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高考复习一人教版高二unit 7语言点(人教版高二英语上册教案教学设计)

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以下是小编整理的高考复习一人教版高二unit 7语言点(人教版高二英语上册教案教学设计)，本文共15篇，欢迎阅读分享。

篇1：高考复习一人教版高二unit 9语言点(人教版高二英语上册教案教学设计)

Unit 9

1 attend vt.出席参加; 上(学, 教堂)

attend a meeting [lecture]出席会议[听演讲, 听课]

attend a wedding [a funeral]参加婚礼[葬礼]

attend school [church]上学[教堂]

be well attended出席(听...)...人数很多

be attended by由...陪同; 由...照料

I will attend you to the classroom.我将陪你到教室去。

May good luck attend you!祝你幸运!

vi.出席,参加[(+at)] attend (at) a wedding 出席婚礼

照料,处理[(+to)]

I'll attend to the matter.我来处理此事。

护理;侍候[(+on/upon)]

注意,倾听;致力(于)[(+to)]

She didn't attend to what I was saying.她并不注意听我所说的话

【习惯用语】

attend on 服侍, 照料; 陪, 随从

attend upon 服侍, 照料; 陪, 随从

attend to 倾听, 注意, 留心；关心, 照顾, 护理; 办理

2 content a.满足的,满意的;甘愿的[F][(+with)][+to-v]

She seems content to live with him.她似乎很满意与他生活在一起。

He was content with his work.他对自己的工作很满意。

vt.使满足[(+with)]

Her answer seemed to content him.她的回答好像令他满意。

【习惯用语】

be content to do sth. 乐于做某事

be content with 沉迷［满足］于

to one's heart's content 心满意足，尽情地 I ate to my heart’s content. 我尽情地吃。

content oneself with 满足于，对...感到满足

3 access 接近,进入;接近的机会,进入的权利;使用[U][(+to)]

access broadcasting

向公众开放的节目播送(电台、电视台开放给少数民族或利益团体传递讯息或做宣传的节目播送)

Only a few people have access to the full facts of the case.只有少数几个人能看到有关该案全部事实的材料。

Citizens may have free accessto the library. 市民可以自由使用图书馆。

通道,入口,门路[C][U][(+to)]

The only access to their house is along that narrow road.只有沿着那条狭窄的路走才能到达他们的房子。

【习惯用语】

be easy [hard, difficult] of access 容易[难]接近

give access to 接见; 准许出入

have [gain, get, obtain] access to 得接近; 得会见; 得进入; 得使用

4 stress

n.压力;紧张;压迫[U][C][(+on)]

Susan was completely weighed down by the stress of examinations.苏珊被考试的压力压垮了。

under the stress of poverty 在贫困的压力下

着重;重要性[U][(+on)]

She lay great stress on proper behavior.她很强调行为端正。

time of stress 危难之际, 非常时期

【语】重音;重读[U][C][(+on)]

In the word “mother” the stress is on the first syllable.在“mother”这一字里,重音在第一个音节上。

vt.强调,着重

The English teacher stressed the importance of reading aloud.

英语老师强调了朗读的重要性。

I must stress that we haven't much time. 我必须强调我们没有多少时间了。

用重音读Stress the second syllable.重读第二个音节。

加压力于;使紧张

The weight of snow stressed the roof to the point of collapsing.

雪的重量压得屋顶快要塌了。

【习惯用语】

in the stress of the moment 一时紧张

lay [place, put] stress on 把重点放在...上; 在...上用力

under [driven by] the stress of 为...所迫; 为...所驱使; 处境紧张[困难]

5 responsibility n. 责任, 职责

【习惯用语】

be relieved of one's responsibility [-ties] (被)解除职责

bear responsibility for 对...负有责任

decline all responsibility for 声明对...不负任何责任

on one's own responsibility 自作主张地, 自负全责地

take full responsibility for 对... 负完全责任

take the responsibility upon oneself 自己承担起责任来

undertake fresh responsibility 担负起新的职责

6 alternative n. 二中择一, 可供选择的办法, 事物抉择；选择余地[the …+of)]

adj. 选择性的, 二中择一的

If you don't like the school lunch, you have the alternative of bringing your own.

要是你不喜欢学校准备的午餐,你可以自己带饭。

What alternatives are there?还有什么可选择的?

选择的自由(或余地)[U]

They had no alternative in the matter.在这件事上,他们没有选择的余地

We have no alternative but to go on. 除了继续下去,我们没有选择的余地。

There was no other alternative but to fight till the victory.

除了战斗直到胜利,别无选择。

【习惯用语】

have no alternative but 除...外别无选择; 只有; 只好

7 affect

vt. 影响, 对...起作用[反应]; 使...感光; 改变; 损[伤]害

The amount of rain affects the growth of crops.雨量影响作物的生长。

感动 ; He was deeply affected by my words. 他听了我的话很受感动。

(病)侵袭;罹患患(病), 中(暑) be affected by heat [cold] 中暑[着凉]

Her kidneys had become affected.她的肾脏受到了感染。

【参考词汇】

affect effect influence 作为动词, 都含“影响”的意思。

affect 指“产生的影响之大足以引起反应”,着重“影响”的动作, 有时含有“对...产生不利影响”的意思, 如:

This article will affect my thinking. 这篇文章将会影响我的思想。

effect 指“实现”、“达成”,着重“造成”一种特殊的效果, 如:

This book effected a change in my opinion. 这本书使我的看法起了变化。

The reform was effected. 改革实现了。

influence 指“通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易觉察到的,潜移默化的影响”, 如: Influenced by a high-school biology teacher, he took up the study of medicine.

在一位中学生物教师的影响下, 他从事医学研究。

8 wipe out 扫除；清除掉 ;勾销（债务） ;消灭；毁灭 ;洗雪(耻辱)

to wipe out a whole army 歼灭一个整军

wipe up 揩干（洗净的碟盘） ;揩干

wipe off 勾销（债务

wipe down 把…擦干净

（常与away, off连用）擦干；揩净

wipe your tears away 擦干你的眼泪

9 issue vt.(1)发行;发布

The post office issued the stamps last week.上星期邮局发行了这些邮票。

(2). 发给,配给[O][(+to)],核发

They issued the soldiers with guns. 他们把枪发给士兵。

(3.) 使流出,放出,排出

vi.(1). 出来[(+forth)](2). 流出[(+from)]

Lava issued from the volcano.熔岩从火山口流出来。

(3). 由...得出,由...产生[(+from)]

His difficulties in his work issue from his lack of experience.

他工作中的困难是由于缺乏经验而引起的。

(4). 发行,颁布,出版

A new coinage issued.一种新硬币发行了。

n.(1). 问题;争论;争议[C]

They have published a lot of new books on international issues.

他们已经出版了很多论述国际问题的新书。

(2). 发行(物);一次发行量;(报刊)期号[C]

There's an article about Jamaica in this issue.

在这一期里有一篇关于牙买加的文章。

【习惯用语】

at issue 在争论中; 不一致, 有分歧; 待裁决的

raise a new issue 提出新论点

take issue against 反对

issue sth.to sb. 把某物发给某人 = issue sb. with sth.

issue from 从...流出[冒出、传出]

join issue (=take issue) with sb on sth争论, 进行辨论

make an issue of sth. 使某事成为有争论的问题

10 advise：可用作动词（vt.＆vi.）。主要义项有：忠告，劝告，建议，通知，商量。

用作动词时的主要搭配形式为：（1）advise+名词/动名词；

Eg. I advise waiting until tomorrow.我建议等到明天。

（2）+sb. to do sth. Eg. I advise you to start at once. 我劝你立刻出发。

（3）+宾语从句Eg. Can you advise me whether I should go abroad?

你能不能指点我该不该出国？

（4）sb. against doing sth.

Eg. I strongly advise you against going abroad.我力劝你不要出国。

（5）sb. on sth.

Eg. He advises us on economic affairs.他给我们提供有关经济事务的建议。

（6）sb.+疑问词+不定式

Eg. He could not advise me what to do next.他无法教我接下来该做什么。

（7）sb. of sth.Eg. Please advise us of the date. 请将日期通知我们。

注意：advise作“通知”讲后跟宾语从句时，用陈述语气；作“建议”讲后跟宾语从句时，用虚拟语气。

Eg. We were advised that they could not accept our offer.

我们获得通知，说他们不能接受我们的提议。

I advised him that he (should) go at once.我劝他应该马上去。

11 face

Unit 10

1 frighten vt.\ vi. 使惊吓; 惊恐

习惯用语】

be frightened of [口]害怕, 对...感到恐惧

frighten away 吓跑, 吓走

frighten off 吓跑, 吓走

frighten sb. into doing sth. 用恐吓手段迫使某人做[不做]某事

frighten sb. out of doing sth. 用恐吓手段迫使某人做[不做]某事

He was frightened of the fierce dog. 他让这只凶猛的狗吓怕了。

He was frightened at the thought of his huge debts.

他一想到他背负的巨额债务便胆战心惊。

2 urge vt.催促;力劝;激励;怂恿

They urged us to go at once.他们催促我们马上去。

极力主张;强烈要求[(+on)][+that]

urge sth. on [upon] sb. 向某人极力陈述某事

My friends urged that I (should) apply for the job.朋友们力劝我申请那份工作。

The people in that country urged independence.那个国家的人民要求独立。

推进;驱策[ on [onward, forward] 推进; 驱策

We urged the school team on with loud cheers.我们大声助威,激励校队拼搏。

vi. 极力主张;强烈要求

urge against 极力反对

The citizens urged for the construction of a new hospital.市民们强烈要求建造一个新医院。

n.[C]. 强烈的欲望;冲动;迫切的要求

The vacation is coming and I have an urge to travel.假期快到了,我很想外出旅行。

【习惯用语】

urge... into doing [to do] [怂恿]...做

3 board

n. 木板;板,牌子;布告牌;黑板;(棋)盘[C]

He sawed the board in half.他将木板锯成两块。

膳食;伙食[U]We will provide room and board for them.我们将提供他们的食宿。

委员会;理事会;董事会;(政府的)部,局,会

He has recently joined the board of the company.最近加入了该公司的董事会。

舞台;演员的职业[the P]He quit the boards years ago.数年前他就离开了舞台。

vt.. 用木板覆盖(或封闭)[(+up/over)]

He boarded up the windows.他用木板将窗钉上。

上(船、车、飞机等)

The passengers boarded the plane at 9 a.m.旅客们上午九时登上飞机。

包饭;供...膳宿

【习惯用语】

above board 诚实地, 公开地, 光明正大地

All on board! 请大家上车!

go on board 上船; 上飞机, 上火车

go on the boards 当演员

Trade Board 劳资协商会

board in 在寄宿处吃饭

board up 栅木板阻断(道路等) 用木板围住用木板钉起

across the board 包括所有团体或成员

A wage rise of 10 pounds a week across the board. 全体成员每人每周加薪10镑

go by the board （计划、安排等）失败，落空

sweep the board 赢得一切；几乎全胜

Our team swept the board in the sports games. 我们代表队在运动会中大获全胜。

4 live through：度过, 经受过

Eg. They lived through the Second World War.他们经历过第二次世界大战。

相关归纳：（1）get through 做/办/看完；通过/让通过；接通电话

Eg. I will be with you as soon as I get through this work.我一做好这项工作就到你这儿来。

I got through the book in one evening.我一个晚上就看完了这本书。

（2）go through 审阅；检查；讨论；查看；看一遍；经历（困难、痛苦等），经过（阶段等）Eg. I’d like to have you go through the book.我想让你审阅一下这本书。

Most families went through a lot during the war.大多数家庭在战争期间经历了很多的苦。

5 on end：竖着, 连续地

Eg. He stood the box on end.他把箱子竖立起来。

It snowed for three days on end. 一连下了三天雪。

相关归纳：（1）at the end 结束；尽头

Eg. She was at the end of the patience. 她已忍无可忍。

（2）in the end 最后；终于

Eg. He tired again and again and succeeded in the end.他一试再试，终于成功了。

（3）put an end to 结束；停止

Eg. Let’s put an end to this quarrel. 我们结束这场争吵吧。

（4）come to an end完毕；终止；结束

Eg. The meeting came to an end early. 会议很早结束。

注意：end构成的词组中不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词的使用

6 at hand：在手边, 在附近, 即将到来

Eg. I always keep the handbook at hand.我总是把那本手册放在手边。

Final examinations are at hand. 期末考试快到了。

篇2：高考复习一人教版高二unit 7语言点(人教版高二英语上册教案教学设计)

Unit 7

1 via prep. 经由，途经

to travel from Beijing to Shanghai via Tianjin 由北京经由天津去上海

通过；凭藉

I sent a message to Mary via her brother. 我托玛丽的兄弟把信带给她。

2 persuade：主要用作及物动词。主要有两个义项：说服；使相信。主要搭配形式为：persuade sb. to do sth.；

Eg. She tried to persuade him to change his mind.她试图劝他改变主意。

persuade sb. into doing sth.；persuade sb. out of doing sth.；

Eg. Can you persuade her into/out of wearing that dress?你能劝她穿（不穿）那件衣服吗？

persuade sb. that-clause。（常与of, that连用）使相信

Eg. I couldn’t persuade him that she was a thief.我无法使他相信她是个小偷。

How can I persuade you of my sincerity?我怎样才能使你相信我的诚意呢?

We worked hard to persuade them that we were genuinely interested in the project.

我们想尽办法以使他们相信我们确实对这一计划感兴趣。

注意：persuade sb. to do sth.意为“说服某人做某事”，强调结果；而advise sb. to do sth.和try to persuade sb. to do sth.意为“劝某人做某事”，强调动作。

3 lack：可用作动词（vi.＆vt.）和名词。主要义项有：缺乏，不足；不足之物，欠缺之物。

注意：lack用作名词时常与介词of连用，用作动词常与介词for连用。

Eg. We have no lack of food. 我们不缺乏食物。

It was lack of current capital that defeated their business. “因为缺少流动资本,他们的企业才告失败。”

Owing to lack of time, we cannot do more than what we have done.

由于时间不够，我们只能做到这样。

vt. 缺乏；不足；没有

He lacks courage. 他缺乏勇气。

Their actions lack consistency; they say one thing and do another.

“他们言行不一,说的是一回事,做的又是另一回事。”

短少；不足；需要

Something is lacking. 缺少点什么东西。

Is she lacking in courage? 她缺乏勇气吗?

They did not lack for money.他们并不缺钱。

【习惯用语】

For\ by\ from\ through lack of 因缺乏...; 因无...

supply the lack 补缺

be lacking in 在...缺少[不足]

no lack of 不缺乏, 很多

lack (for)…缺乏

4 infect vt.

传染；使感染Be infected with cholera被传染上霍乱

One of the boys in the class had a fever and he soon infected other children.

班上的一个孩子发烧了，不久他就传染上了其他孩子。

“If your eyes are infected, you must go to an oculist.”

“如果你的眼睛受到感染,就要去看眼科医生。”

感染；影响

Mary's high spirits infected all the girls in the class.玛丽振奋的精神感染了班上所有的女孩子。

be infected with感染, 沾染上

infector n.传播者, 传染者

infectious adj.有传染性的, 易传染的, 有感染力的

“Colds are infectious, and so are some eye diseases.”“感冒是传染的,有些眼病也是传染的。”

an infectious laugh有感染力的笑声

infectious water带菌水

vi.受感染

I didn't pay any attention to it because I never infect.

我对这事毫不注意, 因为我从来未受感染。

5 deadly adj.-lier, -liest

致命的

Fog is the sailor's deadly enemy.雾是航海者最致命的敌人。

势不两立的，殊死的

极度的，非常的deadly haste至急

死一般的a dead paleness如死人般的苍白

adv.如死一般地;极度地；非常地

deadly dull极为枯燥无味

6 cheer n. 欢呼,喝彩[C]

A cheer arose from the crowd when the president appeared.

当总统露面时,人群中发出了欢呼声。

振奋,高兴;鼓励,激励[U]

The doctor spoke words of cheer to the sick child.

医生向病孩说了一些鼓励的话。

He's always full of cheer at Christmas.圣诞节他总是兴致勃勃。

vt., vi.欢呼；喝采

The good news of our football team winning the game cheered up everybody who heard it.

我们足球队获胜的喜讯使每一个听到的人都感到高兴。

Cheer up! The news isn't too bad.振作起来吧!消息还不算太坏。

（常与on连用）以欢呼声激励；为…加油

The crowd cheered their favourite team on.观众为自己支持的球队欢呼加油。

Cheer int.干杯

What cheer with you?近况如何?近来心情好否?

with good cheer高高兴兴地; 欢乐地; 心甘情愿地

cheer up(用话)鼓舞(某人);高兴起来, 振奋起来;打起精神来! 别灰心!

7 discourage vt.-aged, -aging

使丧失勇气；使气馁；使沮丧

Don't let one failure discourage you, try again.不要因为一次失败就气馁，再试一试看。

“If you meet with any difficulty in your study, don't be discouraged.”

“如果你学习中遇到什么困难,不要灰心。”

试图阻止；阻拦；劝阻

The school teachers discourage smoking.学校老师不赞成吸烟。

His parents discouraged him from joining the airforce.他的父母亲劝他不要参加空军。

Inflation discourages saving.通货膨胀阻碍储蓄的积累。

discourage from阻止[妨碍, 不鼓励]做...; 使失信心

encourage vt.鼓励, 激励, 怂恿;赞助, 促进, 助长

encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人(做某事)

be encouraged by受...鼓励[鼓舞]

8 identify vt. -fied, -fying

认出；识别；鉴定

I identified the jacket at once; it was my brother's.“我立即认出了那件外套,它是我兄弟的。

identify handwriting鉴定笔迹

（与with连用）认为同一

He identifies beauty with goodness.他认为美与善是一致的。

（与with连用）与…有关系

That politician is too closely identified with the former government to become a minister in ours.”那位政客被认为与上届政府关系过于密切,不能成为本届政府里的部长。“

（常与with连用）同情；理解

She identified with foreign workers.她同情并理解外籍工人。

identify oneself with支持; 参与; 与....密切结合; 和....打成一片

9 for the moment：暂时, 目前

Eg. I have nothing to do for the moment. 我目前没事做。

Stop the discussion for the moment. 请暂停讨论。

at any moment随时; 在任何时候; 马上

at moments时刻, 常常

at the last [critical] moment在最后关头

at the moment此刻; (正当)那时

every moment时时刻刻

for a moment片刻

in a moment一会儿, 不久; 立即, 马上

in one's extreme [last] moment在临终时刻

not [never] for a moment决不; 从来没有

of great moment关系重大的 matter of great moment重大事件

of no moment不重要的, 无足轻重的

the moment立刻, 马上; 刚才

to the (very) moment及时, 准时, 不差片刻

10 contrary adj.（常与to连用）别扭的；格格不入的；固执的; 相反的；相对的

Mrs. Smith is too contrary to make friends easily.史密斯太太过于固执而不易交朋友。

contrary opinions相反的意见

n.-ries（前面与the连用）相反；反面；对立面

‘You must be tired.’ ‘On the contrary, I feel wide awake.’“你一定很累了。”“相反, 我感觉很清醒。”

Contrary adv.（常与to连用）相反地；相对地

He passed the examination, contrary to what I expected.他考试及格了，和我预料的情况相反。

Contrary to all advice he gave up his job and left for the south.”他不听任何劝告,放弃了工作,去了南方。“

be contrary to与...相反

by -ries相反地；出乎预料地

Many things in our lives go by contraries.在我们的生活当中，许多事情与预期相反。

on the contrary(与此)相反， (不是...)而是，反之

quite the contrary恰恰相反

just the contrary恰恰相反

to the contrary反对地，与此相反地，有相反情况

He produced no evidence to the contrary.他没有拿出相反的证据。

11 live with忍受

”I don't enjoy the pain, but I can live with it.“”我虽然不以疼痛为乐,但还可以忍受。“

live adj.活的, 生动的, 精力充沛的, 实况转播的, 点燃的

vi.活着, 生活, 居住

vt.过着, 度过, 经历

None of the others have lived my experiences.其他人没有一个经历过我的这些遭遇。

adv.以实况地

live down悔过自新使人忘掉

He was drunk at school--he'll never live it down.”他上学时喝醉过 - 他怎么改,人们也忘不了。“

live for为…而活着

live up to真正做到，生活得无愧于

We will live up to what our parents expect of us.我们决不辜负父母亲对我们的期望。

Did the TV play live up to your expectations?这部电视剧有你期望的那样好吗?

（与on, off连用）靠…生活

The minority in the primitive forest used to live on a diet of wild animals.

原始森林里的少数民族过去用野兽作为主食。

I live off the money from my first book.我靠我第一本书赚的钱生活。

Unit 8

1 aid n.帮助；援助

first aid急救

帮助者；有帮助的事物

An English-Chinese Dictionary is an important aid in learning the English.

一本英汉词典是学习英语的重要工具。

Vt\vi .帮助；援助

I aided him with money.我资助了他。

They aided in solving the problem.他们帮忙解决这个问题。

by the aid of借助于, 通过...的帮助

with the aid of借助于, 通过...的帮助

come to sb.'s aid前来[去]援助某人

in aid of用以援助...; 作为援助...之用

2 recommend

vt. 推荐；推举

Can you recommend a good dictionary?你能介绍一本好词典吗？

劝告；忠告 [O2][+v-ing][+that]

I recommend you to comply with safety regulations.我劝你遵守安全规则。

I recommend you to wait.我劝你等一等。

（与to连用）交付；托付

The dying man recommended his soul to God.这垂危病人把灵魂交付上帝。

recommend a child to sb.把小孩子托给某人照管

3 witness cn.(=eyewitness)目击者; (在法庭上经过宣誓的)证人 [(+of/to)]

Un [主要用于give witness, bear witness]证据, 证明; 证词+to)]

a witness of the accident事件的目击者

She gave witness on behalf of the accused person.她替被告作证。

vt., vi.亲眼看见，目睹

He witnessed the accident.他亲眼看见那个意外事故。

（常与for, againt,to连用）作证；连署

None could witness that he was present.没有人能证明他在场。

witness against [for] the accused证明被告有罪[无罪]

He witnessed to the facts.他为事实作证。

表示；表明

His tears witnessed the shame he felt.他的眼泪说明他感到羞愧。

bear false witness against sb.作对某人不利的伪证

bear witness to构成...的证据;为...作证, 证明

call... to witness请...证明; 传...做证人

give witness on behalf of sb.为某人作证

in witness of作为...的证明, 为...作证

4 silent, quiet, still, calm, noiseless

silent主要指人“沉默的,不出声的”，但不一定无活动。

quiet意为“安静的,宁静的”，指人时表示生性安静，不易激动；用于自然环境时，指没有干扰活动、没有喧闹声的寂静状态。

still意为“安静的，不动的”，不指心理状态，指环境和人“静的，静止的”状态。

calm意为“镇静的，平静的”，主要指人“沉着镇定”，指自然界“无风无浪”。

noiseless意为“声音很轻的，无声的”,常用来形容机器。

Exercises:（1）This is a ______ typewriter.

（2）In order not to lose the job, he kept _____ about the matter.

（3）It is a ______ place；I enjoy living here.

（4）Mary is a ______ girl.

（5）He remained ______ in face of danger.

（6）Stand ______ while I take a photo of you.

（7）We visited Beijing in ______ weather.

