高考英语词汇复习策略(英语教案教学设计)

这次小编给大家整理了高考英语词汇复习策略(英语教案教学设计)，本文共17篇，供大家阅读参考。

篇1：高考英语词汇复习策略(英语教案教学设计)

徐州市第七中学 陈家胜

很多人认为，英语学习有困难的中国学生大凡与词汇掌握较差有关。所以，很多老师和家长面对英语学习有困难的学生，总会说：你词汇掌握的不好，你把词汇记好，英语就差不多了。尤其是面对英语学习有困难的高三学生，老师和家长更是如此。于是，很多学生把课程标准中的词汇表、高考考试说明中的词汇表以及课本后的词汇表都撕掉放在口袋里，有空就拿出来记忆。这样真的能走出英语学习的困境吗？

大家知道，学习知识的最终目的是灵活运用知识。《新课程标准》有一个非常重要的原则：“在用中学、在学中用、学用结合”。北京外国语大学的张连仲教授关于词汇学习也有“不孤立地学习词汇、不学习孤立的词汇”的观点。由此可见，在语境中学习词汇，在运用中学习词汇是掌握词汇的有效策略，高三学生尤其如此。因为高三的学生面对的是大量的词汇和繁杂的知识点以及大量的练习。由此可见，把词汇表放在口袋里背单词，充其量只能解决单词的拼写、词性，词义等问题，与“学以致用”的目的相去甚远。

普通高等学校全国统一考试（江苏卷）说明中，对“语言知识”的要求是：“要求考生能够运用基本的英语语法知识，掌握约3500个单词和400-500个习惯用语或固定搭配”。

什么叫“掌握”呢？我认为能把词汇在具体的语境中灵活运用，能够用词汇解决具体问题，比如能够灵活运用所学词汇进行书面表达就可以认为“掌握”了词汇。

那么，面对高考要求的大量词汇，英语词汇复习需要哪些策略呢？

下面以“create”以及其同根词为例，说明高考英语词汇复习的五个层次。

第一个层次：发掘同根词，掌握构词法常识

掌握构词法常识是掌握词汇、扩大词汇量的有效方法。高考试卷中把高考要求词汇的同根词不作为生词对待。

比如：“create”的同根词：

create(vt.创造)---- creative(adj.富有创造力的)--- creatively(adv.富有创造性地)--- creativity(n.创造力)---creation(n.创造、产生)---creator(n. 创造者、创作者)

下面以形容词变成副词为例说明构词法常识。

构词法常识：形容词变成副词的方法--一般情况下，在形容词后加上后缀--ly变成副词

把下列的形容词变成副词：

A) .polite--- creative--- nice--- brave---

kind--- bad--- careful--- full---

B).true--- comfortable--- terrible--- horrible---

C).happy--- angry--- merry--- busy---

D).shy--- sly---

E).hard--- early--- straight---

F).good---

形容词变成副词的基本规则：

1、一般情况下，在形容词后面直接加上-ly，构成副词。如：A)组中的形容词都是加上--ly变成副词。

2、以--e结尾的形容词，一般都是直接加上--ly构成副词。

如A)组中的polite--- politely creative--- creatively nice---nicely brave---bravely.

但是，也有一些特殊的变化。

如：B)组中的true---truly comfortable--- comfortably terrible--- terribly horrible--- horribly

3、以“辅音字母+--y”结尾的形容词，把--y变成--i, 再加上--ly.如：C）组中的形容词。

happy--- happily angry--- angrily

merry--- merrily busy--- busily.

如果结尾的--y为半元音字母，其副词直接加上--ly.如：D)组：shy---shyly sly---slyly

4、有的形容词和副词同型，如：E)组：

例如：to work hard (adv) to solve the hard (adj)problem

to get up early (adv) to catch the early (adj) train

to sit straight(ad) to draw a straight（adj）line

5、有的形容词的副词形式是特殊变化。如F)组：.good---well

第二个层次：在构词法的基础上，了解不同词性的语法功能，有利于高考题目中的“任务型阅读”的解决

例如：

（1）、A good teacher should be good at creating more opportunities for the students.（create 为及物动词，其后需要直接跟宾语）

（2）、A good teacher should be good at developing the student’s creative thinking.（creative 为形容词，它可以修饰名词，或者做表语）

（3）、A good teacher should be good at developing the student’s creativity.（creativity是名词，可以做宾语）

（4）、A good teacher should be good at making the student’s think creatively.(creatively 是副词，在句中做状语)

第三个层次：关注活跃词汇的常用搭配，以丰富学生高考中书面表达的语言表现力

高考中书面表达评分标准的核心是“完成写作任务的情况如何或者达到预期写作目的的情况如何”。我认为完成写作任务的情况一般取决于以下三个方面：文章的结构、文章的层次和文章的表达。经过长期的强化训练，高三的学生在文章的结构和层次方面，一般情况下没有太大的问题，唯独文章的表达很多学生感觉最难解决。其主要原因可能是学生缺乏基础的词汇，以及对基础词汇的灵活运用能力。

“Create”是一个非常活跃的动词，关注活跃动词的搭配，有利于高考中的书面表达能力的培养。例如：

(1)、Having a mixture of male and female nurses also helps create a fun atmosphere, which helps patients recover faster.（Unit1 M11 P11）

(create a fun atmosphere意为“营造快乐的氛围”)

(2)、Having more male nurses will help create a positive balance between male and female staff, and it will allow patients the choice of a male or female carer. (Unit1 M11 P11)

(create a positive balance between A and B意为“在A和B之间建立一个积极的平衡”)

(3)、Mensa is a society for bright people, and it aims to create a platform for these people to share their thoughts and ideas. (Unit3 M11 P35)

(create a platform for sb意为“为某人建立一个平台”)

(4)、It is the responsibility of the government to create more job opportunities for the farmers.

(create more job opportunities for sb意为“为某人创造更多的就业机会”)

(5)、It is the responsibility of the government to create a positive balance between the development and the environment.

第四个层次：充分利用常用句型，以丰富学生高考中书面表达的语言表现力

学生在书面表达中，语言表达过于“精炼”，即句子表达不丰满。如：Creativity is the key to success.（创造力是成功的关键）

我们可以用以下方法丰富学生的语言表达能力：

1） 用短语或习语来丰富语言表现力

（1）、To conclude/In conclusion, creativity is the key to success.

（2）、To sum up/ In summary, creativity is the key to success.

（3）、To be brief/In brief, creativity is the key to success.

（4）、In a word, creativity is the key to success.

（5）、Generally speaking, creativity is the key to success.

（6）、In general, creativity is the key to success.

（7）、All in all, creativity is the key to success.

(8) 、For my part, creativity is the key to success.

(9)、In my opinion/In my view, creativity is the key to success.

(10) 、As far as I’m concerned , creativity is the key to success.

2） 用副词来丰富语言表现力

（1）、Clearly , creativity is the key to success.

（2）、Apparently, creativity is the key to success.

（3）、Definitely, creativity is the key to success.

（4）、Obviously, creativity is the key to success.

（5）、Briefly, creativity is the key to success.

(6)、Personally, creativity is the key to success.

（7）、Not surprisingly, creativity is the key to success.

3） 用从句来丰富语言表现力

（1）、It’s widely accepted that creativity is the key to success.

（2）、It is clear that creativity is the key to success.

（3）、It is apparent that creativity is the key to success.

（4）、It is obvious that creativity is the key to success.

（5）、It is definite that creativity is the key to success.

(6)、It is certain that creativity is the key to success.

（以上六个that引导的从句为主语从句）

（7）、There is no doubt that creativity is the key to success.

（8）、There is no question that creativity is the key to success.

（以上两个例子为There be句型）

（9）、I want to stress that creativity is the key to success.

（上例that引导的从句为宾语从句）

（10）、I want to stress the point that creativity is the key to success.

（上例that引导的从句为同位语从句）

（11）、What I want to stress is that creativity is the key to success.

（12）、My opinion is that creativity is the key to success.

（13）、My view is that creativity is the key to success.

（14）、My viewpoint is that creativity is the key to success.

（上例四个that引导的从句为表语从句）

第五个层次：对经典句型借题发挥，以丰富学生高考中书面表达的语言表现力

Creativity is a kind of basic quality and that’s what it takes to do anything well.

本句型借鉴于一道高考单向选择题。我们可以对此经典句型发挥，以丰富学生高考中书面表达中的语言表现力。

我们可以把上面句型中的主语Creativity，替换为其它一些说明人品质的常用词汇，如：

Imagination/ Determination/ Honesty/ Patience/ Perseverance Pesistence/ Coopration/ Optimism/ Self-respect/ Self-confidence

这样就组成了如下表现力很丰富的句型：

（1）Imagination is a kind of basic quality and that’s what it takes to do anything well.

（2）Determination is a kind of basic quality and that’s what it takes to do anything well.

（3）Honesty is a kind of basic quality and that’s what it takes to do anything well.

（4）Patience is a kind of basic quality and that’s what it takes to do anything well.

（5）Perseverance is a kind of basic quality and that’s what it takes to do anything well.

…

总之，词汇作为语言这座大厦的根基在语言学习中的地位和作用是不言而喻的。我们只有遵循“在用中学、在学中用、学用结合”的原则，才能在高三词汇复习中取得事半功倍的效果。

篇2：高考英语词汇复习

高考英语词汇复习攻略

背单词捷径的第一条，就是：一定要每次都大量地背。因为自己不比别人聪明，所以背完单词，别人忘掉五分之一，自己决不会比别人忘得少。然而，别人每天背十个单词，自己却可以背一百个，忘掉五分之一，还剩八十个，是别人最聪明状态下的十倍。每天一百个是最低限。其实背到后来您会发现这个要求并不高，一个月后，您可能自然而然地就背到三百或者五百。

这一百个要分成四组来背，上午三十,中午十个，下午三十，晚上三十。第二天早晨复习以前没背下来的词。背的时候，要一目十词(注意，是十个而不是更多或更少)，不要认认真真背，因为没有认认真真的时间。一边看一边读每个词的读音，默读也成。看完后回忆一遍，回忆不起来的再看。这次背的目的在于留下个大概印象，下次看见能知道这个词，所以背到大部分都能回忆得起来就成了，把剩下的词单独抄出来。

背单词捷径的第二条，就是：背字典!为什么要背字典呢?因为字典上每个词的解释比较全面，而且相同字母开头的单词都集中在一起。不是什么字典都可以拿来背的，一定要找只包含自己想背的词的字典。另外，最好有解释和例句。而且，一定要有音标!一般教材课文后面的词汇表都是为那些认认真真听课的好学生准备的，想走捷径就千万不要去背那些东西。

背字典的时候，按开头字母(Z,Y,X,Q,J,K,U)(V,W,N,O,L)(FG,IT,HM,BDE,R)(C,P,S,A)的顺序背，其中C,P,S,A每个都要分三部分背。这样背有几个好处：(一)能增加成就感，提高兴趣。至于为什么，您翻翻字典就明白了。(二)便于清楚地知道那些单词已经背过，那些还没背。(三)能先把最基本的词先掌握。

三万单词里，分为三个等级：三千到四千，八千到一万，两万二到三万。也就是说，您得分别准备三本字典。这几个等级之间各自有非常不同的特性，所以需要分别用不同方法背。俺当时没有认识到这一点，所以在从一万到三万之间走了一段弯路，浪费了一些时间，不然或许能突破到五万吧。

背单词捷径的第三条，就是：和单词多见面。一个单词能不能记住，取决于和它在不同场合见面的频率，不在于每次看着它的时间长短(同样规律也适合于泡MM)。一般想记住一个单词，每星期要和它在“不同场合”见三到四次面。俺在上文中提到大量背的时候，不要抠某一个字记住与否就是这个意思。因为是否一见钟情都是无所谓的，关键在于有更多不同类型的见面机会。不过，根据要背的单词的等级不同，增加见面机会的方式也有所不同。

所以，背单词捷径的下面这条就有了三个分支：

第一个分支：瞎听!三千到四千这个等级，是非常常用的单词，而且几乎囊括了表达最基本思想所需要的一切词汇。每篇文章中百分之八十都是这些词汇，而且这些词都是最基本的语素(或称“词根”)，就是分割到最小无法再分割，互相之间也没什么类似之处的东西。对付这些词的最好方法，就是进行大量的，不间断的，简单的初级听力练习。因为阅读材料中，还有百分之二十其他词汇，所以光凭这个等级的词还看不懂那些阅读材料。但是听力练习都是最基本的对话，而且发音一般很标准，多听能够增加单词的重复率，而且可以为以后背八千到一万那个等级的词打下语音基础。

听的时候，要分精听和泛听两部分。精听当然是指每个词都要弄懂，俺着重讲一下泛听。泛听是最重要的，因为掌握语速和语调，以及总体印象都要靠泛听。而这些都是背八千到一万等级单词的基础。泛听能够让经常用到的词(也就是那些最必要掌握的词)把您的耳朵磨出茧子来，让您模模糊糊听到个音就能反应出它是什么意思。泛听中您听到的词，才是您真正应该记住的词，所以别害怕精听的时候什么都听不懂。到底什么是泛听呢?泛听，就是说您听的时候，精神要分散，要一边干着其他事(比如撮饭或和别人大声讨论撮饭~)，一边有一搭没一搭地听着。泛听一定要见缝插针，一有机会就听着，最好耳机不离耳朵。

而精听的意义就在于找出您没听清的那些词。啊哈，那就是您背过但还不熟悉的词了。把这些词单独记在另外一个地方，别跟没背下来的词混了。泛听要听精听已经听过的内容。比如精听听到了第二盘磁带，那么泛听就听第一盘磁带，正好。提醒您一句，千万别拿英语广播当自己的听力教材!!!

第二个分支：狂看!八千到一万这个等级，基本包含了剩下的百分之二十。这些单词在听力教材里很难找到。但是，可不要停止听的练习呦，因为听能巩固您的语调感觉，而这是背这个等级单词的一个关键。不过，背这个等级的词，需要在听以外增加看的内容。

看，同样要分精读和泛读两种。就象听一样，也是泛读更重要一些。泛读要挑不太长，能有耐心看完的文章，而且看不懂的词不要太多，一篇文章有两三个不认识的就足够了。千万不要一上来就看英语报刊杂志小说，那些东西不但很难看懂，而且看懂了也对背单词没什么促进作用。

泛读也需要大量练习，只要您有耐心，又有足够时间，就一直看下去吧!看的时候不要仔细阅读，扫一眼明白个大概意思就成了，然后把这一眼没看懂的词画上记号，别琢磨它是什么意思，继续扫描吧!全部看完之后，回头再看这些单词，有的可能已经想起来了，有的....还没想起来?那就查查字典，要是自己还没背过，就扔掉它，要是已经背过了，就单独抄下来吧，和听力练习中没听出来的词放在一起。

第三个分支：乱说!这只适合背两万二到三万的词。因为其他的词不用说就已经背下来了。而这个等级的词在阅读材料里非常少，可能阅读十篇文章却一个这个等级的词也没有。所以靠阅读来增加见面机会已经不行了。这些词甚至有的老外一辈子都没见过，咋能指望他们能写出来呢?尤其是GRE词汇，什么“给马穿衣服”，“纽约的流氓”，“从非洲吹向南欧的风”....这些词都是一些精致的修辞，也就是说，如果您话里净是这些词，那您可以假冒一位学者了。

一般的老外都是听不懂您说的这些话的，所以不用这些词也能表达同样的含义。好了，您的机会来了，您可以跟老外讲话中带上这些单词，然后很自豪地假装谦虚地跟他们解释这些词的含义。

每次跟老外解释一两个词就足够了，老外会佩服您佩服得五体投地的。HL就向ws解释吧!要大胆而耐心，尤其是大胆。

这个阶段，您就别再练听力了，因为练了进步也不大。还记得开头那句话么?要想成功，得走捷径。

凡是不能在短时期内取得巨大进步的行动，都不必浪费时间去做。

不过，这时候的阅读材料成了问题：您会发现，过去看的东西觉得太浅没意思，看其他深的东西又看不懂。您还会发现一个新的有趣现象：那就是您想看的文章里，现在全是第一个等级的那些词，每个词您都确切知道它的含义，但整个文章您就是看不懂。

那您该看什么呢?就看第二个等级的那些浅显文章啊。虽然浅显，但能帮助您不至于忘了过去背出来的成果。至于您看不懂的那些文章，别着急，等您和老外交流多了，您自然就懂了，那都是一些词组、俚语或文法组成的文章。

背单词捷径的第四条，就是：联想，联想，联想，.....背单词的第一个动作是什么?端详一下它的外貌。第二第三个动作呢?看看它的内涵和发音。而第四个动作，就应该是联想，再联想.....

联想它和其他背过的词有没有外表类似的?读音类似的?意思类似或相反的?如果有，就赶紧记在旁边，在另外那些词旁边也把这个词加上。这样，以后看见其他词，也会联想起这个词，等于又增加了一次见面机会。

而且，在第二、第三个等级的词汇里，还有许多单词是由“前缀”，“词根”，“后缀”组成的，前缀比如“re”，“in”，“pseud”...，后缀比如“er”，“a”，“oid”...，然后共同组成一个新词。如果掌握了这些前后缀，就可以很方便地猜出一个生词到底什么意思。另外，有很多读音相近的词也有相似的意思，这在俚语、诗歌和儿童用语中更普遍。如果每天记80个单词，一个月只能背2400个单词，但掌握了这些规律后，实际上背的速度越来越快，几乎一万多单词都是不用背就会了的。

不过，在GRE单词中，有很多是既没有和其他词的关系，又没有前后缀，看起来既简单又记不住的单词。这些词里边有希腊语，意大利语，德语，拉丁语，甚至还有日语译音。这就只能靠和别人解释来掌握了。(HL一定要注意!)

背单词捷径的第五条，就是：复习!记得快，忘得也就快，这是一个非常正常的规律。在背单词的过程中，复习就显得非常重要。俺总结复习的规律是：十个单词复习一遍，然后三十个单词，然后是以前所有没背下来的单词。复习的时候，同样不必细抠，粗略地扫一遍就可以了，但一定要想它的读音(因为英语是象声的)。最后背不下来的单词，一定是不常用的，因为老外一样背不下来。

每背完一个开头字母的单词，就要把前一个开头字母的复习一遍。然后每背完前文中括号里面的开头字母，就把上一个括号里的复习一遍。复习的时候，要先看英文翻译中文意思来一遍，然后再看着中文想它的英文单词再来一遍。

前面说过，在泛听，泛读中忘了的词要和背的时候就记不住的词分着记下来，就是为了在复习的时候区别对待。忘了的词，要每天看一遍，会了就划掉，而记不住的词则在背完了整个字母以后，单独背一下这些词，平常就不用看了。

成考艺术文化课复习

成考艺术类专业考生当中，很多人并非出于职业需要，而是想通过成教系统的学习来掌握一项艺术技能，或者只是单纯为了满足兴趣、陶冶性情。但其中不少考生此前没有受过正规的基础训练，虽然在某些艺术项目上有不少心得，但在另一些基础技艺上却存在短板。而成考专业加试恰恰侧重于基础。一旦考生的短板是加试的内容，可能就无法通过考试。因而考生要针对加试项目早作准备，即使抱着“玩票”的心态学习艺术，也要认真对待才能学有所成。

相较于其他专业而言，艺术类专业更注重专业加试的成绩。多数学校往往只要求考生文化课成绩达到最低录取控制分数线。但这并不意味着考生可以轻视文化课复习。成考录取率虽高，但每年仍有不少考生被挡在最低录取控制分数线之外。统考时考生之间仍然存在着竞争，对文化课的复习不可掉以轻心。很多立志在艺术类专业有所发展的考生，平时在“本行”上下足了功夫，争取精益求精，而对综合文化素质的培养却抱着“应付考试”的心态。事实上，对于艺术类行业的从业者而言，综合文化素质同样对专业水平有至关重要的影响。考生在进入成教院校后也别忽视“非专业”的素质培养。

高考考前不良情绪调节

抑制法：有许多学生在临考前总担心怯场，怕自己会紧张。对此，考生可用抑制法来避免怯场或走神。其原理是，当大脑中一组神经元受到刺激后，会发出兴奋去刺激大脑皮层，产生思维活动。同时，它又会发出另一种兴奋，去抑制其他神经元的活动。运用抑止法的具体方法是，当考生拿到试卷后，只需冷静地思考试卷上的题目，不需多久，这种怯场或走神的心理干扰就自然会被抑止，进而调整机体步入最佳状态来完成考试。

睡眠法：有些考生一接到试卷，由于昨夜不足，身体欠佳，或者因为怯场，导致发挥失常。此时不妨即卧在桌上，休息3至5分钟，以达到镇静的效果。这样做有利于中枢神经的协调，还能消除疲劳、紧张，使情绪稳定，思路敏捷。结果，使机体竞技状态从低谷走向高峰。

牧羊法：有一些考生拿到试卷后，便忧心忡忡，导致植物神经系统紊乱，使交感神经系统过度紧张，迷走神经过度抑制。这时，考生可让思路象牧羊一样，任其在大草原上畅游。这样，有利于植物神经协调，从而摆脱困境，顺利迎考。

化简法：以往，有很多优秀的考生一拿到试卷，就先把简单的试题消灭掉，再一步步地解决化简疑难的问题。因为一旦把简单的试题完成后，就能有效地稳定情绪，活跃思路，迅速提高反应能力。

精神致胜法：怯场既产生于精神方面的原因，就必须依靠精神的力量来解决。考生要利用机体的调节系统，通过意念、言语改变中枢神经系统的兴奋性。如可以多次做深呼吸，双眼凝视一个目标，暗暗地对自己说“要冷静，不要紧张”，“我能考得很好”，“我不会做的题别人也不会”等等，以强化意志，战胜紧张。

转移放松法：考生可采用转移注意力的方法，立即停止答卷。或者伏在桌上休息片刻，或者活动一下手、脚、头等部位，放松一下自己，也可请求监考老师批准出门喝口水或上厕所，通过暂时改变活动内容和环境，重新调整好情绪。如果因为遇到难题发慌，可先改做它题。

