下面是小编为大家准备的考研英语语法精要 形容词 副词，本文共8篇，欢迎阅读借鉴。
篇1：考研英语语法精要 形容词 副词
考研英语语法精要 形容词 副词
八、形容词、副词及其比较级
1.形容词的句法功能
形容词在句中做定语、表语和主语。考生应注意：
(1)以 “a” 开头的形容词如alone, alike, asleep, awake等不能做前置定语，可做表语或后置定语。
(2)某些以副词词缀 “-ly” 结尾的词是形容词，如friendly, leisurely, lovely等。
(3)下列动词既是实义动词又是系动词，注意用做系动词时，要求形容词做表语：remain, keep, become, get, grow, go, come, turn, stay, stand, run, prove, seem, appear, look。如：
All those left undone may sound great in theory, but even the truest believer has great difficulty when it comes to specifics.
2.副词主要测试其修饰作用
考生应了解：副词可修饰谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、整个句子。如：
This pair of shoes isn’t good, but that pair is hardly better.
(与前半句的否定意义吻合)
It’s essential that people be psychologically able to resist the impact brought about by the transition from planned economy to market economy.
Andrew, my father’s younger brother, will not be at the picnic, much to the family’s disappointment.
Most of us are of the opinion that this set of training program is among the most wisely devised ones we have seen so far.
3.考比较级时，考生应把握
(1)形容词和副词比较级的形式是否和比较连词对应出现，即是否符合原级比较及比较级的结构。如：
Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often as good as, or better than an actual performance.
On the whole, ambitious students are more likely to succeed in their studies than are those with little ambition.
(2)比较的成分是否属于同类事物或同类概念。如：
The number of registered participants in this year’s marathon was half that of last year’s.
Young readers, more often than not, find the novels of Dickens far more exciting than Thackeray’s.
(3)比较级的修饰语如 a little, a lot, the, any, even, far, hardly, lots, much, rather，还有表示倍数比较的词等，他们的位置是：修饰语+as…as…, 或修饰语+more…than…。如：
Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills seven times more people each year than automobile accidents.
“Do you regret paying five hundred dollars for the painting?” “No, I would gladly have paid twice as much for it.”
(4)下列词和短语不用比较级形式却表示比较概念：
inferior，minor，senior，prior，prefer to，superior，major，junior，prefer?able，differ from，compared with，in comparison with，different from，rather than。如：
Their watch is superior to all the other watches on the market.
4.最高级形式应注意的问题
(1)最高级比较范围用介词in, over, of, among。
in, (all)over用于在某一范围内的比较，如：in China, all over the world; of, among 用于在同一群体内同类事物的比较，如：among the teachers, of the four dresses。
注意：among…相当于one of…，不说among all…。这一点考生应与汉语表达区别开来。如：
Of all visible lights, red light has the longest and violet the shortest wavelength.
(2)比较级形式表示最高级意义时，比较对象的.范围应用：
any other +单数名词
the other +复数名词
the others
anyone/anything else
上述词是用来将比较级结构转变成最高级意义的关键词语，切不可遗漏，否则会造成逻辑混乱的错误。如不能说：John runs faster than anyone.注意与汉语表达的不同。
5.有关比较级的特殊句型
(1)not so much…as…与其说……不如说……
The chief reason for the population growth isn’t so much a rise in birth rates as a fall in death rates as a result of improvements in medical care.
(2)no/not any more…than…两者一样都不……The heart is no more intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.
There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, any more than they can limit how much water you drink.
(3)no /not any less…than…两者一样都……She is no less beautiful than her sister.
(4)just as…so….正如……，……也……(用倒装结构)Just as the soil is a part of the earth, so is the atmosphere.
大学网考研频道。篇2：英语语法：形容词和副词
英语语法：形容词和副词
在中考单项选择中形容词也占一定比例，一般考查有关形容词或副词的一些搭配，但绝大部分考查形容词与副词的'比较级和最高级。
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
①一般的比较级和最高级在形容词或副词后加-er或-est，如：small --- smaller --- smallest
② 以不发音-e结尾的形容词或副词直接加 r或 st，如
large --- largest --- largest
③ 重读闭音节词尾是一个辅音字母的，需双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est。
④ 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的形容词和副词，把y变i，再加 er或-est.
busy---busier---busiest
happy---happier---happiest
但一些双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most，如：
slowly --- more slowly --- most slowly
difficult---more difficult---most difficult
beautiful---more beautiful---most beautiful
但还有一些不规则的变化：
good / well---better---best
many---more---most
bad / ill / badly ---worse---worst
little---less---least
far --- farther / further --- farther / furthest
篇3：考研英语语法精要 不定式
考研英语语法精要 不定式
二、不定式
1.不定式做主语
(1)做形式主语的代词：
不定式做主语, 通常用it充当形式主语, 把做主语的不定式短语后置。 如：
It took me only five minutes to finish the job.