答案：（1）noiseless （2）silent （3）quiet （4）quiet （5）calm （6）still （7）calm

5 panic n.恐慌,惊慌[C\U]

Rumours of an imminent earthquake started a panic.谣传即将发生地震引起了一阵恐慌。

feel panic感到惊慌

be in a panic在惊慌中

be seized with a panic惊慌失措

cause a panic引起恐慌

a.恐慌的;起于恐慌的 a panic fear莫明其妙的恐慌

vt.使恐慌（常与into连用）

The idea might panic the investors.这个想法可能会使投资者惶恐不安。

The banks were panicked into selling dollars.银行惊恐地抛售美元。

vi.十分惊慌[(+at/over)]

”Don't panic, boys; there's no danger.“”不要慌,孩子们;没有危险。“

6 Respond vi.作答,回答[(+to)]

Has she responded to your letter?她有没有回过你的信?

作出反应;响应[(+to/by/with)]

The government has responded to pressure and dropped the proposal.

政府已在压力下放弃了这一建议。

(对治疗等)有良好反应;(对操纵等)作出灵敏反应[(+to)]

The patient is responding well to treatment.病人对治疗反应良好。

Response n.回答, 响应, 反应

in response to响应, 反应

make no response不回答

7 slight adj.轻微的, 微小的

I have a slight headache.我有点轻微的头疼。

a slight difference微小的区别

vt.轻[蔑]视;玩忽, 怠慢

feel slighted感觉受到轻蔑

slight one's work玩忽职守

make slight of轻视

not in the slightest一点不, 完全不

put a slight on [upon] sb.蔑视某人; 慢待[轻视]某人

slight over轻视; 草率从事

8 match vt.\Vi

使较量,使比赛[(+against/with)]

Read will be matched against Stone in the semifinal.里德将在半决赛中与斯通较量。

敌得过,比得上[(+for/in)]

His latest film doesn't match his previous ones.他最新的一部影片比不上他以前的一些影片。

These two are well matched in strength.他们俩势均力敌。

和...相配,和...相称

The color of the shirt does not match that of the tie.衬衫的颜色与领带不相配。

The curtains do not match with the decoration.窗帘与室内装璜不相配。

使比较;使成对,使相配[(+with)]

Can you match this fabric?你能找一块和这相配的布吗?

n.比赛, 竞赛;对手; 相似的人[物], 相配的人[物]

You are no match for him.你不是他的对手。

9 catch fire：着火

Eg. The house caught fire. 房子着火了。

相关归纳：（1）（be） on fire着火

Eg. When he arrived, he found the house was still on fire.他到的时候，发现那幢房子还在烧。

（2）make a fire生火

Eg. They made a fire to keep warm. 他们生火取暖。

（3）start/light a fire点火

Eg. They started a fire to be seen by the rescuing team.他们点火好让援救队看见。

（4）put out the fire扑灭大火

Eg. The fire had been put out before the firemen arrived.

消防队员还未赶到大火就被扑灭了。

（5）set...on fire/set fire to纵火，放火烧

Eg. The Japanese set fire to his house.日本人烧了他的家。

注意：fire所构成的短语中定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词的使用。

play with fire玩火；冒险

under fire受到攻击

10 count vt., vi.

点数；数；算to count from 1 to 100从1数到100

计算；清点；总计达…Count these apples.清点一下这些苹果。

认为；视为；看作[(+as/among)]

count it an honor (to do sth.)（把做某事）引以为荣

You should count yourself fortunate in having good health.

你身体健康,这就算幸运了

有价值；重要；有用Every second counts.每一秒钟都很重要。

In sport what really counts is not the winning but the playing.

就运动而言,重要的不是赢,而是参与。

count down倒数计时

count on依靠;指望；期待 (= count upon) count out 〈拳击〉宣告失败

11 free from

v.解除

ph.没有;免于;无...之忧;无...之搀杂

12 upside down adv.颠倒, 混乱

13 roll over(睡时)翻身, 反侧

篇3：高考英语复习（一）高二英语Unit 4-unit 6语言点(人教版高二英语上册教案教学设计)

Unit 4

1 intention n. 计划；目的意图 [C][U][(+of)][+to-v]

I began reading with the intention of finishing the book, but I never did.

我开始读这本书时想读完它，可是我从来就没把它读完。

He has no intention of marrying yet. 他还没有要结婚的打算。

What is your intention? 你的意图究竟是什么?

【习惯用语】

by intention 故意

have no intention of doing ... 无意做...

with the intention of 抱有...目的, 打算

with the best of intentions 好心好意, 出于一片好心

without intention 无意中, 不是故意地

2 call up 召集；动员 ;使人想起 (= call upon)

call for 需要；要求；值得： to call for bid 招标

The occasion calls for a cool head. 这种场合需要冷静的头脑。

call back召回; 收回; 取消; 撤销; 回想, 回忆; 回电话

call in收集; 收回(货币)不再流通; 邀请

call off 取消; 叫走; 使转移

call on拜访; 要求, 请求, 招致; 指名

call out大声喊叫; 召集; 命令(工人)罢工; 使跃出; 向...挑战; 要求和...

3 stand out 突出; 出色; 显著 ; 坚持；支撑

to stand out a crisis 挨过危机

stand as 作(侯选人)竞选

stand by 袖手旁观 ;站在一起, 帮助 ;维持, 遵守

stand for代表, 象征, 意味着 ;支持, 主张, 赞成 ;参加...的竞选 ;[口]容忍

stand to 守(约, 条件等); 继续做下去; 准备行动; 坚决主张; 坚持; 进入阵地

stand up against 抵抗, 反对, 同...对抗

stand up for 拥护, 辩护

4 absence n.不在,缺席[U][C][(+from)]

She never speaks ill of anyone in his or her absence.她从不乘人不在时说别人的坏话。

缺少,缺乏[U][(+of)]

The absence of color in that drawing makes it dull.那幅画因没有着色而显得晦暗。

in the absence of 缺乏...时; 当...不在时

leave of absence 请假, 准假

absence of mind 精神不集中; 心不在焉

5 come into being：形成, 产生

相关归纳：（1）come into power 上台、掌权、执政

Eg. This government came to/into power in .本政府于1998 年执掌政权。

（2）come into effect 实行；实施；生效

Eg. The law came into effect on October 15.那项法律于10月15日生效。

（3）come into use 开始被使用

Eg. The telephone first came into use in the 1870s.电话在19世纪70年代开始使用。

（4）come into sight/view 可以望见；出现在眼前

Eg. As we rounded the bend the lake came into view.我们转过弯，那个湖泊就展现在我们眼前了。

come into fashion 开始流行

come to涉及；谈及

When it comes to politics I know nothing. 谈到政治，我一无所知。

获致；到达；结束 They came to the conclusion that they had made an unforgivable mistake. 他们得到的结论是他们犯了一个不可饶恕的错误。

The water came to my waist. 水已达我的腰部。

总共；共计 The bill came to $5.50. 账款共计5美元50美分。

突然想起 Suddenly the words of the song came to me. 我猛然想起了这首歌的歌词。

come to oneself (昏迷后)苏醒过来; 恢复理性, 停止胡闹

to come 未来的, 将要到来的

come across偶然碰见; 无意中找到 ;出现于, 想到

come about发生; (风等)改变方向; 转帆, 转航向

How come? [口]为什么? 怎么会? 怎么搞的?

How comes it that? (=How is it that...?) [口]为什么? 怎么回事?

6 apart adv. 分离, 分成零件, 分别地, 分离着

adj. 分开的

apart from除…外;此外 ; 离开

All the children like music apart from Bobby. 除了博比外所有的孩子都喜欢音乐。

The writer lives apart from his family. 作家不与家人同住。

Apart from being too large, the trousers don't suit me.

这条裤子不但太大,而且我穿着也不合适。

Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all.

除了很少的几句外,我对法语一无所知。

tell ... apart 区分; 分辨(两种事物)

far apart 离得很远

7 send for召唤, 派人去拿

Send someone for a doctor.派人去请医生来。

I send him for some sugar.我派他去买一些糖。

相关归纳（1）send off 送别；发出

go to a station to send a person off 到车站给某人送行

We have sent off all the invitations.我们已经把全部的请帖发出去。

（2）send out 发出，放出；长出

She sent out three hundred invitations.她发出300张请帖。

In spring the trees begin to send out new leaves.春天树木开始长出新叶。

A fire sends out light and warmth.火发出光和热。

（3）send in 叫……进来；提交，递

Send her in.叫她进来。

send in one’s card递名片

He has sent three paintings in for the exhibition.他已送出三幅画参加展览。

8 recommend vt.

篇4：高考复习一人教版高二Unit17-20语言点(人教版高考复习英语教案教学设计)

Unit 17

1 guidance n. 指导，指引

He did the work with his teacher's guidance. 他在老师的指导下做了这件工作。

under sb.'s guidance 在某人指导下

traffic guidance 交通管理

【习惯用语】

take sb. under one's guidance 置某人于自己的庇护之下

2 gift n.

天赋;才能[C][(+for)]

He is a man of gifts.他是个多才多艺的人。

The boy has a gift for music.这男孩有音乐天赋。

礼品[C]

She has got lots of birthday gifts.她得到了许多生日礼物。

【英】【口】极便宜的东西;极容易做的事[S]

At five dollars, it is a gift!只卖五美元,那真是便宜。

vt.赋予[(+with)]

He was gifted with a good voice.他天生一个好嗓子。

【习惯用语】

have a gift for 对...有天赋

in sb.'s gift 有赠与权; 为某人所赠与; 由某人安排处理

in the gift of sb. 有赠与权; 为某人所赠与; 由某人安排处理

3 assist vt.帮助,协助[(+with/in)][O]

We asked him to assist us in designing a new bridge.

我们请他帮助我们设计一座新桥

assist sb. to his feet 搀扶某人站起来

vi.帮助,协助[(+with/in)]

He assisted in designing the new bridge.他协助设计那条新桥。

习惯用语】

assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人[做某事]

assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人[做某事]

assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人[做某事]

用法归纳

*assist有如下用法：（1）＋宾语；（2）＋宾语＋介词＋（代）名词；（3）＋宾语＋副词（短语）；（4）＋宾语＋to do。

特别提示用作不及物动词时常与介词in和with搭配。

4 sympathy n.

同情,同情心[U][(+for/with)]

I have no sympathy for beggars.我不同情乞丐。

一致,同感;赞同[U][(+with)]

Many people are in sympathy with your views.许多人赞同你的看法。

I have no sympathy with your silly ideas.我不赞成你那愚蠢的主意。

怜悯，慰问

a letter of sympathy 慰问信

【习惯用语】

express sympathy for (对...表示)慰问

feel sympathy for (=have sympathy for) 同情

in sympathy with 同情; 赞成; 和...一致

out of sympathy with 对...不同情; 不赞成; 对...没有同感, 和...不一致

win sympathy of 博得...的同情

5 adjust vt.

调节;改变...以适应[(+to)]

She must learn to adjust herself to English life.她必须学会适应英国的生活。

校正;校准;调整

I must adjust my watch, it's fast.我的表快了,我得把它校准。

adjust the errors 校正误差

vi.调整;校准；适应[(+to)]

Astronauts in flight must adjust to weightlessness.宇航员在飞行中得适应失重状态。

【习惯用语】

adjust to... 使自己适应于

adjust oneself to... 使自己适应于

6 victory n.

胜利;战胜;成功[C][U][(+in/over)]

The basketball team had a string of victories last season.这个篮球队在上一个赛季中赢得了一连串的胜利。

a major victory 大捷

narrow victory 很勉强的胜利, 险胜

【习惯用语】

gain [have, obtain, win] a (the) victory over 战胜...; 击败...

【参考词汇】

victory conquest 都含“取胜”、“胜利”的意思。

victory 指“在战争、竞赛、斗争中获胜”, 并有“击败对方或敌人”的含义, 如:

They won a victory in battle. 他们在战斗中获胜。

conquest 指“征服某国或某民族, 从而使之处于被支配地位的胜利或战胜”, 如:

They succeeded in the conquest of that city. 他们夺取了那城市。

7 sense

8 participate vi.

. 参加,参与[(+in)]

No professionals participated in the contest.没有职业选手参加这一比赛。

Everyone can participate in this game.每个人都能参加这游戏。

分享,分担[(+in/with)]

participate in profits 分享利润

含有,带有[(+of)]

His poems participate of the nature of satire.他的诗带有讽刺性。

9 role n.[C]角色

She played the leading role in the school play.她在学校的戏里扮演主角。

the leading role 主角

作用,任务

He denied any role in the robbery.他否认曾参与这起抢劫案。

【习惯用语】

fill the role of 担负...的任务

play an important role in 在...中起重要作用

play the leading role 起主要作用, 起带头作用

play the role of(sb.) (在剧中)扮演(某人)角色

10 impair vt.削弱;减少

Fatigue impaired their judgment.疲劳削弱了他们的判断力。

损害,损伤

Poor food impaired her health.粗劣的食物损害了她的健康。

adj. impaired 受损的；变差的

TV reception may be impaired in some areas.某些地区电视的接收效果可能会受到影响。

Unit 18

1 reject vt. 拒绝；不接受

He rejected their invitation point-blank. 他直截了当地拒绝了他们的邀请。

We rejected his idea for a music club, and decided to have an art club instead.

我们没有采纳他关于成立音乐俱乐部的想法，而是决定成立艺术俱乐部。

丢弃

驳回;否决

The prisoner's plea for pardon was rejected.该犯的赦免请求被驳回了。

reject an offer of help 拒绝别人提供的帮助

reject an appeal 驳回上诉

a rejected suitor 未被接受的求婚者

2 possibility

n.可能性[U][(+of)][+that]

There is a good possibility of rain tonight.今晚很可能要下雨。

可能的事,可能发生的事[C]

Life on other planets is a possibility.其他行星上有生命是可能的。

发展前途,潜在价值c

He is a man of possibilities.他是一个有发展前途的人。

be within [out of] the range of possibility ... 是可能[不可能]的

by any possibility 万一, 也许

by some possibility 或许

What are the -ties? 有哪些可能发生的情况?

Is it a possibility that you will work abroad? 你有可能去国外工作吗？

There is no possibility of his coming. 他不可能来。

3 otherwise ad.

用别的方法;不同样地

We'll get there somehow, by boat or otherwise.我们总要设法去那里的,乘船也好,用其他办法也好。

We were going to play football, but it was so hot that we decided to do otherwise.

我们原打算踢足球，可是天很热，我们就决定干别的了。

在其他方面;除此以外

The rent is a bit high, but otherwise the house is satisfactory.这所房子租金贵了点,但在其他方面倒是令人满意的。

否则,不然

I'm not feeling very well today -- otherwise I would do it myself.

今天我身体不太舒服,否则这事我就亲自去做了。

【习惯用语】

and otherwise 等等, 及其他

but otherwise 然而在别的方面却

or otherwise 或相反

otherwise from 不同于

otherwise than 与...不同的; 除...之外

4 attempt vt.

试图;企图;试图做[+to-v][+v-ing]

They attempted to finish the task before July.他们试图在七月以前完成这项任务。

试图攻占

They attempted the life of the dictator.他们试图杀死这个独裁者。

n.[C]企图,尝试[(+at/on)][+to-v]

He made an attempt on the world record.他试图打破世界纪录。

Her attempt at poetry was a failure.她尝试写诗失败了。

Zhang Jian made an attempt to swim across the English Channel.

张健试图游过英吉利海峡。

They decreased their production in an attempt to push the prices.

他们减少生产量，以试图抬高价格。

攻击[(+on)]

Several attempts have been made on the president's life.已经有人三番五次试图谋杀总统。

【习惯用语】

make an attempt at 打算; 试图

make an attempt at to do 打算; 试图

make an attempt on 试图夺取

make an attempt on sb.'s life 试图杀害某人

in an attempt to 力图, 试图

用法归纳

*attempt 可用作名词和及物动词，意为：努力、尝试、企图、未遂行为；尝试；试图；试图征服（危险的山、海等）。

特别提示

attempt 用作及物动词表示“试图；企图”时，常含结果失败之意。

5 allow for考虑[(+for)]

In working with this cloth, be sure to allow for shrinking.用这种布缝衣,务必考虑到洗后会缩水。

Allowing for inflation, the cost of the project is $2 million.考虑到通货膨胀的因素，这个项目的费用为200万美元。

注：allow vt. 允许,准许[O][+v-ing]

Swimming is not allowed at this beach.这片海滩禁止游泳。

She allowed us to smoke.她允许我们抽烟。

准...进;准...出[O]

He doesn't allow cats in the room.他不允许猫进入房内。

【书】承认[+that]

He allowed that they were right.他承认他们是对的。

vi.容许[(+of)]

The situation allows of no delay.情况不容许有任何延误。

篇5：高二unit 1 语言点教案(人教版高一英语上册教案教学设计)

Warming up

1. Make a/no/some difference 有作用，关系，影响

The rain didn’t make much difference to the game. 这场雨对比赛没多大影响。

Your age shouldn’t make any difference to whether you get the job or not. 你能否得到工作与你的年龄无关。

Changing schools made a big difference to my life. 转学对我的一生有重大影响。

I don’t think it makes a lot of difference what color it is. 我认为颜色无关紧要。

2. undertake(undertook，undertaken) vt．承担，从事，负责；（允诺，答应 undertake to do ）

例：He undertook the difficult task willingly．他欣然承担那项困难的工作。

1 will undertake the responsibility for you．我会为你负起责任。

He undertook to finish the job by Friday. 他答应星期五或之前完成这项工作。

Speaking

3. There is no doubt that．毫无疑问．．

例：There is no doubt that our team will win．我队获胜是毫无疑问的。

I don't doubt that we will win the game．(否定句用that)我不怀疑我们将会赢得这场比赛。

Do you doubt that he has passed the final examination ? (疑问句用that)你怀疑他已通过期末考试了吗?

I doubt whether he is the best man for the job．(肯定句用whether)我怀疑他是否是担任那项工作的最适当人选。

Reading

4. imagine 用法 (imagine (sb) doing, imagine that …. )

5. promising (形) 有希望的，有前途的，前途光明的

例：a promising actress有前途的女演员

6. give up

7. dream of /about /that

8. hope for / to do /that

9. There didn't seem much point in working on my PhD-I didn't expect to survive that long

取得博士学位对我来说没有什么意义，我没有期望活那么久。

1）PhD(Doctor of Philosophy ) 指“博士学位”

2）There is no point in doing sth．表示“做某事没有作用或没有意义”。

例：There is no point in arguing further．继续争执下去没有意义了。

There is no point in protesting．It won’t help much．抗议没有什么用处，于事无补。

Expect 预料，预计，期待，盼望；期望常用搭配：expect (sb) to do, expect that

3）Survive vi. 生存，存活 vt. 幸存，挺过，艰难度过

She was the last surviving member of the family. 她是这家人中仅存的一员。

Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived. 因车祸受伤的6人中，只有2人幸存。

The company managed to survive the crisis. 公司设法度过了危机。

Many birds didn’t survive the severe winter. 许多鸟死于这次严冬。

4）that在此处为副词，意为“那么”，可以修饰形容词。

例：I didn't expect he was that rude．我没料到他会那么粗鲁。

10. In fact，things were going rather well for me and I had gotten engaged to a very nice girl，Jan Wilde．事实上，事情发展得还挺顺利。我和一位非常好的女孩简怀尔得订婚了。

get／be engaged to sb．“与某人订婚”

Did you hear they have got engaged last month? 你有没有听说他们上个月订婚的消息?

Be engaged in(on)+n．／doing sth．从事(工作)的，忙于……的

例：She was engaged in protecting wild birds．她从事保护野生鸟类的工作。

He is now engaged on his second novel. 他正埋头写他的第二部小说。

be engaged (电话等)通话中的，占线中的，相当于美国英语的busy．

例：The line／number is engaged。线路被占用。

engagement n．订婚(to)

例：announce one's engagement to…宣布与…订婚

break off one's engagement解除婚约，解约

engagement ring订婚戒指(戴在左手无名指上)

11. Since then，Hawking has continued to seek answers to questions about the nature of the universe．从那时起，霍金就继续寻求关于宇宙特征的问题的答案。

seek+(for after)+名词搜寻，寻找；寻求，探求；追求

例：They sought shelter from the rain．他们找寻避雨的地方。

He found it worthless to seek fame．他发现追求名声是不值得的。

We must seek (for) a solution to the problem 我们必须寻求解决问题的方法。

Seek to do 试图，设法

They quickly sought to distance themselves from the protester. 他们迅速设法远离抗议者。

12. Scientists，on the other hand，Hawking writes，know that their job is never finished and that even the best theory can turn out to be wrong．

霍金写到，从另一个方面说，科学家知道他们的工作是永无止境的，即使是最完美的理论，也可能是错误的。

Turn out to be“结果是”“最后的情况是”+副／+形／+to do／+that．．

The weatherman said it was going to rain this afternoon but it turned out to be very lovely．天气预报说今天下午有雨，其实今天天气非常好。

Despite our worries everything turned out well. 尽管我们很担心，一切都很顺利。

The lecture turned out to be very dull．讲座结果很无聊。

The rumor turned out (to be) true．那谣言后来证明是真的。

It turned out (that) two travelers had been killed 后来证实(查明)有两位旅客丧生。

turn out vt. (可分开用 ) 生产 (产品)，出产

The factory can turn out l000cars a day．这家工厂一天能生产1000辆汽车。

13. observe vt.观察，看到，注意到

She has observed the stars all her life. 她一生观察星体。

They observed the thief stealing /steal the money. 他们看见这个小偷偷了钱。（observe sb do /doing sth.）

vt. 遵守（规则，法律等）

language study

14. use sth up 用光

Making soup is a good way of using up leftover vegetables. 把剩下的蔬菜全部用来做汤是个好主意。

Integrating skills

15. Everyone has his or her special skills and interests，and only by discovering what we do best can we hope to reach our goals and truly make a difference．

每个人都有自己的专长和兴趣，只有发现自己的专长，我们才能期望达到自己的目标，真正与众不同。

Only修饰介词短语或从句时，要求倒装。

例：Only at that time did I realize its importance．直到那时我才意识到它的重要性。

Only in this way can you make progress in your English study．只有这样你才能在英语学习上取得进步。

Only修饰主语时，通常置于主语之前。

例：Only you understand me．只有你了解我。

Only修饰主语以外时，通常置于动词之前(有be动词、助动词时，则置于其后)

例：She only eats vegetables．她只吃蔬菜。

I only lent you the money．那笔钱我只是借给你(不是给你)。

He only works when he’s got homework．他只在有家庭作业时才做功课。

I’ve only seen him once．我只见过他一次。

语法：不定式易错点

1）不定式动词在介词but，except，后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带to，否则要带to。

例如： She could do nothing but cry．她只会哭了。

I have no choice but to go．我不得不走。

2）作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。例如：

He is looking for a room to live in ．他在找一个房间住。

There is nothing to worry about．无什么可担心的。

Please give me a knife to cut with．请给我把刀子来切东西。

3）当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其意义有所不同。试比较：

A)Have you anything to send?你有什么东西要寄吗?(不定式tosend的动作执行者是you)

B)Have you anything to be sent?你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗?(不定式to be sent的动作执行者是已被省略的me或someone else)

4）不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式逻辑上构成主谓关系时，不定式往往用主动形式。

Have you got a key to unlock the door? 你有开门的钥匙吗?

