室吧，学习环境还是挺能带动人。考前一个月，突然发现不上冲刺班心里没底，就又在山大学府报了冲刺班，18天的学习很充实，最后的听力预测是全中，GOOD LUCK！！我开始还报了济南的环球雅思，个人感觉真是很垃圾，北京的环雅绝对是一流，但这些分校的质量就很难保证了。

关于学习材料的问题，个人认为，刘洪波的阅读真经值得一用，完全从考生角度出发，附有单词表，我们不用再费劲的一个个查生词了，而且印的纸张很舒服，淡黄色，有朴素的美感，偶没有买剑1，买了剑2也没作完，其实把34吃透就足够了，听力材料，最好能背过，不行的话就反复听，一定要有印象，还有单词书，一本就足够了，偶在北京新东方买了4本单词书，现在看着都很不爽。

最后谈一谈，当天的考试情况吧，10月15的我们很幸运，听力竟然全是老VERSION，不过可能因此判分标准很严格吧，什么冠词，介词，单复数都卡的很紧，我算分怎么也能对26个吧，可是最后听力还是6分，阅读也挺简单，我高二的词汇水平都感觉读起文章来很爽，最后做完了还有5分钟，于是无聊的转笔，最后的作文也没什么新意，政策制定，DISCUSS类，当时首段首句用了庄子推荐的9分句式：设问句，最后看来也没什么效果，口语我够倒霉，竟然是本市第一人，考的新题：LOCAL EVENT，考官为中年男子，不苟言笑，我回答完连个回映都没有，我当时真是4分的心都有了，呵呵，不过最后还是6，所以大家看到臭着脸的考官不要慌，因为无数先驱已经引证过这一条了。

篇5：雅思阅读技巧之掌握逻辑学会策略

掌握逻辑学会策略雅思阅读才能飞一般的感觉

在《剑桥雅思》的前言中，关于阅读有这样一段话: “The passages are on topics of general interest. At least one text contains detailed logical argument.” 据笔者观察，所有雅思文章都可以分为两大类：介绍性的学术说明文和论辩性的学术论文。说明文只是对一个既定的事实进行客观介绍和陈述，不包含argument，教科书就属于这一类;而学术论文通常针对一个悬而未决的问题，进行论证，继而提出解决方案，其过程就是提出问题、分析问题、解决问题。在雅思考试中，这类文章分为两种：实验论证和逻辑论证。

(一)介绍类学术说明文的结构

要判断文章类别，一般看标题就可以了。介绍类文章是对某事物或现象进行描述或介绍，所以标题一般为名词短语或者以How开头的疑问句。具体结构如下：

-Introduce a phenomenon or a fact.

-Detailed Description:

Timeline/Different Aspects/Logic Development

-Look into the future/Summary

无论什么文章，起始段总是引出主题，所以多用叙述描写性语言，或介绍现象，或陈述事实，或交代问题。

在介绍类说明文中，中间断落是对事物细节的展开描述，各种话题可以通过三种不同方式展开。第一类时间顺序，通常用于陈述一个历史事件，例如剑五中的“Johnson’s Dictionary”就是这一类。第二类并列或递进，从各个侧面来介绍，例如剑四中的“What Do Whales feel?”，一看标题就知道是介绍鲸鱼各个感官的，属于并列结构。第三类是逻辑顺序，据笔者统计，环境自然类文章多依照这种顺序，下文对此会作详细评述，这里不再赘言。

(二)论证类文章的结构

(1)实验类文章

-Introduce experiment

-Pre-experiment (Subjects, Tools, Methods)

-Experiment Process

-Result (Collecting Data)

-Analyses and Syntheses

在雅思阅读中，实验类文章结构最为固定。笔者分析了“剑四”和“剑五”中所有实验类文章，发现其结构无一不遵循以上套路，这是因为实验报告的形式本来就单调。首段总是说明实验的缘起以及实验没目的，然后介绍实验前的准备工作包括器具，实验主体等，接着进入实验进程的描述，而后公布实验结果，最后综合数据得出结论。无论实验做什么，这个基本顺序是不会改变的。

2)逻辑论证类结构

-Introduce the topic/problem

-Literature Review (Optional)

-Present Causes/Reasons (optional)

-Writer’s Approach

-Supporting Evidences

-Conclusions

这类文章从结构上讲更接近于论文。起始段导出议题，第二部分对议题进行文献综述，介绍已有的观点或探讨引发问题的原因，第三部分引入作者的判断以及相关分论点或论据，最后是结论。在雅思考试是中这类文章通常是比较难的。

当你对雅思阅读文章的结构有了以上了解，那么剩下的就是做题中的实战策略，等达到庖丁解牛般的熟稔之后，便可以在考场上即便遇到陌生的题目也可以做到游刃有余。请看雅思阅读的2大主要策略问题。

1. 先读文章还是先看题目?