篇3：高考英语词汇复习

regulate vt. 管理,调节

release vt./n. 释放,排放;解释解脱

exaggerate v. 夸大,夸张

evil a. 邪恶的,坏的

shrink vi. 起皱,收缩;退缩

subtract v. 减(去)

suburb n. 市郊

subway n. 地铁

survey n./vt. 调查,勘测

wealthy a. 富裕的

adjust v. 调整,调节

attach vt. 系,贴;使附属

profit n. 利润,益处;v. 有益于,有利于

profitable a. 有利可图的

slope n. 斜坡,斜面

reinforce vt. 增强,加强

reject vt. 拒绝

fatal a. 致命的;重大的

fate n. 命运

humble a. 谦逊的;谦虚的

illegal a. 不合法的,非法的

award vt. 授予,判给 n. 奖品,奖金

vocabulary n. 词汇(量);词汇表

venture n. 风险投资,风险项目 v. 冒险;取于

version n. 版本,译本;说法

principle n. 原则,原理

prior a. 优先的,在前的

priority n. 优先,重点

prohibit vt. 禁止,不准

remarkable a. 值得注意的,异常的,非凡的

remedy n./vt. 补救,医治,治疗

repetition n. 重复,反复

vain a. 徒劳的,无效的

undertake vt. 承担,着手做;同意,答应

unique a. 唯一的,独特的

obstacle n. 障碍(物),妨碍

odd a. 奇特的,古怪的;奇数的

omit vt. 省略

opponent n. 敌手,对手

opportunity n. 机会,时机

orchestra n. 管弦乐队

semester n. 学期;半年

semiconductor n. 半导体

seminar n. 研讨会

terminal a. 末端的,极限的 n. 终点

territory n. 领土

aware a. 意识到

column n. 柱,圆柱;栏,专栏

comedy n. 喜剧

dumb a. 哑的;沉默的

dump vt. 倾卸,倾倒

deaf a. 聋的;不愿听的

decorate vt. 装饰,装璜

principal a. 最重要的 n. 负责人,校长

篇4：高考英语词汇复习

1.accelerate vt. 加速,促进

2.absolute a. 绝对的,无条件的;完全的

3.liberal a. 慷慨的;丰富的;自由的

4.transport vt. 运输,运送 n. 运输,运输工具

5.mild a. 温暖的,暖和的;温柔的,味淡的

6.tender a. 温柔的;脆弱的

7.nuisance n. 损害,妨害,讨厌(的人或事物)

8.insignificant a. 无意义的,无足轻重的;无价值的

9.export n. 出口(物) v. 出口,输出

10. import n. 进口(物) v. 进口,输入

11. impose vt. 把...加强(on);采用,利用

12. religion n. 宗教,宗教信仰

13.burst vi./n. 突然发生,爆裂

14.dispose vi. 除掉;处置;解决;处理(of)

15.blast n. 爆炸;气流 vi. 炸,炸掉

16.consume v. 消耗,耗尽

17.split v. 劈开;割裂;分裂 a.裂开的

18.spit v. 吐(唾液等);唾弃

19.spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出

20. extinct a. 绝灭的,熄灭的

21.slide v. 滑动,滑落 n. 滑动;滑面;幻灯片

22.bacteria n. 细菌

23.breed n. 种,品种 v. 繁殖,产仔

24.budget n. 预算 v. 编预算,作安排

25.candidate n. 候选人

26.campus n. 校园

27.transform v. 转变,变革;变换

28.transmit v. 传播,播送;传递

29.transplant v. 移植

30.shift v. 转移;转动;转变

31.vary v. 变化,改变;使多样化

32.vanish vi. 消灭,不见

33.swallow v. 吞下,咽下 n. 燕子

34.suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心

35.suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的

36.boundary n. 分界线,边界

37.catalog n. 目录(册) v. 编目

38.vague a. 模糊的,不明确的

39.vain n. 徒劳,白费

40.extraordinary a. 不平常的,特别的,非凡的

41.agent n. 代理人,代理商;动因,原因

42.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料,酒精

43.appeal n./vi. 呼吁,恳求

44.appreciate vt. 重视,赏识,欣赏

45.approve v. 赞成,同意,批准

46.stimulate vt. 刺激,激励

47.acquire vt. 取得,获得;学到

48.accomplish vt .完成,到达;实行

49.network n. 网状物;广播网,电视网;网络

50.tide n. 潮汐;潮流

51.wander vi. 漫游,闲逛

52.wax n. 蜡

53.weave v. 织,编

54.preserve v. 保护,保存,保持,维持

55. abuse v. 滥用,虐待;谩骂

56. academic a. 学术的;高等院校的;研究院的

57. academy n. (高等)专科院校;学会

58. battery n. 电池(组)

59. barrier n. 障碍;棚栏

60. cargo n. (船、飞机等装载的)货物

61. career n. 生涯,职业

62. vessel n. 船舶;容器,器皿;血管

63. vertical a. 垂直的

64. obscure a. 阴暗,模糊

65. extent n. 程度,范围,大小,限度

66. external a. 外部的,外表的,外面的

67. petrol n. 汽油

68. petroleum n. 石油

69. delay vt./n. 推迟,延误,耽搁

70. decay vi. 腐烂,腐朽

71. decent a. 像样的,体面的

72. route n. 路;路线;航线

73. ruin v. 毁坏,破坏 n. 毁灭,[pl.]废墟

74. sake n. 缘故,理由

75. satellite n. 卫星

76. temple n. 庙宇

77. tedious a. 乏味道,单调的,

78. tend vi.易于,趋向

79. tendency n.趋向,趋势

80. ultimate a. 极端的,最大的,最终的 n. 极端

81. adopt v. 收养;采用;采纳

82. adapt vi. 适应,适合;改编,改写 vt. 使适应

83. bachelor n. 学士,学士学位;单身汉

84. casual a. 偶然的,碰巧的;临时的;非正式的

85. trap n. 陷阱,圈套 v. 设陷阱捕捉

86. vacant a. 空的,未占用的

87. vacuum n. 真空,真空吸尘器

88. oral a. 口头的,口述的,口的

89. optics n. (单、复数同形)光学

90. organ n. 器官,风琴

高考英语词汇复习

篇5：高考英语词汇归类复习

一、从用法上复习归纳词汇，过语法关

英语词汇大多具有本身词义外，还有其语法功能，我们在复习时就不要把着眼点单纯放在单词记忆上，而 要从它们的语法功能上去把握它们。如在复习动词时我们就要根据它们变化形式多、搭配活跃等特点，从它们的用法上进行分类记忆。这样，既可记住词汇，又可攻克语法难关。

1.宾语不同，意义也不同

英语中有些动词可同时后接不定式和动名词作宾语，但意义不同。它们是高考试题的考查重点。这类词主 要有：

go on doing（继续干同一件事） go on to do（接着去干另一件事）

stop doing sth.（停止正在干的事） stop to do sth.（停下来去干某事）

regret doing（后悔干了某事） regret to do（相当于be sorry to do）

forget/remember doing（忘记／记得已做过的事） forget/rem-ember to do（忘记／记得要干的事）

mean doing（意味着干…） mean to do（想干…）try doing（尝试做） try to do（设法做）

（95高考）“you were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.”“well,now i regret_____ ___that.”

a.to do b.to be doing c.to have done d.having done

（92高考）“i usually go there by train.”“why not____________by boat for a change?”

a.to try going b.trying to go c.to try and go d.try going

（87高考）they would not allow him_________across the line. a.to risk going b.risking going c.for risk to go d.risk going

2.都可接宾语和宾补，形式却不同

某些动词如forbid,advise,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词，但接宾补时，宾补要用不定式。如： we forbid smoking here.（宾语）we forbid you to smoke here.（宾补）you are forbidden to smoke here.（主补）

3.宾语不同、语态不同，意义却相同

有些词如need,require,want,deserve等后可接不定式（要用被动形式），可接动名词（要用主动形式表被动意义），可与worth,worthy一并记忆。两种形式意义相同。如：the room requires to be cleaned/cleaning.

（85高考）this sentence needs______________. a.an improvement b.improve c.improving d.improved

4.只接不定式作宾语的词和词组

只接不定式作宾语的词和词组有：decide,expect,refuse,wish,hope,order,promise,pretend,offer,happen,seem,make up one's mind,used,be about,be able,have等。如：（89高考）she pretended_______me when i passed by. a.not to see b.not seeing c.to not see d.having not seen

5.只接动名词作宾语的词和词组

只接动名词作宾语的词和词组：mind,risk,avoid,enjoy,escape,keep,suggest,appreciate,practise,delay,finish,feel like,look forward to,can't help,keep(on),miss,be usedto,excuse,be worth,imagine ,put off,give up等。如：

（92高考）i would appreciate_________back this afternoon.a.you to call b.you call c.your calling d.you are calling

（87高考）the squirrel was lucky that it just missed______.a.catching b.to be caught c.being caught d.to catch

6.系动词

系动词后可用名词、不定式、分词和形容词等作表语，这类词有：

表感观的系动词：look,sound,taste,smell,feel,seem,appear（这些词用形容词作表语）

表变化的系动词：become,get,turn,grow,make,come,go,fall,run表依旧的系动词：remain,keep,stay,continue,stand,rest,lie,hold

可带名词作表语的系动词：be,become,make,look,sound,fall,prove,remain,turn（该词后接的单数名词前多不用冠词。如：he turned teacher.）（91高考）these oranges taste____________.a.good b.well c.to be good d.to be well

7.含“被动”意味的动词

有些动词，如sell,open,close,wash,teach,burn,measure,cut,lock,cost,read,write,tear,wear,pull, clean,add,cook,let（出租）等，它们的主语是事物，且又是表示主语的固有特征和状态，与行为方式状语连 用时，要用主动形式表被动意义：

my pen writes smoothly.我的笔好写。oil burns easily.油易燃烧。

（88高考）that suit_________over 60 dollars.a.had costed b.costed c.is cost d.cost

（97高考）“is this raincoat yours?”“no,mine____________there behind the door.”a.is hanging b.has hung c.hangs d.hung

8.具有两种形式的易混动词

中学英语教材中有些不规则动词有两种过去式或两种过去分词形式，使用或考测时极易弄混。如：

hang,hanged,hanged（绞死）hang,hung,hung（挂起）

light,lit,lit（点燃，作谓语）light,lighted,lighted（过去分词作形容词用时，意谓“燃烧着的”，作定语）

drink,drank,drunk/drunken（喝，饮；过去分词作形容词同时，意谓“醉的”，drunk多作表语，drunke n多作定语）

sink,sank,sunk/sunken（下沉；过去分词sunken作形容词用时，作定语）

bear,bore,born（出生）bear,bore,borne（结果；生育）the woman,who was born in 1940,has borne five children.[page]

lie（撒谎）, lied, lied, lying lie（躺，卧，位于），lay, lain, lying

（89高考）do you know the boy___________under the big tree? a.lay b.lain c.laying d.lying

二、从搭配上复习归纳词汇，过习语关

英语词汇的搭配十分活跃，复习时我们要把重点放在某些常用的动词、名词或介词、副词。我们可按下列 方式进行对比归纳。

1.常用的搭配活跃的名词: 常用的搭配较活跃的名词有：time,way,moment,means等。如time的搭配短语在中学教材中出现有：in no time（立刻,马上），on time（按时），in time（及时、迟早、最终），at a time（一次），behind the times（落伍），behind time（不及时,晚点），at one time（曾经），for a time（一度），at othe r times（其它时候，平素），at times（有时候），at all times（一直,经常）

（93高考）if you keep on,you will succeed_____________.a.in time b.at one time c.on time d.at the same time

（94高考）don't all speak at once!___________,please.a.each at on time b.one by one time c.one for each time d.one at a time

2.常用的搭配活跃的动词: 常用的搭配活跃的动词有：look,take,make,give,get,have,go,do,turn,put,set,come等。复习时我们要尽量将具有相反意义的介词、副词与同一动词的搭配罗列在一起对比记忆，如turn一词：turn on（打开），turn off（关上），turn up（放大音量等；出现），turn down（放小音量等；拒绝） ，turn in（上交），turn against（反对），turn out（生产），turn away（避开）

（81高考）would you mind__________your radio a little? a.turn off b.turning off c.to turn down d.turning down

（92高考）readers can_______quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word. a.get over b.get out of c.get away d.get off

3.常用的搭配活跃的介词、副词: 搭配活跃的介词、副词有：in,out,up,down,on,off,to,from,for,over,with等。复习时，我们要从不同动词、名词等与同一介词、副词搭配进行逐一过关，如on的搭配有：

①on与动词的搭配: get on（上车／船等），live on（以…为生），feed on（以…为生），take on（接受；雇用），turn on（打开开关／电器等），look on（旁观），spy on（侦察／窥探），call on（号召；拜访），go on（继续 ），have on（穿戴），dependon（依*），wait on（侍候），carry on（执行），hold on（坚持），insi st on（坚持），play tr-icks on（戏弄），fix on（注视），impress on（留下印象）

②on与名词搭配（注意冠词的取舍）:on duty（值班），on business（因公；因事），on fire（燃烧），on show（展览），on time（准时） ，on strike（罢工），on watch（监视，观察），on sale（出售；大减价），on earth（到底，究竟），on journey（旅游），on foot（步行），on purpose（故意），on the way（在路上），on the contrary（相 反），on one hand（一方面），on the right（在右边），on the whole（总而言之），on one's own（独自 ），on one's side（支持，站在某一方），on holiday/leave（度假／请假）

③其它情况：later on（后来），from now/then on（从现在／那时起），on account of（由于，因为）

（93高考）we offered him our congratulations_______his passing the college entrance exams. a.at b.on c.for d.of

（91高考）a new school was___________in the village last year. a.held up b.set up c.sent up d.brought up

三、从对比词／词组的同义、词序或结构等复习归纳词汇，过辨析关

1.动作动词和结果动词: 英语中有些动词虽然意义相同，但用法不同，有的表示某个动作，而另一个则表示该动作所产生的结果，这类动词常见的有：look for（寻找），find（找到）；look（看），see（看见）；listen（听），hear（听到）；try（试 图，不说明是否成功），manage（设法，侧重做到）；advise（劝告，不说明是否劝成），persuade（劝服， 侧重劝成功）

（87高考）how can you__________if you are not_________? a.listen,hearing b.hear,listening c.be listening,heard d.be hearing,listened to

2.词序不同、意思就不同: 有少量词组颠倒词序后意思和用法就不同了，常见的有：before long（不久以后），long before（很久以前）turn in（上交；就寝），in turn（按次序，轮流）hand in（上交），in hand（在手边）from far（来自远方），far from（离得远；远非）much too（非常，修饰形容词或副词），too much（太多，修饰名词，也可作名词）if only（要是…），only if（只有…）all in（精疲力尽），in all（总共）good for（对…有好处），for good（永远）

（95上海）it was__________late to catch a bus after the party,therefore we called a taxi. a.too very b.much too c.too much d.far

before long,he moved to london and made london the base for his revolutionary work.[page]

it was not long before the whole country rose up and drove the aus trians out of their homeland.

3.动词后有无介词，意思不同: 因有无介词而词义不同的动词在中学英语教材中较多，常见的如：search（对人、物或场所搜查），search for（搜寻人、物或场所）leave（离开某地），leave for（去某地）reach（到达；拿到），reach for（伸手去拿）prepare（准备），prepare for（为…作准备）enter（进入），enter for（报名参加）run（经营；跑），run for（竞选）stand（站；忍受），stand for（代表）answer（回答）,answer for（负责）know（了解，知道）,know about（知道关于…）pay（付钱、债给某人）,pay for（付钱买某物）

the baby reached for the apple but he couldn't reach it.那婴儿伸手去拿苹果，但够不到。

the mayor who used to run a small shop will run for the senate.那个曾经营过一家小店的市长准备去竞选参议员。

4.有无-ly，意思和用法都不同: 这词在教材中较多。一般来说，在形容词后加了-ly成了副词，但有些形容词不加-ly时也可作副词，因而 在使用或考测时学生常混淆不清，复习时可按用法分类记忆：

a.表具体（无-ly）和抽象（有-ly）的区别：wide（宽广），widely（广泛地）deep（深），deeply（深深地）high（高，位置高），highly（高度地）low（位置低），lowly（地位卑微）

b.有无-ly，意思不同：near（近，附近），nearly（几乎）hard（努力），hardly（几乎不）most（大部分），mostly（主要地）like（象…一样），likely（大概，也许）dear（昂贵），dearly（深切地；昂贵地）close（*近地），closely（密切地）late（迟到），lately（最近）bad（坏），badly（恶劣地；严重地）

5.合写与分写时意思不同:这类词在拼法上一样，但合写和分写在用法和意义上却不同，常见的词有：sometime（某个时候），some time（一段时间）sometimes（有时），some times（几次）everyday（adj.“日常的”，作定语），every day（每天）anyway（adv.无论怎样），any way（以任何方式）altogether（总共，完全），all together（一道，一起）already（已经），all ready（都已准备好）everyone（每个人，指人，不可接of短语），every one （每个人或物，后可接of短语）none（没有，可指人或物），no one（没有，专指人）

（95高考）they were all very tired,but_____of them would stop to take a rest. a.any b.some c.none d.neither

6.差了一个字母a，意思大不同: 这类词不多，但在练习中极易出错，使?在练习中ec淆，因而要从用法和意义上加以辨别。如：

alive（adj.“活着的”，作表语），live（adj.修饰物，作定语：a live fire）

alone（adj.,adv.“独自”，作形容词时作表语），lone（adj.“孤独的；偏僻的”，作定语）

asleep（adj.“熟睡的”，常作表语），sleep（v.,n.睡着）

awake（adj.,v.“醒着；叫醒”，作形容词时作表语），wake（v.叫醒）

alike（adj.“相象的”，表语形容词），like（v.,prep.,adj.喜欢；象…一样）

arise（vi.产生；发生；出现），rise（vi.起来；上涨；上升）

across（prep.,adv.穿过；横过），cross（v.穿过；横过）

await（vt.“等候”，直接接宾语），wait（vi.“等候”，不及物动词）

aloud（adv.“大声地”，与read,call,cry等连用，无比较级形式），loud（adv.“大声地，响亮地”， 常与talk,speak,shout,laugh等词连用）

注意：有a-的形容词常作表语，作定语时则要后置。如：it's difficult for the man awake to fall asleep again.

四、归纳易拼错的常用词，过拼写关

归纳易拼错的常用词如：quarrel,immerdiately,camera,umbrella,envelope,develop,popular,republic ,public,appreciate,pronunciation等，攻克单词拼写难关。

篇6：高考英语词汇归类复习

高考英语词汇归类复习

一、从用法上复习归纳词汇，过语法关

英语词汇大多具有本身词义外，还有其语法功能，我们在复习时就不要把着眼点单纯放在单词记忆上，而 要从它们的语法功能上去把握它们。如在复习动词时我们就要根据它们变化形式多、搭配活跃等特点，从它们 的用法上进行分类记忆。这样，既可记住词汇，又可攻克语法难关。

1.宾语不同，意义也不同

英语中有些动词可同时后接不定式和动名词作宾语，但意义不同。它们是高考试题的考查重点。这类词主 要有：

go on doing(继续干同一件事) go on to do(接着去干另一件事)

stop doing sth.(停止正在干的事) stop to do sth.(停下来去干某事)

regret doing(后悔干了某事) regret to do(相当于be sorry to do)

forget/remember doing(忘记/记得已做过的事) forget/rem-ember to do(忘记/记得要干的事)

mean doing(意味着干…) mean to do(想干…)try doing(尝试做) try to do(设法做)

(95高考)“You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.”“Well,now I regret_____ ___that.”

A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done

(92高考)“I usually go there by train.”“Why not____________by boat for a change?”

A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going

(87高考)They would not allow him_________across the line. A.to risk going B.risking going C.for risk to go D.risk going

2.都可接宾语和宾补，形式却不同

某些动词如forbid,advise,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词，但接宾补时 ，宾补要用不定式。如： We forbid smoking here.(宾语)We forbid you to smoke here.(宾补)You are forbidden to smoke here.(主补)

3.宾语不同、语态不同，意义却相同

有些词如need,require,want,deserve等后可接不定式(要用被动形式)，可接动名词(要用主动形式表被 动意义)，可与worth,worthy一并记忆。两种形式意义相同。如：The room requires to be cleaned/cleaning.