5）不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动形式。

I have got a letter to write．我有封信要写。

He needs a room to live in．他需要间屋子住。

6）不定式作表语形容词的状语，和句中的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式多用主动形式，这是因为人们往往认为形容词后省去了for one或for people．例如：

He is hard to talk to．很难跟他交谈。

The book is difficult to understand．这本书很难懂。

但如果强调句中的受事者时，亦可用不定式被动句。例如：

The handwriting is very difficult to be read．这字太难认读了。

The box is to heavy to be lifted．这箱子太重举不起来。

7）在there be结构中，当说话人考虑的是必须有人去完成某件事时，不定式用主动形式，如果说话人强调的是事情本身必须完成，则用被动形式。

There is a lot of work to do． (Somebody has to do the work．)

There is a lot of work to be done．(The work has to be done．)

请注意下面两个句子的含义是不同的：

There is nothing to do．意为无事可做，感到十分乏味。

There is nothing to be done．意为某东西坏了，无法使之恢复正常。

Unit 1 知识清单

Warming up

1. Make a/no/some difference 意义是什么？

The rain didn’t make much difference to the game.

Your age shouldn’t make any difference to whether you get the job or not.

Changing schools made a big difference to my life.

I don’t think it makes a lot of difference what color it is.

2. undertake过去式和过去分词形式是什么？两个常用意思是什么？

例：He undertook the difficult task willingly．

1 will undertake the responsibility for you．

He undertook to finish the job by Friday.

3. There is no doubt（毫无疑问．．）后面的同位语从句的连词是什么？．

There is no doubt_______ our team will win．我队获胜是毫无疑问的。

I don't doubt_______we will win the game．(否定句用_______)我不怀疑我们将会赢得这场比赛。

Do you doubt_______ he has passed the final examination ? (疑问句用that)你怀疑他已通过期末考试了吗?

I doubt_______ he is the best man for the job．(肯定句用_______)我怀疑他是否是担任那项工作的最适当人选。

Reading

4. imagine 用法是什么？

5. promising (形) 是什么意思？

例：a promising actress

6. give up是什么意思？

7. dream 常用搭配有哪些？

8. hope for / to do /that 分别是什么意思？

9。 PhD(Doctor of Philosophy ) 指“__________”

10. There is no point in doing sth．表示“__________”。

例：There is no point in arguing further．

There is no point in protesting．It won’t help much．

11. Expect 有哪些意思？常用搭配有哪些？

12. Survive vi. ________ vt. _________________

She was the last surviving member of the family.

Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.

The company managed to survive the crisis.

Many birds didn’t survive the severe winter.

13. There didn't seem much point in working on my PhD-I didn't expect to survive that long 这里that 用法是什么？

14. get／be engaged to sb．意思是“_____________”；而 Be engaged in(on)+n．／doing sth．意思是_____________________.

Did you hear they have got engaged last month?

例：She was engaged in protecting wild birds．

He is now engaged on his second novel.

be engaged (电话等________________，相当于美国英语的busy．

engagement n． (to) 是什么意思？

例：announce one's engagement to; break off one's engagement; engagement ring

15. seek+(for after)+名词意思是什么？

例：They sought shelter from the rain．

He found it worthless to seek fame．

We must seek (for) a solution to the problem

Seek to do 意思是什么？

They quickly sought to distance themselves from the protester. 他们迅速设法远离抗议者。

16. Turn out to be+副／+形／+to do／+that．．是什么意思？

The weatherman said it was going to rain this afternoon but it turned out to be very lovely．

Despite our worries everything turned out well.

The lecture turned out to be very dull．

The rumor turned out (to be) true．

It turned out (that) two travelers had been killed

turn out vt. 还有什么意思？

The factory can turn out l000cars a day．这家工厂一天能生产1000辆汽车。

17. observe vt. 意思是_____________ 作为感官动词常用的搭配是_________

She has observed the stars all her life.

They observed the thief stealing /steal the money.

vt. ______________ 如：observe the law

18. use sth up 意思是___________

Making soup is a good way of using up leftover vegetables.

19. only 在句子中的位置一般在哪里？另外，只要在句首就倒装吗？

20. 语法：不定式易错点

1）不定式动词在介词but，except后面时，要注意哪些问题？

例如： She could do nothing but cry．

I have no choice but to go．

2）研究以下例句，说出做定语的不定式需要注意的问题。

He is looking for a room to live in ．他在找一个房间住。

There is nothing to worry about．无什么可担心的。

Please give me a knife to cut with．请给我把刀子来切东西。

3）试比较下面的例句，它们在意义上有什么区别？

A)Have you anything to send?

B)Have you anything to be sent?

4）不定式修饰的名词或代词经常用主动形式还是被动形式？

如：Have you got a key to unlock the door?

I have got a letter to write．

He needs a room to live in．

6）不定式作表语形容词的状语，和句中的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式多用主动形式还是被动形式？

如： He is hard to______．A talk to B be talked with 很难跟他交谈。

The book is difficult to． A understand B be understood 这本书很难懂。

7）在there be结构中，to do 做定语要注意些什么？

There is a lot of work to do． (Somebody has to do the work．)

There is a lot of work to be done．(The work has to be done．)

请注意下面两个句子的含义是不同的：

There is nothing to do．

There is nothing to be done．

篇6：高考复习（一）人教版高一（上）语言点Unit16-18(人教版高一英语上册教案教学设计)

1 advantage n.优势, 有利条件, 利益.

(1)优势；长处

Mary speaks good English, but she has an advantage because her mother is English.

玛丽英语说得好，因为她有一个有利条件，她妈妈是英国人。

Many women think this is an advantage for men.许多妇女认为这是男人的优越之处。

(2)利益；便利

Is there any advantage in getting there early?早到那里是否值得?

常用短语：take advantage of利用很好地使用；利用：占…的便宜自私地获利；剥削：

take advantage of all educational opportunities.利用一切教育机会

took advantage of the customer.欺骗消费者

to advantage有利产生良好效果；有利于：

The roses were displayed to advantage in a blue vase.玫瑰插在蓝色的花瓶中，产生了良好的效果。

be of advantage to对...有利 to sb.'s advantage(=to the advantage sb.)

gain\have an\the advantage over胜过, 优于

give sb. an advantage over使某人处于更有利的地位

turn out to sb.'s advantage变得对某人有利

turn sth. to advantage使转化为有利, 利用某事物

with advantage有利地, 有效地

2 disadvantage n.不利；不利条件

His inability to speak English puts him at a disadvantage when he attends international conferences.他不会说英语，这使他在参加国际会议时于不利的地位。

His bad health is a great disadvantage for him to get a good paid job.

他体弱多病对他求得一个薪水很高的工作很不利。

(be) at a disadvantage处于不利地位

put sb. at a disadvantage使某人处于不利地位

to sb.'s disadvantage对某人不利, 使某人吃亏

3 conduct n.行为；举止；举动；品行

His conduct disagrees with his words.他言行不一。

vt., vi.行为；举止；为人；表现；处理；经营；引导；实施

Your children conduct themselves well.你的孩子们表现甚佳。

My aunt conducts her business very successfully.我的婶婶把企业经营得很成功。

conduct an experiment做实验

conduct a survey进行侦察 conduct an opera指挥乐曲

常用短语：under the conduct of在...指导［管理］下

4 chargevt., vi.要价；索价；要人支付；收费

The fruit seller charged me too much money.这个水果商要了我很多的钱。

How much did he charge you for repairing the bicycle?他修理自行车收了你多少钱?

（与to, up to连用）记账；在帐册等上记入…

Don't forget to charge the money of the shoes to my account.别忘了把鞋钱记在我帐上。

（常与with连用）责令；公开指责；控诉

He was charged with stealing a car.他被指控偷了一辆汽车。

命令；使负责

She charged me to look after her daughter.她要我负责看管她的女儿。

（与with连用）使负责

装满；充满：

charge a furnace with coal.往壁炉里装炭

（常与up连用）使充电Does your car battery charged easily?你那辆汽车的蓄电池容易充电吗?

常用短语：in charge of负责

The chief engineer was in charge of directing the building of the subway.

主任工程师负责指挥地铁的建造工程。

in the charge of sb.由某人负责, 由某人照料[管理]

at one's own charge(s)自费, 用自己的钱

take charge of负责, 看管

under the charge of在...看管[负责]之下

charge with控告(某人)犯(某罪)；[通常用被动态]给(枪、炮等)装上(弹药)；使承担

5 prove

vt.证明,证实prove sth.

prove that Facts have proved that the creative power of the people knows no limits.事实证明人民的创造力是无穷的。

prove oneself (to be) +adj./n.

He proved himself to be a great scientist.

link-v. prove (to be)+adj\n.

He proved a successful manager

The method / drug proved (to be) highly effective.这个方法/这种药证明是非常有效的。

The article has proved most useful.这篇文章证明非常有用。

He proved (to be) a doctor.他原来是个医生。

6 control

7 pick out挑选，选出：分辨从环境中辩认出；分辨出

picked out the best piece of silk.挑出最好的一匹丝绸

picked out their cousins from the crowd.从人群中认出他们的堂兄弟

pick on选择;（作挨骂或受罚对象）挑中（某人）

Why pick on me?为什么偏偏挑中我？

pick up捡起;获得;收听; 承载（客人，货物等）; 学得通过学习或经历获得（知识）：购买：染上（病）：不经意得到随便或偶然地获得：

pick up speed加速

My radio can pick up France.我的收音机可收听法国广播。

The bus picks up commuters at three stops.公共汽车在三个站载送通勤者

picked up French very quickly.很快地学起法语来

8 sense n.

官能, 感觉, 判断力, 见识, ...感, 意义, 理性

vt.感到, 理解, 认识

He has a good sense of smell.他的嗅觉很灵敏。

A sense of humour is a great asset for a person. (喻)幽默感是一个人的宝贵资产。

He sensed that his proposals were unwelcome.他觉得他的建议不受欢迎。

常用短语：in a sense在某一方面；就某种意义来说

in no sense决不是, 决非

make sense有意义；意思清楚；有道理

make sense of理解；懂；明白

bring to one's senses使头脑正常[清醒过来], 开导某人, 使醒悟

there is no [some] sense in doing...做...是没有[有一些]道理的[意义的]

9 doubt n.怀疑；疑虑；未确定 [常用复]疑虑, 疑惧

There is no doubt that he is guilty.毫无疑问，他是有罪的。

I have (my) doubts about whether he is the best man for the job.

我怀疑他是否做这项工作的最好人选。

Please dismiss all doubts about it.请打消对此事的一切顾虑。

不信任；不相信We have no doubt of his ability.我们相信他的能力。

vt., vi.不确定；疑惑;不信任；怀疑看来…不会；不相信

I doubt that he'll come.我不相信他会来。

常用短语：beyond doubt[常作插入语]毫无疑问

throw doubt on对...产生怀疑, 使人对...产生怀疑

make no doubt(of) (对...)毫不怀疑;that)一定要设法确定

no doubt无疑地; [口]很可能

without (a) doubt无疑地

Unit 17

1 inspire 鼓励；激励

inspire sb. with hope激起某人的希望

I was inspired to work harder than ever before

.我受激励比以往任何时候都更加努力地工作。

inspire sth. in sb.使某人产生某种感情; 激发某人的某种感情

inspire sb. with sth.使某人产生某种感情; 激发某人的某种感情

inspire sth. into sb.把某种思想灌输给某人

2 mean adj.低劣的, 卑鄙的, 普通的, 吝啬的, 简陋的,不舒服的

vt.意谓, 想要, 预定 vi.用意, 有意义

I meant to give you this book today, but I forgot.

我本来打算今天给你这本书的，可是我忘了。

Peter's father was very mean; he never gave Peter any new clothes.

彼得的父亲很小气，他从不给彼得添新衣服。

He means this house for his daughter.他预定把这栋房子给女儿。

He was meant for [to be] a doctor.本来是准备把他培养成为医生的。

习惯用语：（1）be meant to do照道理[照规矩]应该必须；得要；

（2）Do you mean to say ...?你的意思是说...吗? 难道...吗?

（3）What do you mean by ...?你这是什么意思?

(=What on earth do you mean by ...?) 你怎么胆敢...? 你怎么竟然...?

（4）mean much [a great deal] to sb.对某人很重要; 对某人很可贵

（5）mean sb. for准备让某人干某工作

3 just in the corner

4 threaten vt., vi.恫吓；威胁

His father threatened to beat the boy if he stole again.

男孩的父亲威胁说如果他再偷东西的话，就要揍他。

预示…的恶兆；使有…的危险

The river of liquid rock threatened to surround him completely, but Tazieff managed to escape just in time.这股岩浆威胁着要将他团团围住,但泰哲夫还是设法及时躲开了。

5 die down渐弱，消退没劲了；平静了：

The winds died down.风渐渐平息了

die off相继死亡种群突然急剧的衰减：

Rabbits were dying off in that county.在那个地区的兔子相继死亡了，直至灭绝

die out灭绝完全的灭亡；灭绝：

tribes and tribal customs that died out centuries ago.部落和部落文化在几个世纪前就消灭了

6 regret n.遗憾, 悔恨, 抱歉, 歉意 vt.为...感到遗憾, 后悔, 惋惜, 哀悼, 懊悔 vi.感到抱歉

I regret spending so much money on a car.我后悔在一辆小汽车上花这么多钱。

I regret to say I cannot come.很抱歉，我不能来了。

He told me with regret that he could not come to the party.他很抱歉地对我说他不能来参加这个聚会了。

Much to my regret , I'm unable to accept your kind invitation.我不能接受你盛情的邀请, 非常遗憾。

express regret at [for, over]对...表示可惜[遗憾], 为...表示抱歉

7 value n 价值, 估价, 评价, 价格, [数]值, 确切涵义

vt.估价, 评价, 重视;尊重；珍视

What is the value of your house?你的房子值多少钱？

Your help has been of great value.你的帮助很有价值。

He valued the ring at $80.他估计这枚戒指值80美元。

I value your advice.我尊重你的劝告。

of no value没有价值的

value at估(某物的)价为

8 term n.学期, 期限, 期间, 条款, 条件, 术语

a term of office任期

to get a term of seven years in prison被判7年徒刑

He was made captain of the football team for a term of one year.

他被推选为足球队队长，任期一年。

(pl) 合同或协议书的条件、条款、细则

come to terms with与…达成协议

If you agree to my terms -- free meals and good wages - I will work for you.

如果你同意我的条件，免费用餐并给高薪，我就为你工作。

习惯用语：come to terms屈服; 妥协; 达成协议; 接受条件, 对...采取将就态度

during one's term of office在任职期间

in terms of依..., 据...; 从...方面; 从...角度来讲; 关于, 在...方面, 就...来说

in the long term从长远观点来看

in the short term就眼前来说

keep terms with sb.和...继续谈判, 与某人保持友好关系

9 promise

break [go back] one's [a] promise违背诺言, 违约

give [show] promise有希望, 有前途

keep one's [a] promise遵守诺言, 守约

make [give] a promise答应, 许诺

of great [high] promise大有希望的, 前程远大的

promise well很有希望, 前景很好

10 bear vt., vi.bore, borne, bearing

载运；带走负荷；负重;生（孩子）生产（农作物或水果）;忍受

Different trees bear different fruits.什么样的树结什么样的果。

He bears a grudge against me because I took his place in the office.

他对我怀恨在心,因为我取代了他在办公室里的位置。

to bear pain忍痛

bear with容忍；忍耐

We have to bear with his bad temper because he is a bit frustrated these days.

我们不得不容忍他的坏脾气因为这些日子他有点灰心丧气。

11 hang vt., vi.hung; hanging悬挂

to hang a picture on the wall把画挂在墙上

I hung my coat (up) on a hook.我把外套挂在挂钩上。

吊死hanged

12 fame n.名声, 名望 vt.(常用被动语态)使闻名, 使有名望, 盛传

ill fame丑名, 恶名

The city is famed for its scenic spots.该市以风景优美著称。

Famed adj.闻名的, 有名的, 出名的; 负有盛名的

be famed for以...出名

come to fame成名

Unit 18

1 settle vt., vi定居；使定居

My son has settled happily in America.我儿子已在美国愉快地定居了。

安置；安顿We are settled in our new home.我们住入新居。

落下；栖息The insect settled on a leaf.一只昆虫落在一片树叶上。

使平静，使安静，使镇静

Wait until the excitement has settled down.等到兴奋的情绪镇静下来再说。

决定，确定；解决

We have settled who will pay for the meal.我们已经定了由谁来付饭钱。

They settled the dispute among themselves.他们自己把这个争论解决了。

〈法〉和解

偿清，付还Please settle your account immediately.请立刻结清你的欠帐。

常用短语：settle one's affairs最后一次安排好自己的事

settle down安顿下来过稳定有序的生活：

He settled down as a farmer with a family.他与一家人安顿下来务农

平静变得不紧张或安静

settle for勉强接受尽管不完全满意也能接受：

had to settle for a lower wage than the one requested.不得不接受一个比所需低的工资

2 voyage n.航程, 航空, 航海记, 旅行记 vi.航海, 航行 vt.渡过, 飞过

journey trip tour voyage expedition都含“旅行”的意思。

journey 应用范围很广, 指“有预定地点的陆上、水上或空中的单程长、短途旅行”, 一般来说, 它着重指“长距离的陆上的旅行”, 如:

He decided to make a journey to New York by air.他决定乘飞机去纽约。

trip 为一般用语, 指“任何方式的, 从事业务或游览的旅行”, 往往着重于“短途旅行”, 在口语中, 可与journey 互换, 如:

He made a trip to the Great Wall yesterday.昨天他游览了长城。

tour 指“以游览、视察、购物等为目的的旅行”, 常含有“最后回到原出发点”的意思, 如:

He is going to make a round-the-world tour.他要周游全球。

voyage 主要指“乘船作水上旅行”, 也可指”空中旅行”, 如:

He got seasick during the voyage.在航行中他晕船。

excursion 指“娱乐性的短途旅行”, 如:

She went on excursion to the West Lake.她到西湖去游玩了。

expedition指“有特定目的的远征或探险”, 如:

They're going to make an expedition to the South Pole.他们要去南极探险。

3 possession

Un.有, 所有, 拥有; 占有

[pl. ]所有物; 财产, 财富;

a man of great possessions富人

personal possessions个人财产

How did you get possession of it?你是怎样得到它的?

He gave up possession of the house.他放弃了这房子的所有权。

常用短语：in possession of sth.占有某物

in one's [sb.'s] possession (=in the possession of sb.)(某物)为某人所占有[持有]

take possession of获得, 占有; 购得；占据, 占领

3 make up弥补, 虚构, 缝制, 整理, 包装, 和解,化妆；补足；组成

She made up her face to look prettier.她把脸化了妆以便看上去漂亮些。

The boy made up a story; it was not true.男孩编了个故事，这故事不是真的。

make up a bed整理床铺

make up for补偿

How can we make up to you for what you have suffered?我们如何补偿你所遭受的损害？

make up for lost time补回失去的时间

make over更改；修改〈法〉转让财产

Can you make over this old shirt?你能修改这件旧衬衫吗？

His wealth was made over to his children.他的财产已移交他的孩子们了。

make out勉强了解；开出，写（支票、账目等）成功；有（友好）关系；理解, 懂得

辨认出；声称；伪装；把…说成

He immediately sat down and made out a check.他立刻坐下来开了一张支票。

How did you make out with your classmates?你和同班同学关系如何？

He makes out he's younger than me.他声称比我年轻。

make of懂得；了解；解释

I can't make of what he wants.

make it及时到达；成功

make one's way前去；去

make into制成, 做成; 使转变为

make from [make up from]用...制成, 用...做成

4 relation n.关系, 联系, 叙述, 故事, 亲戚

Some of my relations, my mother's aunt and uncle, live in America.我有些亲戚，如我母亲的姑姑和叔叔，住在美国。

关系；联系the relation between wages and prices工资和物价的关系

in [with] relation to关于...,就...而论

have relations with和...有(某种)关系

make relation to提及..., 读到...

relationship n.亲戚关系

‘Do you know her relationship to that girl?’ ‘She's her sister.’

“你知道她和那个女孩有什么亲戚关系吗？”“她是她的妹妹。”

关系；联系The teacher has a very good relationship with her students.

这位老师和学生们关系很好。

5 beyond prep.在(到)...较远的一边, 超过, 那一边 adv.在远处

prep.在（到）…较远的一边

What lies beyond the mountains?山的那一边有什么？

晚于；超过This work is beyond my grasp.这件工作非我力所能及。

Don't stay there beyond midnight.不要过了午夜还留在那儿。

为…所不能及；多于；超出

Understanding this article is beyond my capacity.我看不懂这篇文章。

The fruit is beyond my reach.那个果子我够不着

It is beyond me.[口]我能力所不及; 我不能理解。

beyond sb.为某人所不能理解

6 off adv.离开, 在远方, 离去, 分离, 中断, 完成

prep.从...离开, 脱离

to drive off开走 cut off the gas关上煤气 Turn the light off.把灯关掉。

相距，隔着12 nautical miles off12海里以外 several years off隔好几年

不工作，休息 have Sunday off星期日休息

Keep off the grass.勿践踏草坪。

The ship was blown off course.船被吹离了航道。

We are going off the subject.我们离题了。

在离…海的附近an island off the coast of southeast东南沿海的一个岛屿

7 sign n.标记, 符号, 记号, 征兆, 迹象, 征候

v.签名(于), 署名(于)～, 签署

身势，姿势；信号He made a sign for me to follow him.他向我示意跟着他（走）。

告示；标语；牌示，牌子The sign by the road said ‘No Parking'.路边的牌子上写着“禁止停车”。

迹象；征兆；征候There are no signs of life about the house.这房子没有有人住的迹象。

Sign mark都含”标记“、”征兆“的意思。

sign 系常用词, 指”具有一定含义的任何有形或无形的符号或标志, 它的表示可以是实物、表情、动作、文字、语言及任何痕迹或征兆“, 如:

There is a stop sign at an intersection .在交叉路口处有停车标志。

mark 指”为某一目的有意作的标记“, 也指”无意留下或自然形成的痕迹“, 如:

Suffering left its mark on his face.苦难的经历在他脸上留下了痕迹。

补充

Unit 16-

10 recognize：用作动词，有以下义项：认出；承认；分辨出。

Eg. Though she changed so much, I recognized her at first sight.

They recognized him to be a great leader.

Do you recognize (=make out) his handwriting?

注意：recognize, realize和know的区别：recognize=know again; make out“认出；分辨出”；realize=come to know“意识到”；know“认识”

11 comfort：表示“舒适；安慰”时为抽象名词，表示“令人感到安慰的人或事”时为可数名词。Eg. He lives in great comfort. 他生活极为舒适。

It is a comfort to know that she is safe.得知她平安无事，是一个安慰。

comfortable adj. 舒服的。Eg. The chair is comfortable to sit in.

12 pick out：精心挑选；辨别出；

Eg. She picked out the shoes that match the dress.

Can you pick out your brother in the crowd? I managed to pick out the passage.

相关归纳：（1）pick at申诉；指责；吃一点点

Eg. His mother picked at him for being lazy.

The sick woman just picked at the food he brought.

（2）pick on选择某人

Eg. The teacher always picked on me to answer a hard question.

（3）pick up拾起；让乘客上车；驾车接某人；恢复；偶然得到；接收广播

Eg. I picked up the book on the ground.

I’ll pick you up at your home.

After staying in hospital for long, the patient was advised to go to the seaside to pick up his health.

It’s easy for my radio to pick up VOA English.

He picked up some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris.