笔者在备考雅思的时候，常常难以在阅读文章和题目之间找到平衡。读完文章再做题目，时间不够;看完题目再读文章，读后脑袋还是空白一片。而尝试过这两种方法，正确率似乎也并没有明显提高。其实想通读文章再做题的想法是不现实的，近千字的文章有太多的细枝末节，读完很难留下印象，而即便是有，也很难确定对应的原文位置。而看完题目再读文章，每篇文章有13-14个题目，想记住每个题目也是不可能的事，何况又是在考场正手忙脚乱的时候，如果遇到自己不熟悉的文章类型，恐怕只能对天长叹。

最有效的方法是，先细读文章题目和第一段，对整体内容和主题做出预判，然后看后面问题。而问题只需要先看一个类型的题目，一般为4-5道题，然后根据问题的关键词回归原文，根据定位句及其前后位置的语句来回答问题。值得注意的是，雅思阅读题目基本都是按照信息在原文段落出现的顺序依次来设定的，当然这不包括“原文哪个段落提到了以下句子”这类题型。每篇文章都有主题，有作者的情感倾向，题目和文章第一段起着提纲挈领的作用，而每一段的段首句会是段落的概括。如果发现文章或者段落重复出现某些词汇，就要注意，这些词往往是文章的中心词。而通过一些程度副词、转折词的运用，又是在潜移默化的暗示作者的态度。如果弄错作者的写作意图，那么很可能这篇文章的题目回答会南辕北辙。

2. 主观题跟客观题的应对策略是相同的吗?

答案是否定的。主观题泛指所有非选择类型的题目，这类问题一般定位原文后，直接填写所缺词汇或句子即可。但要注意字数限制，常常在题目要求上都会黑体加粗，例如no more than 3 words，并且有可能句子会瘦身，这时候就要先确定所需词汇的词性，如果是介词短语，常常只留下中心词，也就是介词后面的那个词。而客观题，正确选项一般都是对原文的改写、同义句或者是内容概括，所以很多考生会在跟原文重合更多的选项中犹豫不决。转述的句子会包含单词的同义替换，但是不能改变原文的语气和程度，不过也不必用对待GMAT逻辑和语法部分的谨慎态度来细细挖掘同义句的每个部分是否合理，虽然可能做不到100%的精准，但是至少语义和作者态度倾向方面是符合原文，这样的选项都是可以的。如果在这期间有不确定的题目，不必纠结太多时间，暂时先搁置一边，做下面的题目，在阅读了更多段落之后，往往会自然而然的得到前面空着的题目答案。尤其是在长文章中常常出现的态度反转，可能会导致前面做过的某些题目出现错误，这时一定要即使更改，毕竟逐题作答之后，会留有较深的印象。

看似繁文缛节的技巧，总结做雅思阅读的方法，其实不过只有四个步骤：

vertical-align:top;border-bottom:red 1.25pt solid;padding-bottom:0px;padding-top:0px;padding-left:0px;margin:0px;border-left:red 1.25pt solid;padding-right:0px;background-color:white;“ bgcolor=”white“ height=”311“ width=”591“>1.明确主题。从文章题目、第一段内容、插图等获取信息;2.浏览问题。阅读题干，画关键词，如时间、地点、人名、地名、数字和特有名词等，做到有目的的阅读;3.边读边答。根据问题定位原文，按段落扫读，阅读与做题同步，精读每一段落的段首和段尾;4.完善答案。在对全文内容有了详细理解之后，看主旨题等是否需要进一步考虑，确认所有答案已经誊写在答题纸上。

雅思考试阅读理解模拟练习

When Denis Hennequin took over as the European boss of McDonald’s in January ，the world’s biggest restaurant chain was showing signs of recovery in America and Australia，but sales in Europe were sluggish or declining.One exception was France，where Mr Hennequin had done a sterling job as head of the group’s French subsidiary to sell more Big Macs to his compatriots.His task was to replicate this success in all 41 of the European countries where anti-globalisers’favourite enemy operates.

So far Mr Hennequin is doing well.Last year European sales increased by 5.8%and the number of customers by 3.4%，the best annual results in nearly 15 years.Europe accounted for 36%of the group’s profits and for 28%of its sales.December was an especially good month as customers took to seasonal menu offerings in France and Britain，and to a promotion in Germany based on the game of Monopoly.