(85高考)This sentence needs______________. A.an improvement B.improve C.improving D.improved

4.只接不定式作宾语的词和词组

只接不定式作宾语的词和词组有：decide,expect,refuse,wish,hope,order,promise,pretend,offer,happen,seem,make up one's mind,used,be about,be able,have等。如：(89高考)She pretended_______me when I passed by. A.not to see B.not seeing C.to not see D.having not seen

5.只接动名词作宾语的词和词组

只接动名词作宾语的词和词组：mind,risk,avoid,enjoy,escape,keep,suggest,appreciate,practise,delay,finish,feel like,look forward to,can't help,keep(on),miss,be usedto,excuse,be worth,imagine ,put off,give up等。如：

(92高考)I would appreciate_________back this afternoon.A.you to call B.you call C.your calling D.you are calling

(87高考)The squirrel was lucky that it just missed______.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catch

6.系动词

系动词后可用名词、不定式、分词和形容词等作表语，这类词有：

表感观的系动词：look,sound,taste,smell,feel,seem,appear(这些词用形容词作表语)

表变化的系动词：become,get,turn,grow,make,come,go,fall,run表依旧的系动词：remain,keep,stay,continue,stand,rest,lie,hold

可带名词作表语的系动词：be,become,make,look,sound,fall,prove,remain,turn(该词后接的单数名词前多不用冠词。如：He turned teacher.)(91高考)These oranges taste____________.A.good B.well C.to be good D.to be well

7.含“被动”意味的动词

有些动词，如sell,open,close,wash,teach,burn,measure,cut,lock,cost,read,write,tear,wear,pull, clean,add,cook,let(出租)等，它们的主语是事物，且又是表示主语的固有特征和状态，与行为方式状语连 用时，要用主动形式表被动意义：

My pen writes smoothly.我的笔好写。Oil burns easily.油易燃烧。

(88高考)That suit_________over 60 dollars.A.had costed B.costed C.is cost D.cost

(97高考)“Is this raincoat yours?”“No,mine____________there behind the door.”A.is hanging B.has hung C.hangs D.hung

8.具有两种形式的易混动词

中学英语教材中有些不规则动词有两种过去式或两种过去分词形式，使用或考测时极易弄混。如：

hang,hanged,hanged(绞死)hang,hung,hung(挂起)

light,lit,lit(点燃，作谓语)light,lighted,lighted(过去分词作形容词用时，意谓“燃烧着的”，作定语)

drink,drank,drunk/drunken(喝，饮;过去分词作形容词同时，意谓“醉的”，drunk多作表语，drunke n多作定语)

sink,sank,sunk/sunken(下沉;过去分词sunken作形容词用时，作定语)

bear,bore,born(出生)bear,bore,borne(结果;生育)The woman,who was born in 1940,has borne five children.

lie(撒谎), lied, lied, lying lie(躺，卧，位于)，lay, lain, lying

(89高考)Do you know the boy___________under the big tree? A.lay B.lain C.laying D.lying

二、从搭配上复习归纳词汇，过习语关

英语词汇的搭配十分活跃，复习时我们要把重点放在某些常用的动词、名词或介词、副词。我们可按下列 方式进行对比归纳。

1.常用的搭配活跃的名词: 常用的搭配较活跃的名词有：time,way,moment,means等。如time的搭配短语在中学教材中出现有：in no time(立刻,马上)，on time(按时)，in time(及时、迟早、最终)，at a time(一次)，behind the times(落伍)，behind time(不及时,晚点)，at one time(曾经)，for a time(一度)，at othe r times(其它时候，平素)，at times(有时候)，at all times(一直,经常)

(93高考)If you keep on,you will succeed_____________.A.in time B.at one time C.on time D.at the same time

(94高考)Don't all speak at once!___________,please.A.Each at on time B.One by one time C.One for each time D.One at a time

2.常用的搭配活跃的动词: 常用的搭配活跃的动词有：look,take,make,give,get,have,go,do,turn,put,set,come等。复习时我们要尽量将具有相反意义的介词、副词与同一动词的搭配罗列在一起对比记忆，如turn一词：turn on(打开)，turn off(关上)，turn up(放大音量等;出现)，turn down(放小音量等;拒绝) ，turn in(上交)，turn against(反对)，turn out(生产)，turn away(避开)

(81高考)Would you mind__________your radio a little? A.turn off B.turning off C.to turn down D.turning down

(92高考)Readers can_______quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word. A.get over B.get out of C.get away D.get off

3.常用的搭配活跃的介词、副词: 搭配活跃的介词、副词有：in,out,up,down,on,off,to,from,for,over,with等。复习时，我们要从不同动 词、名词等与同一介词、副词搭配进行逐一过关，如on的搭配有：

①on与动词的搭配: get on(上车/船等)，live on(以…为生)，feed on(以…为生)，take on(接受;雇用)，turn on(打开开关/电器等)，look on(旁观)，spy on(侦察/窥探)，call on(号召;拜访)，go on(继续 )，have on(穿戴)，dependon(依靠)，wait on(侍候)，carry on(执行)，hold on(坚持)，insi st on(坚持)，play tr-icks on(戏弄)，fix on(注视)，impress on(留下印象)

②on与名词搭配(注意冠词的取舍):on duty(值班)，on business(因公;因事)，on fire(燃烧)，on show(展览)，on time(准时) ，on strike(罢工)，on watch(监视，观察)，on sale(出售;大减价)，on earth(到底，究竟)，on journey(旅游)，on foot(步行)，on purpose(故意)，on the way(在路上)，on the contrary(相 反)，on one hand(一方面)，on the right(在右边)，on the whole(总而言之)，on one's own(独自 )，on one's side(支持，站在某一方)，on holiday/leave(度假/请假)

③其它情况：later on(后来)，from now/then on(从现在/那时起)，on account of(由于，因为)

(93高考)We offered him our congratulations_______his passing the college entrance exams. A.at B.on C.for D.of

(91高考)A new school was___________in the village last year. A.held up B.set up C.sent up D.brought up

三、从对比词/词组的同义、词序或结构等复习归纳词汇，过辨析关

1.动作动词和结果动词: 英语中有些动词虽然意义相同，但用法不同，有的表示某个动作，而另一个则表示该动作所产生的结果， 这类动词常见的有：look for(寻找)，find(找到);look(看)，see(看见);listen(听)，hear(听到);try(试 图，不说明是否成功)，manage(设法，侧重做到);advise(劝告，不说明是否劝成)，persuade(劝服， 侧重劝成功)

(87高考)How can you__________if you are not_________? A.listen,hearing B.hear,listening C.be listening,heard D.be hearing,listened to

2.词序不同、意思就不同: 有少量词组颠倒词序后意思和用法就不同了，常见的有：before long(不久以后)，long before(很久以前)turn in(上交;就寝)，in turn(按次序，轮流)hand in(上交)，in hand(在手边)from far(来自远方)，far from(离得远;远非)much too(非常，修饰形容词或副词)，too much(太多，修饰名词，也可作名词)if only(要是…)，only if(只有…)all in(精疲力尽)，in all(总共)good for(对…有好处)，for good(永远)

(95上海)It was__________late to catch a bus after the party,therefore we called a taxi. A.too very B.much too C.too much D.far

Before long,he moved to London and made London the base for his revolutionary work.

It was not long before the whole country rose up and drove the Aus trians out of their homeland.

3.动词后有无介词，意思不同: 因有无介词而词义不同的动词在中学英语教材中较多，常见的如：search(对人、物或场所搜查)，search for(搜寻人、物或场所)leave(离开某地)，leave for(去某地)reach(到达;拿到)，reach for(伸手去拿)prepare(准备)，prepare for(为…作准备)enter(进入)，enter for(报名参加)run(经营;跑)，run for(竞选)stand(站;忍受)，stand for(代表)answer(回答),answer for(负责)know(了解，知道),know about(知道关于…)pay(付钱、债给某人),pay for(付钱买某物)

The baby reached for the apple but he couldn't reach it.那婴儿伸手去拿苹果，但够不到。

The mayor who used to run a small shop will run for the Senate.那个曾经营过一家小店的市长准备 去竞选参议员。

4.有无-ly，意思和用法都不同: 这词在教材中较多。一般来说，在形容词后加了-ly成了副词，但有些形容词不加-ly时也可作副词，因而 在使用或考测时学生常混淆不清，复习时可按用法分类记忆：

a.表具体(无-ly)和抽象(有-ly)的区别：wide(宽广)，widely(广泛地)deep(深)，deeply(深深地)high(高，位置高)，highly(高度地)low(位置低)，lowly(地位卑微)

b.有无-ly，意思不同：near(近，附近)，nearly(几乎)hard(努力)，hardly(几乎不)most(大部分)，mostly(主要地)like(象…一样)，likely(大概，也许)dear(昂贵)，dearly(深切地;昂贵地)close(靠近地)，closely(密切地)late(迟到)，lately(最近)bad(坏)，badly(恶劣地;严重地)

5.合写与分写时意思不同:这类词在拼法上一样，但合写和分写在用法和意义上却不同，常见的词有：sometime(某个时候)，some time(一段时间)sometimes(有时)，some times(几次)everyday(adj.“日常的”，作定语)，every day(每天)anyway(adv.无论怎样)，any way(以任何方式)altogether(总共，完全)，all together(一道，一起)already(已经)，all ready(都已准备好)everyone(每个人，指人，不可接of短语)，every one (每个人或物，后可接of短语)none(没有，可指人或物)，no one(没有，专指人)

(95高考)They were all very tired,but_____of them would stop to take a rest. A.any B.some C.none D.neither

6.差了一个字母a，意思大不同: 这类词不多，但在练习中极易出错，使用时也常混淆，因而要从用法和意义上加以辨别H纾?br>alive(adj.“活着的”，作表语)，live(adj.修饰物，作定语：a live fire)

alone(adj.,adv.“独自”，作形容词时作表语)，lone(adj.“孤独的;偏僻的”，作定语)

asleep(adj.“熟睡的”，常作表语)，sleep(V.,n.睡着)

awake(adj.,v.“醒着;叫醒”，作形容词时作表语)，wake(v.叫醒)

alike(adj.“相象的”，表语形容词)，like(v.,prep.,adj.喜欢;象…一样)

arise(vi.产生;发生;出现)，rise(vi.起来;上涨;上升)

across(prep.,adv.穿过;横过)，cross(v.穿过;横过)

await(vt.“等候”，直接接宾语)，wait(vi.“等候”，不及物动词)

aloud(adv.“大声地”，与read,call,cry等连用，无比较级形式)，loud(adv.“大声地，响亮地”， 常与talk,speak,shout,laugh等词连用)

注意：有a-的形容词常作表语，作定语时则要后置。如：It's difficult for the man awake to fall asleep again.

四、归纳易拼错的常用词，过拼写关

归纳易拼错的常用词如：quarrel,immerdiately,camera,umbrella,envelope,develop,popular,republic ,public,appreciate,pronunciation等，攻克单词拼写难关。

从高考题看情态动词的用法

最近几年高考试题中常常借助语境来考查情态动词的基本用法及其区别，因此在平时学习时准确理解和掌握情态动词的基本用法十分重要。情态动词的用法复杂多变，在高考试题中，命题者常常利用语境和句子之间意义上的细微差别来考查学生对情态动词的理解和掌握。对于情态动词，除了要求考生能够准确掌握它们的基本用法外，还要充分利用高考试题所设置的语境来分析句子之间所体现的特殊关系。下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析，以便同学们复习掌握。

一、用“情态动词+have +done”结构表示对过去动作的推测，高考试题中常用过去时态或过去的时间状语给以暗示。情态动词的这一用法可以用 “对立统一”来概括。

1.当试题的前句和后句在动作和意义上相互补充说明，且整个句意在动作和时间上是一个整体时，我们可用“统一”关系来解决这样的试题。常见的结构有：

must have done： 表示对过去动作的肯定推测，常译作“一定做了……”，只能用于肯定句中。其否定形式为can’t/couldn’t have done? 疑问式为Can/Could...have done﹖。

could /might have done：表示对过去发生的动作的可能性推测，常译作“可能做了……”。如：

1) Sorry I’m late. I _____ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. ?(北京 春)

A. might B. should C. can D. will

该题前句说明了结果，后句接着说出了产生这种结果的可能性，对前句进行补充说明。分析选项可知本题应选A。

2) My sister met him at the Grand Theater yesterday afternoon, so he _____ your lecture. ?(上海 2000)

A. couldn’t have attended

B. needn’t have attended

C. mustn’t have attended

D. shouldn’t have attended

该题前句叙说一个客观事实，后句对前句进行补充说明，分析选项可知C是错误的? 而B、D两项不符合题意。故本题选A。又如：

Jack ____ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me. (上海’97)

A. mustn’t have arrived

B. shouldn’t have arrived

C. can’t have arrived

D. need not have arrived (C)

2.当试题的前后句在动作和意义上构成转折关系时，常借助“but, however, instead”等词来表示过去的动作与客观事实不符，这时我们就可以用“对立”关系来解决这样的试题。这种结构常见的有：

should have done / ought to have done：表示过去本应该做某事而实际上没有做。

should not have done / ought not to have done：表示过去本不应该做某事但事实上却做了。

need have done：表示过去本来有必要去做某事，但事实上没有做。

need not have done：表示过去本来没有必要做某事，但事实上却做了。如：

3) I was really anxious about you. You _____ home without a word. (NMET)

A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left

C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave

分析该题前后句之间的关系和语气可知，事实上是 “本不应该离家出走却走了”，故本题选B。

4) I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _____ for her. (NMET’94)

A. had to write it out

B. must have written it out

C. should have written it out

D. ought to write it out

由句中的连词but可知前后句之间是对立关系，分析题意可知本题应选C。

二、考查情态动词基本用法之间的比较和辨析。最近几年高考试题中常借助具体的语境来考查考生对那些最常见的情态动词的基本用法的理解和掌握，因此在做这样的试题时应认真分析语境中所含的实际意义，并结合情态动词的基本含义和用法做出正确的选择。

5) —Is John coming by train﹖

—He should, but he ______ not. He likes driving his car. (NMET)

A. must B. can C. need D. may

mustn’t 表示“禁止、不准”;cannot 表示“不可能”;need not 表示“不必要”;may not 表示“可能不”。分析语境可知本题应选D。

6) —I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins. ______ I have a look﹖

—Yes, certainly. (北京2002春)

A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should

分析语境可知这是在征求对方的许可，may表示“允许、可以”，语气比较委婉? shall常用于第一、三人称作主语的疑问句中,表示征求对方意见和指示，如果此空用shall，则意为“要(我)看一下吗?”，不符合上下文意思。故本题选B。

7) Mr Bush is on time for everything. How ____ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony﹖ (上海2001春)

A. can B. should C. may D. must

must be 表示肯定的猜测，只能用于肯定句中，由题意可知本题应选A。

8) —Are you coming to Jeff’s party﹖

—I’m not sure. I ____ go to the concert instead. (NMET2000)

A. must B. would C. should D. might

由题意和下句中的 “I’m not sure” 可知这段对话中存在一种可能性推测，might可以用来表示一种比较委婉的可能性判断，故本题选D。又如：

I should have been there, but I _____ not find the time. (上海2000春)

A. would B. could C. might D. should

分析题意可知第二个分句表示过去的某种能力;C 项只表示语气上的可能性，与题意不符。故本题选B。

9) Johnny, you ____ play with the knife, you ____ hurt yourself. (NMET’96)

A. won’t; can’t B. mustn’t; may

C. shouldn’t; must D. can’t; shouldn’t

mustn’t 表示“不可以;禁止”，分析题意可知第二个空表示某种可能性，故本题选B。

10) —Will you stay for lunch﹖

—Sorry, ______. My brother is coming to see me. (NMET’99)

A. I mustn’t B. I can’t

C. I needn’t D. I won’t

分析题意可知因为“我弟弟要来看我”，所以“不能留下”，因此对别人的邀请或要求应给予礼貌的拒绝。A 项表示“禁止”;C项表示“不必要”;而D项表示“不会”，均不符合题意。故本题选B。又如：

—Could I borrow your dictionary﹖

—Yes, of course you _____.(MET’92)

A. might B. will C. can D. should (C)

11)—When can I come for the photos﹖ I need them tomorrow afternoon.

—They _____ be ready by 12?00. (NMET’98)

A. can B. should C. might D. need

该题考查情态动词should的基本含义，分析句意可知本题应选B。又如：

The old man is always hunting the lions, so terrible things _____ happen to him.(上海’96)

A. might B. would C. should D. could?C

12) The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____ get out.(NMET’97)

A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to

该题考查了could和be able to的区别，二者都可表示过去时间的能力，但如果表示过去成功地做了某事只能使用was / were able to do，故本题选D。

13) —Shall I tell John about it ﹖

—No, you _____. I’ve told him already. (NMET’94)

A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t

情态动词shall在试题中表示征询对方意见或请求指示。答句暗示 “没有必要了”，故本题选A。

篇7：浅谈中学英语词汇教学(人教版高考复习)

摘 要：词汇教学是中学英语教学的一个基础环节。教师要在教学中运用多种的词汇教学方法,这样能使学生学起来觉得新鲜有趣,而不会觉得枯燥无味，从而高效地记忆和学习单词。本文提出词汇教学要从词汇的音、形、义、语境、文化差异等多方面着手，培养学生的学习和记忆策略，使他们掌握正确的学习方法、记忆方法和词汇学习技巧，从而促进学生听说读写能力的全面发展。

关键词：英语词汇教学 直观 语境 文化差异

英国语言学家威尔金斯曾经说过：“ Without grammar very little can be conveyed; without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.”词汇作为语言的基石，确实是举足轻重的。中学阶段如何有效地进行词汇教学，将直接影响到学生是否真正理解和掌握英语，能否切实有效地用英语进行交际。因此，词汇教学在英语教学中是不容忽视的。如何教学生掌握一定数量的词汇，是中学英语教学的重要任务之一。下面我将介绍自己在词汇教学过程中的一些做法和体会。

一、直观的教学方式

学生掌握知识的过程是一种特殊的认知过程，这一过程主要包括对教材的感知、理解、巩固和应用等环节。在这一复杂的认识过程中，出发点是感知教材。因此从心理学中的感知规律与教学的关系来分析，为了提高学生感知材料的效果，就需要运用直观教学手段。

在教学中教师采取直观教学，能起到“催化剂”的作用。对于一些表示具体事物的名词、表示具体动作的动词、表示情感的动词及形容词，我通常采用如图片、实物、玩具、幻灯片等一系列辅助教具及手势、动作、表情等手段，进行直观教学。对于初学者，如能采用直观教学的言语直观和教具直观法，不但能吸引学生的注意力，还能使他们参与。如学习dictionary这个单词时，我将事先准备好的字典拿出来呈现在学生面前，口中问到：“What’s this? It’s a dictionary.”再拿起两本字典问：“What are these? They are dictionaries.”自问自答后再展开教师问学生答，学生问学生答，这样反复操练，学生不但掌握dictionary这个单词的词性，单复数，而且在运用时也琅琅上口。再如讲到单词“map”时，我拿出一张地图，利用图片进行讲解。在讲解词组“turn right”时，我在黑板上画出方向来表示。这些直观教学形式对刚接触英语的学习者来说可将词的音、形、义全过程一次性完成,既生动形象,又情趣浓厚。这种形象思维和情景思维的交替使用,不仅能营造和谐的气氛,激发学生的学习兴趣,而且使词汇教学与情景相结合,有利于学生正确运用所学词汇。

二、音形义结合的多媒体教学

音、形、义是构成一个单词的三要素。三者合一是词汇教学中不可缺少的内容，三者是一个有机的统一体，它们是相互关联的。在现今的中学英语课堂中，教师应多运用多媒体课件来教单词，因为将多媒体制作的课件幻灯片用在课堂上演示能达到很好的教学效果，如我在教授单词“highway”路时，在幻灯片中可设三个控制按钮，第一个按钮点进去可呈现一条高速道路的清晰图像，点击第二个按钮则弹出“highway”的具体中文解释，而第三个按钮则设成声控按钮，点击就会发出“highway”的清晰读音，学生可以跟着念。这种多媒体词汇教学方式将音形义结合在一起教学，既能达到高效教学的目的，又能使学生在一个很轻松的氛围中学习词汇，同时也增加了师生之间的互动性，学生会更多的参与，更好地配合教师的教学。

三、语境教学法

《英语新课程标准》五级要求中对词汇的要求是要学生理解和领悟词语的基本含义以及在特定语境中的意义，由此可见将词汇放在特定的语境中进行教学是十分重要的。著名的语言学家吕叔湘先生也说过：“词语要嵌在上下文里头才有生命，才容易记住，才知道用法。”因此，在词汇教学中运用语境教学法可使学生通过语境更加深刻地理解单词的用法和多种意义，从而对于单词的记忆更加牢固。利用语境教学法可以从以下两方面入手：

1、通过句型或上下文来教单词

当遇到讲授新单词时，如：water这个词，我借助一些教具或动作，如浇水的动作和喝水的动作等，呈现以下的句子。如：（1）I’m very thirsty, I want to drink some water. (2) The flowers are dry, I must water them every day. (3) There is some water in the bottle, we can drink it. 从语境中学生可猜测出（1）、（3）句中的water 是水，（2）句的是浇水的意思，从中学生也可以知道water 不同的词性和用法。 利用上下文教单词的道理也是一样，比如说教umbrella时，可以用下面这段文字： It’s raining and I want to go out. I haven’t a raincoat but I have an umbrella. I’ll put up my umbrella. My umbrella is protecting me from catching rain. Now the rain has stopped. I’ll take my umbrella down. An umbrella is very useful when it is raining. 这样把umbrella放在段落中学习，不但教会了学生这个单词，而且培养了学生的思维能力。

2、利用情景教单词

利用情景教单词，是初中学生较喜爱的一种方法，因为情景虽然是模拟的，但至少也像置身于真正的交际情景中，这些可以使学生真正参与的活动，也是他们日常熟悉的场景。比如说，学习打电话用语时便可拿两部会响的电话，让他们好像真的在打电话一样，在交际中，学得了知识。学习交际用语还可以有购物、借物、问路、邀请和看病等情景可以用。这样学生不但兴致勃勃地学知识，让他们多参与，既能说，又能听，还能激发他们的英语学习的积极性。

四、加强对学生学习词汇方法的指导

词汇学习一直是初中生在英语学习中最大的障碍，如何能增加词汇量和正确使用所学的词，成为词汇学习中必须解决的两个问题。因此我教会学生在词汇学习中掌握科学的学习词汇的方法。

1、帮助学生端正学习词汇的态度，克服心理障碍

在词汇学习中，部分学生因为急于大幅度地增加词汇量，往往产生了很多的心理障碍，主要表现为厌烦心理、焦虑心理和轻视心理。我帮助他们排除这些心理障碍。端正学习词汇的态度是学好词汇的首要问题，教师应帮助学生认识到端正学习词汇态度的重要性。

2、熟练掌握积极词汇，妥善处理消极词汇

词汇学习可分为积极词汇和消极词汇的学习。积极词汇就是指要求会读，会拼、听得懂，知道其基本词义，而且能够在口头或书面表达时灵活运用的词汇。而消极词汇则指仅要求能听懂，会读，知道基本的词义就可以的词汇。我在平时的教学中要求学生对那些复现率很高而又常用的词汇要有意识地进行学习和记忆，掌握其读音、词性、意义和搭配情况等。这样，慢慢地引导学生把原来的消极词汇变成积极词汇，增加了词汇量，而且这样学生学到的词就掌握得更扎实，不易遗忘，能使学生更加高效地记忆词汇。

3、掌握记忆的方法，提高记忆词汇的效率

记不住单词是词汇学习中学生感到最头疼的一件事。有些单词记了又忘，忘了再记，记了又再忘。其实，记忆是有规律可循的，掌握记忆规律是提高记忆效率的关键。

“德国的心理学家艾宾浩斯通过系统的研究和实验,制成了著名的艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线,这条曲线表明了遗忘发展的一条规律,即遗忘的进程是不均衡的,遗忘的发展是“先快后慢”的，随后便趋于平稳。” 我要求学生在学习完词汇时及时地进行复习。在大量遗忘之前就开始复习才能达到良好的效果。在学习词汇时要做到持之以恒，形式多样。合理地分配时间学习，做到集中学习与分散学习相结合。这样更有利于学生加深理解，巩固记忆。

4、在阅读中学习词汇

在教学中我们常听到同学们反映阅读时最头痛的问题就是生词太多，看不懂。要使学生能得心应手，轻松地阅读完一篇中等难度的文章，必须让学生适当地多学一些课外词汇。因此，在教学中，我经常指导学生查阅词典、语法等工具书，鼓励学生根据上下文猜测词义，教会他们阅读方法。同时我根据各年级不同的情况，每星期选择1至2篇不同类型的文章，要求同学翻译，完成对话。这样通过大量的阅读训练，不仅有效地巩固和扩大了学生的词汇量，而且提高了学生对文章的理解和阅读速度，取得了较好的效果。

五、通过对比词汇的文化差异提高教学效率

语言和文化是相互依存，相互影响的，语言不能脱离文化而存在，没有了解一定的文化背景，那么是学不好英语这门语言的。《英语课程标准》对文化意识的要求,学生应“了解英语国家中传统的文娱和体育活动，了解英语国家中重要的节假日及主要庆祝方式,加深对中国文化的理解”。由此可见中西文化词汇的学习是初中英语词汇教学的一个重要内容，词汇教学不能为教词汇而教词汇,文化差异是词汇教学的一个重要组成部分。学生在学习词汇的过程中要想真正掌握词汇就必须在理解词的内涵上下功夫。我在教授词汇时,根据文化背景知识教授词汇知识,对学生进行有意识的文化导入,帮助学生准确理解和正确使用具有不同文化背景含义的词汇,促使学生进一步掌握和驾驭词汇。我还注意适当增加一些中国传统文化的词汇,以帮助学生全面认识中国和世界。

语言学家傅林格曾说过：“任何一个掌握了一门外语的人都清楚地知道，他的大部分时间都是花在掌握这门语言的词汇上面的。”可见，词汇教学在语言教学中占有重要地位，它贯穿整个英语教学的始终。因此，教师应重视学生词汇的学习，引导学生推究各种词汇记忆方法和学习规律，主动探索，并通过实际交际活动，在一定的语言情境和文化渗透中学习和掌握词汇，完成自己认知结构的量变和质变的过程。注重培养学生的学习和记忆策略，使他们掌握正确的学习方法、记忆方法和词汇学习技巧，从而促进学生听说读写能力的全面发展。

参考书目：

[1]《.英语课程标准》北京师范大学出版社，

[2] 范安平、彭春妹. 《教育应用心理学》武汉大学出版社，20.