（4）pick over慎重地调查；仔细地检查

Eg. He picked over a basket of apples.

13 bring out：使显示, 出版, 生产, 说出

Eg. Difficulties can bring out a person’s best qualities.困难可以显现一个人的最佳品质。

She has brought out two new books at the same time.

The company is bringing out a new kind of soap.

相关归纳：（1）bring up抚养；提出；呕吐

Eg. He has brought up five children.

He was ill and brought up his dinner.

（2）bring down使价格降低

Eg. I don’t know what brought down the price of clothing.

（3）bring about引起；导致=cause to happen

Eg. What brought about the forest fire?

（4）bring in引进；赚取

Eg. The new policy brings in a lot of new fashion.

The sale brought us in over $1000.那笔买卖使我们赚了一千多美元。

We have brought in a good grain harvest for three years on end.我们已经连续三年获得了粮食丰收。

(5）bring forward提出；提议;把…提前(= put forward)

We'll bring the party forward.我们要把晚会提前

Eg. Now I’d like to bring forward the question of funds.我现在提出资金的问题。

（6）bring back带回；使忆起

Eg. The landscape brought back my hometown which I had left five years before.

注意：bring out在表示“出版”的意思时，相当于publish，

为及物动词短语。而短语come out表示“出版”的意思时，为不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。Eg. When does John’s new book come out.

bring out生产；制造to bring out a new kind of soap生产一种新肥皂

使显露to bring out the worst in sb.使（某人）显露其最丑恶的一面

(7) bring off办成功

Though it was a very difficult job, Helen was able to bring it off successfully ahead of schedule.

尽管那项工作很艰巨,海伦还是成功地提前完成了任务。

(8) bring up教育；养育;提出；引出;呕吐

to bring up the question提出问题

(9) bring on引起；导致

Working out in the rain for a long time may bring on a fever.

在雨中工作很长时间可能使人发高烧。

The use of natural fertilizer can bring the crops on nicer than the use of chemical fertilizer.

使用天然肥料比使用化肥使庄稼长得更好。

14 “花费”的句型还有：sb. +spend +money/time +on sth./(in) doing sth.; sb. +pay money +for sth.; It takes sb. some time to do sth.; pay money for sth.; buy sth. for money

15 go on doing, go on to do, go on with, continue

go on doing sth.指继续做同一件事。

go on to do sth.指接着做另外一件事。

go on with sth.指继续同一件事，此时with后能接名词、代词，不能跟v.-ing形式。

continue继续同一件事，也可以是另一件事。该词有以下用法：a. continue +n; b. continue doing/to do; c. continue (to be) +adj.

Unit 17--18

13 admire：用作及物动词，主要义项有：赞赏；佩服；称赞等。

Eg. I admire him for his sincerity. 我钦佩他的诚实。

Don’t forget to admire the baby.不要忘了夸奖那婴儿。

其名词为admirer赞美者； admiration感叹；钦佩；赞美

注意：admire和envy的区别：envy的侧重点在于强调“羡慕和嫉妒”

14 turn to：转向, 变成, 求助于

Eg. He turned to me and said hello to me.

If you are in trouble, please turn to me.

相关归纳：（1）turn on/off开/关（电器、煤气等）

（2）turn up开大；调高（音量、煤气等）；露面

Eg. He hasn’t turned up yet. Will you turn up the radio?

（3）turn down关小；调低（音量、煤气等）；拒绝

Eg. Our request for a pay rise was turned down again.

（4）turn out关掉；熄灭；结果是；证明；生产

Eg. The day turned out fine.

It turned out that he had never been there.

The factory can turn out 1,000 cars a day.

（5）turn over翻地；翻身；翻倒；仔细考虑

Eg. The farmers turned over the soil with a fork to destroy the weeds.

He turned over in the bed and couldn’t fall asleep.

He turned it over in his mind.

（6）turn against背叛；反抗

Eg. For this many of his former friends turned against him.

注意：turn to短语中的to为介词，后面不能使用动词原形。相似的还有：devote…to…；pay attention to；refer to等。但是，He turned to go out.的意思为“他转身走了出去。

15 so far, as far as, so far as

so far“到目前为止”，常跟现在完成时连用。可置于句首，句中或句末。

as far as=so far as“直到；同样运的距离”，as far as既可用于肯定句，亦可用于不定句，而so far as仅用于肯定句，也可表示“就……而言，至于”，两者可互换。

Exercises:

(1). _____ we have learned English for six years.

(2). Your work has been good _____ this year.

(3). We didn’t go _____ the others.

(4). _____ I know he will be away for three months.

(5). He will help you _____ he can.

16 deal with, do with, do without

do with为及物动词短语。用于特殊疑问句时一般用what引导。含有“处理；处置”“对待（不用被动语态）”“以……将就（不用被动语态）”“放置（常用过去时或完成时态，不用被动语态）”“忍受（与cannot连用，不用被动语态）”等意思。

do without的意思为“没有……也行；将就”“用不着”。

deal with为及物动词短语。用于特殊疑问句时一般用how引导。主要义项有：对付；处理；论及……（和do with同义，主要区别在于特殊疑问词）；相处；与……交易（不用于被动语态）

Exercises:

(1). Your clothes are worn out. What did you _____ them?

(2). He didn’t know what to _____ the property his father had left.

(3). The new teacher didn’t know what to _____ the class.

(4). Butter was so expensive that we had to _____ margarine(人造奶油) in those days.

(5). What have you _____ papers for the meeting?

(6). I cannot _____ the loud noise.

(7). We cannot _____ a telephone in our business.

(8). There wasn’t any coffee left, so we had to _____.

(9). He knows well how to _____ children.

(10). I think the problem should be _____ quickly.

(11). This book _____ ancient history of China.

篇7：高考复习（一）人教版高一（上）语言点Unit13-15(人教版高一英语上册教案教学设计)

Unit 13

1 fever n.发烧；热度;狂热；兴奋

in a fever of excitement大为兴奋

be in a fever在发烧

send sb. into a fever of excitement使某人感到极度兴奋

2 energy n.精力, 活力; [pl. ]干劲, 劲头, 力气, 能力【物】能, 能量

be full of energy精力充沛, 精力旺盛

the sources of energy能源

an energy crisis能源危机

energy budget能源预算

force strength power energy都含“力”的意思。

force强调“力所产生的实际效果”, 如:

The law should remain in force.法律应当有效力。

strength 指“体力”、“力量”、“强度”, 如:

He is a man of great strength。他是个大力士。

power 指“能力”、“权力”, 着重“行动所根据的能力或职权”, 如:

It's beyond my power.它超出了我的职权。

energy 原是物理学上的术语“能量”, 用于人时则指“精力”, 如:

He worked with great energy.他以巨大的精力工作。

3 choice n.挑选；选择；抉择

She had to make a choice between the two dresses.她得在两件衣服中选择一件。

She is the people's choice for Prime Minister.她是人民选出来的首相。

常用短语：a great choice of大量可供选择的 (物品等)

at one's own choice随意挑选, 自由选择

for choice凭喜爱, 根据选择

have no choice but[后跟动词不定式]非...不可, 除...之外别无他法

make a choice选择

without choice无选择地, 不分好歹地

choose vt., vi.chose, chosen, choosing

挑选；选择

Who did you choose as the new member of the construction committee?

你选谁当建设委员会的新委员?

She chose to study chemistry.她选择了学化学。

choose three from [among, out of] these books从这些书中选三本书

C-me a good hoe.替我选一把好锄头。

决定；拿定主意；愿意, 宁愿 [后跟不定式]

He chose not to go home.他决定不回家了。

His uncle chose to settle in the countryside.他叔父决意在乡下定居。

chose to fly rather than drive.决定乘飞机去而不是开车去

常用短语：as you choose随你喜欢; 听你的便

cannot choose but不得不,只好

4 fit adj.（与for连用）合适的，适宜的

a fit food for men对人合适的食物

This food is not fit for your visitors.这食物对你的客人来说不合适。

”After the interview, the employer concluded that she was fit for the job.“

面试后老板下结论说她能胜任这项工作。

健康的；结实的

Do you feel fit?你觉得身体好吗？

He runs to keep fit.他跑步为了保持健康。

vt., vi.-tt-合适；合身

Her new shoes didn't fit so she took them back to the shop and changed them for another pair.

”她那双新鞋不合穿,所以她去商店换了一双。“

Your clothes fit well.你的衣服很合身。

This coat's a beautiful fit to you.这件外衣对你非常合身。

安装；装备 fit。。。on。。。

to fit new locks on the doors给门装上新锁

使适合

Her height fitted her for basketball.她身材高适合打篮球。

辨析：match 多指大小,色调,形状,性质方面的搭配

fit 多指大小,形状合适

suit 多指合乎需要,口味,性格,条件,地位等

1)We must find carpets that’ll _________the curtains.

2)The new coat ________me well.

3) No one can ________her in knowledge of classical music.

4) He ________his speech to his audience

5 gain vt., vi.获得，得到

He quickly gained experience.他很快就有经验了。

Only after ten years in the country did she gain her citizenship.

她在这个国家住了十年后才取得了公民身份。

（常与in连用）获益，增加

He gained weight after his illness.病后他的体重增加了。

6 painun.痛苦；悲痛

His bad behaviour caused his parents a great deal of pain.

他的不良行为使他的父母感到非常痛苦。

cn痛；疼痛He had a pain in his head.他头疼。

He has pains / a pain / pain in the shoulders.他两肩痛疼。

cn苦恼；烦闷；讨厌的人；讨厌的物；厌恶(只用单数)

She's a real pain.她真是一个令人讨厌的人。

(pl) 辛苦；努力”No pains, no gains.; No gains without pains.(谚)“不劳则无获。

We must give him sth. for his pains.我们必须给他点什么以便酬报他的辛劳。

常用短语：give sb. a pain[美]令人讨厌, 惹人生气, 使人感到不舒服

No pains, no gains[谚]不劳无获。

spare no pains不遗余力, 不辞劳苦, 全力以赴

take pains费尽力气, 煞费苦心, 尽力设法 with great pain煞费苦心地

7 bit n.小块；少许

There's a little bit of time left.只剩一点儿时间了。

He dug the garden bit by bit.他一点一点地挖园子。

片刻Wait a bit!稍等片刻！

I was just going out for a bit when my uncle came.我正打算出去一会儿,可我舅舅来了。

习惯用语：a bit (of)

有点；稍微The modern opera was a bit of a disappointment; we expected it to be much better.

这部现代歌剧有点令人失望,比我们想象中的差得多。

I'm a little bit tired. Let's take a short rest.我有点累了。让我们休息一会儿。

a bit (of) 一点儿也（不）I'm not a bit tired now.我现在一点儿也不累。

A: Sorry to have bothered you. B: Not a bit (of it).

甲:对不起,打扰你啦。乙:哪儿的话!

Really, David is not a bit like his brother as far as generosity is concerned.

的确,就慷慨大方这一点来说,大卫确实一点也不象他哥哥。

bit by bit一点一点地；逐渐地

8 advise

9 lie

10 base n.

底部, 基础, 根据地, 基地, 本部, 基数, (运动)出发点

vt.以...作基础, 基于...

adj.卑鄙的, 低级的，伪造的 a base coin伪造的硬币

That company has offices all over the world, but their base is in Paris.

这个公司的办事处遍布全世界，但本部在巴黎。

vt.based, basing（与on, upon连用）根据；基于

This news report is based entirely on fact.这篇新闻报导是完全根据实际情况写成的。

11 probable adj.

（常与that连用）很可能的；可能发生的；或然的

A storm is probable today.今天可能会有暴风雨。

It is probable that he has forgotten our appointment.很可能他是忘了我们的约会了。

likely possible probable意思都含“可能的”。

likely 系常用词, 指“从表面迹象来看很有可能”, 如:

a likely young man一个有希望的青年

She is not likely to come next month.她下月很可能不来。

possible 指“由于有适当的条件和方法, 某事可能发生或做到”, 强调“客观上有可能”, 但常含有“实际希望很小”的意思, 如:

It is possible to go to the moon now.现在有可能登上月球。

probable 语气比 possible 强, 指“有根据、合情理、值得相信的事物, 带有‘大概’、‘很可能’”的意思, 如:

l don't think the story is probable.我觉得那故事不大可能。

12 similar adj.相像的，相似的；近似的

My new dress is similar to the one you have.我的新衣服和你的那件相似。

All big cities are quite similar.所有的大城市差不多大同小异。

13 respect n.

（与of, for连用）尊敬；尊重

to show respect to those who are older尊敬长者

The students have great respect for their history teacher.

学生们非常尊敬他们的历史老师。

关心；注意to pay (have) respect to关心

(pl) 敬意；问候

Give my respects to your wife.请代我向你太太问好。

常用短语：in all respects无论从哪方面来看

in respect of关于；就…来说

pay one's respects拜访

without respect to不管；不考虑

with respect to谈到

give one's respects to向...致候

have respect for尊敬[重], 重视

have respect to牵涉到, 关系到；注意到, 考虑到

out of respect for sb.出于对某人的尊敬

Unit 14

1 custom n.习俗；风俗;习惯

His custom was to get up early and have a cold bath.

他的习惯是早起，然后洗个冷水澡。

(pl)（用作sing.）关税

(pl)（用作sing.）海关

At the airport; the customs officers searched his case.在机场，海关人员检查了他的箱子。

Habit custom都含“习惯”的意思。

habit 指 “个人由于自然条件、社会环境、爱好或经常接触而导致习以为常的行为或特性”, 如:Smoking is a bad habit.抽烟是种坏习惯。

Habit n.（常与of和动名词连用）习惯；习性

to have habit of smoking during meals有吃饭时吸烟的习惯

It is not easy to break off a bad habit.要改掉一个坏习惯不容易。

custom 指“经过一段时期在某人、一国、一地区或一个社会中形成的传统的习惯或风俗”, 如:In China the custom prevails in eating dumplings on New Year's Eve.

在中国, 除夕晚上吃饺子的风俗很盛行。

2 allow vt., vi.允许，准许

Smoking is not allowed here.此处不准吸烟。

Allow me to introduce Miss Mary.请允许我介绍一下玛丽小姐。

The government servants aren't allowed to accept rewards.公务员不得接受酬谢。

给予；使得到

allowed him ￡1000 for expenses给他每年1000 英镑的开销

We must allow that he is a good teacher. (We must allow him to be a good teacher.)

我们应当承认他是位好老师。

allow for考虑；顾及

We must allow for his inexperience.我们必须考虑到他缺乏经验。

It takes about two hours to get to their office building, allowing for possible traffic delays.

考虑到路上可能遇到的交通耽搁,到他们的办公大楼大约要花费两小时。

allow of容许; 许可

The situations allow of no excuse.形势不容许拖延; 形势刻不容缓。

allow of no excuse不容辩解

3 opinion n.意见；看法

He asked his father's opinion about his plans.他征求爸爸对他的计划的意见。

In my opinion, you're wrong.依我看，你错了。

What's your opinion?你的看法如何?

常用短语：in one's opinion按某人的意见, 据某人看来

in the opinion of照...的意见

4 the common people老百姓 common knowledge常识

common characteristic共同特点 common beam标准天平；标准

a common saying俗话

in common共同，共同享有的，共同使用的

in common with和…一样

out of (the) common不寻常的，特殊的

common ordinary general都含“普通的”意思。

common强调“常见的”、“ 不足为奇的”，如：Colds are common in winter.感冒在冬天很常见。ordinary强调“平常的”、“平淡无奇的”，如：His ordinary supper consists of only bread and milk. 他通常的晚餐不过是面包和牛奶。general意为“普遍的”、“一般的”，如：This book is intended for the general reader, not for the specialist. 这本书是为一般读者写的，不是为专家写的。normal指“正常的”、“正规的”、“常态的”,

如:the normal temperature of the human body 人的正常体温

5 alive adj.活的，活着的

The fish we caught is still alive.我们捉的鱼还活着。

In most cases, both parents were still alive and still married to each other.

大多数情况下,他们的父母都还活着,而且仍然保持着婚姻关系。

活跃的

Although old she is still very much alive.她虽已年迈，但仍很活跃。

仍然存在的；仍然进行着的

The argument was kept alive by the politicians.政治家们还在继续争论那件事

alive with充满…的

The dead tree is alive with insects.这棵枯树上爬满了昆虫。

Living alive live意思都含“活的”。

living 用于生物时, 指“活着的”, 如:

Shelly was still living when Keats died.济慈死时, 雪莱还在世。

alive 指“活着的”、“在世的”, 着重于状态, 它用作表语, 或放有名词或代词后作定语, 如:

The spy was caught alive though he died from wounds the next day.

特务被活捉, 不过第二天便因重伤而死。

live 只用于物, 指“活的”, 如:

a live rat一只活鼠。

6 trick n.戏法；把戏；花样

窍门；诀窍to learn the tricks of the trade

圈套；诡计He got the money from me by a trick.他用诡计骗走了我的钱。

恶作剧 The children played a trick on their teacher.孩子们捉弄了他们的老师。

vt.（常与into连用）欺骗；坑人

He tricked me into giving him the money.他哄骗我给了他钱。

（常与out of连用）骗走

play a trick on a sb.诈骗某人; 开某人玩笑

trick sb. into [out of]骗人去...[骗取 ...]

7 give away背弃, 出买;泄露(秘密), 暴露; 赠送, 分送; 颁发

give off发出，放出(蒸汽、气味等)

give out分发;用完，用尽;精疲力竭; 公布，宣布；发表

Give the money out to the children.把钱分给孩子们。

Our food supply at last give out.我们的食物终于用完了。

His strength gave out.他已精疲力竭。

It was given out that he was dead.他的死讯已经公布。

give over交给，交付，交出

We gave him over to the police.我们把他交给了警方。

give in屈服, 投降, 退让(to);交[呈]上

give up放弃, 停[中]止;投降, 认输, 泄气

8 take in收留，收容（某人）；包括；囊括；包含；改短（衣服）；缩减尺寸；了解领悟；欺骗；蒙骗You can also take in some of the notable architectural monuments.

你也可以将一些著名的纪念性建筑包括在参观的项目中。

to take in a doctrine了解一种主义

take after相似She takes after her mother.她长得像她妈妈。

take back撤销；同意收回；同意回来

take for当作；误认为

We must not take it for granted that the board of the directors will approve of the investment plan.我们决不可想当然地认为董事会一定会批准这个投资计划的。

take off脱掉（衣服）

（飞机）起飞

The plane took off at three o'clock.飞机三点钟起飞了。

take on雇用；聘用；开始显现；变得有

Why don't you take on sb. your own size?你怎么不跟和你一样高的人较量？

Unit 15

1 missing adj.失去的, 不见了的, 下落不明的, 失踪的, 错过的

a couple of words missing缺的两三个字

There is a page missing.缺少一页。

2 would rather

3 after all in all above all at all

above all； after all； at all

above all意为“尤其是”、“首先”、“最重要的是”，常位于句首或句中，作插入语，起强调作用。如： But above all tell me quickly what I have to do．可首先快些告诉我该做什么。

A clock must above all keeps good time．时钟最重要的是必须走得准。

after all意为“毕竟”、“终究”、“终归”、“到底”，在句中位置较灵活。可位于句首、句中或句末。如： After all，your birthday is only two weeks away．毕竟，两周后就是你的生日。

He is，after all，a small child．他毕竟还是个小孩子。

He failed after all．他终于失败了。

at all用于否定句时，意为“丝毫；根本”，用于疑问句时意为“究竟；到底”，用于条件句时，常译为“当真；实在”。用于肯定句中，表示说话人的某种情绪或情感（如怀疑或惊奇等），意为“竟然”等。如：

He doesn’t like you at all．他根本不喜欢你。

Are you going to do it at all？你究竟做不做这件事？

If you do it at all，do it well．若你真要做这件事，就得做好。

I was surprised at his coming at all．他竟然来了，我很惊讶。

4 matter n.

事件, 问题, 物质, 内容, 实质, 原因, (印刷或书写的)文件, (文章或讲话等的)素材

vi. 有关系, 要紧

It doesn't matter if you are late.你如果迟到也没关系。

What does it matter ?那有什么关系?

It does not matter (if ...)(即使...也)不要紧

It doesn't matter about the price; buy it, whatever it costs.

价钱没什么关系; 不论多少钱都买。

常用短语：as a matter of fact实际上, 不瞒你说, 确实, 事实是

it is no matter that ...是无关紧要的

no matter不要紧, 没关系

the matter有问题, 有毛病

what matter if即使...又何妨

5 spend\cost\take 表“花费”的辨析

6 on one’s /the way to (doing) sth. 正在做某事的过程中

表示时间”临近”的短语: be approaching；be coming；be on the way

be around the corner；be at hand

by the way 顺便问一下 in the way 防碍，挡道 under way在进行中, 发生; 在航行中

in this/that way以这/那种方式 in many ways在许多方面

by way of途经by way of London途经伦敦 out of the way反常的；异常的

all the way一路上, 沿路从远处, 特地；自始至终

feel one's way谨慎小心地进行 fight one's way奋斗前进, 打开一条道路

force one's way挤(出去), 冲(出去) give way (to)让步; 退让；让位于

make one's (own) way前进, 繁荣, 兴隆; 发迹, 飞黄腾达

in a way有几分, 稍微; 在某一方面; 在某种意义上; 在某种程度上

in any way无论如何, 在任何情况下 in no way决不, 无论如何不

7 cost 1) n. 成本，费用

reduce the production cost降低生产成本

the cost of living生活费用

2) n. 代价

at all costs任何代价

at the cost of…不惜以…为代价

3) vt. 使失去(生命,健康等)

His carelessness cost him his life

costly : adj. expensive: 昂贵的

8 for this once (=for once, just for once)就这一次; 破例一回

once again再一次 once and again一再, 再三

once in a while有时, 间或, 偶而

9 call on号召；呼吁；邀请；拜访；请求I'll call on him tomorrow.明天我去拜访他。

call for需要；要求；值得：取; 接;

My chauffeur will call for you at seven.我的汽车司机七点钟会到你那儿去取

The occasion calls for a cool head.这种场合需要冷静的头脑。

call off取消

The meeting has been called off.会议取消了。

call up召集；动员；使人想起 (= call upon)传人到法庭; 应征入伍; 打电话;

call in 回收使退出流通：邀请

calling in silver dollars.回收银币 call in a specialist.邀请一个专家

call out召唤：大声喊叫; 召集; 命令(工人)罢工;

call out the guard.将卫兵集合起来

call by[口]顺便到...去一下; 顺路访问

call over点名

10 pay off还清；偿清；结清工资解雇（某人）；成功

Our plan certainly paid off; it was a great idea.

”我们的计划当然成功了,那是个很好的主意。“

pay back报复 (= pay off, pay out, serve out)

I'll certainly pay you back for what you did to me!

”你那样对待我,我一定要回敬你的!“

偿还；偿付

How can I pay you back for all your kindness?你的这番好意我该怎么报答呢?

11 attend vi., vt.注意；留意出席；到场

attend school上学

attend a lecture听讲课

attend church去教堂

attend (at) a wedding出席婚礼

attend on护理, 侍候, 陪伴, 伴随

attend to倾听, 注意, 留心；关心, 照顾, 护理; 办理

篇8：高考复习（一）人教版高一（上）语言点Unit5-8(人教版高三英语上册教案教学设计)

1 scene n.（戏剧）一场，一景；（电影、广播等）一场；（戏剧）场景，布景(5)

This play is divided into three acts, and each act has three scenes.