Mr Hennequin’s recipe for revival is to be more open about his company’s operations，to be“locally relevant”，and to improve the experience of visiting his 6，400 restaurants.McDonald’s is blamed for making people fat，exploiting workers，treating animals cruelly，polluting the environment and simply for being American.Mr Hennequin says he wants to engage in a dialogue with the public to address these concerns.

He introduced“open door”visitor days in each country which became hugely popular.In Poland alone some 50，000 visitors came to McDonald’s through the visitors’programme last year.The Nutrition Information Initiative，launched last year，put detailed labels on McDonald’s packaging with data on calories，protein，fat，carbohydrates and salt content.The details are also printed on tray-liners.

Mr Hennequin also wants people to know that“McJobs”，the low-paid menial jobs at McDonald’s restaurants，are much better than people think.But some of his efforts have backfired：last year he sparked a controversy with the introduction of a“McPassport”that allows McDonald’s employees to work anywhere in the European Union.Politicians accused the firm of a ploy to make cheap labour from eastern Europe more easily available to McDonald’s managers across the continent.

To stay in touch with local needs and preferences，McDonald’s employs local bosses as much as possible.A Russian is running McDonald’s in Russia，though a Serb is in charge of Germany.The group buys mainly from local suppliers.Four-fifths of its supplies in France come from local farmers，for example.(Some of the French farmers who campaigned against the company in the late 1990s subsequently discovered that it was，in fact，buying their produce.)And it hires celebrities such as Heidi Klum，a German model，as local brand ambassadors.

In his previous job Mr Hennequin established a“design studio”in France to spruce up his company’s drab restaurants and adapt the interior to local tastes.The studio is now masterminding improvements everywhere in Europe.He also set up a“food studio”，where cooks devise new recipes in response to local trends.

Given France’s reputation as the most anti-American country in Europe，it seems odd that McDonald’s revival in Europe is being led by a Frenchman，using ideas cooked up in the French market.But France is in fact the company’s most profitable market after America.The market where McDonald’s is weakest in Europe is not France，but Britain.

“Fixing Britain should be his priority，”says David Palmer，a restaurant analyst at UBS.Almost two-thirds of the 1，214 McDonald’s restaurants in Britain are company-owned，compared with 40%in Europe and 15%in America.The company suffers from the volatility of sales at its own restaurants，but can rely on steady income from franchisees.So it should sell as many underperforming outlets as possible，says Mr Palmer.

M.Mark Wiltamuth，an analyst at Morgan Stanley，estimates that European company-owned restaurants’margins will increase slightly to 16.4%in .This is still less than in the late 1990s and below America’s 18-19%today.But it is much better than before Mr Hennequin’s reign.He is already being tipped as the first European candidate for the group’s top job in Illinois.Nobody would call that a McJob.

Questions 1-6

Do the following statements reflect the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?

Write your answer in Boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.

TRUE if the statement reflects the claims of the writer

FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

1.McDonald was showing the sign of recovery in all European countries except France after Denis Hennequin took office as the boss of Euro-markets.

2.Starting from last year，detailed labels are put on McDonald’s packaging and detailed information is also printed on tray-liners.

3.France is said to be the most anti-American country in Europe，but the ideas of the“open door”visiting days and“McPassport”are invented in the French market.

4.Britain possesses the weakest McDonald market among European countries and approximately 1214 McDonald’s restaurants are company-owned.

5.According to David Palmer，a restaurant analyst at UBS，David Hennequin should treat the problem about McDonald in Britain as the most important thing.

6.David Palmer suggested that the management of McDonalod in Italy should sell as many its outlets which lose money in business as possible for revival.

Questions 7-10

Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 7-10 on your answe sheet.

7.The word“sterling”in line 3 of Paragraph A means__________.

A.difficult

B.menial

C.terrible

D.excellent

8.Which of the following statements on the accusation of MacDonald is NOT TRUE?

A.It tends to make people fat.

B.Its operations are very vague.

C.It tends to exploit workers.

D.It tends to treat animals cruelly.

9.Which of the following measures taken by Denis Hennequin produced undesired result?

A.“Food Studio”scheme.

B.“Open Door”visitor days.

C.The“McPassport”scheme.

D.The Nutrition Information Initiative.

10.What did Denis Hennequin do so as to respond to local trends?

A.set up a“Food Studio”.

B.established a“Design Studio”.

C.hired celebrities as local brand ambassadors.