[3] 倪方《.如何提高英语词汇教学的效果》.河北职业技术学院学报，

[4]盛一英《.运用多种手段优化英语词汇教学》广西教育学院学报，20

篇8：英语词汇教学的策略

有关英语词汇教学的策略

词汇是语言的三大要素之一.维系着语音和语法.是语言大厦的砖和瓦.一定的.词汇量是听、说、读、写等语言实践活动的基础.如何教学生掌握一定数量的词汇,是英语教学的重要任务之一.本文就英语词汇教学策略谈谈具体看法.

篇9：高中英语阅读课教案(人教版高考复习英语教案教学设计)

LESSON PLAN

Time of Lesson: 45 minutes

Students: Senior Grade One

Teaching Material: How Did Postage Stamps Come Into Use

Teaching Objectives:

1. To train Ss' reading ability(such as guessing the meaning of new words in the context, the speed of reading.)

2. To train Ss' reading comprehension(To get messages from what they read.)

Teaching Points:

1. Ss get used to three reading skills.

2. Ss understand the given passage.

Properties:

Stamps, letters, postcards, work sheets, OHP

Teaching Method:

Communicative Approach

Lesson Type:

Reading

New Words and A Phrase:

postage, put forward, proposal, seal, deliver, system, postal

Procedures:

Step 1. Warm-up(6')

1. Lead-in

Show some stamps, letters and postcards and have free talk to arouse students' motivation.

2. Dealing with some new words

Q: Do you know the postage of a letter?

Explain “postage”, and write postage on the Bb.

postage: payment for the carrying of letters

A: Fifty fen for any place in China except Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macao.

Q: What do the postmen do with the letters?

A: They take the letters from the postbox and carry them away to the places on the envelopes and deliver them to the addressed people.

Explain “deliver”, and write deliver on the Bb.

deliver: take letters or goods to the addressed people.

Q: Who put forward the proposal to use stamps? Use OHP to project the question onto the screen.

Explain “put forward” and “proposal”, and write them on the Bb.

put forward: put an idea before people for thinking over

proposal: sth. proposed, plan or idea, suggestion

Again: Who put forward the proposal to use stamps?

Step 2. Skimming(4'30“)

1. Instructions

T: Now I give you a passage to read, and for the first time you should only find the answer to the question. You have only two and a half minutes to read. So don't read word for word. Read quickly. Just try to find the answer.

2. Handing out the reading material and reading

3. Checking

Q: Who put forward the proposal to use stamps.

A: Rowland Hill, a schoolmaster in England.

Step 3. Scanning(6')

1. Instructions

T: This time I give you three minutes to read the passage. When you are reading, find the answers to the two questions.

Use OHP to project the questions:

1. Why was the postage high in the early nineteenth century when people did not use stamps?

2. When was postage stamps first put to use?

2. Reading

3. Checking

1) Pair work

2) Class checking

Ans. to Que.1. Because the post offices had to send many people to collect the postage.

Ans. to Que.2. On May 6, 1840.

Step 4. Full reading(21')

1. Instructions

T: Now I give you ten minutes to read the passage for the third time and you should read it carefully. Before reading, let's go over the questions on the work sheet.

Give Work Sheet 1 to the Ss. Explain the new words in Que. 4.

prevent: stop, not let sb. do sth.

reuse: use again

T: Try to find the answers to the questions. But don't write the answers down, you can put a sign or underline the sentences concerning the questions.

2. Reading

3. Checking

1) Group work: Checking the answers in a group of four Ss.

2) Class work: Checking the answers in class.

Possible Answers:

1. Why were people unhappy to pay postage for letters in the early nineteenth century?

Because they had to pay postage when they received letters, especially when they paid for a letter which they did not wish to receive at all. The postage was high.

2. Why was it much easier for people to use stamps for postage?

Because people could go to the nearby post office to buy stamps and put them on envelopes before they sent the letters.

3. Why was the postage much lower using stamps?

Because in this way, the post office did not need to send postmen to collect postage. It only needed to send fewer postmen to deliver letters.

4. How could the post office prevent people from reusing the stamps?

The post office could simply put seals on the stamps so that people could not use the stamps again.

Check the understanding of the word ”seal“, and write it on the Bb.

seal: 邮戳 5. Did other countries take up the new postal system?

Yes.

Check the understanding of ”postal“ and ”system“, and write them on the Bb.

postal: of the post

system: a set of working ways

6. Does every country in the world has its own stamps?

Yes.

Step 5: Rounding-off(7')

1. Answering Ss' questions on the passage if any.

2. Making a guided-dialogue with the information given from the passage.

Hand out Work Sheet 2. Do it in pairs.

3. Asking two or three pairs to read their dailogues.

A possible completed dialogue:

A: Oh, What a beautiful stamp!

B: Yes, it's from the U.S.A..

A: Do you know in the early nineteenth century people did not use stamps?

B: Then how did they pay the postage?

A: They had to pay the postage when they received letters.

B: Was the postage very high then?

A: Yes. Because the post offices had to send many people to collect the postage.

B: Who put forward the proposal to use stamps?

A: Rowland Hill, a schoolmaster in England.

B: Why do post offices put seals on the stamps?

A: They can prevent people from using the stamps again.

B: When did post offices begin to sell stamps?

A: On May 6, 1840.

B: Thank you for telling me so many things about stamps.

Step 6. Assignment(30”)

Ask the Ss to shorten the passage within four or five sentences after class, and to write it in their exercise books.

*************************************************************

Reading Material:

How Did Postage Stamps Come Into Use

When you send a letter or a postcard, you have to put stamps on the envelope or on the card. When did people first begin to use stamps? Who was the first to think of this idea?

In the early nineteenth century, people did not use stamps. They had to pay postage when they received letters. They were unhappy about this, especially when they paid for a letter which they did not wish to receive at all. The postage was high at that time, because the post offices had to send many people to collect the postage.

Rowland Hill, a schoolmaster in England, was the first to put forward a proposal to use stamps. He thought it would be much easier for people to use stamps to cover postage. They could go to the nearby post office to buy stamps and put them on envelopes before they sent the letters. The post office could simply put seals on the stamps so that people could not use the stamps again. In this way, the post office did not need to send postmen to collect postage. It only needed to send fewer postmen to deliver letters. That was a good idea and the government finally accepted it.

On May 6, 1840, post offices throughout England began to sell stamps. Soon this new postal system was taken up by other countries. Now each country has its own stamps. And there are many people who collect stamps all over the world.

Work Sheet 1:

Find the answers to the following questions from the passage:

1. Why were people unhappy to pay postage for letters in the early nineteenth century?

2. Why was it much easier for people to use stamps for postage?

3. Why was the postage much lower using stamps?

4. How could the post office prevent people from reusing the stamps?

5. Did other countries take up the new postal system?

6. Does every country in the world has its own stamps now?

Work Sheet 2:

Complete the dialogue with the information you have got:

A: Oh, What a beautiful stamp!

B: Yes, it's from the U.S.A..

A: Do you know ____________________ people did not use stamps?

B: Then how did they pay the postage?

A: ___________________________________________________________.

B: Was the postage very high then?

A: ___________________________________________________________.

B: Who put forward the proposal to use stamps?

A: ___________________________________________________________.

B: Why do post offices put seals on the stamps?

A: ___________________________________________________________.

B: When did post offices begin to sell stamps?

A: ___________________________________________________________.

B: Thank you for telling me so many things about stamps.

篇10：连接词的使用(人教版高考复习英语教案教学设计)

要想使文章有整体性、连贯性，就要学会正确使用连接词

下面请你认真学习并学会运用下列常见连接词

表示罗列增加

First, second, third,

First, then / next, after that / next, finally

For one thing … for another…,

On (the) one hand…on the other hand,

Besides / what’s more / in addition / furthermore / moreover / another / also,

Especially / In particular,

表示时间顺序

now, at present, recently,

after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days,

at first, in the beginning, to begin with,

later, next, finally,

immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the moment

from now on, from then on,

at the same time, meanwhile,

till, not…until, before, after, when, while, as during,

表示解释说明

now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, moreover

furthermore, in fact, actually

表示转折关系

but, however, while, though, or, otherwise, on the contrary, on the other

hand, in contrast, despite, in spite of, even though, except (for), instead, of course, after all,

表示并列关系

or, and, also, too, not only … but also, as well as, both… and, either …or, neither …nor

表示因果关系

because, because of, since, now that, as, thanks to…, due to…, therefore, as a result (of), otherwise, so…that, such…that

表示条件关系

as (so) long as, on condition that, if, unless

表示让步关系

though, although, as, even if, even though, whether …or…, however, whoever,

whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how (who, what, which, where, when, whom)

表示举例

for example, for instance, such as…, take… for example

表示比较

be similar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with (to)…just like, just as,

表示目的

for this reason,, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to,

表示强调

in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly,

obviously, above all,

表示概括归纳

in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as I know, As we all know, as has been stated, as I have shown, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion,

练习一：根据上下文关系用连接词把下列各句连接起来，组成一个单句、并列句或复合句。

1.a) Go to see the doctor at once.

b) Your cold may get worse.

2. a) Alice was the first to complete her paper.

b) Alice made quite a few mistakes in her paper.

3. a) We were about to start off last night.

b) The phone in the living room began to ring.

4. a) Unfortunately, John’s car broke down on the way home.

b) John had to stop a car for a lift.

5). a) He has made great progress in his studies.

b) All the teachers praise him.

6. a) Some people waste food.

b) Other people haven’t enough food.

7. a) It’s too late to go to the cinema now.

b) I have an important meeting to attend after lunch.

8. a) Your aunt has no other thought but what is best for you.

b) I have no other thought, either.

练习二：1、用but,then,instead,the next moment,when填空：

The accident happened at 7:15 on the morning of February 8, . I was walking along Park Road towards the east an elderly man came out of the park on the opposite side of the street. I saw a yellow car drive up Third Street and make a sudden right turn into Park Road. the car hit the old man. He fell down with a cry. the car didn’t stop to save the old man. ，it drove off at great speed.

2、用at last,then,so,up to now,that,when填空：

Don’t Lose Your Courage

Never shall I forget the first English lesson given by Miss Liu. On that day, she entered the classroom, we found she was a young and beautiful lady with a big smile on her face. she introduced herself saying that we should call her Miss Liu instead of Teacher Liu, a moment later, she let all of us go to the blackboard and say something about ourselves in English in turn. it was my turn, I felt shy and fearful that I didn’t dare to say a word before the class. She came up to me and said kindly, “Don’t be afraid. I believe you can do it. Come and have a try.” My face turned red when I heard that. , I went to the blackboard and was able to do it quite well. She praised for what I had done. , I can still remember her words in the first English lesson: “Practice makes perfect. Don’t lose your courage when you meet with difficulties. Try on and on until you succeed.”

篇11：会考作文例子(人教版高考复习英语教案教学设计)

一．假定你的名字叫张明，是一名高二学生。你于6月28日用英语给李老师写了一封信。告诉她，你很喜欢英语。但是觉得单词很难记，并常犯语法错误。你希望老师给你提些建议，以便学好英语。

注意：1、不要逐字翻译，字数为60-80词。

2、开头语、结束语已为你写好。

June 28th，2000

Dear Miss Li,

I’m a student in Senior One. I like English very much . But I have a lot of trouble in learning it. I find it difficult to remember English words and I often make lots of mistakes in grammar. Could you give me some advice on how to learn English well?

I’m sorry for giving you so much trouble.

I would be most grateful if you could write to me.

Best wishes!

Yours respectfully,

Zhang Ming

二．请你按要求写一篇日记（字数60-80）。要点如下：

1、月29日星期五乘车去爬山；2、原定早上8点钟出发，汽车9点钟才到；

3、车在路上出了毛病；4、到达山脚时天下大雨；将近下午5点钟雨才停。

文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总字数

Dec. 29th , Friday Rainy

My family and I decided to climb a mountain today. We had planned to set off at eight by bus. For some reason the bus didn’t come until nine o’clock. Unluckily (Unfortunately) for us, something went wrong with the bus on the way to the mountain. But when we arrived at the foot of the mountain, it began to rain heavily. It was nearly five o’clock in the afternoon when it stopped raining. Son we had to come back.

How disappointed I am today!

三．假如你是李刚，你写信邀请你的英国笔友Jackie来参加你班将举办的暑假夏令营（Summer camp）活动，并请他回信告诉你他是否能来。(字数：100字左右。) 内容要点如下：

1.活动时间：7月20日至7月27日； 2.地点：之江渡假村（holiday village）；

3.内容：参观杭州风景名胜；语言学习讲座；举办晚会等；

Dear Jackie,

Haven’t been able to write to you for a long time. I wonder how you are getting on recently.

As you know. the summer vacation in China is coming. And the students in our class are going to have a summer camp. Would you please have the pleasure to come and join us? The summer camp is going to be held in the Zhijiang Holiday Village from July 20th to July 27th. In the summer camp，we are going to pay a visit to the places of interest in Hangzhou. And we are going to have talks on the study of languages and have parties as well.

Oh, I’m sorry I have to stop here now. Would you please write to tell me whether you can come and when if you can.

Best wishes.

Yours,

四．书面表达（满分10分）

根据以下提示，以Our Great Country为题，写一篇60-80个词的短文，要求要点齐全，不要逐词翻译。

1．中国位于亚洲东部，是世界上最大的国家之一。

2．首都北京是政治文化（cultural）中心，有许多名胜。

3．伟大的祖国，历史悠久，人口众多，人民勤劳勇敢。

4．我们热爱我们的祖国。

Our Great Country

China, which lies in the east of Asia, is one of the largest countries in the world. It is a great country with a long history. Beijing, the capital of China, is the political and cultural centre and has many places of interest. China has a large population and the Chinese people are brave and hardworking. We love our great country.

五．A New Use for Tony‘s Model Plane为题，根据上面图画所

描绘的故事，写一篇80词左右的短文。

A New Use for Tony’s Model Plane

Tony was flying his model plane in the fields. There were

dark clouds gathering in the sky . Suddenly it began to

pour down very heavily . Tony was wet all over and

had to stop flying his plane . But soon the rain stopped.

Tony started to fly his plane again. But this time he used

the cord of his plane as a clothes-line to dry his wet shirt.

So he found a new use for his model plane.

六．你（林兰）去找美国朋友Jenny不遇，留下一张便条。(词数：60-80字)

内容如下：

1． 今晚去蓝石电影院看影片“藏龙卧虎”(Hidden Dragon Crouching Tiger)

2． 7点30分在电影院门口见面

3． 在学校门靠附近乘301路公共汽车。在第三个站下车，向前走约5分钟，电影院在大型超市旁边。

Jenny,

I’ve come to tell you that we’re going to see the film Hidden Dragon Crouching Tiger this evening. We will meet at the gate of the Blue Stone Cinema at 7:30. I guess you would like to see the film. You can take a No301 bus near the school gate and get off at the third stop. Then walk straight ahead. It takes about 5 minutes. You’ll see a big super market. The cinema is next to it. You can’t miss it.

七．请以日记形式记录一次体育课的情况。(词数：60-80字)

内容要点如下：

1． 时间： 星期一下午 2. 上课内容：跳远

3. 过程：做准备活动（warm-up exercises）:老师讲解并示范； 我紧张而失败；不灰心，反复练习；终于跳过三米。

4. 体会：只要有恒心（perseverance）就一定会成功

November 6, Tuesday Cloudy

Yesterday afternoon we had a PE lesson. After warm-up exercises, our teacher told us the way of long jump and showed us how to do it. Then we followed the teacher and practiced one after another. Soon came my turn and I felt a little nervous. I failed the first time but I wasn’t discouraged. I kept on practicing. At last I managed to jump over three metres. From the lesson I came to see that one will succeed if one has perseverance.

八．假定你是张玲，你写信给某报编辑投诉服装质量问题.

内容包括：

1. 上星期天你在红星百货商店买了一件衬衫 2. 洗衣服时发现衬衫腿色

3. 回商店要求换一件，遭拒绝 3. 希望生产长厂家ABC公司关注产品质量

说明: 1.不要逐字翻译题目 3. 词数60-80字

3. 信的开头和结尾已给出(不包括在词数内)

Editor,

I am writing to complain about the poor quality of a blouse produced by the ABC Company.

Last Sunday, I bought a blouse at Red Start, the largest department store in the city. The salesgirl said it was of good quality. But in fact, there was something wrong with it. When I washed it, the colour ran. I went back to the store to change it, but was refused. I felt very disappointed. I do hope the company will pay more attention to the quality of their goods if they want to get into the world market.

Thank you very much.

Yours faithfully,

Zhang Ling

样题

Notice

Our English club has decided to organize a trip to the Nanhaizi Milu Park next Saturday, the 20th of October. We will meet at the school gate at 7:00 a.m. The school bus will leave at 7:15 a.m. Please be there on time.

Please get something ready for a picnic lunch. Be sure to wear strong shoes as we shall do a lot of walking. And don’t forget to bring your cameras.

We hope everyone in our club will join the trip.

会考训练1

12 Guang Ming Road

Oct. 16.

Dear Li Yun,

Next Monday is my birthday. I’m going to hold a birthday party at home in the evening. It will begin at 7:30. Would you like to come? I’ve also invited some of my classmates and some friends of ours.

Now I live at 12 Guang Ming Road. You can take Bus No.23 or No.45, and get off at the stop of Guang Ming Road. Then walk south for 50 metres. It’s a red house with a white door. You can’t miss it.

I do hope you will come.

Yours,

Xiao Hua

会考训练 2

Today we had a new English teacher. His name is Zhang Wen. He is a tall, young man with a pair of glasses. He told us that he was glad to teach us English.

When he taught, he spoke English. At the beginning, I found it a bit hard to understand him, but at the end of the lesson I felt much better. I was really happy, because I could not only read English, but also understand English through listening.

会考训练 3

Notice

Oct. 12,2001

In order to help with the study of English, the Students Union will hold an English report next week. We have invited Professor Cook from Sydney University to give us a talk. The lecture is about some features of Australian English. The talk will be given at the Lecture Hall on Oct. 12, starting at 3:30 P.M. Each class may send 10 students to attend the lecture.

Do be there on time.

Students Union

会考训练 4

no smoking , please!

Smoking is a bad habit. It is bad for the health of the smokers themselves and the people who are around them. In fact, many kinds of diseases are caused by smoking. Every year, millions of smokers die from smoking tobacco.

Smoking itself is a waste of money. It costs one so much money. Besides, many fires are often caused by careless smokers.

Young people! Don’t join the group of people in hospital, the group of dying people, because they smoke.

测试2

An English summer camp is going to be held in the Dinghu Mountain by the school from Auguest 1 to Auguest 10.

Here are the time tables. In the morning, spoken English and some lectures about western cultures will be arranged. In the afternoon, students are going to take part in some activities such as climbing mountains, swimming, and playing games. In the evening, English activities will be held, at which students will sing some English songs and put on some English plays. Those who want to go to the camp should register from June 25 to June 30 in the teachers’ office.