这个剧分为三幕，每一幕有三个场景。

景色，风景The scene is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.

”观看太阳从东方慢慢升起,这种景色确实太美了。“

view scene Sight 辨析都含“所看到的东西”的意思。

Sight Something worth seeing; a spectacle:值得一看的事物；风景：

the sights of London.伦敦的风光

Something unsightly:不雅观的事物： Your hair is a sight.你的头发很难看

view 系常用词, 指“能看到的或在视野之内的实物”, 如:

The view is cut off by the next building.旁边的楼房挡住了视野。

scene 指 “展现在眼前的风景、景色、景象”, 如:

The boats in the harbor make a beautiful scene.港内的船只构成了美丽的景色。

2 speed n.速度；速率(5)at a speed of eighty miles an hour以每小时80英里的速度

The speed of the car was frightening.这辆小汽车的速度真吓人。

vi. (sped[sped],speeded)迅速前进, 快行(along, down, up, across) [美]超速行驶

加速(up)

speed through wind and waves斩风劈浪向前进

The ambulance sped to the hospital.救护车快速开往医院。

He was arrested for speeding.他因超速行车

常用短语：at full[top] speed用全速, 开足马力尽力地; 尽快地

with all speed用全速, 开足马力 speed up加快速度

3 live with忍受(5)

”I don't enjoy the pain, but I can live with it.“”我虽然不以疼痛为乐,但还可以忍受。“

live up to真正做到，生活得无愧于

We will live up to what our parents expect of us.我们决不辜负父母亲对我们的期望。

Did the TV play live up to your expectations?这部电视剧有你期望的那样好吗?

live for为…而活着

live（与on连用）靠…生活

The minority in the primitive forest used to live on a diet of wild animals.

原始森林里的少数民族过去用野兽作为主食。

adj.活的，有生命的有电的炽热的；燃烧的：现场直播的现场直播的；

live coals.炽热的煤炭 a live animal活的动物

The cat was playing with a live mouse.那猫在玩一只活老鼠。

a live television program.现场直播的电视节目

adv.实况转播地在现场地

The landing on the moon was telecast live.现场转播了登月行动

4 owe vt., vi.owed, owing(5)

（常与for连用）欠，欠债

I owe you an apology.我该向你道歉。

I owe you for your help.我感谢你的帮助。

对…负有义务；感恩；感激

We owe our parents a lot.我们十分感激父母。

（常与to连用）归功于；由于

She owes her success to good luck.她把成功归功于幸运。

The young writer owed his success to his teacher's encouragement.

年轻作家把自己的成功归于他老师的鼓励。

vi.欠, 有支付[偿还]的义务(for)

He still owes for what he bought last summer.他去年夏天买东西欠的钱还未还呢 !

5 role n.角色任务; 作用(5)

the leading role主角

He played the role of the old king in our school play.

他在我们学校演的剧中扮演老国王的角色。

常用短语：play an important role in在...中起重要作用

play the leading role起主要作用, 起带头作用

play the role of(sb.)(在剧中)扮演(某人)角色

6 take after相似She takes after her mother.她长得像她妈妈。(5)

take back撤销；同意收回；同意回来

take over接任；接管；接收

take to喜欢；沉溺于；养成…习惯

to take to drinking沉溺于饮酒

take up开始从事；专注于；继续；接下去

He took up art while at school.他在学校时开始对艺术感到兴趣。

to take up one's story接着讲故事

take for当作；误认为 Do you take me for a fool?你以为我是个傻瓜吗?

We must not take it for granted that the board of the directors will approve of the investment plan.我们决不可想当然地认为董事会一定会批准这个投资计划的。

take in收留，收容（某人）改短（衣服）；缩减尺寸；了解；领悟；欺骗；蒙骗

You can also take in some of the notable architectural monuments.

你也可以将一些著名的纪念性建筑包括在参观的项目中。

to take in a doctrine了解一种主义

take off脱掉（衣服）；（飞机）起飞打折；作为折扣而减价：休假暂时不做（自己工作中的）应做的工作：I'm taking off three days during May.五月份我将会休假三天

took 20 percent off.优惠百分之二十

The plane took off at three o'clock.飞机三点钟起飞了。

take on雇用；聘用；开始显现；变得有；承担（工作、责任等）

took on extra responsibilities.担负了额外的责任

took on more workers during the harvest.在收获期间雇了更多的工人

take up 用尽，耗掉或占用：喜欢对…产生了兴趣或钟爱；开始从事（一项职业或行当）：

The extra duties took up most of my time.额外工作耗费了我绝大部分时间：

take up mountain climbing.喜欢上登山运动

took up engineering.干起了工程设计这一行

6 turn (时刻)超过, 逾He has turned fifty.他已经五十岁了。

It has just turned half past two.现在刚过两点半。

7 apologize to sb.向某人道歉(6)

apologize to sb. for doing sth.向某人为某事(为做了某事)道歉

apologize for oneself为自已解辩或辩护

例 I apologized to her for stepping on her foot.我因踩了她的脚而向她道歉。

I apologized to the chairman for being late.我因迟到向会议主席道歉。

Apology Offer\ make an apology to sb. for sth.为某事向某人道歉

8 fault n.过失，过错(6)

Who broke the cup? It's my fault, I dropped it.谁把杯子摔了？这是我的过错，我摔的。

That's no fault of his.这不是他的过错。

”The fault lies with me, not with you.“”这是我的责任,不是你的责任。“

缺点；瑕疵”There seems to be some fault in the computer, and we're just looking into it.“”这台电脑好象有点毛病,我们正在检查原因。“

Your only fault is carelessness.你惟一的缺点是粗心大意。

习惯用语：at fault Deserving of blame; guilty:该受责备的；有罪的；感到困惑; 不知所措

admitted to being at fault.承认有罪

find fault To seek, find, and complain about faults;挑错，找错寻找、发现和抱怨错处；批评：

found fault with his speech.挑他演讲的错

error mistake辨析

都含“错误”的意思。

error 强调“违反某一既定标准, 不经心而做了错事, 产生偏差、疏忽或行动上的错误”, 如:

an error in judgement 判断上的错误。

mistake 指“由于粗心、不注意或在理解、认识或判断上的不正确而造成行动或看法上的错误, 有时这种错误是无意的”, 如:I used your pen by mistake.我错拿了你的钢笔。

9 manner n.做事的方法；事情发生的方式;态度；举止(6)

Why are you talking in such a strange manner?你为什么用这种奇怪的方式谈话？

a very rude manner很粗鲁的态度

(pl) 礼貌；礼节It's bad manners to talk with a full mouth.嘴里吃着东西说话是不礼貌的。

You should have good manners all the time.任何时候都应该有礼貌。

10 leave alone不打扰防止打搅或干扰(6)

leave off停止；结束;停止做或使用

leave out省去, 遗漏, 不考虑

11 include vt.包括, 包含(7)

Price $14.90, postage included.价格14.90美元，邮资包括在内。

He had included a large number of funny stories in the speech.

他在讲话中加进了许多引人发笑的故事。

include强调“包括作为整体的一部分”, 即“同类包含”

如:The list included his name.这个名单上包括他的名字。

contain着重“其中确实包含有”，即“不同类包含”

如：The bottle contains water. 这个瓶子里有水。

Pig iron may contain 4％of carbon.生铁可含百分之四的碳。

12 limit n.界限, 限度, 限vt.限制, 限定(7)

The speed limit is the fastest speed you are allowed to drive a car at.

限速是允许驾车的最快速度。

vt.（与to连用）限制；限定

My mother limits the amount of food that I eat.我母亲限制我的饭量。

The Constitution limits the President's term of office to four years. 宪法规定总统的任期四年。

limit the expense to 1,000 dollars把开支限制到1,000美元

习惯用语：within limits适度地, 有限地 without limit无限制地, 无限地

set a limit to限制, 控制 go beyond [over] the limit超过限度

13 restore vt.(使)恢复, (使)复元, 使恢复意识; 使复职, (使)复辟, 使放回原位(7)

归还, 交还修复[补]; 重建; 补正, 校补

restore sb. to consciousness使某人恢复知觉

restore sb. to life使某人苏醒过来

restore sb. to his old post使某人复职

restore the book to the shelf把书放回书架

renew restore refresh都含“恢复”、“更新”的意思。

renew 系常用词, 指“使已旧或已失去力气、活力等物变新或复原”, 如:

renew a stock of goods更新库存货物。

restore 指“把用旧、用坏的东西恢复原样”, 如:restore an old castle恢复旧城堡。

refresh 指“使恢复力量、精力”, 如:refresh oneself with a cold shower

14 ruin n衰败；毁灭；瓦解；废墟；破产(7)

We saw the ruins of the church.我们看见了这座教堂的废墟。

the ruin of his hopes他的希望的破灭

The building is in ruins.那建筑物已成断壁残垣。

Gambling was his ruin[the ruin of him].赌博是他堕落的原因。

in ruins成立废墟，遭到严重破坏

ruin vt. 毁坏；毁灭

She poured water all over my painting, and ruined it.她把水全倒在了我的画上，把画毁了。

使破产I was ruined by that law case.我被那场官司搞得倾家荡产。

习惯用语：be the ruin of成为...毁灭[堕落]的原因

bring sb. to ruin使某人失败; 使倾家荡产 go\ come to ruin毁灭, 灭亡; 崩溃; 破坏掉

in ruins成为废墟 ruin oneself毁掉自己

damage destroy ruin都含“破坏”、“毁坏”的意思。

damage 指“价值、用途降低或外表损坏等, 不一定全部破坏, 损坏了还可以修复”, 如:

The heavy rain damaged many houses.大雨毁坏了许多房子。

destroy 指“彻底毁坏以至不能或很难修复”, 如:

That town was destroyed in a big fire.那个城镇在一场大火中被毁了。

ruin现在多用于借喻中, 泛指一般的“弄坏了”, 如:

He knocked over a bottle of ink and ruined the table cloth.他打翻了一瓶墨水把桌布弄脏了。

15 weight n. 重量 What is your weight?你体重多少？(8)

by weight按重量计算 gain [lose] weight增加[减少]体重

put on weight体重增加, 发胖

16 point n.点, 尖端, 分数, 要点, ；含义vt.弄尖, 指向, 指出, 瞄准, 加标点于（8）

I don't see the point of waiting for her, she is probably not coming.

我不知道等她有什么意义，她可能不来了。

What is the point of discussing this issue further?这件事再讨论下去有什么意义呢?

in point of=With reference to; in the matter of:就…而言；关于…：

In point of fact, I never lived at the address stated on the form.

事实上，我从未在表中所填的那个地址居住过

to the point切题的，切中的有关正在讨论的事件的，或与正在讨论的事件有关的：

remarks that were to the point; rambled and would not speak to the point.

和本题相关的话；随便地乱讲却不讲与本题相关的

on the point of resignation;.正要辞职之时；

用处；用途There's no point in wasting time.耗时间没用。

17 score n.得分,二十, vt.把...记下, 刻划, 获得, 评价vi.记分, 得分(6\8)

The score in the football game was 4 - 1.足球比赛的比分是四比一。

Will you score for us when we play?我们打球时你给我们记分好吗？

three score of people六十人

scores years ago许多年前

18 no more than adv.只是

not more than n. 至多

than [用于rather, sooner, 之后]与其...(宁愿...)

I'd rather you came tomorrow than today.我宁愿你于明天来而不是今天来。

I would rather die than disgrace myself.我宁死不受辱。

[用于 other, else, anywhere 等之后]除...以外

They were given nothing other than dry bread and water for their evening meal.

他们晚餐仅仅分到干面包和水。

He did nothing else than laugh.他除了笑以外没做别的事。(他只是笑。)

[用于scarcely, hardly之后表示时间](刚刚...)就

Hardly had I finished telling the news than she began to cry.我还没有把消息讲完她就哭了起来。

19 give away背弃;泄露(秘密), 暴露;赠送, 分送;(7)

give in屈服, 投降, 退让(to);交[呈]上

give off(散)发出(蒸气), 发散(光线)

give out用完, 用尽;散[分]发;公布, 发表;精疲力竭

give over交给[付], 移交

give up放弃, 停[中]止;投降, 认输, 泄气

20 stand by在场；靠近;袖手旁观;忠于；信守(8)

to stand by one's promise遵守诺言

stand for代表，表示；意指；象征;容忍；允许;参加...的竞选

We will not stand for impertinent behavior.我们不会容忍不礼貌的行为

stand out明显；醒目;突出；杰出;坚持；支撑

to stand out a crisis挨过危机

stand up耐久；耐用;成立

Will the charge stand up in court?这个指控在法庭上能成立吗？

stand up for维护；拥护；支持

stand off远离;[美]疏开, 避开; 延期

篇9：高考复习（一）人教版高一（上）语言点Unit1-4(人教版高三英语上册教案教学设计)

1 argue vt., vi. argued, arguing

辩论argue a case辩论一个案子

They argued their actions had nothing to do with the riot, but I think that's debatable.

他们辩解道,他们的行为与这次骚乱没有关系,但我认为这话未必正确。

列举理由证明;认为

Others argue that more bus routes should be opened up because buses can accommodate more passengers.另外一些人认为应该开辟更多的公交路线,因为公共汽车载客多。

坚持，主张列举证明极力列举理由以证明；坚持或主张：

The speaker argued that more immigrants should be admitted to the country.

讲演者举出理由证明应该允许更多的移民入境

争论；争吵

He argued with Mary about the best place for a holiday.他和玛丽争论度假的最好地方。

说服，劝告说服或影响（他人），如通过提出理由：

argued the clerk into lowering the price.极力说服售货员降低价格

常用短语：argue about\ on \over辩论[争论]某事

argue against反驳 argue sb. down驳倒某人

argue for赞成; 为...而力争 argue sb. into说服某人(做某事或接受某种意见)

argue sb. out of说服某人不做某事, 打消某种念头

2 fond adj.（与of连用）特别喜爱的

”Because she's fond of books and anxious for knowledge, she frequents the library.“

”因为她喜欢读书,渴求知识,所以经常去图书馆。“

”Jack's too fond of fun, so the boss doesn't like him much.“

杰克太喜欢闹着玩了所以老板不太喜欢他。

3 by way of=Through; via:通过；经由：

flew to the Far East by way of the polar route.经由极地航线飞往远东

As a means of:以…的形式：

made no comment by way of apology.以道歉形式末做任何评论

in a way在某种程度上；有保留地：

I like the new styles, in a way.某种程度上我喜欢这些新款式

从某一点上看：In a way, you're right.从某一点上看你是对的

in the way挡道地处在阻碍、阻挡或干涉的位置上

stand in sb. 's way 妨碍某人, 阻挠某人

on the way:在路上在旅程的路途中：

met him on the way to town; ran into them on the way.

去镇子的路上遇到他；在路上跑入他们当中

out of the way=remarkable.不寻常特征的；奇特的

不正确的；错误的：said nothing out of the way.不说任何不妥之辞

by the way顺便说, 附带说说

force one's way挤(出去), 冲(出去)

give way (to)让步; 退让;让位于

make way for为...让路

make one's (own) way前进, 繁荣, 兴隆; 发迹, 飞黄腾达

pave the way for为...铺平道路, 为...做好准备

no way[美口]无论如何不, 决不

under way在进行中, 发生; 在航行中

4 catch fire着火 cease fire停火 make a fire生火

take fire着火燃烧; 激动起来; 对...发生兴趣 play with fire玩火；冒险

under fire在炮火下; 受到攻击[批评, 责怪] fire at对... 开枪, 向... 射击

set fire to放火烧, 使燃烧; 使兴奋, 使激动 set on fire放火烧, 使燃烧; 使兴奋, 使激动

vt., vi射击解雇You're fired.你被解雇了。

5 care vi. cared, caring喜欢；想

I don't much care about going to the party.我不太想去参加晚会。

My wife doesn't really care for tea; she likes coffee better.

我妻子其实不喜欢喝茶,她喜欢喝咖啡。

Would you care to visit us this weekend?你愿意本周末来我们这儿玩玩吗?

I don't care for him to read this letter.我不愿让他看这封信。

She cares for him very much.她非常喜欢他。

关心；顾虑You say you care about the poor, but you don't help them, you hypocrite!

你说你关心穷人,可你并不帮助他们,你这伪善者。

Can you imagine that the president of a large firm doesn't care much about dress?

你能不能想像一家大公司的总裁居然不太注意衣着?

She didn't care where her son went.她不关心儿子到什么地方去。

I don't care how far I'll have to go.无论走多远,我都不在乎。

We didn't really care whether won or lost the game.对这场比赛我们实际上并不在乎输赢。

照顾His son cared for him when he was ill.当他生病时，他的儿子照顾他。

care for喜欢

I don't care for tea.我不喜欢喝茶。

照顾；照料；抚养

He's good at caring for sick animals.他精心照料生病的牲畜。

Uncle Dick is very good at caring for sick animals.狄克大叔照管生病的动物,很在行。

6 regard n.关心, 致意, 问候, 关系

vt. 看待, 当作, 重视, 尊敬, 关系

I have always regarded him highly.我总把他看得很高。

You can't regard him as a friend but a business associate.

”你不能把他看作朋友,只是个生意合伙人。“

'Titanic' is regarded as his best film so far.

'泰坦尼克号'被认为是到目前为止他拍得最好的影片。

(pl) 致意；问侯

Give my regards to your parents.代我向你父母问好。

常用短语：with regard to [of](=in regard to)关于, 对于

without regard to [for]不顾, 不考虑

regard ...as...把...视为; 认为...是

give my best regards (to sb.)请代问候(某人), 请代向某人致意

7 lie vi. lay, lain, lying

躺，卧He was lying in the shade of the tree.他正躺在树荫下。

处于（某一位置）The factory lies to the west of town.工厂在小镇的西边。

lie vi.lied, lying

说谎I'm sorry I lied to you.我很抱歉向你撒了谎。

lie with=To be decided by, dependent on, or up to:由…决定，取决于，视…而定：

The choice lies with you.你来做出选择

8 share vt., vi.shared, sharing

（常与in连用）共用；分摊；共有

They share their joys and sorrows.他们同甘共苦

share responsibility共同负责 share a room with sb.与某人同居一室

（与in连用）参与

（常与out连用）分配

9 majority n.-ties（常与of连用）多数；半数以上

The majority of children in our class have brown eyes; only three have blue eyes.

我们班大多数孩子是棕色眼睛，只有三个是蓝眼睛。

The minority is subordinate to the majority.少数服从多数。

He was elected by a large majority [by a majority of 3240].

他以大多数票[超过对方3240票]当选。

常用短语：carry [gain] the majority赢得多数票

in the majority占多数, 拥有多数

10 stand by在场；靠近；袖手旁观

忠于；信守to stand by one's promise遵守诺言

stand for代表，表示；意指；象征；

stand in当替身；代替

stand out明显；醒目；突出；杰出；

坚持；支撑to stand out a crisis挨过危机

stand up耐久；耐用；成立

Will the charge stand up in court?这个指控在法庭上能成立吗？

stand up for维护；拥护；支持

We will not stand for impertinent behavior.我们不会容忍不礼貌的行为

11 exchange seats with sb.与某人调换一个座位

exchange experience交流经验 exchange greetings互相问候

exchange foreign money for Renminbi把外币兑成人民币

in exchange for以...换 make an exchange交换

exchange sth. with sb.与某人交换[调换]某种东西 exchange words争吵, 吵架

12 equal adj.（常与to连用）相同的

One li is equal to half a kilometre.一华里等于半公里。

It is equal to me whether he comes or not.他来不来对我都一样。

胜任的；经得起的

John is quite equal to the job of running the office.约翰很能胜任主理这个办事处的工作。

He is equal to this task.; He is equal to doing this task.他能胜任这项任务。

All countries, big and small, should be equal.国家不论大小, 一律平等。

He was equal to the occasion.他能应付这个局势。

She did not feel equal to receiving visitors.她的身体不适, 不能接见客人。

13 knowledge n.知道；了解

a knowledge of French懂法语

熟悉She has a good knowledge of London.她对伦敦的情形很熟悉。

知识We go to school to get knowledge about many different things.

我们上学是为了得到关于各种事物的知识

14 come across偶遇；碰到 (= come upon)

We've just come across an old friend we haven't seen for ages.

我们刚碰到了一位多年不见的老朋友。

发生效果；受欢迎

Your speech came across very well.你的演说极受欢迎。

come along进展；进步；进行

How's your work coming along?你的工作进展如何？

追随；跟着来(= come on)

These visitors came along with some business men.这些旅客是和一些商人一起来的。

come in流行；时髦；上市

When did the short skirt first come in?短裙是什么时候开始流行的?

进入（比赛）（在比赛中）获得名次come in third

come out（照片上）显露；结果是

My sister came out well in that photograph.那张照片中我妹妹照得很好。

The stars came out as soon as darkness fell.天一黑,星星就出来了。

公开；问世；出版；被刊行

The news came out that king and queen suddenly fell ill.国王和王后突然生病的消息传开了。

The Asian countries along the coast of the Pacific all came out against the US new military base in Japan.太平洋沿岸的亚洲各国都宣布反对美国在日本的新军事基地。

When does John's book come out?约翰的书什么时候出版？

come to涉及；谈及

When it comes to politics I know nothing.谈到政治，我一无所知。

获致；到达；结束They came to the conclusion that they had made an unforgivable mistake.

他们得到的结论是他们犯了一个不可饶恕的错误。

The water came to my waist.水已达我的腰部。

The performance of the opera has come to its climax.歌剧的表演已经到达最高潮了。

总共；共计The bill came to $5.50.账款共计5美元50美分。

突然想起Suddenly the words of the song came to me.我猛然想起了这首歌的歌词。

come up with想出（计划、回答）；作出（反应）；产生

He couldn't come up with an appropriate answer just at the time.那时他想不出一个合适的答案。

15 difficulty n.-ties困难；艰难

This question is full of difficulties.这个问题困难很多。

Do you have any difficulty with English?你英语上有困难吗？

”At first, the government had great difficulty in persuading people to leave Rio and to settle in Brasilia.“”开始时,政府很难说服人们离开里约热内卢去巴西利亚落户。“

常用短语：be in difficulty有困难have difficulty in对...有困难

make no difficulty[-ties]无异议, 不反对, 不阻挠

with difficulty困难地; 吃力地 without difficulty容易地, 毫不费力地

16 consider vt., vi.

考虑；思考I am considering going abroad.我正在考虑出国。

The court would not even consider his claim for the old man's legacy.

法庭根本不会考虑他所提出的对老人遗产的要求。

认为；以为

I consider it a great honor.我认为这是极大的荣幸。

We consider that the driver is not to blame.我们认为这不是司机的过错

considers waste to be criminal.认为浪费是有罪的

17 separate adj.区别的；不同的；单独的；孤立的；各自的

They have gone to separate places.他们去了各不相同的地方。

The children sleep in separate beds.孩子们分别睡在各自的床上。

vt., vi.-rated, -rating分开；离开；脱离；隔开，阻隔

The two children separated at the end of the road.两个孩子在路的尽头分手了。

A fence separated the cows from the pigs.围栏把奶牛和猪分开。

separate the good ones from the bad ones把好的和坏的分开

常用短语：be separated from和...分离开, 和...分散

separate divide都含“分开”的意思。

separate 指“把原来在一起的人或物分开”, 如:

S-those two boys who are fighting, will you?(你)把那两个打架的孩子拉开, 好吗?

divide 指“施加外力或自然地把某人或某物由整体分成若干部分”, 如:

divide the candies among the children给孩子们把糖块分开。

18 on board在船上，在公共交通工具内

We went on board the ship.我们登上了轮船。

Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened.