To be frank, it is a great relief to have the task fulfilled in so short a time.
(2)引导逻辑主语的介词：
不定式的逻辑主语一般由介词for引导,但下列表示人的性格行为特征的形容词做表语时, 不定式的逻辑主语则由of引导：
absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind, thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel, selfish, lazy, wicked, wrong。如：
Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to stay healthy.
It’s clever of you to have invented such a device.
(3)不定式做主语补足语：
掌握常用不定式做主语补足语的.句型。注意不定式表示的动作发生的时间，并采用相应形式。如：
said
reported
thought
be to do sth.
believed
known
supposed
Byron is said to have lived on vinegar and potatoes.
The bank is reported in the local newspaper to have been robbed in broad daylight yesterday.
2.不定式做宾语
(1)必须接不定式做宾语的动词：
掌握要求接不定式做宾语的动词：
agree, afford, aim, arrange, appear, ask, attempt, choose, claim, decide, desire, determine, expect, fail, guarantee, hope, endeavor, intend, long, mean, manage, offer, ought, plan, pledge, pretend, prepare, promise, proceed, prove, resolve, refuse, request, swear, tend, try, venture, wait, wish。如：
Even though the children pretended to be asleep, the nurses were not deceived when they came into the room.
注意:
1)有的动词要求特殊疑问词+不定式做宾语, 这类动词有：
consider, discover, explain, forget, guess, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, understand, wonder，如：
While still a young boy, Bizet knew how to play the piano well and as he grew older, he wrote operas, the most famous of which is Carmen.
2)如果该特殊疑问词在不定式中做介词宾语, 介词往往置于该特殊疑问词的前面。如:
The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds on which to base his argument in favor of the new theory.
Without facts, we cannot form worthwhile opinion for we need to have factual knowledge upon which to base our thinking.
(2)可以用不定式做宾语补足语(复合宾语)的动词：
下列动词可以用不定式做宾语补足语(复合宾语)：
advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, command, compel, enable, determine, encourage, expect, feel, find, force, hate, have, hear, help, inform, invite, let, like, make, mean, need, notice, notify, oblige, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, see, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, want, warn, watch, wish。
注意：画线动词后面的不定式不带to。
如：
Because of the recent accidents, our parents forbid my brother and me to swim in the river unless someone agrees to watch over us.
大学网考研频道。篇4：考研英语语法精要 动名词
考研英语语法精要 动名词
三、动名词
1.必须接动名词做宾语的动词
牢记下列要求接动名词做宾语的.动词：
acknowledge, advocate, anticipate, appreciate, advise, avoid, admit, confess, consider, defend, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, favor, finish, forgive, imagine, include, involve, justify, keep mind, miss, mention, pardon, practice, postpone, permit, report, resent, resume, recall，recollect，risk, resist, suggest, tolerate。如：
Although a teenager, Fred could resist being told what to do and what not to do.
I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.
2.动名词做介词短语
考生尤其要识别下列短语中的to是介词，不是不定式符号：
object to, resort to, react to, contribute to, look forward to, be accustomed to, be committed to, be exposed to, be subjected to, be devoted to, be dedicated to, be opposed to, be reconciled to, be contrary to, be (get) used to, come close to, get down to, give oneself up to, prefer…to, see to, set to, take to, in addition to, with regard to, with a view to, on the way to。如：
There was no sign that Mr. Jospin , who keeps a firm control on the party despite having resigned from leadership of it, would intervene personally.
Our modern civilization must not be thought of as having been created in a short period of time.
Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to its always being combined with other elements, most commonly with oxygen.
As the children become financially independent of the family, the emphasis on family financial security will shift from protection to saving for the retirement years.
Everyone with half an eye on the unemployment figures knew that the assertion about economic recovery being just around the corner was untrue.
大学网考研频道。篇5：考研英语语法精要 分词
考研英语语法精要 分词
四、分词
分词起形容词和副词的作用，在句中做定语或状语。在概念上考生应清楚：
● 现在分词表示主动，表示动作在进行。
● 过去分词表示被动，表示动作结束了的状态或结果。
1.分词做定语，弄清现在分词与过去分词的区别
分词短语做定语相当于省略了的定语从句，考生应掌握：
(1)现在分词与被修饰词之间具有主动意义。如：
It’s easy to blame the decline of conversation on the pace of modern life and on the vague changes taking place in our ever-increasing world.(相当于the changes which take place...)
There was a very interesting remark in a book by an Englishman that I read recently giving what he thought was a reason for this American characteristic.(相当于which gave...)
How many of us attending, say, a meeting that is irrelevant to us would be interested in the discussion?(相当于How many of us who will attend...)