篇12：高一Units 19-20(人教版高考复习英语教案教学设计)

[教学目的]强化所学知识，温故知新，掌握一定的解题方法。

[教学重点]掌握重点词汇和短语。

[教学难点]同义词辨析

[重点词汇]：promise, pretend, offer, refuse, come out, include(contain), develop, describe, remove, support, cross, character, press, print, tie,

[重点词组]：pick up, agree to sth., lie to sb., throw away, call at, at the same time

enjoy doing, look down upon, to everyone’s surprise, find out, come out, cut…into, find out, the rest of., by doing sth., be+ adj.+ to do.

[重点句型和交际用语]：1. It seems that…. 6. I’m not sure.

2. I don’t think so. 7. Do you call that…?

3. That’s not fair. 8. How did… come out?

4. I believe…. 9. What’s the problem with…?

5. I guess…. 10. too+adj.+for sb./sth…(to do)

课时安排：第一课时：知识梳理

第二课时：词语归纳、拓展

第三课时：创新跨越训练

第四、五课时：《导学教程》练习

[重点语言点详解]

1. 1)agree with “同意,赞成” ，后接人或表示“意见；观点；看法”的词。

1>You’d better agree with your boss/her. 你最好还是同意老板/她的意见。

2>I completely agree with your views on this point. 在这一点上，我完全同意你的看法。

3>They don’t quite agree with my-methods(opinions,idea). 他们不太赞成我的办法。

>>agree with还可表示“与 一致”（气候，食物等）适合。

1>The verb must agree with the subject in person and number.动词在人称和数上必须与主语一致。

2>The climate here doesn’t agree with me. 这儿的气候我不适应。

2)agree to意为“同意 赞成”，后接表“提议；安排；计划”等的词。

1>Both of them agreed to my plan(proposal/suggestion) about the travel.

他们两个都同意我提出的关于旅行的计划（提议/建议）。

3)agree on“对 取得一致意见；在 方面同意或意见一致”，后常跟表具体的协议的文件、计划、行动等的名词。

1>Both parties agreed on the terms of the contract.双方就合同中的条款达成了一致意见。

4)agree to do sth.“同意做某事”

1>We agree to go there.

2>He agree not to attend the meeting.

5)agree + that表示“一致认为，同意”

1>We all agree that his idea is a fine one.我们一致认为他的主意不错。

2. cross

1)adj. 脾气不好的，易怒的

1>He has never heard cross words from his wife.他从妻子那里从没听见过气话。

2) vt. 跨过，穿过

1>If you cross the street alone, please be careful.你自己过马路，一定要当心。

3) n. 十字，十字架

1>The question is marked with a cross.那个问题被标了个十字。

3. pretend vt. + to do/that-clause（不定式和从句作宾语）

1>He lay down on the ground and pretended to be dead when the bear came near.

当熊走进时，他躺在地上装死。

2>She pretended not to have seen me when I saw her.

当我看到她时，她假装没看到我。

3>They pretended to be working hard when the old man entered the room.

当老人走进房间时，他们假装在努力工作。

4>I pretended not to know the secret.

我装着不知道这个秘密。

5>Before the enemy, he pretended that he didn’t know me.

在敌人面前，他假装不认识我。

6>Please don’t pretend that you know everything.

请你不要装着你什么都懂。

3．refuse vt. + n./pron./to do

1>She was sorry to refuse his invitation to the party.

她不好意思地拒绝了他发出的参加晚会的邀请。

2>He refused my help, and tried his best to do it himself.

他拒绝了我的帮助， 尽力自己干了起来。

3>they refuses to tell us their address and telephone number.

他们拒绝告诉我们他们的地址和电话号码。

4>I received an invitation yesterday but I refused to accept it.

昨天我收到了一份请贴， 但我拒不接受。

refuse+间接宾语+直接宾语

1>He refused me money.他不肯给我钱。

4．guess

1)动词guess 可直接带宾语，也可接at 介词短语，可接复合宾语或that从句。

1>Can you guess (at) the price?

2>Can you guess (at) his age?

3>I guess her to be over thirty.=I guess that she is over thirty.

注：习惯上在名词answer 或it前不用at。如：He guessed the right answer.（他猜出了正确答案。）You guess it.（你猜猜看。）

注：give a guess或 make a guess均表示“作一猜测”的意思。

2)guess 可用来表示“觉得”，“认为”，=think

1>I guess men’s hands and fingers are too big!

2>I guess it’s going to rain soon.

注：believe, suppose, guess, find, feel许多时候可接 that从句,在意思上相当于think。

5. character

1) a Chinese character意为“一个汉字”。

1>In the beginning (=At first) they used to carve Chinese characters on stones to record important dates in history.

起初他们常常把汉字刻在石头上以记载历史上的重要日子。

2) character表示小说、戏剧、电影等中的“人物，角色”。

1>I find all the characters in his new play amusing and interesting.

我觉得他着部新剧中的所有任务既逗人发笑又很有趣。

2>Jack was a remarkable character.杰克是个不寻常的人物。

3) character表示“特征”，“特性”。

1>What is the character of the chemical?这一化学物质有什么特性？

2>The two problems are quite different in character.

这两个问题在性质上是完全不同的。

4)character表示人的“性格”，“品质”。

1>He is a man of strong character.他是个性格刚强的人。

6. past

1) n.过去

1>He would like people to forget his past.

2)adj.过去的

1>The past week has been very interesting.

3)adv.（从旁）过去

1>They went past without noticing the board.

4)prep.过去，超过

1>It was five past eleven.

2>She is already past eighteen.

7. tie

1)tie to“捆，绑，拴”，也可引申为“约束，束缚”。

1>he tied the horse to the tree.

2>He is tied to his work all day.他整天都被工作缠着。

2)tie up“捆紧”；“绑起来”

1>Please tie up all these boxes.

2>The thief was tied up.

3) tie n.“领带，绳子”，也可引申为使人结合起来的某种“关系”。

1>He was wearing a red tie.

2>Please find me a tie to tie up all these books.

3)We are united by some invisible tie.我们被某种无形的纽带连结在一起。

8.invent

1)invent=create or design something not existing before，“发明”、“创造”

1>What happened before printing was invented? 在印刷术发明以前情况怎么样？

2>Edison invented the electric light. 爱迪生发明了电灯。

[注意]Invent指创造发明以前不存在的东西或方法，指发现不为人们所知但大自然实际存在的事物。

2)invent还可用来表示“虚构”或“捏造”一个情况，=make up or think of。

1>He invented an excuse for being late.他编造了一个迟到的借口。

2>The whole story was invented.整个故事都是虚构的。

9.press vt.& vi.按；挤；压

1>The shoe is pressing my toe.这只鞋挤我的脚趾。

2>If you want to start the computer, press this button.如果你想开电脑，请按此按钮。

3>The little boy pressed his nose against the shop window.

小男孩把鼻子紧贴在橱窗上。

4>He pressed my hand warmly when we met.我们见面时他热情地紧握我的手。

5>I don’t like shoes that press.我不太喜欢太紧的鞋子。

10.print vt. & vi.印，打上印记；印刷，付印，发表

1>The mark of the boy’s shoes is printed clearly in the mud.

哪个男孩的鞋印清楚地印在泥上。

2>That terrible accident was printed on my memory.那次可怕的事故牢记在我的心中

3>The top line of this page hasn’t been properly printed.这页上端一行印刷得不好。

4>This machine prints 2,000 pages in an hour.这部机器每小时印2,000张。

5>The new press prints rapidly.这台新的印刷机印得很快。

11.form

1)form v.“形成”、“建立”、“养成”的意思。

1>These pieces of bamboo or wood were tied together to form a book.

把这些竹片或木片系在一起就成了一本书。

2>A sentence is formed by putting words together in a proper order.

将单词以正确的顺序排列在一起就形成了一个句子。

3>Steam forms (is formed)when water boils.水一沸腾，蒸汽就形成了。

4>They formed(=set up) a trade union to organize all the workers.

为了把所有工人组织起来，他们建立了工会。

5>We have formed (=set up) a class for beginners in French.

我们成立了一个法语初级班。

6>His character was formed in his childhood.他的性格是从小养成的。

7>A good idea formed (was formed) in his mind.他脑子里有了一个好主意。

[注]form the habit of …=fall/get into the habit of…,在意思上接近。get used to…,表示“养成了习惯”。

He has formed the habit of taking notes in class.他已养成了上课记笔记的习惯。

2) n.“形状，形态”；“形式，方式”；“表格”。

1>Ice, snow and steam are different forms of water.冰、雪和蒸汽是水的不同形态。

2>This verb has two past forms.这个动词有两种过去时形式。

3>Please fill in the form in ink.请用钢笔填写这张表格。

搭配：take the form of…采取…的形式 in any shape or form无论什么形式

12.include

1)include vt. “包括”、“包含”

1>This plan includes most of your suggestions.这项计划里包括了你们的大部分建议

2>The group included two engineers and twenty workers.

这个队共有两名工程师和二十个工人。

[注] include +doing

My job doesn’t include making coffee for the boss.我的工作并不包括为老板煮咖啡。

2)including 作介词，后接名词、代词或名词性从句作宾语。 Included用作形容词，有被动含义，应放在名词/代词之后。试比较：

1>A lot people attended yesterday’s meeting, including 10 foreigners.

2>At least 20 persons got hurt, including 3 policemen.

3>All of us, Gary included, will make a trip to London next week.

13.by+doing “用……方式”、“凭靠……手段”

1>I make a living by teaching English at school.我以在学校教英语为生。

2>The boss has made a lot of money by selling building materials.

老板（通过）卖建筑材料赚了很多钱。

3>We can learn spoken English well by pactising speaking English a great deal both in and out of class. 通过课堂内外大量的讲英语训练，我们可以学好英语口语。

14.promise

1)vt. “答应”、“许诺”。

(1)promise+n./pron. promise sth., promise sb. sth.

1>He that promises too much means nothing.许愿太多的人是不打算兑现的。

2>I’m afraid I can’t promise you anything.恐怕我们什么也不能许诺给你。

(2)promise to do sth./promise sb. to do sth.

1>I never promised to obey her orders.我从未答应过要服从她的命令。

2>Promise me never to trouble me again.答应我决不再麻烦我。

(3)promise+that-clause,有时可带间接宾语。

1>He promised he would never do it again. 他答应以后再不这样干了。 2>He promised that he would pay back the money within two weeks. 他答应两周内还钱。

2)vi.

I’ll try to help him out, but I can’t promise.我将尽力帮助他，但我不能许诺。

3)link-verb, “预示着”、“有可能”

The clear sky promises fine weather tomorrow.请晴朗的天空预示着明天是个好天气

4.n. “诺言”，常作可数名词。

1>It’s easy to make a promise.许愿是容易的。

2>I’m sorry for having broken my promise.对不起，我食言了。

3>Give me your promise that you will never do it again.答应我以后再不那样干了。

[注]make a promise许诺, keep a promise遵守诺言, break a promise.违背诺言

15.too…for… 太过于

1>The dress is too small for me.

2>The question is too difficult for me.

3>The work was too much for him.

16.back to front穿反了

back to front是合成词，由“名词+介词+名词”构成，在句中作状语，如果词与词之间有连字符连接，相当于形容词。

The old man has on his sweater back to front.

联想：face to face 面对面的back to back背靠背的

side by side肩并肩的 hand in hand手拉手的

shoulder to shoulder肩并肩的 neck to neck齐头并进的，并驾齐驱的

相似词语辨析：

1. in surprise, to one’s surprise

1)in surprise意为“惊奇地”常位于动词之后作状语，表示方式。

1>John turned around and looked at me in surprise.约翰转过身来，惊奇地望着我。

2>“A farmer?” said the Frenchman in surprise.“农夫？”那个法国人惊奇地说到。

2)to one’s surprise /to the surprise of sb.意为“使人吃惊的是”、“出乎意料地”，常位于句首，作状语，表示行为的结果。类似的结构有：

to one’s joy/delight/pleasure使人高兴的是

to one’s sorrow使人悲伤的是

to one’s satisfaction使人满意的是

有时为了强调产生某种情感的程度，可在to 后面的名词前加great, deep 等形容词或在to前加副词much。

1>To the surprise of the young couple, they found the necklace missing.

使这对年轻夫妇惊奇的是， 他们发现项链不见了。

2>To their great joy, the sailors saw land at last. 水手们终于见到陆地了， 他们兴奋不已。

3>Much to my surprise, she failed in the examination.

使我非常奇怪的是，她考试没及格。

2. job, work, works,labour

1)job 常指具体一件工作，是可数名词。work泛指所有长期的或短期的需要体力或脑力的工作，是不可数名词，通常与job替换使用。如：

1>He did a lot of useful jobs/work.

2>I can not find work in this town.

3>Thousands of workers lost their jobs when the factory closed.

2)好的工作或特别困难的工作，习惯上用job,另外，quite a job也是表示特别困难的工作。如：

1>He has a good job in a bank.

2>It was quite a job (a difficult job) finding his lost child.

注：make a good/fine job of sth.做得好。

句型：look for a job寻找工作find a job找到一份工作ask for the job想要这份工作take the job接受这份工作

习惯用语：out of a job失业on the job工作着，忙碌着倒霉a bad(good)（幸运）事 do a job on sb./do sb’s job毁了某人

3)works 著作；作品 the works of Karl Marx卡尔*马克思的著作

The Complete Works of Lu Hsun 《鲁迅全集》works of literature and art文艺作品

>>works （建筑等）工程；[军]工事；[用作单或复数]工厂 e.g. public works公共建筑工程，市政工程the Ministry of Works 建筑工程部 defensive work(s) 防御工事 a cement works水泥厂

>>works活动的机件 e.g. clean the works of a clock擦洗钟的机件

>>works （神学用语）善行，德行

4)labour多指艰苦的、紧张的、劳累的体力劳动，也指脑力劳动。一般不用来指具体概念。如：

1>Labour creates the world. 劳动创造了世界。

2>He was well paid for his labour. 他干的活得到很好的报酬。

3. method, way, means

1>二者都可以表示“方法”。way是普通用语，指做事的方法，也可指思想方法，生活方式等。如：

<1>There’s only one way of doing this properly.

<2>The way she spoke hurt me.

<3>What is best way to make tea?

<4>That’s English way of living.

2) method 指系统的、具有一定理论性的方法，强调条理性和高效率。如：

>>method 后面可接to do sth./of doing sth.

<1>We must improve the method of teaching English.

<2>You should use different methods to solve different problems.

>>如果表达用什么方法，常用介词with或by搭配。

If you do it with this method, you’ll succeed.如果你用这种方法做，你会成功的。

>>way表示用什么方法时，常与介词in搭配而means则常与by搭配，也就是说in this way, by this means, with/by this method.

3. everyday, every day

1)everyday adj.常用作定语，意为“每日的；日常的”，如： everyday life（日常生活）,everyday English（日常英语）等。 2)every day是名词词组，常用作状语，意为“每天地；天天地”。

1>He can speak everyday English very well.

2>Teaching the students English is my everyday job.

3>I teach the students English every day.

4>The film is about American everyday life.

5>They go to school every day except Sunday.

[典型例题分析]

例1 I would love____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.

A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone

分析 此题中would love/like后须跟不定式，不接动名词作宾语，由此可排除C 、D。又 would love to do sth.表示现在或将来的愿望，显然与本题语境不符，因而排除A 。正确答案为B 。大意为：昨天晚上我本想参加那个晚会，但我不得不加班了几个小时来完成一份报告。would love to have done表示希望做但未能做成。

如：I’d like to have come over to see you last night, but someone called and I couldn’t get away.昨晚本想来看你，但有人找我，脱不开身。

例2 The house ____ doors and windows are all closed is for sale.

A. of which B. whose C. its D. that

分析 答案为B. 此题中的关系代词whose 指物，可与of which 替换，指人时可与of whom替换。如：

The new machine whose parts (=the parts of which) are too small to be seen is made in Shanghai.零件小得看不见的那部新机器是上海制造的。

>>如果用of which 代替题干中的whose,应写成：

The house the doors and windows of which are all closed is for sale.

门窗紧闭的那栋房子是出售的。

[高考真题选讲]

题1.She pretended _____ me when I passed by. (NMET89)

A. not to see B. no seeing C. to not see D. having not seen

分析 pretend后要跟不定式作宾语，不定式的否定形式是在 to 前加not。因此答案为 A 。

题 2 ---Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?

---_______.

A. I don’t believe B. I don’t believe it C. I believe not so D. I believe not

分析 本题答案为D。注意I believe not是省略形式，其完整的含义是I believe that it isn’t going to rain over the weekend.

题 3 ---_____ the sports meeting might be put off. (NMET95)

---Yes, it all depends on the weather.

A. I’ve been told B. I’ve told C. I’m told D. I told

分析 该题的考试目标是动词的时态和语态。从it all depends on the weather一句的时态和所告知的内容可以断定，应该用现在完成时的被动语态。答案为A。

题 4 _____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

A. There B. This C. That D. It (NMET95)

分析 在英语中为了保持句子平衡，常将较长的主语放在句尾（常由不定式短语或连接词引导的从句构成）。而将先行词it置于句首充当逻辑主语（或形式主语）。本题中真正的主语是that English is being accepted as an international language. 答案为D。

改错题： (carelessness)

1>He didn’t pass the driving test because of careless. After all, he is still a boy.

2>---How much does the book worth? ---$ 10. (is / worth-cost)

3>Do you still remember that afternoon when we spent together? (when)/-which/that

4>This is the girl his parents are both engineers. (whose)

5>He is ill in bed. Let’s go to call ^ him. (on)

6>To our surprises, he has got a good job in the company. (surprise)

7>At last the agreed with our suggestion about the work. (to)

8>He did do the work very well. That’s because he was praised. (why)

9>It’s very difficult of us to get there in time. (for)

10>The boy wanted to smoke, but his mother told him not ^. (to)

11>He gave me some informations on the computer. (information)

12>She is famous for her works and ^ a writer. (as)

13>Words written on animal bones are difficult to be read. ( be)

14>I’d like to be taking to the cinema to see the film. (taken)

15>---How long have you studied English? ---From 1990. (Since)

16>Now wood is used to making paper. (make)

对比填空：

1. job/work/works

1>In our factory he has a ____ as a cook. (job)

2>I have much ____ to do this evening. (work)

3>Teaching English at school is my _____. (job/work)

4>He’s been out of ____ for nearly two years. ( work )

5>The iron and steel ____ was closed for Christmas. (works )

6>The carved figure is an unusual ____ of art. (work)

2. included/including

1>A lot of students were praised at the meeting, Tom ___. ( included )

2>A lot of students were praised at the meeting, ___ Tom. ( including )

3>All kinds of food are ___ in the shopping list. ( included )

4>The rent is 70 dollars a month ___ water and electricity. ( including )

5>The price ____ postage then. ( included )

3. move/remove

1>He was ___ from his position as chairman. ( removed )

2>After entering the room, he ___ his hat and gloves. ( removed )

3>She ____the sofa to the corner. ( moved )

4>Don’t ___ about while I’m taking your phone. ( move )

5>What do you advise for ____ ink from my clothes. ( removing )

6>The audience were deeply ___ by the story. ( moved )

4. problem/question

1>The ____ is too difficult for him to answer. ( question )

2>The ____ is too difficult for him to work out. ( problem )

3>She couldn’t get the job, the ___ is that she’s a woman. ( problem )

4>---Can you make it that we must get there before 6 p.m.?