飞机上的人都很着急,而且我们急于想了解出了什么事。

vt., vi.上船；坐船；搭乘（公共交通工具）

He boarded the bus.他上了公共汽车。

包饭；供膳，供膳宿

She arranged to board some students from the university.她供一些大学生膳宿。

常用短语：above board诚实地, 公开地, 光明正大地

go on board上船; 上飞机, 上火车

go on the boards当演员 go by the board从甲板上落水

19 experience un.经验

gain experience in ...获得...经验

learn by [from, through] experience从经验中学到[懂得]

man of experience有阅历[见识]的

Cn 经历，阅历Please tell us your experiences in America.请你告诉我们你在美洲的经历。

vt. 经历; 感受 experience difficulties [setbacks]遭到困难[挫折]

be thoroughly [poorly] experienced in在...方面十分有[缺乏]经验

20 destroy vt.毁坏, 破坏;打破(希望, 计划), 使失败

The houses were destroyed by a fire [a flood, an earthquake].房屋被火灾[水灾, 地震]所毁。

The heavy rain destroyed all hope of a picnic.大雨打破了野餐的一切希望。

damage destroy ruin都含“破坏”、“毁坏”的意思。

damage 指“价值、用途降低或外表损坏等, 不一定全部破坏, 损坏了还可以修复”, 如:

The heavy rain damaged many houses.大雨毁坏了许多房子。

destroy 指“彻底毁坏以至不能或很难修复”, 如:

That town was destroyed in a big fire.那个城镇在一场大火中被毁了。

ruin现在多用于借喻中, 泛指一般的“弄坏了”, 如:

He knocked over a bottle of ink and ruined the table cloth.他打翻了一瓶墨水把桌布弄脏了。

21 live in fear.生活在忧虑之中 He was shaking with fear.他害怕得直发抖。

担心；顾虑There is no fear of his getting any injury.他不会受伤的。

vt., vi.惧怕，害怕;担忧 Never fear!不用怕!;别担心!

I fear that you'll be late if you don't go now.如果你现在不走的话，我担心你会迟到。

22 get in touch with和...取得联系

in\ within touch of在...能达到的地方, 在...的附近; 可以接近的, 可以做到的

in touch with同...有联系 lose touch with和...失去联系, 对...变得生疏

out of touch with同...失去联系, 与...没有通信;对...不了解

23 opportunity n.-ties机会；时机

I have been offered a job. It's a great opportunity.我找到了一份工作，这是一个很好的机会。

I'll have another opportunity to visit the exhibition next year.

明年我们还有一次机会参观这个展览会。

have little opportunity to do sth.有[没有, 很少有, 有不多的]做某事的机会

take the opportunity for doing sth.乘机做某事

24 strike vi., vt. struck, striking

打；击He struck me with a stick.他用棍子打我。

使突然成为；使出其不意地成为I was struck all of a heap.我大吃一惊。

打火；划火柴

突然想到；猛然悟到An idea suddenly struck me.我心中忽然产生一个念头。

罢工The workers were striking because they wanted more money.

工人们在罢工，因为他们要求增加工资。

on strike处于工作停顿状态的：

25 work out算出（总数）to work out a sum算出总数

带来好结果；有预期的结果Things will work themselves out.事情会有好结果的。

运动；锻炼to work out daily with sparring partner每天和拳击陪练员练习

work out a plan.制定计划 out of work没有工作的；未被雇用的

work on继续工作, 设法说服, 影响;从事于, 致力于 work at从事, 致力于, 钻研

篇10：人教版新高二Unit7单元语言点(人教版高二英语上册教案教学设计)

New words:

1.deadly –adj.

1)极其危险的，致命的 dangerous, likely to cause death

Cancer is a deadly disease.

2)极度的，非常的

A deadly silence filled the auditorium.

3)死气沉沉，very dull

a deadly conversation

adv.

1）very 极度，非常，十分

deadly serious 十分认真

deadly dull 非常枯燥

2)like dead 死一般的

deadly pale

dead/ die/ death/deadly

die of hunger/cold/ starvation/ a disease /

die from a wound /polluted air/

die in an accident/ a battle

die by drowning

be dying for have a real wish for/ to do

be dying to do 恨不得马上，非常想

I’m dying for a cigarette .

The shock was ___ to him. (dead/ died/ deadly/death)

She has for three years. (died/ been dead/ been deadly)

2.quiz quizzed quizzing quizzes

n. a competition or game where questions are put 问答比赛或游戏,小型考试

competition/ race / match

He took part in a television ___ and won several prices. A. match B. race C. quiz D. championship

2） vt. (about) ask questions about sb.对（某人）提问，盘问

quiz sb. about sth

He quizzed me about where I’d been last night.

3false -- adj. 错误的，假的，伪造的

Spies may a number of __ names and papers. A. imitation B. artificial C. false D. man-made.

right or wrong

true or false

4.infect vt.

1)影响（指坏影响），感染（指好的）affect

One bad boy may infect a whole class.

Violence is infecting our society.

Her spirit infected/ affected him.

2)传染，感染

The disease infected her eyes, and she became blind.

Infection n. She is suffering from a l lung infection.

5.inject vt. with/into 注射，注入

They are injecting him with a new drug.

We hope to inject new life/ interest into our work.

Injection n.

The nurse gave him an injection for / against fever.

6.via prep. by way of 经由，经过

We flew to Athens via Paris and Rome.

I sent a message to Mary via her sister.

7.persuade sb. to do sth./ into doing sth.

persuade sb. not to do sth./ out of doing sth.

try to persuade sb. to do = advise sb. to do

Try to persuade him to come with us.

They persuaded us into / out of going(= to go/ not to go) to the party.

The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people ___ to eat more fruit and vegetables. A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded

比较：convince 说服，使信服

persuade

The newspaper article has convinced me ( made me believe) that smoking is a dangerous habit.

The doctor persuaded me to give up smoking.

8.contract v.

1)make a legal agreement with sb.与某人签订（合同或契约）

contract with sb. for sth.

contract with a firm for the supply of fuel.

We have contracted to build a bridge across the river.

2)感染（疾病）

My son contracted a severe fever.

3)负载，染上恶习

contract debts

contract bad habits

n. 合同，契约

enter into/ make a contract (with sb.) (for sth./ to do sth.)

You shouldn’t enter into/ make a contract until you have studied carefully.

We have a contract with the government for the supply of vehicles/to supply vehicles.

9.specialist (a person) with special knowledge or training in a field of work or study

a heart specialist

He is a specialist in Rome coins.

expert : be expert at/ in / on

She is (an) expert on/ in/ at teaching small children.

10.fierce adj.

1)angry, violence and cruel残忍的，凶猛的

a fierce dog

a fierce-looking man

2) very great or strong激烈的,强烈的

the fierce heat of the sun 太阳的炽热

Because there is so much unemployment, the competition for jobs is very fierce.

由于失业人数众多，寻找工作的竞争十分激烈。

fiercely

11.invisible ,visible

in sight / out of sight

12.recover v.

1)get back(something lost or taken away) 重新得到，取回，恢复：

The police recovered the stolen jewelry.

She recovered consciousness soon after the accident.

2)to return to the proper state of health, strength, ability, etc.

恢复（健康，体力，能力等）

Has the country recovered yet from the effects of the war? 哪个国家已从战争的影响下恢复了吗？

Text:

1..1)infect sb./sth. with 感染，传染

2) be/become infected with 被。。。感染

These animals have been infected with the bacteria.

这些动物都已传染了这种病菌。

She infected the whole class with her laughter.

The spreading disease infected eyes, and she became blind.

2.live with sb. 与…在一起=live together

live with sth. = accept, tolerate sth. 忍受

You’ll have to learnt to live with it, I’m afraid.

3.What if…? 要是。。。怎么办？

What if he comes?

What if it rains when we can’t get under shelter? 假如下起雨来，我们没处躲雨怎么办？

4.break down

1) cause sth to collapse, destroy 使。。。瓦解，毁坏(改变某物的化学成分)

Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach.

糖和淀粉在胃里被分解。

Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.

人体中的化学成分把食物分解成有用的物质。

2)(因机械，电力等故障 )停止运转，失灵，失效

The telephone system has broken down.电话失灵了。

Our car broke down on the high way.

3) (身体)跨了（of one’s health） become very bad

Her health broke down under the pressure of work.

4)感情失控 lose control of one’s feelings 感情失去控制

He broke down and wept when he heard the news.

She broke down and sobbed aloud.

5)fail中断，失败

The conversation broke down at this point. 这时候谈话中断了。

Telephone communication with other cities has broken down..

和其他城市的电话联系中断了.

break in –

1)enter a building by force 闯入，强行进入

He broke in and stole my money.

2)interrupt 插嘴，打断

She broke in with some ideas of her own.

break into

1）enter by force 闯入

to break into a house

2）interrupt

to break into a conversation

3）=burst into –begin suddenly to sing, laugh etc.

to break/burst into a song/laughter

break off –

1）end, interrupt 中止，中断

Those two countries have broken off relations with each other.

那两个国家已中断了关系。

2)折断 He broke off a branch.

break out ---to begin suddenly

War / A fire broke out.

break through –force a way through突破

Have our soldiers broken through the enemy’s defenses?

break up-

1）cause to divided into smaller pieces （使）分开, 分解(物理)

The ice will break up when the warm weather comes.

2）to cause to come to an end (使)结束

The police broke up the fight.

The party broke up when the police arrived.

警察到来之后聚会就解散了。

5.defense 保卫；防卫

a defense of one’s country

in defense of 保卫，维护

He spoke in defense of justice. 他发言维护正义。

a defense against

Mountains are a defense against the wind.山是防风的屏障。

6.keep –(cause to) stay, remain, or continue (使)保持，（使）持续

1)跟形容词：

keep fit/ calm/ cool/ silent/ quiet/ awake/ warm/ open/ fresh/ fine

The weather is keeping fine.

We must keep fit.

I was so sleepy that I could hardly keep awake.

How long do the shop keep open?

It is hard to keep warm in such cold weather.

2）跟副词：

We keep in during the cold weather.

Keep away from the fire, children.

3)跟介词：

We’ll keep in touch with you.

4)跟带现在分词的复合结构：

I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.

We’d better keep the fire burning.

5)跟带过去分词的复合结构：

You must keep us informed of how things are going with you.一定要我们经常了解你们情况。

We must keep the documents locked up.

6)跟形容词的复合结构：

Please keep the door open.

Keep the clothes clean.

7)跟介词短语的复合结构

Her sickness kept her in the hospital for six weeks.

A cold kept him in bed for three days.

8)跟副词的复合结构

I’m sorry to keep you up so late.

They kept us out.

7.1)infect-put disease into the body of (sb.) 传染，使感染，染上细菌，影响（用于比喻）

The disease infected her eyes, and she became blind. 这病感染她的双眼，他瞎了。

The flu virus infected almost the entire class.

The meat is infected.

Violence is infecting our society.

2)contract –get an illness 感染；患病

My son contracted a fever. 我的儿子发高烧。

Xiao hua’s mother contracted HIV.

3)transmit –to send or carry from one person, place, or thing to another. 传送，传染

to transmit a disease

Insects can transmit disease.

Rats transmit disease.

Certain mosquitoes transmit malaria.

4)spread 传播

Flies spread disease.

8.as with …正如。。。一样

=as it is the same with…

=as is the case with…

As with drawing a picture, you should be patient and careful in doing this job.正如画画一样，在做这件事时，你应当耐心细致。

As with running, learning English needs will.

学习英语同跑步一样都需要勇气.

9.through birth

birth-n. 出生，分娩

the date of one’s birth

at birth 出生时

The baby weighed seven pounds at birth.

from birth/ though birth

He has been blind from birth.

give birth to 生，生产

She gave a birth to a boy last night.

birth control

French by birth 具有法国血统

出身 [u] He is English by birth although he was born in France.

她虽然生在法国，原籍却是英国。

10.spread- vt. Vi.

1)传播，散布

Flies spread disease.

Who spread these rumors?

2)蔓延，传开vi.

The fire soon spread to the other building.

The illness spread quickly in that country.

News of their victory spread throughout the country.

3)伸展，延伸

The bird spread its wings. 鸟儿伸开翅膀。

比较：The bird beat its wings.

The field spreads out before us.田野展开在我们面前。

11.hope –n. 1)希望 [c.u]

While there is life there is hope.

There is a hope of success.

He has some hope(s) of success.

in hopes of= in the hope of

I went there in hopes of meeting some friends.

12.support –vt.

1)支撑，搀扶

The old man stood up, supported by his son.

2)支持，拥护

I support your suggestion.

链接：be in favor of : I’m in favor of your suggestion.

back –v. He always backs his friend in an argument.

be on one’s side – He is always on my side.

side with支持，支援 It’s safer to side with the stronger party.

支持实力较强的一方比较有利.

take sides 袒护，支持

No one takes sides with him.

3) 养活，维持生活support/ keep/ provide for

He had a wife and three children to support./keep/provide for.

keep/ feed / raise

He has five children to feed/ keep/ raise.

13.1)受。。。之苦suffer from

He suffered most from lack of rest.

He suffered a great deal from cold and hunger in the old days.

2)患（某种疾病）

We learned that he was suffering from cancer.

I suffer from high blood.

3)受到，遭受（vt）to experience(sth) painful

The army suffered heavy losses in the battle．

endure-to bear pain忍受，忍耐

go through经受，忍受

14.fear n.

*for fear of 由于害怕，以防

They were afraid to speak for fear of making errors.

Shut the window for fear of rain.

He left an hour early for fear of missing the train.

He ran away for fear of being hurt.

*for fear that 唯恐，怕的是，以防

She worried for fear that the child would be hurt.

Shut the window for fear that it may rain.

*in fear and trembling 胆战心惊的

He stood there in fear and trembling.

*in fear of 害怕，担心

The thief was in fear of the police.

The thief passed the day in fear of discovery.

fear –v。1）be afraid of

fear +n.

+ for 担心

+(that) 恐怕, 担心=I’m afraid

He has always feared nice.

She feared for the lost child.

I fear we’ll be late.

I fear I must go.

It’s raining, I fear.

简单回答：

Is she very ill? I fear so.

Will he get well? I fear not.

15.immune-adj. 免疫的；有免疫力的；不受影响的 (同 to, from连用)unable to be harmed because of special powers in oneself

immune to disease不生病

immune to unhappiness不会不快乐

This medicine will make you immune to (from) the disease..

He has had the disease once, so he should be immune to it now.

When once you have had the disease you are immune from it for the rest of your life.

16.1）disrupt –to bring or throw in disorder扰乱

An accident has disrupted railway services into and out of the city.意外事件扰乱了进出那个城市的铁路服务。

2)disturb-to break in(esp. someone is working)妨碍，打扰

I’m sorry to disturb you. 对不起，打扰了。

3)bother-to cause to be nervous, annoy or trouble, esp. in little ways打扰，麻烦

That’s what bothers me most. 这是最困扰我的地方。

I’m sorry to bother you , but can you tell me the time?

4)interrupt-to break the flow (of sth. continuous ) 阻断，打断

Traffic was interrupted by a snowstorm.

His speech was constantly interrupted by applause.

17. contrary --adj. 1)completely different; wholly opposed 相反的，格格不入的

contrary suggestions

n. the opposite相反；反面

They say he is guilty, but I believe the contrary.

On the contrary (used for expression strong opposition to what has just been said用来对刚说的话表示强烈反对) not all, no 恰恰相反

--- I hear you like your new job.

---On the contrary, it’s terribly uninteresting.

比较：

1)on the contrary 用来对刚说过的话表示完全不同意

“Does it rain a lot in the desert?”

“On the contrary, it hardly ever rains.”

2)on the other hand 对说做的陈述补充新的相反的事实

It rarely rains a lot in the coastal areas. 沙漠里很少下雨，但反之沿海地区经常下雨。

3)in contrast 用来说明两个根本不同的事实之间的（惊人的）差别：

It is hot in the desert in the day, but in contrast it is very cold at night. 沙漠里白天很热，但是相比之下夜里却很冷。

18. for the moment 暂时，目前

I have nothing to do for the moment.

We can leave it open for the moment.

*at the moment = at the present time; now

I’m busy at the moment.

I know his address, but I cannot think of it at the moment.

*the moment (that) =just as soon as; at exactly the time when

I recognized him the moment (that) I saw him.

*at any moment 任何时候；随时

He might come back at any moment.

He will be here at any moment.

篇11：高二下学期英语期末复习教案（语言点）(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

东北育才学校：赵志强

Unit 11 Scientific Achievements

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

1. likely adj. 很可能的,预期的

John is likely to be in London this autumn.

今年秋天约翰可能在伦敦。

It is likely that the main lecturer will be late. 主讲人很可能迟到。

2. overseas adv.1. 在(或向)海外;在(或向)国外

Studying overseas is very popular now. 在国外学习很流行。

adj. (在)海外的;(在)国外的

an overseas market 国外市场

3. rely on 依靠，依赖

You can't rely on the weather. 这天气可靠不住。

You may rely on me to help you. 你可以信赖我会帮助你的。

4. locate vt .把...设置在,使...坐落于,找出…的位置

The company located its branch office in the suburbs.该公司把它的分公司设在郊区。

The museum is located on Main Street. 博物馆位于梅茵街。

The police are trying to locate the missing man. 警方正设法查明那个失踪者的下落。

5. announce vt.宣布,发布

The vote was completed. The chairman announced the result.

投票完毕。主席宣布了结果。

6. have …in common 共同的;共有的

Those two have something in common.两者有共同之处。

Unit 12 Fact and Fantasy

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

1. voyage n. 航海,航行, 太空旅行

The voyage from America to France used to take two months. 从美国到法国的航行过去要花二个月时间。

2. throw light upon 阐明某事，使某事显得非常清楚

Their discovery throw new light upon an old scientific controversy. 他们的发现阐明了一个古老的科学争论。

3. hesitate vi. 踌躇;犹豫

Don't hesitate about that. Do it at once.

对于那件事不要再犹豫了。马上去做吧。

4. horror n. 恐怖,震惊,毛骨悚然

She sat motionlessly with horror.

她惊恐地呆坐着。

Adj. 引起恐怖的

Children should not see the horror movie. 儿童不该看恐怖电影。

5. remind vt. 提醒;使想起（常用搭配：remind sb of sth, remind sb to do sth, remind sb that）

I reminded Gerald of his promise. 我提醒吉罗德他曾许下的诺言。

6. consider vt. 考虑,细想(常用搭配：consider doing sth)

We're considering moving to Seattle. 我们考虑搬往西雅图。

认为;把...视为 (常用搭配：consider sb/sth to be /as….)

Jean considered herself (to be) very lucky.

琼认为自己非常幸运。

7. set up, set out, set off

Set up 建立 set out 出发,开始 set off 出发去

A new government was set up after the war.新政府于战后成立。

They set out at dawn. 他们黎明时分出发。

They set off for Denver. 他们出发去丹佛。

Unit 13 The Water Planet

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

1. benefit n.利益,好处;优势

The new hospital will be a great benefit to the town.

新建成的医院将给全城带来莫大好处。

vt. 对...有益,有益于

The sea air will benefit you. 海边的空气对你有益。

vi. 得益,受惠（常用搭配：benefit from…）

We benefited greatly by this frank talk. 这次坦率的谈话使我们获益匪浅。

2. available adj. 可用的,在手边的;可利用的

The swimming pool is available only in summer.

这个游泳池只在夏天开放。

3. range vi.平行; 列成一行,绵亘, 延伸

The shabby houses used to range along the road. 过去这路边破败的房子排成行。

The road ranges westward from the lake. 这条路由湖边向西延伸。

(在一定范围内) 变动, 变化

The temperature ranges between 30 and 40 degrees centigrade. 温度在摄氏三十度与四十度之间。

4. take advantage of利用, 欺骗;占...的便宜

He took advantage of the good weather to go for a walk.

他趁着天气好,出去散散步。

He has always been taking advantage of me. 他老是占我的便宜。

5. survive . vt. 在...之后仍然生存,从...中逃生

Only two passengers survived the air-crash. 这次飞机失事只有两名乘客幸免于死。

vi. 活下来,幸存;残留

Few survived after the flood. 洪水后极少有人生还。

6. incredible 不能相信的,不可信的,难以置信的

The plot of the book is incredible. 这本书的情节叫人难以相信。

7. dissolve vt./vi. 分解 . (使)溶解;(使)融化

Water dissolves salt. 水溶解盐。

Sugar dissolves in water. 糖溶于水。

8. medium手段,工具

English is not the usual medium of instruction in our school.英语不是我校通常使用的教学语言。

新闻媒介,传播媒介

A good deal of adult education is accomplished by the mass media.成人教育的相当一部分是由大众传播媒介完成的。

Unit 14 Freedom Fighters

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

1. join vt. 参加;作...的成员

I'll persuade him to join our club.我将劝他加入我们的俱乐部。

连结;使结合

He joined the two pieces of wood together with glue.他用胶水将这两块木料粘在一起。

2. forbid vt. 禁止,不许 (常用搭配：forbid doing, forbid sb to do )

The new law forbids smoking in offices.新法律禁止在办公室抽烟。

Their father forbade them to go.他们的父亲禁止他们去。

3. set an example to 树立榜样

She arrived at the office early to set an example to

the others. 她很早就来到办公室,作为他人的表率。

4. boycott vt. 联合抵制;拒绝参加(或购买等);

They boycotted the meeting. 他们拒绝参加那个会议。

n.联合抵制;拒绝参加

We put the production under a boycott. 我们联合抵制该商品。

5. inspire vt.鼓舞,激励,驱使,赋予...灵感,给...以启示

His speech inspired us to try again. 他的演讲鼓舞了我们再作尝试。

The beautiful scenery inspired the composer. 美丽的景色使作曲家灵思泉涌。

6. believe in 与believe 的区别

Believe in : 信任； believe : 相信

I don't believe a single word he

says. 他的话我一句也不信。

We believe in him. 我们信任他。

7. judge vt. 裁判;评定;裁决

You can't judge a book by its cover. 你不能根据封面来评价一本书。

Judging by/from what he said, he seems to have interviewed the chairman. 根据他所说的判断，他似乎已经会见过主席了。

8. act vt.扮演

He acted Othello at the Royal Theater that evening. 那天晚上他在皇家剧院扮演奥赛罗。

vi. 行动, 举止,表现

We should act immediately. 我们应该立即行动。

I don't think she acted right. 我认为她做得欠妥。

语法快递复习被动语态

被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，如：A new swimming pool will be built on our school.

被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称，数，时态和语气的不同而变化。各种时态的被动语态形式如下：

1. 一般现在时 am/is/are+V(p.p)

人们利用电能运转机器。Electricity is used to run machines.

2. 一般过去时 was/were + V(p.p)

昨天我们在山坡上种了许多树。Many trees were planted on the hill yesterday.

3. 一般将来时 will/shall +be+V(p.p)

下星期我们将举行一场运动会。A sports meeting will be held next week.

4. .过去将来时 should/would +be+V(p.p)

他告诉我们人们将在他家乡建一个大水坝。We were told that a big reservoir would be built in his hometown.

Unit 15 Destinations

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

1. phenomenon 现象（复数形式是：phenomena）

The employment problem tends to be a city phenomenon.