D.employed local bosses as much as possible.

Questions 11-14

Complete each of the following statements(Questions 11-14)with words or number taken from Reading Passage 1.

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet.

11.After January 2004，McDonald was making improvement following a period of slump in America and Australia，but sales in Europe were………………………….

12.Business of McDonald in France and Britain was particularly good in December since customers took to……………………………..

13.Compared with other countries，France is McDonald’s……………………….next to America.

14.…………………….of McDonald’s restaurants in America are companied–owned and the figure is much lower than that in Britain.Part II

Notes to Reading Passage 1

1.sterling高质量的

e.g.He has many sterling qualities.他身上有许多优秀的品质。

2.menial不体面的，乏味的(工作、职业)

3.spruce up打扮整齐、漂亮、装饰

4.mastermind指挥、谋划(一个计划或活动)

e.g.The police know who masterminded the robbery.警察知道是谁策划了那次抢劫。

5.underperform表现不佳表现出低于标准的工作水平、企业出现亏本

Part III

Keys and explanations to the Questions 1-14

1.FALSE

See the second sentence in Paragraph A“One exception was France，where Mr Hennequin had done a sterling job as head of the group’s French subsidiary to sell more Big Macs to his compatriots.His task was to replicate this success in all 41 of the European countries…”.

2.TRUE

See the last sentence in Paragraph D“The Nutrition Information Initiative，launched last year，put detailed labels on McDonald’s packaging with data on calories，protein，fat，carbohydrates and salt content.The details are also printed on tray-liners.”

3.NOT GIVEN

See Paragraph D，E and H“Given France’s reputation as the most anti-American country in Europe，it seems odd that McDonald’s revival in Europe is being led by a Frenchman，using ideas cooked up in the French market.”.

4.FALSE

See the last sentence of Paragraph H and first sentence of Paragraph L“The market where McDonald’s is weakest in Europe is not France，but Britain…Almost two-thirds of the 1，214 McDonald’s restaurants in Britain are company-owned…”

5.TRUE

See the first sentence of Paragraph I“Fixing Britain should be his priority，”says David Palmer，a restaurant analyst at UBS”.

6.NOT GIVEN

See the last sentence of Paragraph I“So it should sell as many underperforming outlets as possible，says Mr Palmer”.

7.D

See the first sentence of Paragraph A“One exception was France，where Mr Hennequin had done a sterling job as head of the group’s French subsidiary to sell more Big Macs to his compatriots”.

8.B

See the second sentence of Paragraph D“McDonald’s is blamed for making people fat，exploiting workers，treating animals cruelly，polluting the environment”

9.C

See the second sentence of Paragraph E“But some of his efforts have backfired：last year he sparked a controversy with the introduction of a“McPassport”that allows McDonald’s employees to work anywhere in the European Union..”

10.A

See the last sentence of Paragraph G“He also set up a“food studio”，where cooks devise new recipes in response to local trends”.

11.sluggish or declining

See the first sentence of Paragraph A“When Denis Hennequin took over as the European boss of McDonald’s in January 2004，the world’s biggest restaurant chain was showing signs of recovery in America and Australia，but sales in Europe were sluggish or declining.”

12.seasonal menu offerings

See the last sentence of Paragraph B“December was an especially good month as customers took to seasonal menu offerings in France and Britain，and to a promotion in Germany based on the game of Monopoly”.

13.most profitable market

See the second sentence of Paragraph H“But France is in fact the company’s most profitable market after America”.

14.15%

See the second sentence of Paragraph I“Almost two-thirds of the 1，214 McDonald’s restaurants in Britain are company-owned，compared with 40%in Europe and 15%in America”.

雅思阅读考试机经预测及解析

一、考试概述：

本次考试的文章中又见两篇原题，所以关注考情还是有必要的，不过最重要的还是提高自己的基本功，以不变应万变。从题型上面分析，填空题及判断题依然是考查重点，题型涉及的还是比较全面的，不过本次考试没有考查list of headings这种题型。据考生反应，本次填空题出现了跳段现象，做起来比较消耗时间，所以，大家考试中还是要灵活一点。