---No ______. ( problem )

5>There are many social ____ in America now. ( problems )

6>Last period our teacher ____ us on verbs. ( questioned )

单词拼写：

1. It’s impossible to stop the d_______ of society. (development)

2. He told all his friends about it, i_______ Jack. (including)

3. The wood f_______ tens of years ago. (formed)

4. I have never seen him and his name is also u_______ to me. (unknown)

5. The pot is made of m_______. (metal)

6. The farmers p_______ the oil from these beans. (pressed)

7. Wait a moment. The papers are being p_____ at present. (printed)

8. The teacher asked us to take out a s___ of paper and write words on it.(sheet)

9. The paper is made from fishing n________. (nets)

10. Is the ________ (发动机) made in China or in Japan? (engine)

篇13：新大纲考研英语词汇大纲复习策略

一、明确大纲要求考生掌握的词汇数量

《全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语》附录一中的5500词汇并非大纲中要求掌握的全部词汇数量，在此之外，在附录二中还有116个前缀后缀，这116个前缀后缀会和5500词汇中一部分很简单的基础词汇“排列组合”衍生出一些新的词汇，数量在2500左右，对于这2500词汇，同学们大可不必担心，只要先牢记5500词汇，再掌握必要的词根词缀知识，那么这部分2500新单词在记忆上就不会有什么困难。同时，附录二中还给出了一个专有名词词汇表，列出了若干国名，州名，人名等常用专有名词，对于该部分名词，同学们识记就好，在掌握上，不要求能够拼写，该部分词汇的考察主要体现在翻译题型中，且考察的分值比例很小。

二、明确5500词汇的组成及各部分考察的侧重点

附录一中的5500词汇主要包括两部分，即基础词汇与重点词汇。

基础词汇有个左右，主要指初高中词汇。从形式来看，初高中单词较短，单音节或双音节单词较多，在记忆上比起大学词汇要简单许多。然而，同学们需要注意的是，基础词汇的考察侧重点或者说难点并不在记忆这个层面上，因为从大纲对考研英语的考试要求来看，基础词汇的识记已经默认同学们已经掌握，基础词汇考察的侧重点体现在两个方面：

1.熟词生义

几乎每一个英语单词都不止有一个释义，有的单词甚至多答30多个释义，比如我们非常熟悉的go和come，在《新英汉大辞典》上，我们可以看到分别有41与17个释义，这其中，第1释义，即“去”和“来”是我们最熟悉的释义，但考研英语对词义的考察往往不是对第一释义的掌握，比如：As many people hit middleage,they often start to not ice that their memory andmental clarity are not what they used to be.(完形)“hit”作为我们的“熟词”在这里并不做“击打”的含义，而是“到达”的意思，再比如：The large,slow-growing animals were easy game,and wer equickly hunted to extinction.(Text2)”game”作为我们的熟词在这里也不是“游戏”的意思，而是“猎物”。对于熟词生义的考察，同学们首先要能够熟记单词的基本释义，即第一释义，在此基础上，对于经常考察的单词“生义”要有意识的善于总结，事实上，英语单词虽多，每个单词的释义也不止一个，但考研英语单词的数量，尤其是基础单词的数量毕竟是有限的，只要同学们坚持阅读，对于哪些单词的生义是经常出现的一定会逐渐了解的。

2.词义辨析

词义辨析的考察较多的体现在完形填空中，主要以词与词的意义辨析或词组与词组之间的意义辨析两种考察形式出现。对于汉语词义相近的单词，查看单词的英文释义往往可以帮助我们快速而清晰的了解汉语词义相近的单词在意义上的细微区别。而对于词组与词组之间的意义辨析，则需要我们在平时的学习中有意识的去积累，见一个记一个，只有有了量的积累，熟记常见词组的基本释义，才能保证我们在此类体型上游刃有余。

重点词汇有3500个左右，重点词汇又叫核心词汇，与大学英语六级词汇重合率较高，从形式上看，重点词汇类属的单词大都较长，很多为多音节单词，因此，识记便成为重点词汇的考察侧重点，对于重点词汇的记忆，这里推荐大家使用词根词缀记忆法，即在了解一定数量常见的前后缀和词根的基础之上，去识记重点词汇，词根词缀记忆法有助于同学们找到单词在组成上的逻辑与联系，理解的东西更容易被记住，且词根词缀记忆法来自于西方的词源学，是有理论支撑的，十分科学的单词学习记忆方法，能帮助同学们记忆重点词汇中约80%的单词，这也是为什么同学们应重视词根词缀记忆法的重要原因，而对于剩余的20%的单词，同学们则可以“八仙过海，各显神通”，用你此前掌握的记忆方法去记忆，但事实上，除词根词缀记忆法外，其它单词记忆法也只能帮助我们记忆约20%的重点单词。

除基础词汇和重点词汇外，还有约3%的超纲词汇会出现在真题的考察之中，对于这一部分超纲词汇，同学们不必刻意的花时间去复习，单独记忆超纲词汇，而应在阅读之中去总结记忆，见到一个记一个，但在掌握的要求上，不需要能够拼写，虽然考研英语大纲中所规定的词汇量是有限的，但可以肯定的是，词汇量越大，对于考试取得高分的帮助就越大。

1.针对考研英语新大纲定制的复习计划

2.考研英语最新大纲核心词汇

3.考研英语大纲复习方法

4.2017考研英语大纲复习建议

5.考研英语复习策略

6.考研英语词汇大纲

7.考研英语词汇怎么复习

8.考研英语词汇复习指南

9.考研英语词汇复习试题附答案

10.考研英语词汇复习计划

篇14：高三英语词汇双解及用法(人教版高三英语教案教学设计)

Unit 1 That must be a record

Words and expressions

beard n. the hair which grows on a man's face (下巴上的)胡须；络腮胡子

Sailors often grow beards. 船员常爱留胡子。

cheetah n. 猎豹；印度豹

sailfish n. 旗鱼

voyager n. 航行者；航海者；航天者；旅客

tight adj. firm so that you can not untie or undo it easily 紧的；牢固的

These shoes are too tight----I need a bigger pair. 这鞋太紧--我需要一双大一点的。

tightrope n.[c] 拉紧的绳索/钢索

a tightrope walker 走绳索 (表演) 者

gorge a deep, narrow passage with steep rocky sides; a ravine 峡谷

the Three Gorges 三峡

edition n.[c] form in which a book is published 版本；版次

The first edition of Robinson Crusoe was printed in 1719.

《鲁滨逊漂流记》第一版是在17出版的。

moustache n.[c] 髭(蓄在上唇之须)；小胡子=(美)mustache

have [wear] a mustache [a pair of mustaches] 留着小胡子 [留着八字胡]

Urumqi [uXrumqi] n. 乌鲁木齐(即迪化,中国新疆自治区首府省会)

brewery n. an establishment for the manufacture of malt liquors, such as beer and ale

啤酒厂 pl. breweries

conclude vt. to bring or come to an end 结束

The meeting was concluded yesterday. 会议昨天结束了。

vt. come to an idea after thinking 推断出；断定

We concluded that the animal was dead as it did not move.

我们断定这只野兽是死的，因为它一动也不动。

hire vt. pay to use something, or to use someone's help 租；雇佣

He hired a car with a driver. 他租了一辆带司机的汽车。

send in send to the proper person or authority; hand in 递送；呈送；提交

Have you sent in your application? 你的申请书送上去了吗？

set down to write down; copy; record in writing or printing 写下；抄下；记下

You had better set your idea down before you forget it.

你最好在未忘记以前把你的想法写下来。

feat n. an act of skill, endurance, imagination, or strength; an achievement 技艺；本领

feats of horsemanship 马术

a notable act or deed, especially an act of courage; an exploit 功绩

a feat of arms 战功

length n.[u] the distance from one end to the other 长；长度

What is the length of the car? 这辆汽车有多长？

hectare n. a metric unit of area equal to 100 ares (2.471 acres) 公顷 [等于100公亩(2.471英亩）]（合十五市亩）

athletic adj. of, relating to, or befitting athletics or athletes 运动（员）的

athletic sports 体育运动

adj. physically strong; muscular体格健壮的

an athletic girl 身强力壮的女孩

fade vi. to lose strength, colour, freshness, etc. 凋谢；褪色

Flowers fade when they come to an end. 花儿开过就凋谢了。

vt. cause to lose colour 使褪色

The sunlight has faded my tie. 阳光晒得我的领带褪了颜色。

in a row 一个接一个地；连续不断地

sit in a row 坐成一排

in the first place adv. 首先；第一

account n. saying or writing about what happened 叙述；描写；报道

He has given me an account of what happened. 他对我讲了事情的经过。

n. a record of money owned or owed in a bank, hotel, etc. 账目；账户

A shop keeper must keep accounts. 店主必须记账。

attempt vt. to try 尝试；试图；努力

They attempted to finish the work within a month. 他们试图在一个月内完成这项工作。

n. the act of trying 企图；试图

He made an attempt to pass the exam, but it was too difficult.他试图通过考试，但考试太难了。

suitable adj. right for a person, happening, place, etc合适的；恰当的

Thick clothes are not suitable for hot weather. 厚衣服不适于热天穿。

apply for ask for 申请; 请求

He applies to the consul for a visa. 他向领事申请签证。

inspect vt. look at something carefully 检查；细看

Ted inspected the car before he bought it. 特德仔细看了那辆车之后才买。

vt. visit people or places to see that work is done well 视察；参观

Several years later, they heard that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them.

几年以后，听说拿破仑本人要来视察他们。

confirm vt. make certain 证实；确认

The statement is confirmed by testimony. 这个说法由证据所证实了。

certificate n. piece of paper with writing that tells something about someone 证书；证明

I received this certificate when I passed the exam. 我考试及格以后领到了这份证书。

gradual adj. happening slowly and step by step; not sudden 逐渐的；逐步的

It didn't happen suddenly; the change was gradual. 这事情不是突然发生的，是逐渐变化的。

blank adj. empty; with no writing on it 空白的

Give me a blank sheet of paper, please. 请给我一张空白的纸。

n. a space left empty or to be filled in 空白处

Fill in the blank with prepositions. 用介词填空。

enthusiastic adj. with enthusiasm 热情的；热心的

The imperialists are enthusiastic about the war. 帝国主义者热衷于战争。

bid n.[c] the amount offered or proposed; an offer or proposal of a price投标；出价

Bids were invited for building the bridge. 为新桥的建造而进行招标。

vi. to make an offer to pay or accept a specified price 投标 (bid; bid)

Several companies will bid for/on the contract. 数家公司要投标争取合约。

decade n.[c] a period of 10 years十年

Prices have risen steadily during the past decade. 过去十年中价格已稳步地上涨。

committee n. small group of people chosen by others to plan and organize委员会

The bill has passed through the committee. 该提案已在委员会通过。

fascinate vt. to attact; to charm 使入迷；吸引

The monkeys in the zoo fascinated me. 动物园里的猴子使我着了迷。

burst vi. to break because of the force inside 炸破；胀破

The bag was so full that it burst open. 袋子那么满，都胀裂了。

vi. explode 爆炸

I had an accident when a tyre burst. 车胎爆了，我出了事故。

burst into begin suddenly or violently 突然开始；爆发出

They were so moved that they burst into tears. 他们都感动得哭了起来。

underline vt. draw a line under a word, sentence, etc.在（词、句子等）下面划线

Underline all the sentences you do not know. 在你不懂的句子下面划一条线。

globe n. anything round like a ball 球状物；地球；地球仪

I'm interested in studying the globe in my spare time. 闲暇时我对研究地球仪很感兴趣。

bush n.[c] plant like a short tree, with many branches灌木

My coat caught in a bush. 我的衣服被矮树丛钩往了。

n.[u] wild country with small trees 灌林地带；荒野

There is much bush in Australia and Africa. 在澳洲和非洲有许多未开发的丛林。

spaceman n. 宇航员；太空人

ramp n. an inclined surface or roadway connecting different levels. 斜面；斜坡

a place where a sharp change in level or direction occurs 弯道

skilful adj. experienced 熟练的；有技巧的；灵巧的

The child has become skillful in reading and writing. 那个小孩变得善于读写。

He is skillful with his fingers. 他的手指灵巧。

skateboard n. long piece of wood or plastic on wheels on which one stands while it runs quickly over the ground 滑板

skateboarder R n. 玩滑板的人

administration n. management, especially of business affairs; the activity of a sovereign state in the exercise of its powers or duties 经营；管理；行政

permission n.[u] allowing someone to do something允许；许可；同意

May I have permission to leave early? 可以让我早点走吗？

schoolmate n. a companion or an associate in one's school 同学；校友

They are my schoolmates. 他们是我的同学。

grandparent n. a parent of one's mother or father; a grandmother or grandfather (外）祖父（母）

recently adv. lately; not long ago 最近地；近来地

This book was published recently. 这本书是最近出版的。

familiar adj. usual, that you often see, hear, etc. 熟悉的；常见的

I am familiar with this idea. 我晓得这个意见。

The singer is familiar to every one of us. 这位歌唱家是我们大家熟悉的。

capture v. catch and hold someone or something 捕获；占领

Our army captured 1,000 of the enemy. 我军俘虏敌军一千人。

to attract and hold 吸引

tales of adventure that capture the imagination 引起想象的探险故事

centre on/upon 将某人/谋事当作中心/重点

factor n. any of the things that cause or bring about a certain result因素；要素

Time is an important factor to consider in cooking. 烹调过程中掌握时间是很重要的。

concentrate vt. bring together into one place 集中

We concentrated our forces against the enemy's position. 我们集中兵力攻击敌人的阵地。

vi. meet in a common centre 集中

He's tired and can't concentrate. 他累了，注意力不能集中。

concentrate on fix one's efforts and attention on把…集中在…上；全神贯注于

We are concentrating our efforts on socialist construction. 我们正集中力量建设社会主义。

helmet n. a head covering of hard material to protect the head头盔；钢盔；防护帽

The man on the motorcycle wore a helmet. 骑摩托车的人戴了一顶头盔。

teenage adj. of, relating to, or applicable to those aged 13 through 19 十几岁的；

青少年的

a teenage girl 一个十几岁的女孩

truly adv. really; sincerely; genuinely 真正地；真诚地；真心地

Are you truly happy in your work? 你真的对你的工作满意吗？

We are truly sorry for the inconvenience. 我们真心为不便感到抱歉

delight vt. make someone very pleased, happy, etc.给人快乐；使欣喜

Her dancing delighted everyone. 她的舞蹈使人人高兴。

n.[u] great pleasure or happiness 快乐；欣喜

She read the book with delight. 她读了这本书感到非常满意。

delighted adj. very pleased; happy高兴的；快乐的

I am delighted to see you. 见到你很高兴。

energetic adj. 精力旺盛/充沛的；充满活力的

an energetic person 精力充沛的人

an energetic performance 充满活力的演出

cautious adj. careful 小心的；谨慎的

The students should be cautious not to make any mistakes in spelling.

学生们拼写时应非常小心，以避免发生错误。

outgoing adj. eager to mix socially with others; friendly好交际的；外向的

an outgoing personality 开朗的性格

register v. to enroll officially or formally, especially in order to vote or attend classes; to set down in writing; record 登记；注册；记录

He registered the birth of his child. 他登记了孩子的出生日。

skim v. to read or glance through (a book, for example) quickly or superficially浏览；略读

The book is worth skimming through. 这本书值得浏览一下。

the Tour de France 环法自行车赛

Unit 2 Crossing limits

Words and expressions

evaluate vt. to examine and judge carefully; appraise; to ascertain or fix the value or worth of 评价；估计

The research project has only been under way for three months, so it's too early to evaluate its success. 这个研究项目进行了不过三个月,所以要对它的成绩作出评价为时尚早。

various adj. of different kinds各种各样的；不同种类的

There are various ways of cooking rice. 做米饭有各种不同的方法。

in the name of acting for 以…的名义；代表…

We're very glad to greet you in the name of the Chinese people.

我们非常高兴以中国人的名义向你们致意。

key adj. of crucial importance; significant 关键的；极重要的

key decisions 意义重大的结论 the key element of the thesis 论文的中心成分

origin n. beginning; start of anything 起源；来源

What was the origin of Man? 人类的起源是什么？

n. parentage, birth, or ancestors 出身；来历

He is a researcher of working class origin. 他是工人出身的研究员。

equip vt. put in a place, or give someone, all the tools, instruments, etc. that are needed 装备；配备

Our factory is equipped with modern machines. 我厂是用现代化机械装备的。

endeavor n. an earnest attempt 努力；尽力

We make every endeavor to satisfy our customers. 我们尽全力使顾客满意。

v. to attempt by employment of effort 努力；尽力

We must always endeavour to improve our work. 我们总要努力改进自己的工作。

puzzle n. problem; something that is difficult to understand; game where you must find an answer 难题；谜

It is a puzzle to me how he could come here. 我不知他是怎么到这里来的。

vt. make you think a lot because you do not understand it 使困惑；使糊涂

I am puzzled by the difficult question. 我被难题难住了。

wealthy adj. having much wealth富有的；富裕的

Wealthy men are not always happy. 有钱人未必总是幸福的。

Asian adj. native of Asia 亚洲(人)的

What's the difference between the Asian elephants and African elephants?

亚洲象和非洲象有什么不同

n. a native or inhabitant of Asia 亚洲人

in exchange for in the place of something that you have given to someone 交换；互换

I'll give you three sweets in exchange for an apple. 我拿三块糖换你一个苹果。

spice n. things like ginger, pepper, cinnamon, cloves, etc. that are put into food 香料；调味品（如姜、胡椒等）

Pepper is a spice. 胡椒是一种调味品。

Arab n. a native of Arabia 阿拉伯人

adj. of the Arabs or Arabia; Arabian 阿拉伯(人)的

westernmost adj. 最西 (端) 的

African n. a native or inhabitant of Africa 非洲人

adj. of or relating to Africa or its peoples, languages, or cultures 非洲(人)的

ambassador n. a diplomatic official appointed a as representative by one government to another 大使；使节

He was appointed ambassador to Japan. 他奉派为驻日大使。

Roman adj. of or relating to ancient or modern Rome or its people or culture

罗马(人)的

n. a native, inhabitant, or citizen of ancient or mod

ern Rome 罗马人

empire n. a group of countries under one ruler, usually an emperor 帝国

the Roman Empire 罗马帝国

rhinoceros n. 犀牛

horn n. a hard, pointed thing which grows on the head of some animals（羊、牛、鹿等动物的）角

Horns are usually in pairs, one on each side of the head.

角一般都是成对的，在头部两侧一边长一个。

n. an instrument for making loud warning noises 喇叭

The taxi driver blew his horn to tell us that he had arrived.

出租汽车司机按喇叭告诉我们他到了。

wander vi. to go from place to place with no special purpose 漫游；闲逛

The boys wandered around the town with nothing to do.

那些男孩无所事事，在镇上到处闲逛。

motherland n. one's native land 祖国

awareness n.[u] 觉察；意识；知道

awareness of one's ignorance 意识到自己的无知

existence n.[u] being 存在；生存

The tree owes its existence to soil. 树木依赖泥土生存。

accurate adj. conforming exactly to fact; errorless 准确的

deviating only slightly or within acceptable limits from a standard 精确的

Is this watch accurate? 这只表准吗?

navy n. all the warships of a country, with officers and men 海军

the army, navy and air force 陆、海、空军三军

treasure n. store of gold, silver, jewels, money, or other valuable things 财宝；财富

They were looking for buried treasure. 他们在寻找埋在地下的财宝。

fleet n. big groups of ships; a number of ships, airplanes, automobiles etc. moving together 舰队；船队；机群；汽车队

The Sixth Fleet of the United States Navy was ordered to the South Sea.

美国海军第六舰队受命驶向南海。

command n. an order; the act of commanding 命令；指挥

The policeman gave the command to stop. 警察下令停下。

n. ability to control; mastery 控制；精通

He has a good command of English. 他英语掌握得很好。

vt. order; control 命令；指挥；控制

The policeman commanded the car to stop. 警察命令汽车停下。

set sail (from/to/for) on a voyage 启航；扬帆

The liner set sail for New York at 8:30. 轮船在八时半启航开往纽约。

royal adj. of or relating to a monarch. 王室的；皇家的

a royal family/palace 王室/宫 a royal house 皇家

embassy n.[c] place where embassy people live and work 大使馆

To go to the United States, you must get a visa at the U.S. embassy.

你必须从美国大使馆得到签证才能去美国。

zebra n.[c] an African mammal related to the horse and having dark stripes on a light body 斑马

The zebra is a kind of horse that lives in Africa. 斑马是生活在非洲的一种马。

in return in exchange 作为回报

She presented me a dictionary in return. 她送给我一本词典作为答谢。

symbolic adj. of, relating to, or expressed by means of symbols or a symbol象征的；

符号的

The dove is symbolic of peace. 鸽子象征和平。

symbolic language 符号语言

volunteer n. someone who volunteers to do a job or to join the army 自愿者

That man is a volunteer fireman in this town. 那个人是这个镇里的志愿消防队员。

v. offer to do a job that is unpleasant, difficult, or dangerous 自愿从事

Two men volunteered to search for the missing climber.

两个人自告奋勇去寻找那位失踪的登山运动员。

radium n. a chemical element that gives off rays 镭

Radioactivity is a special quality of radium. 放射性是镭的一种特性。

sum n. an amount obtained as a result of adding numbers 总数；和

Eleven is the sum of six and five. 十一是六加五的和。

n. amount of money一笔（金额）

He paid a large sum for the house. 他出一笔巨款买了这所房子。

dam n.[c] a barrier constructed across a waterway to control the flow or raise the level of water 水坝；堤

There are several dams across the Huai River. 淮河上有几座水闸。

bring up look after and educate children, etc 教养；培养

I was brought up by my aunt. 我是我姑姑抚养成人的。

introduce to notice or consideration, mention 提出

Why don't you bring this up at the meeting? 你何不在会上提出这个问题？

horizon n. line where the earth or sea seems to meet the sky 地平线

The sun sank below the horizon. 太阳落到地平线以下了。

navigation n. the act of navigating; the passage of ships, etc. over the sea, etc. 航行；航海；航空

aerial navigation 空中航行；航空 ocean navigation 远洋航行

Korea n. peninsula in east Asia, extending south from northeast China 朝鲜；韩国

suggest vt. give someone an idea; say that something will be possible 建议；提议 I suggested that we (should) hold a meeting tonight. 我提议我们今晚开个会。

vt. bring to mind 使人想起；暗示

Smoke suggests fire. 有烟就有火。

accomplish vt. finish something; complete; carry out 完成；实现

You have accomplished a purpose. 你达到了目的。

apart from prep. with the exception of; besides 除…外；除…外还

Apart from the cost, it will take a lot of time. 除了费钱以外，还要花很多时间。

sickness n.[u] the condition of being sick; illness 疾病

Viruses and germs cause most sicknesses. 病毒与细菌引起大部分的疾病。

n.[u] be overcome by a feeling of sickness 恶心

unable adj. not able to do something不能的；不会的；无能为力的

He was unable to walk. 他不能走。

the Himalayas n. 喜马拉雅山脉

sacred adj. of god or religion; holy神圣的

A church is a sacred building. 教堂是一个神圣的处所。

Sherpa n. 夏尔巴人(西藏的一种族)

Tibet n. 西藏

honesty n. the condition or quality of being honest; freedom from deceit or cheating

诚实

(prov.) Honesty is the best policy. （谚）诚实为上策。

dedication n.[u] the act of dedicating奉献

His dedication to teaching gained the respect of his students.