就业问题常常是一个城市现象。

2. get tired of 对。。。感到厌倦；对。。。失去兴趣

I’ve got tired of listening to your criticisms. 我厌烦了每天听你的批评。

3. guarantee n. 保证;商品保证;保证书

The TV set has a year's guarantee. 这架电视机有一年的保修期。

vt. . 保证;担保

Perfect satisfaction is guaranteed to our customers. 保证我们的顾客完全满意。

4. budget n 预算;预算费;生活费,经费

It is essential to balance one's budget. 量入为出是很重要的。

vt. 把...编入预算;按照预算来计划

The school budgeted one million dollars for a new library. 学校编列了一百万美元建新图书馆的预算。

5. sight n.视觉,视力，视界,视域，看见,目睹，景色名胜

I'll have my sight tested tomorrow. 我明天去检查视力。

Victory is in sight. 胜利在望。

The girl dreaded the sight of snakes.那女孩害怕看到蛇。

You cannot understand a person at first sight. 你不能第一次见面就了解一个人。

6. scene、scenery、sight和view 的异同

scene、scenery、sight和view 都有景象的含义。

scene指展现在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一部分，大多包括景物中的人及活动在内。如：The scene after the earthquake was horrible.地震后的场景十分可怕。scenery指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色。如：The scenery as one travels by boat along the Changjiang Three Gorges is marvelous.坐船游览长江三峡的时候，两岸的风景美不胜收。sight则既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观，又可以指名胜、风景，只是在表示后者的含义时，必须要用复数。如：a sad sight悲惨的场景see the historical sights of London游览伦敦的名胜古迹。它与view或者scenery最大的不同就在于当sight指景物时，多指某的特有的名胜。view常指从远处或高处看到的scenery的一部分，有时可与scene互换。如：The mountain hotel offered magnificent views.从山间旅行社可以看到壮丽的景观。

6. a variety of种种（也可以写成：varieties of）

He has a variety of interests. 他有多种爱好。

7. prefer vt.宁可,宁愿(选择);更喜欢（常用搭配：prefer to do sth, prefer doing sth, prefer to do sth rather than do sth, prefer doing sth to doing sth）

I prefer the quiet countryside to the noisy cities. 我喜欢安静的乡村胜过喧闹的城市。

I prefer to travel to different places rather than stay at home peacefully. 我喜欢到不同的地方旅行，而不是平静地呆在家里。

Unit 16 The United States of America

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

1. aim vt. 把...瞄准;把...对准掷向[(+at)]

He aimed the gun at the door. 他把枪对准那扇门。

vi. 瞄准,对准，致力于, (常用搭配：aim at aim to do sth)

The hunter aimed at the lion and fired. 猎人瞄准了狮子开火。

We aim at doubling our production. 我们的目标是将生产增加一倍。

n.目标,目的

It is now our aim to set up a factory. 我们现在的目的是创办一座工厂。

2. vain a. 爱虚荣的,自负的,炫耀的

She is vain and extravagant. 她既爱虚荣又奢侈。

徒然的,无益的

They made vain attempts to reach the mountaintop.

他们几次徒然尝试想攀登山顶。

in vain 无结果，徒然

All our work was in vain. 我们的工作全都白干了。

3. insist vt. 坚持;坚决认为

She insisted that he was wrong. 她坚持认为他错了。

vt. 坚决主张;坚决要求

Jane insisted that he be present. 珍坚持要他出席。

vi.. 坚持,坚决认为;强调

He insisted on/upon my going with him. 他坚持要我跟他一起去。

I insist on seeing it. 我一定要见到它。

4. clothing n. (总称)衣服,衣着

Our clothing protects us from the cold. 衣服帮我们御寒。

Clothing, clothes, cloth，dress的区别：

cloth是物质名词，意为”布“，没有复数形式，而clothing是指衣物的总称，也没有复数形式。clothes是指衣服，但没有单数形式，如：

This clothing is needed in warm countries.在温暖的国家需要这种服装。

Her clothes are made of fine cloth. 他的衣服是由高质量的布制成。

英文中的dress则指较正规的服装，如：a school dress 校服，an evening dress晚礼服。

5 in turn 转而，反过来，轮流

The girls called out their names in turn. 女孩们逐个报出自己的名字。

Listening to English as much as possible can improve one’s hearing, which in turn can improve his speaking. 尽可能多听英语可以提高听力能力，转而提高口语能力。

6 have an effect on 对。。。有影响

As is known to all, pollution has a bad effect on the city. 众所周知，污染对城市有坏影响。

Unit 17 Disabilities

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

1. ability n. 能力;才能(常用搭配：ability to do sth)

She did the work to the best of her ability. 她已尽了力去做那件工作了。

2. gifted a.有天资的,有天赋的

He is a gifted athlete.他是个有天赋的运动员。

3. adjust to vt. 调节;改变...以适应 ,校准;调整

She must learn to adjust herself to English life. 她必须学会适应英国的生活。

vi. 适应(常用搭配：adjust to sth)

Astronauts in flight must adjust to weightlessness. 宇航员在飞行中得适应失重状态。

4. get used to习惯于

She is used to hard work.

她习惯于艰苦工作。

注意：在be/get used to 句型中，to 是介词，所以后面一定要用名词或动词的-ing 形式。

5. sense 意识，观念，感官，官能

She has no sense of time. 她没有时间观念。

Your brother has a good sense of humor. 你兄弟很有幽默感。

6. participate vi.参加,参与（常用搭配：participate in）

No professionals participated in the contest. 没有职业选手参加这一比赛。

7. potential adj. 潜在的,可能的

The dispute has scared away potential investors. 这一争端吓走了潜在的投资者。

n.可能性;潜力,潜能

She has acting potential, but she needs training. 她有表演潜力,但需要训练。

复习直接宾语和间接宾语

有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give给，pass递，bring带，show显示。这两个宾语通常一个指人，为间接宾语；一个指物，为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。

一般的顺序为：动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语。如：Give me a cup of tea, please.

强调间接宾语顺序为：动词 + 直接宾语 + to + 间接宾语。如：Show this house to Mr. Smith.

若直接宾语为人称代词：动词+ 代词直接宾语 + to + 间接宾语。如：Bring it to me, please.

在间接宾语的前面，不同的动词用不同的介词，有的用to , 有的用for.常用to 的动词是：bring, give, hand, lend, mail pass, read, tell, send, show, sell, throw, write, teach 等。而常用for 的动词有：buy, cook, do, find, get, make等。

如：Hand the salt to me, please. 请把盐递给我。

She teaches English to advanced students. 她教高水平学生的英语。

She promised to lend some books to me. 她承诺要借我一些书。

Remember to write letters to me. 记得给我写信。

Unit 18 Inventions

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

1. allow vt. 允许,准许(常用搭配：allow doing sth, allow sb to do sth)

Swimming is not allowed at this beach. 这片海滩禁止游泳。

She allowed us to smoke. 她允许我们抽烟。

Allow for 顾及，为。。。做准备

We'd better start earlier. We should allow for traffic delays.

我们还是早些动身为好。我们要考虑到路上交通会有耽搁。

2. reject vt. 拒绝,抵制

The plan was rejected. 该计划遭拒绝。

3. stick n.棍,棒,杖;手杖

Grandpa still walks without a stick. 爷爷走路仍不拄拐杖。

vt. 粘贴;张贴伸,伸出

They stuck the notice on the wall. 他们把通知贴在墙上。

Don't stick your head out of the train window. 不要把头伸出火车窗外面。

被...难住; 被困住

Have you got stuck over your algebra? 你的代数题做不下去了吧?

4. aware adj.知道的,察觉的 (常用搭配：be aware of, be aware+ that )

I am well aware that this is a tough job.

我深知这是一件棘手的工作。

She was not aware of having done wrong.

她没有意识到做错了事。

5. application n. 应用,适用;运用

Biology has practical applications. 生物学有实用性。

申请,请求;申请书

I made an application for a loan. 我申请一笔贷款。

6. strategy n. 战略;战略学

He is an expert in military strategy. 他是军事战略专家。

策略,计谋;对策

The government adopted a strategy of massive deflation. 政府采取了大规模紧缩通货的策略。

Unit 19 The Merchant of Venice

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

1. give up 放弃,戒绝

The girl gave up halfway.这女孩中途放弃。

I wish I could give up drinking.我真希望自己能戒酒。

2. may/might as well (强调的劝告)不妨;最好

You may as well stay here for a few days. 你最好在这里停留几天。

3. offer vt. 主动给予,提供;

He offered me a glass of wine. 他端给我一杯酒。

They offered to help me. 他们表示愿意帮助我。

He offered to lend me some books.

他表示要借给我几本书。

3. 出(价);开(价)

We offered him the calculator for US$50.

这计算器我们向他开价五十美元。

n. 提供,提议

Thank you for your kind offer of help. 感谢你想给予帮助的好意。

4. hope for 希望，盼望

Leaders hope for peace and stability in Iraq. 领导者希望伊拉克和平稳定。

5. envy n. 妒忌;羡慕vt. 妒忌;羡慕

She said it out of envy. 她出于嫉妒说了这话。

妒忌的对象;羡慕的目标

His talent is the envy of his colleagues. 他的同事都羡慕他的才能。

I envy you your good luck. 我羡慕你的好运。

6. versus prep. (法律和运动用语,常略作v.或vs.)对;对抗

The big match tonight is England versus Spain.

今晚的大赛是英格兰对西班牙。

Robinson versus Brown

鲁宾逊对布朗的诉讼

prep. 与...相对

the problem of mercy versus revenge

饶恕与复仇相抗衡的问题

Unit 20 Archaeology

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

1. date back to , date from 从。。开始，起源于，上溯到

The Sanxingdui site is said to date back to 5000 years ago.

三星堆遗址据说开始于5000年前。

2. in terms of 就...而论;在...方面

In terms of money, he's quite rich, but not in terms of happiness.

就钱来说他很富有,但就幸福来说就不然了。

3. root n. (植物的)根; 根;根基;本质

These plants have very deep roots. 这些植物的根长得很深。

This is the root cause of poverty. 这是贫穷的根本原因。

vi.生根根源在于,来源于

Some plants root easily. 有些植物容易生根成长。

The crime rooted in his greed for money. 这一犯罪行为起因于他对金钱的贪得无厌。

4. survive vt.. 在...之后仍然生存,从...中逃生

Only two passengers survived the air-crash. 这次飞机失事只有两名乘客幸免于死。

vi. 活下来,幸存;残留

Few survived after the flood. 洪水后极少有人生还。

5. serve as vt. 为...服务;为...服役，侍候(顾客等);供应(饭菜)，充当

Children must be educated to serve their country when they grow up.

必须教育孩子长大后为国家服务。

She served me a cup of coffee. 她给我端上一杯咖啡。

The room served as an operation room temporarily. 那间屋子临时充当手术室。

6. tend to vi. 1. 走向;趋向

Old people tend to get fat.

老年人容易发胖。

He tends towards selfishness.

他有自私自利的倾向。

7. proven a. 被证明的

Truth is something proven by experiment, so nothing should be taken for granted. 真理是要被实践证明的，所以没有什么东西可以想当然。

语法快递 it 用法

it的用法

（1）用作人称代词，代替前文提出到的无生命的事物，动植物、婴儿及指示代词this, that，如，

I have a new pen. It is beautiful. 我有一只新钢笔，它很好看。

The Browns have a new baby. It's cute. 布朗一家新生了一个小孩，很可爱。

（2）用来表示时间、天气、距离等，如，

It's twelve o'clock now. 现在12点了。

It's fine today. 今天天气很好。

语法总复习1----情态动词

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

复习情态动词

1．表示可能性的情态动词

may 和might用来推测现在“可能”，may 比might表示的可能性大些。may通常只用于陈述句中。例如：

--It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能下雨。

用may 表示“可能”一般不用于疑问句，在疑问句中通常用can表示。例如：

--Can they have missed the bus? --Yes, they may have.

他们可能错过了公共汽车吗？是的。

2．表示能力的情态动词

can可表示某人具有某种特定技巧、（潜在）能力或通过感官意识到某物。 could表示某人过去具有某种技巧、（潜在）能力或意识。

-Some people can ski better than others. 有些人滑雪比其他人好。

Everyone in the village could hear her voice. 村子里每个人都能听见她的声音。

be able to/be unable to不仅有现在时、过去时，还可有将来时、现在完成时、不定式、动词-ing形式等。例如：

Our baby will be able to walk in a few weeks. 我们的婴儿几周后就能走路了。

Since his accident he hasn’t been able to leave the house. 自从事故后，他就不能离开房子了。

3. 表示肯定推测的情态动词

must用于推测时，表示“一定”、“肯定”，表明说话人认为的可能性很大。一般只用于肯定陈述句中。否定形式用can’t，表示“一定不”“肯定不”

如： Oh, you must be Sylvia’s husband. 你一定是西尔薇亚的丈夫。

语法总复习2- - -被动语态

被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，如：A new swimming pool will be built on our school.

被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称，数，时态和语气的不同而变化。各种时态的被动语态形式如下：

1. 一般现在时 am/is/are+V(p.p)

人们利用电能运转机器。Electricity is used to run machines.

2. 一般过去时 was/were + V(p.p)

昨天我们在山坡上种了许多树。Many trees were planted on the hill yesterday.

3. 一般将来时 will/shall +be+V(p.p)

下星期我们将举行一场运动会。A sports meeting will be held next week.

4. .过去将来时 should/would +be+V(p.p)

他告诉我们人们将在他家乡建一个大水坝。We were told that a big reservoir would be built in his hometown.

5. 现在进行时 am/is/are +being+V(p.p)

他正在油漆房子。A house is being painted.

6. 过去进行时 was/were +being+V(p.p)

当我进厨房时，她正在做蛋糕。A cake was being made when I came into the kitchen.

7. 现在完成时 have/has +been+V(p.p)

他已经结束工作了。He has finished his work. His work has been finished.

8. 过去完成时 had +been+V(p.p)

到上个月为止，他们已经把这本书翻译成了英语。

The book had been translated into English by the end of last month.

9. 将来完成时will have +been+V(p.p)

2,000 words will have been learned by the end of next year.

10. 带情态动词的被动语态由情态动词+be+V(p.p)”构成。如：

The machine must be operated with care.

注意：主动形式表示被动意义的情况

Habits are easy to make but hard to break . (Habits是to make、to break的逻辑宾语 ) 。习惯容易养成，但很难改变。

She only has a small cold room to live in . (不定式所修饰的名词或代词是动词的宾语，而句子的主语也是不定式的逻辑主语时 ) 她只有一间寒冷的斗室可以容身。

The bike needs repairing ( = to be repaired在动词want、need、require等后面常用动名词表示被动含义，等于不定式的被动形式。) . 自行车需要修理了。

This novel is well worth reading. (worth后跟动名词主动形式表示被动)这本小说很值得阅读。

A big fire happened / took place / broke out last night . (不及物动词没有被动语态)

How sweet the music sounds ! （感官动词用主动形式表示被意思。）

The book sells well . (write、read、sell、keep、prove、weigh、number、drink、wear、pay、wash、open常用主动形式表被动意义)这本书销路很好。

语法总复习3------非谓语动词

Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision

Grammar revision

Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss

Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar

2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement

Teaching materials & focuses:

非谓语动词

动词的非谓语形式有三种：不定式、动名词和分词．

(一)不定式

不定式由“ to十动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“ not to do”．不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化．不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语．不定式的逻辑主语有时用“ for十名词或代词宾格”构成．

1．不定式的用法：

l)作主语． To see is to believe．眼见为实。

2)作宾语． He wanted to go．他想走开。

I find it interesting to study work with him.我发现和他一起工作很有趣。

3)作宾语补足语． He asked me to do the work with him. 他请我和他一起工作。

4)作定语．I have some books for you to read．我有一些书给你读。

5)作状语，表示目的、原因、结果或条件．

I came here to see you．我到这里来看你。(目的)

We were very excited to hear the news．我们听到消息非常兴奋。(原因)

He hurried to the school to find nobody there．他急忙去了学校，结果发现那里没有人。(结果)

To look at him, you would like him．如果你看见他，你会喜欢他。(条件)

6)作表语． My job is to help the patient．我的工作是帮助患者。

7)作独立成分．To tell the truth， I don’t agree with you. 说实话，我不同意你。

8)不定式与疑问词 who，which，when，where，how，what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等．例如：

He didn’t know what to say. 他不知道说什么。

（二）动词的ing 形式。

动词的ing 形式由动词十 ing构成;可作主语、宾语、表语和定语，状语，但是不可以做谓语。

It is no use arguing with him. 和他争辩是没有用的。（做主语）

He is fond of playing football．他迷恋足球。（做宾语）

Her job is teaching. 他的工作是教书。（做表语）

He has a reading room. 他有一间阅览室。（做定语）

Being a student，he was interested in books．作为一名学生，他对书感兴趣。（做状语）

Having studied in the university for 3 years, he knows the way very well．在大学学习了3年，他对道路很熟悉。（ing 的过去式做状语）

篇12：高二上unit 10语言点教案(人教版高二英语上册教案教学设计)

I. Listening & Speaking

1. How does nature form a danger to people in the world and how can science help reduce that threat?

Reduce 1)vt.(数量；力量等)减小；缩小；降低价格 She reduced her weight by 5 kg.

2)使成为（多用于被动语态，且与to连用） The house was reduced to ashes.

He was reduced to begging.

2. scare/frighten sb. 使某人害怕 be scared/ frightened/ afraid of sb./ sth. 害怕某人/某物

a scared/ frightened face/ look/ eyes充满恐惧的脸/神色/眼神（此人感到害怕）

a scaring/ frightening face/look/ eyes吓人的脸/神色/眼神（令别人害怕）

be scared/ frightened to death吓得要死

拓展 terrifying/terrified (可怕的/感到害怕的) exciting/excited （令人激动的/激动的）

surprising/surprised（令人吃惊的/吃惊的） moving/moved （使人感动的/感动的）

touching/touched （使人感动的/感动的） puzzling/puzzled （使人迷惑的/迷惑的）

3. It makes my hair stand on end.

stand on end直立，竖着 on end 1)直立；竖直地

It will fit if you lift it on end.如果把它竖着就合适了

2）连续的；继续的

He sat there for hours on end. It has been snowing on end for a week.

II. Reading

1. attract/ draw sb’s attention 引起某人的注意

attract/ draw sb’s attention to将某人的注意力吸引到…上去

pay attention to/ give one’s attention to注意… call sb’s attention to叫某人注意…

bring sth. to sb’s attention使某人注意…

2 sight 1)景象，景物, 场景, 景观 a beautiful sight美丽的景象 a sad sight悲惨的场景

2) 风景，名胜（人工造的景色, 常用复数） see the sights游览名胜see the sights of the West Lake.观赏西湖风景

3)视觉，视力 lose one's sight 失明 have long/far sight远视 have short/near sight近视

have good/poor sight视力好/差 have one’s sight tested视力检查

4) 看，观望；观览at first sight 一见就..., 初次看见时at the sight of一看见…就... catch /have/ gain/ get sight of突然瞥见

5) 视野，眼界 be in sight可看得见的，在视线内out of sight看不见的，在视线之外 be/ go /get out of sight看不见了lose sight of 看不见...了

scene 1）自然景色，风景The scene is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.

2）眼前的情景，景象（包括人及活动在内）The scene after the earthquake was horrible.地震后的场景十分可怕。

There is a happy scene of children playing in the garden.孩子们在花园里玩耍，好一派欢乐的景象。

3）现场，出事地点a crowd at the scene of the accident在出事地点的人群

4）场所，地点What's new on the film scene?电影院演什么新片？

5）（戏剧）场景，布景

view 1）常指从某处可以看到的自然景色 It's a room with a view. You'll like it. There is a lovely view from this window

2）a point of view观点

scenery指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色。不可数。

I hope one day I will have a long holiday and go to a far-away village to enjoy the beautiful scenery.

3. awake vt.(awoke,awaked) 唤起,叫醒；提醒,启发；激起,激发 awake sb.'s sympathy唤起某人的同情心

adj. [用作表语,补语] 醒着的;意识到 be broad /wide awake完全醒着;完全知道, 充分觉察到 (be sound asleep酣睡)

awake to 明白, 认识或意识到

It took her some to awake to the dangers of her situation.过了一段时间她才意识到她处境的危险

4 at hand在手边；在跟前 Help was at hand. 援助近在咫尺

keep sth. at hand把某物放在手边 have sth. at hand手头上有某物

give sb. a hand with sth.在某方面帮某人 be made by hand手工制作的

5。There was no way out except by boat.

way out（克服困难的）办法，出路

find a way out找到出路 help sb. out （of）帮助某人摆脱（…）麻烦

6.escape 常见搭配：escape doing , a narrow escape

7. urge sb. to do sth.= urge sb. into doing sth =urge that sb. (should) do sth. 极力劝/主张/催促/怂恿某人做某事

①他们怂恿我吃那些奇怪的食物。 They urged me to eat the strange food.

②他力劝我们忍耐是必要的。 He urged us on the necessity of patience.

③他主张我向她道歉。 He urged that I (should ) apologize to her.

8. on/ upon arrival一到就

on/ upon one’s arrival at/ in sp= on/ upon arriving at/ in sp 某人一到某地就

on/ upon doing sth.在做某事时，当某事发生时，一做某事就

immediately 立即，马上（at once）

When she heard the good news she came immediately. 一听到好消息，她立刻就来了。

“一……就….”表达法： immediately/ instantly… the moment, instant, minute, second… hardly/scarcely (no sooner)…when (than)…

Immediately he returned from the USA, he began to prepare for a company. 他一从美国回来就开始准备开公司

III. Integrating skills

1. knock about/ around（口语）漫游；闲逛

knock against / on sth 撞，碰；knock into; knock out of;

2. be up发生；出事 What's up怎么了, 发生什么啦? What's up to sb.?某人怎么了, 发生什么啦?

be up to1）胜任, 适于 be up to one’s work胜任某人的工作

2）从事于，忙于，做（坏事）What in the world are you up to?你到底在搞什么鬼？

3）It’s up to sb. to do sth.该由/轮到某人做某事，做某事取决于某人

The success of this project is up to us.这个项目的成败取决于我们

4）（数目）到…之多 up to 100 men可达一百人

up to直到 up to now/ then知道现在/那时

3. do for sb./ sth. “破坏, 使…失败.”

1) The spelling mistake in the exam did for him.

2) The factory will be done for it if capital can’t arrive in fifteen days.

若资金不能在十五天内到位，工厂就完了。

do for “ 设法弄到” 常用于how , what 开头的疑问句中.

eg. How did you do for food when you were in the desert?

Unit 10 Frightening nature

I. Listening & Speaking

1. How does nature form a danger to people in the world and how can science help reduce that threat?

Reduce 1)vt._______________ She reduced her weight by 5 kg.

2)使成为（多用于被动语态，且与to连用）

The house was reduced to ashes. He was reduced to begging.

2. scare/frighten sb. 使某人害怕 be scared/ frightened/ afraid of sb./ sth. 害怕某人/某物

a scared/ frightened face/ look/ eyes_______________

a scaring/ frightening face/look/ eyes_______________

be scared/ frightened to death_______________

拓展 terrifying/terrified (_______________) exciting/excited （_______________）

surprising/surprised（_______________） moving/moved （_______________）

touching/touched （_______________） puzzling/puzzled （_______________）

exercise:

(1.)__the big snake, the girl stood under the tree___.