(2)过去分词与被修饰词之间具有被动意义。如：
Good news was sometimes released prematurely, with the British recapture of the port announced half a day before the defenders actually surrendered.
(相当于…recapture of the port which had been announced…)
Just as the value of a telephone network increases with each new phone added to the system, so does the value of a computer system increase with each program that turns out.
(相当于…each new phone which is added to…)
The author gave a detailed deion based on his personal observation of nature.
(相当于…deion which was based on…)
(3)下列不及物动词也以过去分词形式做定语或表语，但不具有被动意义：
deceased, departed, elapsed, faded, fallen, gone, grown-up, retired, returned, risen, set, vanished, much-travelled, newly arrived, recently come。如：
an escaped prisoner一个逃犯
a retired worker一位退休工人
a faded curtain一个褪了色的窗帘
a newly arrived student一个新来的学生
2.分词做状语，注意区分分词的一般式与完成式
(1)表示时间，多置于句首，注意如果分词表示的动作的`时间先于谓语动词，要用完成式。如：
Having completed one task, we started on another one.
(complete先于start之前发生)
(2)表示原因，置于句首句尾均可，根据情况有时要用完成式，有时用一般式。如：
He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, being considered insufficiently popular with all members.
There seemed little hope that the explorer, having been deserted in the tropical forest, would find his way through it.
(3)表示伴随、方式，置于句尾，用分词的一般式。如：
Helen borrowed my dictionary the other day saying that she would return it soon.
Anna was reading a piece of science fiction, completely lost to the outside world.
(4)表示结果，置于句尾，用分词的一般式。如：
The city found itself in a crisis situation last summer when the air conditioning on dozens of the new buses broke down, them unusable.
(5)表示补充说明(同位)，置于句尾，用分词的一般式。如：
The article opens and closes with deions of two news reports, each making one major point in contrast with the other.
Ford tried dividing the labor, each worker assigned a separate task.
3.分词的独立主格结构
分词的逻辑主语一般为句子的主语，否则分词短语要有自己的逻辑主语，称为分词独立主格结构。分词独立主格结构只是句子的一个部分，但在翻译时经常译成独立的句子，考生要注意英汉两种语言在结构上的区别。如：
All flights having been canceled because of the snowstorm, we decided to take the train.
Darkness setting in, the young couple lingered on merrymaking.
4.分词做表语和补语，尤应注意由使役动词变来的分词的形式
(1)现在分词表示主语或宾语的特征，多以事物做(逻辑)主语。如：
His victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expected.
(2)过去分词表示主语或宾语所处的状态或对某事的心理反应和感受，多以人做(逻辑)主语。如：
These students are quick at learning. We’ll have them trained in new methods.
People cannot but feel puzzled. For they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake.
大学网考研频道。篇6：考研英语语法精要平行结构
考研英语语法精要平行结构
九、平行结构
1.注意由并列连词或等立连词连接的`成分在语法形式上是否相同，即都是形容词，或都是介词短语，或都是不定式，或都是动名词，或都是句子等。如：
Symposium talks will cover a wide range of subjects from overfishing to physical and environmental factors that affect the populations of different species.
In the teaching of mathematics, the way of instruction is generally traditional, with teachers presenting formal lectures and students taking notes.
2.注意比较结构中相比较的内容在语法形式上是否相同。如：
It is better to die on one’s feet than to live on one’s knees.
Despite the temporary difficulties, the manager prefers increasing the output to decreasing it.
3.其他具有并列或比较意义的短语。
(1)rather than, let alone 虽不是并列连词，但在结构上连接两个语法形式相同的成分。如：
We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style rather than in a personal style.
For the new country to survive, let alone for its people to enjoy prosperity, new economic policies will be required.
(2)如果平行的两个成分在形式上是介词短语，而且介词相同，一般说来第二个介词不要省略。如：
At times, more care goes into the composition of newspaper and magazine advertisements than into the writing of the features and editorials.
大学网考研频道。篇7：考研英语语法精要 虚拟语气
考研英语语法精要 虚拟语气
六、虚拟语气
1.主从句谓语动词的时态
(1)掌握主从句谓语动词的规范搭配:
主句 从句
与现在事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+do were (不分人称)/did
与过去事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+have done had done
与将来事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+do should do
如：
If the doctor had been available, the child could not have died.
There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, should there be a sudden loud noise.
(2)区分主从句表示的不同时间概念：
主从句谓语动词所指时间不同，这叫做错综时间条件句，动词形式应根据实际情况来调整。如：
Had it not been for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is.
(主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反)
Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now.
(主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反)
(3)识别事实和假设混合句：
Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a make-up examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.
(句子前半部分为假设情况，而“父母病了”是事实)
I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week.