他对教学的奉献得到了学生们尊敬。

n.[c] words used in dedicating a book or other work 题献；献词

The book's dedication reads “To Mother”. 本书献词写道：“献给母亲”。

ideal adj. very best, exactly right 完美的；理想的

This place is ideal for a picnic. 这个地方野餐最理想。

refer vi. speak about something 谈到；涉及；所指

This is not the dictionary which I referred to. 这不是我所指的那本词典。

vt. hand over to (someone) for a decision; send or direct to (someone or something) for help or action 呈交；提交

We refer the question to them. 我们把这个问题提交他们处理。

refer to 提到

Don't refer to that problem again, please. 请不要再提那个问题了。

run out become exhausted or used up; come to the end of a supply, etc. 被用完；耗完

The aircraft will run out of fuel in another hour. 飞机再过一小时燃料就将用完。

technological adj. 技术的

technological development 科学技术的发展

aircraft n. machine that flies; aeroplane; helicopter 飞行器；飞机

arise vi. happen; start发生；产生 (arose; arisen)

How did the quarrel arise? 争吵是怎样发生的？

vi. move upward; ascend 向上；上升

When I started off, the sun was arising. 我出发时太阳正在升起。

evidence n.[u] proof; something that shows what has happened and why it has happened 证据；证明

There is no evidence that he is guilty. 没有证据证明他有罪。

chairman n. the person who is in charge of meeting 主席；董事长

chairman of the meeting 会议主席 a bank board chairman 银行董事长

praise vt. say that something or someone is good表扬；称赞

The teacher praised Tom for his homework. 教员表扬汤姆的家庭作业做得好。

n. the act of saying that a person or a thing is good, words expressing admiration, applause

赞美；称赞 He had a lot of praise for Tom's work. 他十分称赞汤姆的工作。

Christopher Columbus [XkristRfR kRXlVmbRs] 克里斯托佛哥伦布(西班牙航海家)

Marco Polo [XmQkRu XpRulRu] 马可波罗(意大利旅行家)

Ceylon n. 锡兰(现称斯里兰卡)

Unit 3 The land down under

Words and expressions

Canberra n. 堪培拉(澳大利亚首都)

outback n. [the ～] (澳大利亚)内地 adj. 内地的

territory n. land that belongs to one government 领土；领域

This island is our territory. 这个岛是我国领土。

Queensland [‘kwI:nzlEnd] n. 昆士兰 (澳大利亚州名)

Victoria n. 维多利亚(澳大利亚州名)

Tasmania [tAz’meniE] n. 塔斯马尼亚(岛)（澳大利亚地名）

Aborigines n. (尤指澳大利亚的)土著居民

strait n. a narrow piece of water connecting two larger bodies of water 海峡

The strait is narrow. 这个海峡很窄。

Torres [‘tRrEs]Strait 托雷斯海峡

islander n. an inhabitant of an island 岛上居民

fellow adj. being of the same kind, group, occupation, society; having in common certain characteristics or interests 同事的，同类的

fellow workers 同事

n. people of the same sort, friends; a man 同类；伙伴；家伙

We are fellows at school. 我们是同学。

What a nice fellow he is! 他是个多么好的人啊！

Portuguese adj. 葡萄牙（人）的；葡萄牙语的 n. 葡萄牙人；葡萄牙语

Dutch adj. 荷兰(人)的；荷兰(语)的 n. [the ～] 荷兰人；荷兰语

claim vt. say that you should have something 要求

He can fairly claim to have more. 他可以正当地要求多给些。

vt. to say that something belongs to you 认领

I lost my umbrella, but claimed it at the lost property office.

我把伞丢了，后来在失物招领处认领回来了。

vt. state as a fact, despite objections; assert; maintain 声称

He claims to have written the article in two days. 他声称只用两天就把文章写成了。

n. a demand for something to which one has a real or supposed right 要求

They made a claim for higher pay. 他提出更高报酬的要求。

criminal n. a person who has done something seriously against law 罪犯；犯人

The judge imposes a punishment on the criminal. 法庭处罚这个罪犯。

adj. law breaking 犯罪的

Criminal parents could corrupt any child. 犯罪的父母可使孩子变坏。

govern v. to make laws for a country, to rule统治；治理

Who governs this country? 谁治理这个国家？

governor n. someone who rules a state or province 州长；省长；总督

Who is the Governor of Hong Kong? 香港总督是谁？

newcomer n. one who has only recently arrived 新来的人；新手

a newcomer to the big city 刚来到大都市的人

a newcomer to politics 政界的新人

as a consequence (of) in consequence 作为/由于……的结果；因而

She worked hard at her lessons and as a consequence got high marks.

她努力学习功课，因而得了很高的分数。

resemble vt. to exhibit similarity or likeness to 像；类似

She resembles her mother in the way she moves her hands when she talks.

她说话时打手势的动作像她妈妈。

commonwealth n. 共和国；联邦；共同体

the Commonwealth of Australia 澳大利亚联邦

diverse adj. differing one from another; different 不同的；多种多样的

have diverse interests 有多种兴趣

transform vt. change the shape of someone or something; make something look different 改变；转变

Heat can transform water into steam. 热能使水变为蒸汽。

immigration n.[u] the act of coming into a country; the place where you enter a country移民

After the Customs, you must show your passport to the office at Immigration.

通过海关之后，你必须在移民局出示你的护照。

strengthen vt. to make strong or increase the strength of 加强

The fence was strengthened with wire. 这堵围栏用金属丝加固了。

vi. to become strong or stronger 变强

Our enemy has greatly strengthened during the truce talks. 和谈期间，敌人力量已大为增强。

differ vi. not to be the same 不同；相异

I must differ from you. 我不能同意你的意见。

pronunciation n. how you say a word or words 发音

His pronunciation is very bad. 他的发音很糟。

vocabulary n.[c] all the words in a language 词汇

He has a vocabulary of only a few hundred words. 他掌握的词汇只有几百个字。

n.[c] list of words in a lesson or book 词汇表

There is an English Chinese vocabulary at the end of the book. 书末附有英汉词汇表。

n.[c] all the words that one person knows 词汇量

A young child has a small vocabulary. 小孩子的词汇量小。

mate n.[c] friend; someone who works or learns, etc. with you 伙伴；同事

His mates waited for him by the gate. 他的同事在门口等他。

n.[c] husband or wife 配偶

She has been a faithful mate to him. 她一直都是他忠实的妻子。

v. to join closely; pair. (使)密切结合；(使)配对

sheila [5Fi:lE] n. ( Australian) a girl or young woman 少女；少妇

female n.[c] woman or girl; animal that can have baby animals; plant that has fruit 女子；雌性植物

A daughter is a female child. 女儿是女性孩子。

adj. of, relating to, or denoting the sex that produces ova or bears young. 女的；女性的

wilderness n. an unsettled, uncultivated region left in its natural condition荒野；荒地

billabong n. a dead-end channel extending from the main stream of a river死河；

干河道

aboriginal adj. of or relating to aborigines 土著的

aboriginal races 原始种族

concept n. a thought; an idea; a general notion 概念；观念

A small baby has no conc ept of right and wrong. 小孩不懂什么是正确和错误。

break out start suddenly 爆发；突然发生

A fire broke out near here yesterday. 昨天此地附近发生了一场火灾。

chew vt. to bite and grind with the teeth; masticate 咀嚼

You must chew your food well before you swallow it. 你吞下食物以前必须要好好咀嚼。

vt. to meditate on; ponder 深思

The judge chewed the matter over before making a decision. 法官在判决前仔细考虑过此事。

chairwoman n. a woman presiding officer of an assembly, meeting, committee, or board 女主席；女董事长

feed ... on to serve as food for 喂养；饲养

We feed the sheep on grass. 我们给羊吃草。

koala n. 树袋熊；考拉(澳洲产无尾熊，即koala bear)

entire adj. complete; whole; without anything left out 完全的；整个的；全部的

The ship sank with the entire crew. 轮船及全体船员都沉没了。

Alaska n. 阿拉斯加(美国州名)

mine n.[c] big hole in the ground that people make when they are looking for coal,

metal, diamonds, etc. 矿井

There are many coal mines in the north. 北方有许多煤矿。

n.[c] a bomb placed in the ground or water for destroying enemy soldiers or ships 地雷

The lorry was destroyed by a land mine. 这辆卡车被一个地雷炸毁了。

v. dig for coal, gold, etc. in the ground 采矿

Gold is mined from deep under ground. 黄金是在很深的地下采的。

fence n.[c] a barrier round a garden or field 篱笆；围栏

We built a fence around the yard to keep the dog in.

为了不让狗出去我们在院子四周筑起一道篱笆。

dingo n. 澳洲野犬

round up to bring together; to collect in one place 赶拢；使集拢

They try to round up a scattered herd of cattle. 他们试图把分散的牲口赶在一起。

outdoors adv. in the open air, outside 在野外；在户外

They often worked outdoors. 他们常常在户外工作。

birthplace n. the place where someone is born or where something originates

出生地；发源地

outing n.[c] short journey to enjoy yourself 出外游玩；短途旅行

The children had plenty of outings during the summer. 孩子们夏天常外出游玩。

lemonade n. a drink made of lemon juice, water, and sugar 柠檬水

barbecue a social gathering, usually held outdoors, at which food is cooked over an open flame 户外烤肉餐；烧烤

vt. to roast or grill (meat or seafood) over live coals or an open fire 烧烤

roast vt. to cook with dry heat, as in an oven or near hot coals 烘烤

The meat is roasting. 肉正烤着。

adj. roasted 烘烤过的

roast duck. 烤鸭

steak n. a thick slice of meat or fish cut for frying, grilling, etc 肉排；鱼排 (尤指)牛排 =beefsteak

barrier n.[c] a divider between two things障碍

The police put a barrier across the road. 警察设了路障。

the Great Barrier Reef 大堡礁

logical adj. reasoning; reasonable 合逻辑的；合乎情理的

His argument seems logical. 他的论据似乎有道理 [合逻辑] 。

wombat n. 袋熊

pointed adj. with a sharp end尖的

That is a pointed stick. 那是一根尖棍。

adj. sharp; clear and direct 直截了当的；率直的

His pointed remarks about the party were not polite. 他对聚会直率的议论显得很不礼貌。

claw n. one of the pointed nails on the feet of some animals and birds; hand on a crab, etc. （禽兽）爪；脚爪；（蟹等）钳；螯

Cats have very sharp claws. 猫有着锋利的脚爪。

A crab has two claws. 螃蟹有两个钳。

v. to scratch, dig, tear, or pull with or as if with claws 搔；挠；抓

The cat clawed the chair. 猫用爪子抓椅子。

hairy covered with hair or hairlike projections 多毛的；(似)毛发的

a hairy caterpillar 一条毛茸茸的毛虫

medium adj. middle, not big and not small 中等的

He is a man of medium height. 他是一个中等身材的男人。

bushy adj. covered with bushes 灌木丛生的

Unit 4 Green world

Words and expressions

procedure n. a manner of proceeding; a way of performing 程序；手续

This is the correct procedure for obtaining a visa. 这是取得签证的正确程序/手续。

a series of steps taken to accomplish an end 步骤

a long therapeutic procedure 长期治疗过程

tulip n. 郁金香

rose n.[c] a beautiful flower, which is red, white or yellow 玫瑰(花)；蔷薇(花)

Father planted roses along one side of the garden. 父亲沿着花园的一边种了玫瑰。

You lie upon roses when young, you'll lie upon thorns when old. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

peony n.[c] 牡丹；芍药

She blushed like a peony. 她脸红得像一朵牡丹花。

strawberry n.[c] small, soft, red fruit 草莓

Her favourite fruit is strawberry. 她最喜欢的水果是草莓。

lemon n. 柠檬

a slice of lemon 一片柠檬

bunch n. a number of things of the same kind fastened or growing together 串；束

a bunch of flowers 一束花 a bunch of grapes/keys 一串葡萄/钥匙

merely adv. only仅仅；只不过

I didn't stop to speak to him--I merely smiled. 我没有停下来和他说话--我只是微微一笑。

herb n. 草药；草本植物；香草

classify vt. to arrange or organize according to class or category 分类

We usually classify types of character as good or bad.

我们通常把 (人的) 性格之类型分为善与恶。

identification n. the state of being identified 鉴别；验明

the identification of high yielding seeds 高产量种子的鉴别

n. proof or evidence of identity 身份证明(缩写 ID)

His only means of identification was his passport. 他唯一证明身份的证件就是他的护照。

male adj. of the sex that does not give birth to young ones 男（性）的；雄性的

A cock is a male bird. 公鸡是雄性家禽。

n. man or boy; animal that cannot have baby animals; plant that does not have fruit 男人；雄性动物/植物

A bull, a cock and a he goat are males. 公牛，公鸡，公羊都是雄性动物。

promote vt. to contribute to the progress or growth of 促进；推进

Kindness promotes peace. 亲切的行为可以促进和睦。

vt. to raise to a more important or responsible job or rank 提升

Our teacher has been promoted to headmaster. 我们的老师已被提升为校长了。

botanical adj. of or relating to plants or plant life; of or relating to the science of botany 植物的；植物学 (上) 的

the botanical garden(s) 植物园

privilege n. a special advantage, permission, right, or benefit granted to or enjoyed by an individual, a class 特权；优惠

Our members have the privilege of using the lending service of the library.

我们的会员有享受图书馆借书服务的特权。

cozy adj. comfortable; easy 舒适的；安逸的

I felt cozy watching the hearth fire. 看着炉火我感到温暖而舒适。

appetite n. a desire for food 食欲；胃口

Exercises give one a good appetite. 运动增进食欲。

n. a strong wish or liking 爱好；欲望

He has an appetite for writing. 他好从事写书。

wealth n.[u] (lots of) money; valuable things 财富；财产

Some were owners of great wealth and property. 有些人拥有万贯家财。

Oceania n. the Pacific Islands 大洋洲

appointed vt. to select or designate to fill an office or position 任命；委派

We must appoint a new teacher at once to the mountain school.

我们必须立即委派一名新教师到那山村小学去。

vt. to fix or set by authority or by mutual agreement 约定；指定

They appointed a place to exchange stamps. 他们约定一个地方交换邮票。

Venus n. the second planet from the sun 金星

n. (Roman Mythology) the goddess of sexual love and physical beauty

维纳斯(罗马神话中爱与美的女神)

the V of Milo 米罗的维纳斯雕像

calculate vt. find an answer by working with numbers 计算

Let me calculate the cost of the journey. 让我计算一下旅途的用费。

astronomy n. the scientific study of matter in outer space 天文学

expense n. the act of spending money; cost; money used or needed for sth.花费；

支出；代价；费用

The expense of running a car has risen recent years.近几年来使用汽车的费用增加了。

look our for to be careful of 当心；注意；警惕

Look out (for the car)! 留神(汽车)！

on a large scale 大规模地；大范围地

cocoa n. brown powder from the beans of a tree, made into chocolate 可可粉

n. drink that you make with cocoa powder and milk 可可茶

hemp n. 大麻

involve vt. to contain as a part; include 包括；涉及

All the children were involved in the school play. 所有的孩子都参加了学校排练的剧。

vt. to engage as a participant 使牵涉；使卷入；使参与

Don't involve other people in your trouble. 别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。

enterprise ] n. an undertaking, especially one of some scope, complication, and risk; a business organization 事业；企业

government enterprise 公/国营企业 private enterprise 私/民营企业

small-to-medium-sized enterprises 中小企业

settlement n. group of homes in a place where no people have lived before 拓居地；定居点

The first settlements were on the east coast of America. 最初的殖民地是在美洲的东海岸。

n. agreeing about something after discussing it 解决（方案）

After long talks about pay, the managers and workers reached a settlement.

就工资进行长期谈判后，劳资双方达成一项解决办法。

Kew [kju:] n. 克佑(伦敦之西郊,为皇家植物园之所在地)

accumulate vt&i. to gather or pile up; amass; to mount up; increase

积累；聚集

He accumulated a fortune by hard work. 他靠努力工作积蓄了一笔财富。

Snow accumulated to a depth of 10 feet. 雪已积到十尺深。

abandon vt. leave someone or something; give up; desert 离弃；放弃；抛弃

The driver abandoned his car in the snow. 司机把汽车抛在雪地里。

straw n. dry, cut stalks of wheat, etc. 稻草；麦秆

Everyone of us had a straw hat on. 我们人人都戴草帽。

n. thin tube of paper or plastic for drinking a cold drink 麦管；吸管

He sucked Coke through a straw. 他用吸管吸可口可乐。

pineapple n. 凤梨；波萝

year after year adv. 年年；一年又一年(= year in year out)

We have visited this island year in year out and we never get bored.

我们在这个岛上参观很长时间，但我们没有厌烦。

classification n. the act or result of classifying; a category or class分类；类别

pass away die 去世

He passed away during the night. 他在晚间逝世。

Oxford n. 牛津[英国牛津郡 (Oxford shire) 的首府, 为牛津大学 (Oxford又作Oxford University) 所在地]

tone n. a sound; the quality of a sound; the voice, as expressing feeling音调；语调

She spoke in an angry tone. 她用恼怒的口气说话。

reward n. present or money that you give to thank someone for something 报酬；报答

He was given a reward for passing the examination. 他因考试及格而得到奖品。

He worked hard all his life but without much reward. 他辛勤一生，但得到的报酬却很少。

vt. give something in return for 酬谢；奖赏

He was well rewarded by the kind things people said about him.

人们表扬了他，这就是对他很好的奖励。

name… after 给……取名；命名

technician n. expert who works with machines, instruments or tools技术员；技师

Charles Darwin 查理士达尔文(英国自然科学家) beagle n. 小猎犬

nowhere adv. at, in, or to no place; not anywhere 任何地方都不；什么地方也没有

He was nowhere to be found. 什么地方也找不到他。

n. an unknown place 不知道的地方：

a cabin in the middle of nowhere 不知在什么中心的小屋

altogether adv. on the whole; all things considered 总共；总而言之

There were five of us altogether. 我们共有五人。

Altogether, the book is quite interesting. 总的说来，这本书相当有趣。

adv. totally; completely 完全；全部地

Some of what you say is true, but I don't altogether agree.

你说的有些是真的，但我不能全都同意。

finch n．雀科鸣禽

beak n. 鸟嘴

appearance n. what someone or something looks like 外貌；外表

Do not judge by appearances. 别从外貌判断事物。

n. being seen; coming 显露；出现

At the sight of his appearance on the stage, the hall rang with thunderous applause.

他一出场，礼堂里就掌声雷动。

output n.[u] amount of things that you have made 产量；产品

We must increase our output to meet people's needs. 我们必须增加产量来满足人们的需要。

dandelion n. 蒲公英

latter adj. 后者

Of the two, the former is better than the latter. 两者之中前者较后者为佳。

distinguish vt.& vi. show the difference in; show the difference; make a distinction 区别；辨别

He could not distinguish cotton from wool. 他不能辨认是棉花还是羊毛。

You are confusing things, let me distinguish. 你把事情越弄越糟，让我来把它区分出来。

in detail with all the facts 详细地

The teacher explained the text in detail. 老师详细地解释了课文。

millimeter [`milimitE] n. 毫米

Carl Linnaeus [`kB:l li`nI:Es] 卡尔林尼厄斯(瑞典植物学家)

Daniel Solander [ sE`lAdE] 丹尼尔索兰德(瑞典植物学家)

Tahiti n. 塔希提岛(位于南太平洋)

Galapagos [gE`lApEgEs] n. 加拉帕戈斯(群岛)

Gregor Mendel [`gregE `mendl] 格雷戈门德尔(奥地利遗传学家)

Gote Turesson [`ge:tE tE`ri:sn] 约特杜尔松(瑞典植物学家)

Unit 5 Getting the message

Words and expressions

convey vt. carry; take from one place to another; transport 传送；运载

A bus conveys passengers from the train to the boat. 一辆公共汽车把旅客从车站送到码头。

vt. serve as a means of carrying; conduct; transmit 转达；表达

Please convey my thanks to your wife. 请向你的妻子转达我的谢意。

advertise vt. to make public announcement of, especially to proclaim the qualities or advantages of (a product or business) so as to increase sales 做广告

It has been advertised in the magazine. 已在杂志上刊登了广告。

vi. to call the attention of the public to a product or business做广告

The company advertised for a new secretary. 公司登广告招聘一名新秘书。

advertiser n. 广告商；登广告者

The report gives advertisers a new picture of women today.

这份报告使广告商对今日妇女有了新的认识。

brand n.[c] a trademark or distinctive name identifying a product or a manufacturer商标；牌子

What brand of soap do you like? 你喜欢什么牌子的肥皂？

consideration n.[u] thinking about something 考虑

After much consideration, I accepted the offer. 经过仔细考虑我接受了这个提议。

n.[u] being thoughtful and careful about people's feeling 体谅；关心

We should have consideration for the rights of others. 我们应当为别人的权利着想。

take …into consideration 考虑……

charge n. words that a policeman says when he catches someone who has done wrong 指控；控告

The man went to court on a charge of stealing. 这人被指控盗窃，进了法院。

n. payment asked for something 收费；要价

These books are free of charge. 这些书是免费的。

n. responsibility; trust 责任；委托

I put the children in your charge. 我将孩子委托你照顾。

in charge of 负责

I am in charge of this department. 我负责这一部门。

loss n. losing 丧失；丢失

He told the police about the loss of his car. 他告诉警察他的小汽车丢了。

n. something that is lost; waste 损失；浪费

His death is a great loss to the country. 他的逝世对国家是一个巨大的损失。

blame vt. to say that a person did something wrong 责怪

The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident. 那次交通事故不应该责怪司机。

n. the state of being responsible for a fault or an error; culpability 责备；谴责

The car driver took the blame for the accident. 汽车的司机承担了事故的责任。

mislead to lead into error of thought or action, especially by intentionally deceiving 使误解；使误入歧途

Don't let his friendly manner mislead you into trusting him.

不要让他那种友好的态度使你误信他。

misleading adj. tending to mislead 使人误解的；欺骗的

Your words were rather misleading. 你所说的话颇容易引起误解。

broadcast vt. to send out or communicate, especially by radio or television播放；播出 (broadcast, broadcasted; broadcast, broadcasted)

The agency broadcast an urgent appeal for medical supplies.