二、具体题目分析

Passage 1：

题目：Going Bananas

题型：填空题3+人名理论配对7+判断题3

新旧程度：旧题

文章大意：香蕉的起源、发展与现状

参考文章：

Going Bananas

A. The world’s favourite fruit could disappear forever in 10 years’ time. The banana is among the world’s oldest crops. Agricultural scientists believe that the first edible banana was discovered around ten thousand years ago. It has been at an evolutionary standstill ever since it was first propagated in the jungles of South-East Asia at the end of the last ice age. Normally the wild banana, a giant jungle herb called Musa acuminate, contains a mass of hard seeds that make the fruit virtually inedible. But now and then, hunter-gatherers must have discovered rare mutant plants that produced seed-less, edible fruits. Geneticists now know that the vast majority of these soft-fruited plants resulted from genetic accidents that gave their cells three copies of each chromosome instead of the usual two. This imbalance prevents seeds and pollen from developing normally, rendering the mutant plants sterile. And that is why some scientists believe the world’s most popular fruit could be doomed. It lacks the genetic diversity to fight off pests and diseases that are invading the banana plantations of Central America and the small-holdings of Africa and Asia alike.

篇6：浅谈逻辑关系词在雅思阅读摘要题中的妙用

浅谈逻辑关系词在雅思阅读摘要题中的妙用

雅思阅读逻辑关系之并列关系剑5T2P3

题干：In Britain, moreover, scientists worried that English had neither the technical vocabulary nor the grammatical resources to express their ideas.

原文：First, it lacked the necessary technical vocabulary. Second, it lacked the grammatical resources required to represent the world …

题干中出现的neither…nor…表示“既不…也不…”,是连接两个否定概念的并列逻辑关系词。原文中的first, it lacked …,second it lacked …表示了同样的逻辑关系，尽管表现方式有所变化。解题时，这种对应的逻辑关系可以使我们在原文中快速定位答案。

雅思阅读逻辑关系之转折和因果关系剑5T2P3

题干：Although English was then overtaken by German, it developed again in the19th century as a direct result of the industrial revolution.

原文：In the following century much of this momentum was lost as German established itself as the leading European language of science. … However, in the 19th century scientific English again enjoyed substantial lexical growth as the industrial revolution created the need for new technical vocabulary.

题干中出现了表示转折关系的although, 对应于原文中的however;同时，题干还出现了表示因果关系的as a direct result of，对应原文中表因果的逻辑关系词as。

雅思阅读逻辑关系之递进关系剑5T3P2

题干：To deal with this, Stanley suggests the use of artificial floods in the short term, and increasing the amount of water available through desalination in the longer term.

原文：In the immediate future, Stanley believes that one solution would be to make artificial floods to flush out the delta waterways, in the same way that natural floods did before the construction of the dams. He says, however, that in the long term an alternative process such as desalination may have to be used to increase the amount of water available.

in the short term … in the longer term…是题干中出现的表示递进关系的逻辑关系词。通过快速查读原文，可以发现相同的逻辑结构in the immediate future … in the long term …。

在雅思备考过程中，精读是行之有效的一种训练方法。通过精读，我们可以发现雅思阅读逻辑关系词常常是雅思阅读摘要题考点所在。

雅思分类词汇：味道

taste 味道

tasty 美味的

delicious 味道好的

sweet 甜的

sour 酸的

bitter 苦的

hot 辣的

salty 咸的

spiced 加香料的

fragrant 香的

seasoned 加作料的

tasteless 无味的

flat 淡而无味的(如走了气的啤酒)

greasy 油腻的

bland 清淡的

light 清淡的

雅思分类词汇：节日

Advent (耶稣)降临节

Lady Day, Annunciation 天使报喜节(3月25日)

Ascension Day 耶稣升天节(复活节后第四十日)

Assumption 圣母升天节(8月15日)

Candlemas 圣烛节(2月2日)

New Year, New Year's Day 新年(1月1日)

Corpus Christi 圣体节

Quadragesima 四旬节(四旬斋的第一个星期日)

Lent 四旬斋,大斋期(复活节前的第四十个星期日)

Low (或Quasimodo) Sunday, 复活节后第一个星期日

All Souls'Day (天主教)万灵节(11月2日)(如遇星期日则顺延一天)

Palm Sunday 棕枝全日(复活节前的星期日)

Easter Sunday, Easter 复活节

Epiphany, Twelfth Day 主显节(1月6日)

day of obligation 每人需停止工作参加礼拜的日子

Maundy Thursday 濯足星期四(耶稣受难节)

Shrove Tuesday 忏悔节(四旬斋开始的前一天)

Ash Wednesday 复活节前的第七个星期三

Christmas 圣诞节(12月25日)

Christmas Eve 圣诞前夕

New Year's Eve 新年前夕

Easter 复活节

Whitsun, Whitsuntide 圣神降临周(复活节后的第七周,尤指前三天)