(前半部分为假设，后半部分是事实)
2.名词性从句的虚拟形式
名词性从句是指宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从句的'谓语动词需用(should+)动词原形表示虚拟。考生应熟悉：
(1)下列动词做谓语时，that宾语从句中的动词用虚拟形式：
desire, advise, recommend, command, direct, order, ask, demand, request, require, insist, maintain, move, propose, prefer, urge, vote。如：
In the past men generally preferred that their wives work in the home.
I move that he be discharged for his serious mistake.
(2)下列形容词和分词做表语或补语时，that主语从句中动词用虚拟形式：
advisable, desirable, insistent, preferable, urgent, appropriate, compulsory, crucial, essential, imperative, important, necessary, obligatory, possible, probable, proper, vital, advised, arranged, commanded, demanded, desired, ordered, proposed, recommended, requested, required, suggested。如：
The board deem it urgent that these files should be printed right away.
It is essential that all these figures be checked twice.
(3)下列名词接同位语从句或表语从句时，从句中动词用虚拟形式：
insistence, preference, recommendation, suggestion, proposal, motion, desire, re-quirement, request, order, necessity, importance, regulation, rule, resolution, understanding。如：
John Wagner’s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it be analyzed in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.
They keep telling us it is of utmost importance that our representative be sent to the conference on schedule.
3.含蓄虚拟条件句的谓语动词形式
含蓄虚拟语气是指假设条件不通过if从句表达，而是暗含在其他结构中。考生应熟悉：
(1)连词but, but that, or, or else;副词otherwise, unfortunately等表示转折假设。如：
A safety analysis would have identified the target as a potential danger. Unfortunately, it was never done.
Victor obviously doesn’t know what’s happened; otherwise he wouldn’t have made such a stupid remark.
(2)介词短语暗含假设条件，常用的有：without, but for, under more favorable conditions等。如：
But for the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.
(3)intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned或was/were +不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished+不定式一般式暗示虚拟语气。如：
I intended to have called on you, but I was busy at that time.
(4)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气。如：
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t.
4.常用虚拟形式的句型
(1)从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式表示虚拟的句型：
would rather would as soon as though suppose…
had rather would sooner as if supposing…
If only… It is (high) time that…(从句中动词只用过去式)
如：
His wife would rather they didn’t talk about the matter any more.
I’d rather you went by train, because I can’t bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather.
If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I buried my head in my hands for a cry.
My father always talks as though he were addressing a public meeting.
(2)If it were not for… (与现在事实相反)
If it had not been for… (与过去事实相反) 相当于but for。如：
If it had not been for his help (= but for his help), we would not have succeeded.
(3)If only…谓语动词视情况选用适当的形式。如：
If only the committee would approve the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.
(4)lest/for fear that/in case 从句谓语用(should+)动词原形。如：
The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.
(5)whether…or…有时谓语用be的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，这种用法经常采用倒装结构。如：
Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, be they Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.
The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.
大学网考研频道。篇8：形容词和副词的英语语法讲解
摘要： 形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常，可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后。
形容词和副词的英语语法讲解
一、形容词及其用法
1、形容词修饰名词
形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常，可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。
1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot。
2)叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：
afraid 害怕的。
(错) He is an ill man.
(对) The man is ill.
(错) She is an afraid girl.
(对) The girl is afraid.
这类词还有： well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。
3)形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后。例如：something nice.
2、以-ly结尾的形容词
1) 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。
改错：
(错) She sang lovely.
(错) He spoke to me very friendly.
(对) Her singing was lovely.
(对) He spoke to me in a very friendly way.
2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词，如
daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early等。例如：
The Times is a weekly paper. 《时代周刊》为周刊。
The Times is published weekly. 《时代周刊》每周发行一期。
3 、用形容词表示类别和整体
1) 某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接，如
the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the hungry等。
例如：
The poor are losing hope. 穷人行将失去希望。
2) 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用，如the British，the English，the French，the Chinese等。例如：
The English have wonderful sense of humor. 英国人颇有幽默感。
4、多个形容词修饰名词的顺序
多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色)--出处--材料性质--类别--名词。例如：
a small round table/ a tall gray building/ a dirty old brown shirt/ a famous German medical school/ an expensive Japanese sports car
典型例题:
1) Tony is going camping with ___ boys.
A.little two other B. two little other
C.two other little D.little other two
答案：C。由“限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --性质--名词”的顺序可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有C符合答案。
2) One day they crossed the __ bridge behind the palace.
A. old Chinese stone
B. Chinese old stone
C. old stone Chinese
D. Chinese stone old
答案A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词，他们的排列顺序是：年龄，形状，大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。
3) ---- How was your recent visit to Qingdao?
---- It was great. We visited some friends，and spent the ___days at the seaside.
A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last
答案：B。本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的重要性差不多，音节少的形容词在前，音节多的方在后，在不能确定时，可参照：限定词+数量词(序数词在前，基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词，如
those + three + beautiful + large + square +old + brown + wood + table。
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