代理商通过电台紧急呼吁要求药品供应。

vi. to transmit a radio or television program for public or general use; to be on the air播放(节目)

The station begins broadcasting at 6 a.m. 电台早晨 6:00开始播音

post vt. fasten (a notice) up in a place where it can easily be seen 张贴

The names of the members of the team will be posted up today.今天将贴出这个队成员的名单。

hand in hand holding each other's hands; together 手拉手；共同地

They walked away hand in hand. 他们手拉手地离去了。

react vi. to act in response to or under the influence of a stimulus or prompting:反应；作出反应

Our eyes react to light. 我们的眼睛对光起反应。

vi. 反对；反抗[against]

The people soon reacted against the cruel system. 人们不久便起来反抗暴政。

annoy vt. to cause slight irritation to (another) by troublesome, often repeated acts

使生气；使烦恼

These flies are annoying me. 这些苍蝇真让人讨厌。

vi. to be annoying 招人讨厌；惹人烦恼

A fly keeps annoying. 一只苍蝇总在烦我。

annoying adj. causing vexation or irritation; troublesome 讨厌的；恼人的

an annoying cough 一声恼人的咳嗽

critic n.[c] a person who is critic by profession 批评家，评论家

These critics have agreed to his arguments. 这些评论家已同意他的论点。

accuse vt. charge with doing something wrong or having broken the law 控告；告发

She accused him of theft. 她控告他行窃。

associate vt. to connect or join together; combine联合；结合；联系

They are associated with him in business. 他们在工作上与他有关系。

vi. to connect in the mind or imagination 联想

What do you associate with such a heavy snow? 这样一场大雪你有什么联想?

get across (a viewpoint, etc.) become clear or understandable; make(a viewpoint,etc.)clear or understandable 被人理解；传播

He got his meaning across. 他把意思讲清楚了。

appeal vi. to make an earnest or urgent request, as for help恳求；呼吁

The government is appealing to everyone to save water. 政府呼吁每个人节约用水。

vi to make or apply for an appeal 上诉，申诉

The victims' families of the murder have appealed to the Supreme Court.

谋杀案的被害家属已经上诉最高法院。

vi. to be attractive or interesting 有感染力；有吸引力

Does the idea of working for a venture company appeal to you?

你有没有兴趣到合资企业去工作?

n. an earnest or urgent request, entreaty, or supplication 呼吁；恳求

n. a resort or application to a higher authority, as for sanction, corroboration, or a decision

呼吁；上诉

a court of appeal 上诉法庭 a direct appeal 直接上诉

n. the power of attracting or of arousing interest 吸引力；感染力

a city with appeal for tourists 对游客有吸引力的城市

appeal to v. 呼吁；上诉；有吸引力

He appealed to us for support. 他恳求我们的支持。

This poem makes an appeal to the emotions. 这首诗有动人情感的力量 [有感染力] 。

frequent adj. common, habitual, repeated many times 常常发生的；频繁的

Snows are frequent in this area during December. 这个地区十二月下雪是常事。

figure n.[c] a written sign for a number 数字

The figures are not accurate. 这些数字不精确。

n.[c] how much money something costs 价格

We bought the house for a high figure. 我们高价买了这栋房子。

n.[c] a shape or drawing 图形；画像

That is a geometrical figure. 那是个几何图形。

n.[c] shape of a person or animal in stone, metal, or wood 塑像，雕像

This is the figure of Lu Xun in marble. 这是鲁迅的大理石雕像。

n.[c] a person, a character, 人物

He was one of the great figures in history. 他是历史上的伟大人物之一。

salesman n. someone whose job is to sell goods售货员；推销员

The salesman showed her nearly all the hats in the shop.

该店员几乎将店中所有帽子都拿给她看了。

saleswoman n.女售货员；女推销员

profit n. the return received on a business undertaking after all operating expenses have been met盈利；利润

Newspapers make a profit from [out of] the advertisements they carry.

报纸由其所刊登的广告获取利益。

v. 有利/益于

A wise person profits by [from] his mistakes. 智者由自己的过失中得到教益。

It will not profit you to do so. 那样做对你不会有益处的。

campaign n. a battle战役

a campaign to take the enemy city 攻克敌人城市的战役

n. a movement with a political or business purpose （政治或商业上的）运动；活动

a campaign to stop people drinking when they drive 禁止人们在开车时饮酒的运动

an advertising campaign 广告活动

vi. take part or serve in a campaign 从事活动；参加运动

They campaigned for human rights. 他们参加了人权运动。

policy n.[c] the general plan of a government, business, company, etc. 方针；政策

What is the government policy on education? 政府的教育政策是什么？

n. a course of conduct; a plan of action 计策

Honesty is the best policy. 诚实是上策。

spokesman n. a man who speaks on behalf of another or others发言人；代言人

spokeswoman n. a woman who speaks on behalf of another or others

女发言人；女代言人

illegal adj. wrong, not allowed by law 不合法的；犯法的

It is illegal to drive when you are drunk.. 喝醉了酒开车是违法的。

keep an eye out for 当心；警惕

bait n. 诱饵；鱼饵

target n. what you are trying to hit when you shoot a bullet or arrow 靶子；目标

The hunter's target was a wild animal. 这个猎人的目标是一只野兽。

n. something we aim to do or get 目标；指标

This book will be the target of bitter criticism. 这书会成为严格批评的对象。

bullet n.[c] a shot fired from a gun 子弹；枪弹

Every bullet has its billet. 每颗子弹都有归宿。

sneaker n. a sports shoe usually made of canvas and having soft rubber soles运动鞋

nutritional l adj. 营养(品)的

nowadays [`nauEdeiz] adv. during the present time; now 现在；当今

Nowadays, advertisements can be found everywhere in any big city.

现在,在任何一个大城市里,到处都可以看到广告。

nephew n. son of your brother or sister 侄子；外甥

He was a nephew of my friend. 他是我朋友的侄子。

waitress n.[c] a woman or girl who serves food in a restaurant女服务员

The waitress is bringing the soup. 女服务员正把汤端来。

hostess n. a female host; the wife of the host女主人

The hostess brought us out a pot full of steaming coffee.

女主人给我们拿出一满壶热气腾腾的咖啡。

bridegroom n. a man who is about to be married or has recently been married新郎

heroine n. most important woman in a story, play, etc. 女主角；女主人公

n. very brave woman or girl女英雄

goddess n. female god 女神

Venus was a goddess worshipped by the Romans. 维纳斯是罗马人信奉的女神。

promotion n. the act of promoting or the fact of being promoted促进；促销

the promotion of learning 学术的促进

n. advancement in rank or responsibility 晋升

Our teacher has got a promotion. 我们的老师被提升了。

attach vt. to fasten, secure, or join系；附；粘[to, on]

The clerk attached a price tag to each article. 店员给每一件商品系上标价签。

vt to adhere, belong, or relate.附属 [to]

This hospital is attached to our medical department. 这所医院附属于我们医学系。

vt. to ascribe or assign 认为有（重要性等）

attached no significance to the threat 不重视这种威肋

legend n. an unverified story handed down from earlier times, especially one popularly believed to be historical 传奇；传说

There is a legend that… 有一个传说,说是…。

slogan n. a phrase expressing the aims or nature of an enterprise, an organization, or a candidate; a motto标语；口号

a phrase used repeatedly, as in advertising or promotion 广告语

catchy adj. attractive or appealing 吸引人的

a catchy idea for a new television series 为一部新电视系列剧出的吸引人的主意

adj. tricky; deceptive 有圈套的；欺骗的：

a catchy question on an exam 考试中设有陷阱的题目

point out tell about or show something 指出

He pointed out the importance of the work. 他指出这一工作的重要性。

discount vt. to sell or offer for sale at a reduced price 打折

n. a reduction from the full or standard amount of a price or debt 折扣

n. attributive. often used to modify another noun（定语名词）

a discount market; discount merchandise 打折商场；打折商品

make sense have a meaning that you can understand 有意义；讲得通

I can't follow these instructions----they don't make sense.

我不理解这些指示--根本讲不通嘛。

bonus n. something given or paid in addition to what is usual or expected 额外给予的东西

n. a sum of money or the equivalent given to an employee in addition to the employee's usual compensation 奖金

n. a sum of money in addition to salary that is given to a professional athlete for signing up with a team 津贴

Those who put in many hours of overtime will receive a percentage of their salary as a bonus.

那些付出许多加班时间的人将得到相当于其工资的一部分作为奖金。

context n.[c] the parts directly before or after a word or sentence上下文

We can often tell the meaning of a word from its context.

由上下文，我们可以知道一个字的意思。

Tetsuya Komuro [`testjB: `kRmurEu] 小室哲哉

Unit 6 Going west

Words and expressions

perseverance n. steady persistence in adhering to a course of action, a belief, or a purpose; steadfastness 毅力；坚持

Great works are performed, not by strength, but perseverance.

伟大的作品不是靠力量而是靠毅力来完成的。

quit vt. to give up; abandon 放弃

He has not quit smoking, but is holding down to three cigarettes a day.

他并没有戒烟,但是已减到每天只抽三支烟了。

vt. to depart from; leave 离开

You and I are on the point of quitting the theater of our exploits.

你我正在离开我们辉煌业绩的舞台。

vt. to cease or discontinue 停止；中断：

The teacher asked them to quit talking. 老师要求他们不要说话。

apply (…) to … use; put into practice 应用；运用

We should apply theory to practice. 我们应当把理论运用到实践中去。

add up find the total of 总计；加起来

Add up 6,7 and 8 and you'll get 21. 把六、七、八相加，总数是二十一。

circumstance n. a condition or fact attending an event and having some bearing on it 环境；情况(常用复数形式)

It depends on [upon] circumstances. 这要视情况而定。

lose heart become discouraged 沮丧；灰心

Don't lose heart at any failure, but try again. 失败时不要灰心，要再接再厉。

assessment n. the act of assessing; appraisal 评估；估价

environmental assessment 环境影响评估

take it easy 放松些；别紧张

When the teacher found some of his students get nervous at the examination, he told them to take it easy. 老师发现一些学生考虑时焦急不安，就叫他们不要紧张。

keep up retain(one's spirits, strength, etc); (one's spirits, strength, etc.)not decline 维持；保持

The mountaineers' spirits kept up against heavy odds.

在非常不利的条件下，登山运动员们仍然情绪高涨。

Robinson Crusoe n. 鲁滨逊克鲁索

common sense natural good thinking 常识；情理

Although she's not very clever she's got lots of common sense. 她虽然不很聪明，但很有见识。

survival n. the act of surviving; continuance of life 幸存；存活

He stayed eight days in an open boat with no food, and he was still alive; his survival was a miracle. 他在无遮档的小船上呆了八天，又无食物，还活下来了，这真是个奇迹。

biscuit n. a small cake of shortened bread leavened with baking powder or soda饼干；小点心

alcohol n. a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid; intoxicating liquor containing alcohol 酒精；含酒精的饮料

goat n. a sort of hollow-horned, bearded ruminant mammals of mountainous regions山羊

On the ground lay an old sick goat. 地上躺着一只生病的老山羊。

flour n.[u] a powder made from wheat and used to make bread and cakes 面粉（或其他谷物磨成的粉）

Flour is used in making breads and cakes. 面粉用来做面包或糕饼。

axe n. 斧子

nail n. the hard substance at the end of a finger or toe 指甲；趾甲

Our fingernails need cutting now and again. 我们的手指甲有时需要剪一剪。

n. small piece of metal with one pointed end, which you hit into wood to fasten things together 钉子

The nail went right through the wall. 钉子直接穿过墙壁。

razor n. a sharp-edged cutting instrument used especially for shaving the face or removing other body hair 剃刀；刮胡刀

bedding n. bedclothes 寝具；床上用品

beyond prep. on the further or other side of 在较远的一边；在另一边

The post office is beyond the bridge. 邮局在桥的那一头。

prep. (of time)later than; more advanced than（时间）晚于；超过

Some shops keep open beyond midnight. 有些商店营业到半夜以后。

prep. out of the reach of; outside one's understanding 为…不能及；超出…理解力之外

He was beyond the help of the teacher. 他使老师束手无策。

prep. (negative and interrogative) except 除…之外

I know nothing beyond this. 除这之外，我什么也不知道。

adv. farther away 在远处

look beyond 向远处看

the Rocky Mountains 落基山脉

wagon n.[c] cart on four wheels, which a horse or an ox pulls; an open railway freight car 四轮马车（牛车）；无篷铁路货车

The wagon was full of vegetables. 这辆运货马车装满了蔬菜。

leave behind cause to remain behind; forget to take or bring along; abandon in a retreat 留下；忘带

She left her bag behind in the train. 她把提包丢在列车上了。

ox n. (pl. oxen) bull used for farm work公牛；耕牛

He is as strong as an ox. 他像牛一样强壮。

Kansas n. 堪萨斯州(美国洲名)

frontier n.[c] the border, the line between two countries国境；边境

We must show our passports at the frontier. 在边境我们必须出示护照。

lose one’s way become lost 迷路；迷失

Lily lost her way in the woods. 莉莉在森林里迷了路。

barren adj. lacking vegetation, especially useful vegetation 不毛的；贫瘠的

The desert is barren land. 沙漠是贫瘠的土地。

salty adj. tasting of salt; containing salt 盐的；咸的；含盐的

Sea water is salty. 海水是咸的。

pond n. a body of still water smaller than a lake池塘

There is a flock of waterfowls on the pond. 池塘上有一群水鸟。

patch n. small piece of ground 小块地

They grow their own vegetables on a small patch of ground. 他们在一小块土地上自种蔬菜。

n. pieces of cloth that you put over a hole in clothing, sheets, etc. 补钉

I sewed a patch over the hole in my jeans. 我给我工装裤上的洞打了个补钉。

burden n. something that you carry; a heavy load 负担；包袱

It is a burden to the people. 这对人民是一种负担。

n. a duty which is hard to do well 责任

The burden fell on me. 责任落在我身上。

desperate adj. having no hope and ready to do any wild or dangerous thing 绝望的；不顾一切的

The prisoners became desperate in their attempts to escape. 那些囚犯拼命企图逃亡。

adj. very serious 极严重的；危急的

The country is in a desperate state and we must work hard.

国家处于危急关头，我们应当努力工作。

beast n. an animal （四足）兽；牲畜

The tiger is a beast of prey. 老虎是食肉兽。

accustomed adj. being in the habit of习惯[于…]的[to]

I am not accustomed to walking long distances. 我不习惯于长距离的步行。

thirst n.[u] wanting to drink something; a strong desire 渴；渴望

I drank a cup of tea to relieve my thirst. 我喝了一杯茶止渴。

The artist thirsted for fame. 艺术家想出名。

starvation n. suffering or death caused by extreme hunger 挨饿；饿死

The cat died of starvation. 那只猫饿死了。

anxiety n.[c] worry and fear 忧虑；担心；焦急

We waited with anxiety for our examination results. 我们焦急地等待考试结果。

n.[c] something that makes you worried and afraid 担心的事；焦虑

He has been relieved of his anxieties. 他已消除了忧虑。

shallow adj. not deep; with not much water 浅的

The river is shallow here; we can walk across. 这里河水很浅，我们可以趟过去。

came to an end stop结束；终止

All good things must come to an end. 一切好事迟早都会结束。（天下没有不散的宴席。）

legendary adj. based on, or of the nature of a legend 传奇的；传说的

tax n. money that the government takes from your pay or from the sale of some goods 税

There is a large tax on cigarettes. 香烟的税很重。

anniversary n. the annually recurring date of a past event, especially one of historical, national, or personal importance 周年纪念；周年纪念日

Anchorage n. 安克雷奇（美国港市）

Nome [nEum] n. 诺姆（美国城市）

front-page [.frQnt `peidV] adj. worthy of coverage on the front page of a newspaper 头版的

front-page news 头版新闻

granddaughter n.[c] the daughter of your child孙女；外孙女

flu n. influenza 流行性感冒

He caught the flu. 他患了流行性感冒。

throat n. the front part of the neck 喉咙；咽喉

I have something stuck in my throat. 我有什么东西刺入了我的喉内。

diphtheria n.［医］白喉［症］

vaccine n. 痘苗；疫苗

catastrophe n. terrible thing that happens suddenly 大灾难；大祸

The forest fire was a catastrophe. 那场森林火灾是场大灾难。

relief n. the removal or ease of worry, pain ,etc. 解除；减轻

The medicine brought me relief. 这药减轻了我的痛苦。

n. help given to people in poverty of trouble 救济

They are in need of relief. 他们需要救济。

deliver vt. take something to the place where it must go 投递；送交

Every day the milkman delivers milk to our house. 每天送牛奶的人都把牛奶送到我家。

vt. give forth in words 发言

He delivered a speech at the meeting. 他在会上讲了话。

vt. to help in the birth of 接生

she delivered the child. 她接生了这孩子。

Nenana [ni`nB:nB:] n. 美国城市

Arctic adj. of the north polar regions 北极的

n. the regions round the north pole 北极；北极圈；北极地方

the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋 the Arctic Regions 北极地区

tough adj. able to withstand great strain without tearing or breaking; strong and resilient 坚韧的 demanding or troubling; difficult 困难的 physically hardy; rugged 强壮的

(tougher; toughest)

wrap vt. to cover completely with 包裹；缠绕

I wrapped the present in red paper. 我把礼物用红纸包了起来。

n.[c] an article of dress to be folded round a person 披在身上的衣物

Don't forget your wra

篇15：高考数学复习策略

第一轮复习：夯实基础、建立知识网络结构。

这个阶段是高三复习时间较多，花费力气较大的阶段，切不可走马观花，掉以轻心!一轮复习需要做到1、对课本的定义、定理、公式熟烂于心并理解它的本质、变化。2、对于典型的问题既要会解答方法又要掌握它的变形及拓展。3、知识网路的形成，将前两年学习的知识点知识线转化为知识网络。总结解题的小结论，小技巧!解题漏洞的总结!

复习一定要以考纲为中心、教材为主。对于高难度问题及偏题怪题要进行大胆的放弃。打下夯实的基础，提高自己的信心!

第二轮专题过关提升重点知识综合能力

在一轮复习的基础上有针对性的对重点章节、重点知识、常用技巧、解题方法进行复习。这一阶段主要是提升考生的综合能力和应试技巧!这一阶段复习重点为“三角函数、数列、概率统计、立体几何、解析几何、导数及其应用“这六个模块。同时深化高考常见的数形结合、分类讨论、转化与化归以及函数与方程等数学思想，其核心则是提升综合能力、创造能力的培养提高。

第三轮复习综合模拟训练

在前两轮的复习基础上，做一定量的模拟题，通过实战模拟、摸索、演练、积累有关答题节奏、答题策略等经验及应对出现意外考题的策略。检查复习知识疏漏点和解题易错点。探索解题规律。各个阶段一定注意解题用时和正确率。此外就是考试心态的进一步调整!

数学成绩的提升是日积月累的一个过程，在复习的路上，总结至关重要，各位同学要养成整理错题的习惯。错题本的好处不言而喻，在整个复习的过程中一定要做到复习即会、复习即明。不然一定在短时间内尽快消化。不能把问题留在明天。

篇16：高考数学复习策略

如仔细阅读题目，看清数字，规范解题格式，部分同学自己感觉很好，平时做题只是写个答案，不注重解题过程，书写不规范，在正规考试中即使答案对了，由于过程不完整被扣分较多。部分同学平时学习过程中自信心不足，做作业时免不了互相对答案，也不认真找出错误原因并加以改正。这些同学到了考场上常会出现心理性错误，导致“会而不对”，或是为了保证正确率，反复验算，浪费很多时间，影响整体得分。这些问题都很难在短时间得以解决，必须在平时下功夫努力改正。

“会而不对”是高三数学学习的大忌，常见的有审题失误、计算错误等，平时都以为是粗心，其实这是一种不良的学习习惯，必须在第一轮复习中逐步克服，否则，后患无穷。可结合平时解题中存在的具体问题，逐题找出原因，看其是行为习惯方面的原因，还是知识方面的缺陷，再有针对性加以解决。必要时作些记录，也就是错题本，每位学生必备的，以便以后查询。

篇17：高考数学复习策略

每次考试结束试卷发下来，要认真分析得失，总结经验教训。特别是将试卷中出现的错误进行分类，可如下分类:

第一类问题———遗憾之错。就是分明会做，反而做错了的题;比如说，“审题之错”是由于审题出现失误，看错数字等造成的;“计算之错”是由于计算出现差错造成的;“抄写之错”是在草稿纸上做对了，往试卷上一抄就写错了、漏掉了;“表达之错”是自己答案正确但与题目要求的表达不一致，如角的单位混用等。出现这类问题是考试后最后悔的事情。

消除遗憾要消除遗憾必须弄清遗憾的原因，然后找出解决问题的办法，如“审题之错”，是否出在急于求成?可采取“一慢一快”战术，即审题要慢、答题要快。“计算错误”，是否由于草稿纸用得太乱等。建议将草稿纸对折分块，每一块上演算一道题，有序排列便于回头查找。 “抄写之错”，可以用检查程序予以解决。“表达之错”，注意表达的规范性，平时作业就严格按照规范书写表达，学习高考评分标准写出必要的步骤，并严格按着题目要求规范回答问题。

第二类问题———似非之错。记忆的不准确，理解的不够透彻，应用得不够自如;回答不严密、不完整;第一遍做对了，一改反而改错了，或第一遍做错了，后来又改对了;一道题做到一半做不下去了等等。弄懂似非“似是而非”是自己记忆不牢、理解不深、思路不清、运用不活的内容。这表明你的数学基础不牢固，一定要突出重点，夯实基础。你要建立各部分内容的知识网络;全面、准确地把握概念，在理解的基础上加强记忆;加强对易错、易混知识的梳理;要多角度、多方位地去理解问题的实质;体会数学思想和解题的方法;当然数学的学习要有一定题量的积累，才能达到举一反三、运用自如的水平。

第三类问题———无为之错。由于不会，因而答错了或猜的，或者根本没有答。这是无思路、不理解，更谈不上应用的问题。力争有为在高三复习的第一轮中，不要做太难的题和综合性很强的题目，因为综合题大多是由几道基础题组成的，只有夯实了基础，做熟了基础题目，掌握了基本思想和方法，综合题才能迎刃而解。在高三复习时间较紧的情况下，第一阶段要有所为，有所不为，但平时考试和老师留的经过筛选的题目要会做，要做好。

★高考复习策略

★英语词汇教学的策略

★高考化学复习三个策略

★高考生物的复习策略

★高考文科生复习策略总结

★教学设计策略

★策略教学设计

★高三复习教案SBⅢ unit 17-18(人教版高考复习英语教案教学设计)

★高考语文的复习策略方法

★高考化学复习技巧及策略

《高考英语词汇复习策略(英语教案教学设计)（锦集17篇）.doc》

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