Quinquagesima 四旬斋前的星期日

Ramadan 斋月

Rogation Days 祈祷节(耶稣升天节的前三天)

Sabbath 安息日

Feast of the Sacred Heart 圣心节

Midsummer Day 施洗约翰节(6月24日)

Passion Week 复活节前第二周

Holy Week 圣周(复活节前一周)

Septuagesima 四旬斋前的第三个星期日

Sexagesima 四旬斋前的第二个星期日

Ember Days 四季节

All Saints' Day 万圣节

Trinity Sunday, Trinity 圣三主日(复活节后的第八个星期日)

Good Friday 耶稣受难节

Visitation 圣母往见节(7月2日)

雅思分类词汇：足球

football, soccer, Association football 足球

field, pitch 足球场

midfied 中场

kick-off circle 中圈

half-way line 中线

football, eleven 足球队

football player 足球运动员

goalkeeper, goaltender, goalie 守门员

back 后卫

left 左后卫

right back 右后卫

centre half back 中卫

half back 前卫

left half back 左前卫

right half back 右前卫

forward 前锋

centre forward, centre 中锋

inside left forward, inside left 左内锋

inside right forward, inside right 右内锋

outside left forward, outside left 左边锋

outside right forward, outside right 右边锋

kick-off 开球

bicycle kick, overhead kick 倒钩球

chest-high ball平胸球

corner ball, corner 角球

goal kick 球门球

ground ball, grounder 地面球

hand ball 手触球

header 头球

penalty kick 点球

spot kick 罚点球

free kick 罚任意球

throw-in 掷界外球

ball handling 控制球

block tackle 正面抢截

body check 身体阻挡

bullt 球门前混战

fair charge 合理冲撞

chesting 胸部挡球

close-marking defence 钉人防守

close pass, short pass 短传

consecutive passes 连续传球

deceptive movement 假动作

diving header 鱼跃顶球

flying headar 跳起顶球

dribbling 盘球

finger-tip save (守门员)托救球

clean catching (守门员)跳球抓好

flank pass 边线传球

high lobbing pass 高吊传球

scissor pass 交叉传球

volley pass 凌空传球

triangular pass 三角传球

rolling pass, ground pass 滚地传球

slide tackle 铲球

clearance kick 解除危险的球

to shoot 射门

grazing shot 贴地射门

close-range shot近射

long drive 远射

mishit 未射中

offside 越位

to pass the ball 传球

to take a pass 接球

spot pass 球传到位

to trap 脚底停球

to intercept 截球

to break through, to beat 带球过人

to break loose 摆脱

to control the midfield 控制中场

to disorganize the defence 破坏防守

to fall back 退回

to set a wall 筑人墙

to set the pace 掌握进攻节奏

to ward off an assault 击退一次攻势

to break up an attack 破坏一次攻势

ball playing skill 控球技术

total football 全攻全守足球战术

open football 拉开的足球战术

off-side trap 越位战术

wing play 边锋战术

shoot-on-sight tactics 积极的抢射战术

time wasting tactics 拖延战术

Brazilian formation 巴西阵式， 4-2-4 阵式

four backs system 四后卫制

four-three-three formation 4-3-3 阵式

four-two-four formation 4-2-4 阵式

red card 红牌(表示判罚出场)

yellow card 黄牌(表示警告)

篇7：雅思阅读为何自认为读懂全文却做不对题目

雅思阅读为何自认为读懂全文却做不对题目?

之前看过一个视频，就是心理学上非常著名的“看不见的黑猩猩实验”(the invisible gorilla)。实验对象需观看一小段短片，片中穿着白色和黑色球衣的两队运动员在向对方球队传球。实验对象的唯一任务，就是计算白色球衣队员传球的次数。

在影片中间，一个装扮成大猩猩的人走进人群中，对着镜头敲打自己的胸膛，停留了八九秒，然后离开。场景背后的幕布颜色也在实验过程中逐渐变为金色，在大猩猩登场之后，黑衣球队一位球员退场。

但令人惊奇的是，几乎一半的实验对象未能发现大猩猩的存在。追踪实验对象目光转动痕迹的眼动仪测量结果显示，那些声称没看到大猩猩的人，大多数目光也曾停留在它身上——他们“看到”了大猩猩，却没能“看见”。

主导这场实验的哈佛大学心理学教授西蒙斯与查布里斯后来将实验结果撰写成一本心理学著作《看不见的大猩猩：无处不在的六大错觉》，书中对此得出的结论是：人类真正体验到的世界远少于他们所感知到的世界。也就是说，人脑会自动忽略它认为并不需要的东西，而选择性地记住那些它认为重要的东西。

除了选择性记忆之外，还有一个记忆错觉理论。

911事件发生后包括美国总统小布什在内的很多人都曾在采访中栩栩如生地描绘那一天发生的场景，然而，事实却证明他们的记忆内容与真实情况大相径庭。有些人会把一件实际发生在亲友身上的事情套在自己头上，却信誓旦旦宣称确有此事。

这些都是由记忆错觉导致的。事实上，我们记忆的信息并不是现实的复制品，每次回忆都是一个信息重新整合的过程，受到信仰、喜好、心情等个体主观意识的左右。留在脑海中的也许不再是事件本身，而是被大脑重新塑造后的场景。

回到阅读理解中来，刚刚提到的问题就很好解释了。实际上你并没有真正读懂整篇文章，在阅读过程中人脑会选择性地记住那些它认为有用的信息，比如各种数字，可能会出现在选择题中的句子等，而选择性地忽略那些“看起来不那么重要“的东西，比如读不懂的长难句，理解模糊的概念，模棱两可的单词。

也就是说，一篇文章你可能只看懂了大部分(90%)，而有剩下的10%没看懂。但人的记忆模式会自行对文章中那些看不懂的部分进行拼接加工改造解释，以使得它们看起来有意义，符合逻辑。这个时候你就会产生“我看懂了文章”这种错觉。

而文章中被强行解释的10%的信息，可能就是决定你选择题能不能做对的关键。

下次你不妨可以尝试一下：找一篇带有准确译文的题目，读完英文后做选择题，然后再一句一句对照中文译文，这个时候你很可能会发现其实自己没有并读懂文章，只是漏掉细节而不自知而已。想象一下，如果一开始读的是中文译文，那么选择题还会做错吗?

解决这种问题的方法没有别的，只能不断提高自己的阅读理解能力，也就是说，要多读，增强词汇功底，强化语法——就像上面提到的那些建议一样，努力让读英文的过程越来越流畅自然，这样你阅读理解的准确率才会不断提高。

雅思阅读无限仿真模拟题详解：New Ways of Teaching History

New Ways of Teaching History

In a technology and media-driven world, it's becoming increasingly difficult to get our students’ attentions and keep them absorbed in classroom discussions. This generation, in particular, has brought a unique set of challenges to the educational table. Whereas youth are easily enraptured by high-definition television, computers, iPods, video games and cell phones, they are less than enthralled by what to them are obsolete textbooks and boring classroom lectures. The question of how to teach history in a digital age is often contentious. On the one side, the old guard thinks the professional standards history is in mortal danger from flash-in-the-pan challenges by the distal that are all show and no substance. On the other Side, the self-styled “disruptors” offer over-blown rhetoric about how digital technology has changed everything while the moribund profession obstructs all progress in the name of outdated ideals. At least, that's a parody (maybe not much of one) of how the debate proceeds. Both supporters and opponents of the digital share more disciplinary common ground than either admits.

When provided with merely a textbook as a supplemental learning tool, test results have revealed that most students fail to pinpoint the significance of historical events and individuals. Fewer still are able to cite and substantiate primary historical sources. What does this say about the way our educators are presenting information? The quotation comes from a report of a 1917 test of 668 Texas students. Less than 10 percent of school-age children attended high school in 1917; today, enrollments are nearly universal. The whole world has turned on its head during the last century but one thing has stayed the same: Young people remain woefully ignorant about history reflected from their history tests. Guess what? Historians are ignorant too, especially when we equate historical knowledge with the ”Jeopardy“ Daily Double. In a test, those specializing in American history did just fine. But those with specialties in medieval, European and African history failed miserably when confronted by items about Fort Ticonderoga, the Olive Branch Petition, or the Quebec Act — all taken from a typical textbook. According to the testers, the results from the recent National Assessment in History, like scores from earlier tests, show that young people are ”abysmally ignorant“ of their own history. Invoking the tragedy of last September, historian Diane Ravitch hitched her worries about our future to the idea that our nation's strength is endangered by youth who do poorly on such tests. But if she were correct, we could have gone down the tubes in 1917!

There is a huge difference between saying ”Kids don’t know the history we want then to know“ and saying ”Kids don't know history at all.“ Historical knowledge burrows itself into our cultural pores even if young people can't marshal it when faced by a multiple choice test. If we weren’t such hypocrites (or maybe if we were better historians) we'd have to admit that today's students follow in our own footsteps. For too long we've fantasized that by rewriting textbooks we could change how history is learned. The problem, however, is not the content of textbooks but the very idea of them. No human mind could retain the information crammed into these books in 1917, and it can do no better now. If we have learned anything from history that can be applied to every time period, it is that the only constant is change. The teaching of history, or any subject for that matter, is no exception. The question is no longer whether to bring new technologies into everyday education; now, the question is which There is a huge difference between saying ”Kids don’t know the history we want then to know“ and saying ”Kids don't know history at all." Historical knowledge burrows itself into our cultural pores even if young people can't marshal it when faced by a multiple choice test. If we weren’t such hypocrites (or maybe if we were better historians) we'd have to admit that today's students follow in our own footsteps. For too long we've fantasized that by rewriting textbooks we could change how history is learned. The problem, however, is not the content of textbooks but the very idea of them. No human mind could retain the information crammed into these books in 1917, and it can do no better now. If we have learned anything from history that can be applied to every time period, it is that the only constant is change. The teaching of history, or any subject for that matter, is no exception. The question is no longer whether to bring new technologies into everyday education; now, the question is which technologies are most suitable for the range of topics covered in junior high and high school history classrooms. Fortunately, technology has provided us with opportunities to present our Civil War lesson plans or our American Revolution lesson plans in a variety of new ways.

Teachers can easily target and engage the learners of this generation by effectively combining the study of history with innovative multimedia- PowerPoint and presentations in particular can expand the scope of traditional classroom discussion by helping teachers to explain abstract concepts while accommodating students.unique learning styles. PowerPoint study units that have been pre-made for history classrooms include all manner of photos, prints, maps, audio clips, video clips and primary sources which help to make learning interactive and stimulating. Presenting lessons in these enticing formats helps technology-driven students retain the historical information they'll need to know for standard exams.

Whether you are covering Revolutionary War lesson plans or World War II lesson plans, PowerPoint study units are available in formats to suit the needs of your classroom. Multimedia teaching instruments like PowerPoint software are getting positive results the world over, framing conventional lectures with captivating written, auditory and visual content that helps students recall names, dates and causal relationships within a historical context.

History continues to show us that new times bring new realities. Education is no exception to the rule. The question is not whether to bring technology into the educational environment. Rather, the question is which technologies are suitable for U.S. and world history subjects, from Civil War lesson plans to World War II lesson plans. Whether you’re covering your American Revolution lesson plans or your Cold War lesson plans, PowerPoint presentations are available in pre-packaged formats to suit your classroom's needs.

Meanwhile, some academic historians hold a different view on the use of technology in teaching history. One reason they hold is that not all facts can be recorded by film or videos and literature is relatively feasible in this case .Another challenge they have to be faced with is the painful process to learn new technology like the making of PowerPoint and the editing of audio and video clips which is also reasonable especially to some elderly historians.

Question

Reading this passage has eight paragraphs, A- G

Choosing the correct heading for paragraphs A- G from the list of heading below

Write the appropriate number, i- x, in boxes 28-34 on your answer sheet

List of Headings

i unavoidable changing facts to be considered when picking up technology means

ii A debatable place where the new technologies stand in for history teaching

iii Hard to attract students in traditional ways of teaching history

iv Display of the use of emerging multimedia as leaching tools

v Both students and professionals as candidates did not produce decent results

vi A good concrete example illustrated to show how multimedia animates the history class

vii The comparisons of the new technologies applied in history class

viii Enormous breakthroughs in new technologies

ix Resistance of using new technologies from certain historian

x Decisions needed on which technique to be used for history teaching instead of improvement in the textbooks

28 Paragraph A

29 Paragraph B

30 Paragraph C

31 Paragraph D

32 Paragraph E

33 Paragraph F

34 Paragraph G

Question 35-37

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage?

In boxes 35-37 on your answer sheet, write

YES if the statement is true

NO if the statement is false

NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage

35 Modem people are belter at memorizing historical information compared with their ancestors.

36 New technologies applied in history- teaching are more vivid for students to memorize the details of historical events.

37 Conventional ways like literature arc gradually out of fashion as time goes by.

Question 38-40

Complete the following summary of the paragraphs of Reading Passage, using more than three words from the Reading Passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet.

Contemporary students can be aimed at without many difficulties by integrating studying history with novel. ..38.... Conventional classroom discussion is specially extended by two ways to assist the teachers to interpret ...39... and at the same time retain students' distinct learning modes. PowerPoint study units prepared beforehand comprising a wide variety of elements make ...40.... learning feasible. Combined classes like this can also be helpful in taking required tests.