A. Seeing ;frightened B. Seeing ; frightening C. Seen; frightened D. To see; frightening

(2.)The movie was so___that I was___.

A. moving; moved B. moved; moved C. moved; moving D. moving; moving

3. It makes my hair stand on end. stand on end直立，竖着

on end 1) _______________ It will fit if you lift it on end.

2）_______________ He sat there for hours on end. It has been snowing on end for a week.

II. Reading

1. sight 1)景象，景物, 场景, 景观 a beautiful sight美丽的景象 a sad sight悲惨的场景

2) 风景，名胜（人工造的景色, 常用复数） see the sights_______________see the sights of the West Lake. _______________

3)视觉，视力 lose one's sight _________ have long/far sight_______ have short/near sight_______

4) 看，观望；观览at first sight _________at the sight of_________. catch /have/ gain/ get sight of_________

5) 视野，眼界 be in sight_________out of sight_________ be/ go /get out of sight_________lose sight of _________

scene 1）自然景色，风景The scene is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.

2）眼前的情景，景象（包括人及活动在内）The scene after the earthquake was horrible.

There is a happy scene of children playing in the garden.

3）现场，出事地点a crowd at the scene of the accident

4）场所，地点What's new on the film scene?

5）（戏剧）场景，布景

view 1）常指从某处可以看到的自然景色 It's a room with a view. You'll like it. There is a lovely view from this window

2）a point of view观点

scenery指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色。不可数。

I hope one day I will have a long holiday and go to a far-away village to enjoy the beautiful scenery.

2. awake vt.(awoke, awaken) 唤起,叫醒；提醒,启发；激起,激发 awake sb.'s sympathy唤起某人的同情心

adj. [用作表语,补语] 醒着的;意识到 be broad /wide awake_________ (be sound asleep酣睡)

awake to 明白, 认识或意识到

It took her some to awake to the dangers of her situation.

3 at hand_________________ Help was at hand. _________

keep sth. at hand_________ have sth. at hand_________give sb. a hand with sth. _________ be made by hand_________

4。There was no way out except by boat.

way out_________

find a way out找到出路 help sb. out （of）帮助某人摆脱（…）麻烦

5.escape 常见搭配：escape doing , a narrow escape

6. urge sb. to do sth.= urge sb. into doing sth =urge that sb. (should) do sth. 极力劝/主张/催促/怂恿某人做某事

They urged me to eat the strange food. He urged us on the necessity of patience.

He urged that I (should ) apologize to her.

7. on/ upon arrival_________

on/ upon one’s arrival at/ in sp= on/ upon arriving at/ in sp 某人一到某地就

on/ upon doing sth.在做某事时，当某事发生时，一做某事就

immediately 立即，马上（at once）

When she heard the good news she came immediately. 一听到好消息，她立刻就来了。

“一……就….”表达法：_________; _________; _________; _________

Immediately he returned from the USA, he began to prepare for a company. 他一从美国回来就开始准备开公司

III. Integrating skills

1. knock about/ around（口语）_________

knock against / on sth 撞，碰；knock into; knock out of;

4. be up_________ What's up怎么了, 发生什么啦? What's up to sb.?某人怎么了, 发生什么啦?

be up to1）_________ be up to one’s work胜任某人的工作

2）_________ What in the world are you up to?你到底在搞什么鬼？

3）It’s up to sb. to do sth. _________ The success of this project is up to us.

4）_________ up to 100 men

5) up to_________ up to now/ then_________

2. do for sb./ sth. “_________.”

1) The spelling mistake in the exam did for him.

2) The factory will be done for if capital can’t arrive in fifteen days.

do for “ 设法弄到” 常用于how , what 开头的疑问句中.

eg. How did you do for food when you were in the desert?

语法：省略句与高考

省略句在高考中的体现：

1. --- Go for a picnic this weekend, OK?

--- ______. I love getting close to nature.(福建)

A. I couldn’t agree more B. I’m afraid not C. I believe not D. I don’t think so

2. --- Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer ?

--- _______? (2004 全国I 卷) A. What for B. What is it C. How is it D. How come

3. It is easy to do the repair. ________ you need is a hammer and some nails. (2004天津高考)

A. Something B. All C. Both D. Everything

4. Unless ______ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. (上海春季高考)

A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited

5. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if____ whether he was going in the right direction. （20北京春季）

A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see

6. Though ______ money, his parents managed to send him to university. ( 年上海高考)

A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in

7. When ______, the museum will be open to the public next year. ( 上海春季高考)

A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed

8. He made another wonderful discovery, ____ of great importance to science. ( 上海高考)

A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think itD. I think is

9. If ________ the same treatment again, he is sure to get well. (上海高考)

A. giving B. give C. given D. being given

10.--- Alice, why didn't you come yesterday ?

---I ________, but I had an unexpected visitor. (NMET）

A. had B. would C. was going to D. did

Key:1-5. AABAD 6-10. CAACC

在英语中，为了使句子简洁明快，突出重点，常用“省略句”，只要不影响句意的表达，能省略的成分尽可能省略。

一、在含有状语从句的复合句中

由when，while，as, once，whenever引导的时间状语从句；或由if，unless引导的条件状语从句；由though，although，even if ，even though引导的让步状语从句；由as though，as if，as引导的方式状语从句；由because引导的原因状语从句；由wherever引导的地点状语从句，若从句的主句是it或与主句的主语相同，且在谓语中含有be时，常省略从句的主语和be。

1. When first ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (NMET 2004全国卷II)

A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced

2. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________ at the meeting by my boss. (NMET 2004全国卷IV) A. questioning B. having questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned

3. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in the right direction. (NMET 安徽春) A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see

4. Generally speaking, ________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. (NMET2003上海卷) A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken

5. Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. (NMET 2003上海春)

A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited

6. When ________ , the museum will be open to the public next year. (NMET 2002上海春)

A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed

7. Though ________ money, his parents man-aged to send him to university. (NMET 2002上海卷)

A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in

8. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it. (NMET 2002)

A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun

二、在限定性定语从句中

作宾语的关系代词that，which,whom可以省略；在以the same... as和such... as引导的定语从句中，可以省略与主句相同的部分；the way后面的定语从句中，可以省略that，in which；在含被动语态的定语从句中，关系代词作主语时，可以省略关系代词和be,省略之后,变成过去分词短语作定语。

9. -You 're always working. Come on, let's go shopping.

- ________ you ever want to do is going shopping. (NMET 2002北京、安徽、内蒙古春)

A. Anything B. Something C. All D. That

10. Is this the reason ________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?(NMET 2002上海春)

A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained

11. What surprised me was not what he said but ________ he said it. (NMET 2004湖北卷)

A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which

12. It is easy to do the repair. ________ you need is a hammer and some nails. (NMET 2004天津卷)

A. Something B. All C. Both D. Everything

13. That's an unpleasant thing to say about your father after ________ he's done for you. (NMET 2004全国卷) A. something B. anything C. all D. that

三、在感官动词或短语中

在see，watch，hear，feel，observe，notice，listen to等感官动词或短语及make，have，let等使役动词之后的“宾语+不定式作宾语补足语” 结构中，不定式前省略to；有时为了避免重复，常省略与上文表达相同意思的不定式符号to之后的内容，只保留不定式符号；不定式在tell，ask， advise， wish， permit， force等动词后面作宾语补足语或主语补足语时，可以省略，但要保留不定式符号to；不定式在happy，glad，eager，ready，willing等形容词后面作状语时，可以省略，但要保留不定式符号to。

14. As you've never been there before, I'll have someone ________ you the way. (MET 1990上海卷)

A. to show B. show C. showing D. showed

15. -I'll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?

-Not at all, ________ . (NMET 1995)

A. I have no time B. I'd rather not C. I'd like it D. I'd be happy to

16. -Does your brother intend to study German?

-Yes, he intends ________ . (NMET 1998上海卷)

A. / B. to C. so D. that

17. -Would you like to go to the Grand Theatre with me tonight?

- ________ . (NMET 上海卷)

A. Yes, I'd like to go to the Grand Theatre B. I'd like to, but I have an exam tomorrow

C. No, I won't D. That's right

18. -You should have thanked her before you left.

-I meant ________ , but when I was leaving I couldn't find her anywhere. (NMET 北京春招卷) A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing to

四、在if引导的虚拟条件句中

在if引导的虚拟语气条件句中含有had，were，should时，可以把had，were，should放在句首，省略if。

19. ________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. (NMET 1994上海卷) A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will

20. ________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. (NMET 1995上海卷)

A. If it is not B. Were C. Had it not been D. If they were not

五、在否定结构中

由nor，neither等引导的连续否定的句子也是一种省略句，这种句子在意思上与前面的句子是相同的，而且主谓用倒装。

21. I will never know what was on his mind at the time, nor will ________ . (NMET 2004 江苏卷)

A. anyone B. anyone else C. no one D. no one else

22. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither ________ any end to their influence on man's lives. (NMET 2004 广东卷) A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there

23. -I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!

- ________ . (NMET 2004全国卷III)

A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I

Key:

1-5 BCDBA 6-10 AADCA 11-15 ABCBD 16-20 BBBBC 21-23 BCB

六. 不定式结构中的省略

在同一个句子或联系紧密的对话中,为了避免重复,作宾语或补足语的不定式再次出现时,不定式符号to后面的内容常常被省略,只保留不定式符号to。常用于动词refuse, would like, would love, wish, want, hope, expect, intend以及形容词afraid, happy, glad, willing, ready等之后。

The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ________.

A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 答案: A

注意:如果承前省略的不定式内容有be或作助动词的have时,不定式符号to后要保留be或have。

-Are you a farmer? -No, but I used to be.

七。替代省略

用it, one, that替代句子中重复出现的名词、代词或句子;用so, neither / nor引起的分句,表示前面的情况也适用于后者。

1. --- You haven’t lost the ticket, have you ?

--- ______. I know it’s not easy to get another one at the moment. (2004江苏高考)

A. I hope notB. Yes, I have C. I hope soD. Yes, I’m afraid so

2. --- The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they ?

--- ________. (2003北京春)

A. I guess not so B. I don’t guess C. I don’t guess soD. I guess not

3.--- I believe we’ve met somewhere before .

--- No, ________. (2000北京春)

A. it isn’t the same B. it can’t be trueC. I don’t think so D. I’d rather not

Key:1.A 2.D 3.C

简析替代词so / not用于避免重复前面所说过的内容，代替肯定的名词性从句。可与动词believe , do, expect, fear, guess, hope, say, speak, suppose, think 等及 I’m afraid连用。肯定时上列动词都可与so 搭配，否定时hope与guess 只用I hope not 和I guess not 形式，而think ,believe , suppose 等词可有两种否定形式，即：I think not 或I don’t think so.

例 --- Is he going to study abroad?

--- I believe so. ( so = he is going to study abroad )

We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made ________ from some wood we had.

A. it B. one C. himself D. another

-I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible! -________.

A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I

答案:① B ② B

八。答语中的省略

1. 有时为了避免重复,可用so或that作替代语,替代前面所说的内容。可用于动词think, believe, hope, suppose, expect, guess, imagine以及be afraid, of course, certainly, perhaps等后面。

-You haven\'t lost the ticket, have you? -________. I know it\'s not easy to get another one at the moment.

A. I hope not B. Yes, I have C. I hope so D. Yes, I\'m afraid so 答案: A

2. 含有情态动词的答语中可以使用省略回答,只保留情态动词;情态动词后有be或作助动词的have时,保留be或have。

-I don't mind telling you what I know. -You ________. I'm not asking you for it.

A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn't 答案: D

3. 疑问句中的省略回答。

①-Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.

-Why ________? John is sitting there doing nothing.

A. him B. he C. I D. me

②-What do you think made Mary so upset? -________ her bicycle.

A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing 答案:① D ② C

4. 祈使句中的省略回答。

-Write to me when you get home. -________.

A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can 答案: C

九。会话中的省略

例: 1.--- Guess what ! I came across an old friend at the party last night.

--- ______. I’m sure you had a wonderful time. (2004辽宁)

A. Sounds good! B. Very wellC. How nice !D. All right !

2.--- Let’s go and have a good drink tonight.

--- _____ Have you got the first prize in the competition? (2004重庆)

A. What for ? B. Thanks a lot .C. Yes, I’d like toD. Why not ?

3. ---Brad was Jane’s brother!

--- _____ he reminded me so much of Jane ! (2004浙江)

A. No doubtB. Above all C. No wonderD. Of course

4. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better ____ it -- you’ve got some big bills coming. (2004广东高考)

A. forgetB. forgotC. forgettingD. to forget

Key:1.C 2.A 3.C 4.A

简析省略在会话中广泛应用，解题时应按照问话或答语的具体内容补充完整, 做好该类题型一是要注意上下文语境，二是要注意常见句式的省略。英语中常见句式的省略有：

1.It is … (that…) 强调句式中that 部分省略。2.(It is) No wonder … ( 难怪…)

3.(Is there) Anything else ?

4.(You’d) Better do

5.have some difficulty( in) doing, prevent sb (from) doing sth 等词组中介词在口语中常省略

例:1.--- Where did you see him last night?

--- It was in the hotel ____ he stayed.

A. where B. that C. which D. /

2. You can’t imagine the great difficulty I had _____ your house.

A. finding B. found C. to find D. find key1.A2.A

简析第1题可以补全强调句式that 部分： It was in the hotel where he stayed that I saw him last night. hotel 后为定语从句。

第2题是对have difficulty in doing sth 词组置于定语从句的考查，介词in 的省略加大了该题的难度。

篇13：高二上Unit 9 语言点教案(人教版高二英语上册教案教学设计)

1. You'll attend the meeting and discuss the issue. 你将出席这个会议并讨论这个问题。

1) attend用作及物动词，意为“出席；参加; 上(学, 教堂)；陪伴”，用作不及物动词，构成下列短语：

attend on/upon服侍, 照料; 陪, 随从; attend to倾听, 注意, 留心

attend a meeting /lecture/school 出席会议/听演讲/上学

May good luck attend you! 祝你幸运!

2) n. issue 1)论点, 问题, the issue of something …的问题

raise an issue 提出问题complex issue 复杂问题sensitive issue 敏感问题

2) 出版, 发行, (报刊等)期、号, issue of

the January issue of Newsweek the current/latest issue Have you seen the latest issue?

3) [transitive]官方的发布命令，警告等

Silva issued a statement denying all knowledge of the affair.

attend，join，join in，take part in用法辨析：

(1) attend是正式用语，一般指参加会议、典礼、婚礼、葬礼及去听课、听报告等。

(2) join指加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体，以及参军等，还可表示参与某种活动。如：

(3) join in通常指参加某种活动，尤其指和其他人一起参加某项活动。如：

(4) take part in指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往指参加者持有积极的态度，起一定作用，有时与join in可互换。如：

Will you take part in the English evening? 同我们一起参加英语晚会好吗？

如：a. I will never forget the day when I _______ the Party.

b. Will you_______ us for dinner? 请你和我们一起吃饭好吗？

c. May I _________ the game? 我可以参加这个游戏吗？

d. I hope you'll all ________ the discussion. 我希望你们大家都参加讨论。

e. Would you ____ (和我一起去散步)?

f. We should ____ (积极参加) school activities.

g. She didn't come to the party because she had to ____ (出席一个会议).

a. joined b. join c. join in/ take part in d. take part in/ join in e. join me in a walk f take an active part in g attend a meeting )

2．Summarize v.概述, 总结 The authors summarize their views in the introduction.

3. content: 1). n. 内容，目录 (常作 ~ s ) ; 容量，容积

the contents of a book a table of contents Look up the contents at the beginning of the book.

a bucket of more than usual content

2). Adj. 满足的，满意的

be content to do sth be content with sth content oneself with sth

He is quite content to watch TV for hours. I’m very content with my life at present.

As there’s no butter we must content ourselves with dry bread.

4．representative cn. 1）代表

a union representative 协会代表 representative of …的代表 an elected representative of the people

2） typical of a particular group or thing 典型的；有代表性的

representative of The latest incident is representative of a wider trend

a representative collection of ancient Greek art 古希腊艺术代表作品集

5．have access to access用作名词，意为“通路；访问；接近；入门”，常与to连用。

1）have access to a car/a computer etc 有可供使用的车，电脑等

2） gain/get access (to something) t能够得以见到某人/某物或进入某地

The police managed to gain access through an upstairs window.

6．Violence 暴力

physical violence 身体暴力 domestic violence 家庭暴力 racial/ethnic violence 种族暴力 use/resort to violence 使用暴力

7．All too 意为“实在太… ” “太过… ” 后常接形容词或副词，主要用来表达遗憾之意。

Eg. It was all too early when we reached the top of the hill. The sun hasn’t risen yet.

Only too + adj./adv. 也含有此意。表示“极为”“非常”“遗憾地”

eg. I’d be only too pleased to help, but I’m busy now

8．Stress vt. 1)着重，强调也可说为lay/place/put stress on sth 2) 重读

The report stressed that student math skills need to improve.

Crawford stressed the need for more housing downtown.

She stressed the importance of a balanced diet.

The word 'machine' is stressed on the second syllable.

9．equality [uncountable] 同等，平等

equality of 。。。的平等，均等 All people have the right to equality of opportunity.

equality with 与…平等 Women have yet to achieve full equality with men in the workplace.

equality between 在… 之间的平等 equality between men and women

racial/sexual equality 种族/性别平等 The government must promote racial equality.

10．responsibility （plural responsibilities）1）un. 责任，责任感

Kelly's promotion means more money and more responsibility.

responsibility for (doing) something

The Minister will have responsibility for coordinating（调整）childcare policy.

with responsibility for something 具有，带有对… 的责任

a manager with responsibility for over 100 staff

it is somebody's responsibility to do something 做某事是某人的责任。

It's your responsibility to inform us of any changes.

take responsibility for (doing) something 负责某事

Who do you trust to take responsibility for Britain's defence?

Be careful you don't take on too much responsibility

claim responsibility (for something) 声称对… 负责

No one has yet claimed responsibility for yesterday's bombing.

11．take action 1) 采取行动 2）开始生效

The government must take action now to stop the rise in violent crime

They took action to stop him.

The police took action to deal with this thing immediately.

The medicine will not take action for several hours.

使用take 的其他短语

take notes: 作笔记，记录

Eg: Do you takes notes of the lectures?

He sat quietly in the corner taking notes carefully.

takes effect 开始起作用，见效，生效

The pill takes effect as soon as you swallow it.

take turns 轮流 take measures/steps 采取措施

take place 发生 take care 照顾

take medicine 吃药 take time从容进行 take cold感冒，受凉，伤风

take notice 注意 take sides 偏袒

12．willing to do something

How much are they willing to pay?

13. put an end to 结束，毁掉

Eg: Winning the competition put an end to his financial problems.

The discussion was put an end to by his sudden arrival.

The wind put an end to the pier.

Sth come to an end 结束了 make an end of终止, 结束, 除掉

bring sth to an end 结束, 完成, 终止

on end 1）直立，竖立 2）连续地 They argued for two hours on end

His hair stands on end.

14．harmony （plural harmonies）

in harmony with意为“与……和谐相处”、“与……协调”。如：

My cat and dog live in perfect harmony. 我的猫和狗相处得十分和睦。

We must ensure that tourism develops in harmony with the environment.

我们必须确保旅游的发展与环境相协调。

be out of harmony with与。。。不相和谐

15. put an end to意为“结束”、“终结”。如：

How can we put an end to the fighting? 我们如何才能结束这场战斗呢？

16．wipe out phrasal verb 彻底的除掉，除去，抹去

Whole villages were wiped out by the floods.

Nothing could wipe out his bitter memories of the past.

2）wipe somebody out 使某人感觉非常的疲劳 The heat had wiped us out.

17．alternative 1） [only before noun]选择性的, 二中择一的

alternative ways/approach/methods etc alternative approaches to learning

Have you any alternative suggestions?

2）Alternative cn. 可供选择的办法，事物。常指在两者之间做出选择。 choice 常指一般意义上的选择

alternative to Is there a viable alternative to the present system?

have no alternative but 除...外别无选择; 只有; 只好

I had no alternative but to report him to the police.

18．defend vt./vi. 保护，防卫

a struggle to defend our homeland

defend something against/from something 使某物免受侵害

the need to defend democracy against fascism（法西斯主义）

defend yourself (against/from somebody/something) 是某人免受侵害

advice on how women can defend themselves from sex attackers

defend against 抵抗，防卫 We need to defend against military aggression.

2）vt. 辩护 She was always defending her husband in front of their daughter.

Students should be ready to explain and defend their views.

19．Affect vt. 1)影响 2）感动

the areas affected by the hurricane a disease that affects the central nervous system

decisions which affect our lives We were all deeply affected by her death.

20．advise somebody to do something 建议某人做某事 advise doing ;

Evans advised him to leave London.

You are strongly advised to take out medical insurance when visiting China.

advise somebody against (doing) something 建议某人不做某事

I'd advise you against saying anything to the press.

advise that 接虚拟语气

Experts advise that sunscreen be reapplied every one to two hours.

篇14：高二上unit 8语言点教案(人教版高二英语上册教案教学设计)

warming up

1.aid n (1)帮助；援助 first aid 急救

(2)帮助者；有帮助的事物

An English-Chinese Dictionary is an important aid in learning the English. 一本英汉词典是学习英语的重要工具。

习惯用语 do/ give/ offer first aid to sb.对某人进行急救 go to sb’s aid援救某人

在某人的帮助下 with the aid of sb== with sb’s aid in aid of 支持，援助 raising fund in aid of the sick 募捐帮助病人 what's it all in aid of? 这是为了什么目的？

aid vt 帮助；援助 I aided him with money. 我资助了他。

help, assist, aid的区别

help, assist, aid这组动词同义词的相应名词分别为 help (helper)，assistance(assistant), aid, 它们都有“帮助”的意思。

（1）help和另外两个词的差别在于，help 含有比较强的“目的”意义。如果你失眠，服安眠药则有助于你入睡，这里包含着目的

A short while ago, my sister helped me to carry one of my old bookcases up the stairs.

片刻之前，我妹妹帮我把我的一只旧书橱抬上了楼。

May I help you to some more meat? 让我再给你一些肉好吗？

…but he was too busy helping himself to diamonds to notice any pain.……

但是他光忙着捞金刚石，顾不上感到疼痛了。

（2）assist从词源学角度讲，是“站在旁边”的意思，它清楚地包含着这种帮助只起着次要的作用

He assisted the professor in compiling the dictionary. 他帮助那位教授编了那本词典。

The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed.

接待她的那个店员不喜欢她的打扮。

（3）aid含有接受帮助者因为弱小而需要帮助的意思。

The Red Cross often aids flood victims. 红十字会常常帮助受水灾的难民。

2.drown vt. , vi (1)把...淹死 (2)使湿透; 淹没; 浸湿 (3)消除(忧愁等); 解(闷) (4)使沉溺于; 使迷恋(in) (5)搀淡; 冲淡(饮料等); (加水)化开(生石灰); 往...里加太多的水

be [get] drowned淹死, 溺死; drown oneself投水(自杀); eyes drowned in tears泪汪汪的眼晴

drown one's cares in wine以酒解忧; be drowned in fishing对钓鱼入迷了

The cheers of the audience drowned the professor's voice. 听众的欢呼声淹没了这位教授的声音。

Don't drown my whisky. 不要在我的威士忌酒里加太多的水。

3.accident/ incident/ event

1). accident 指意外或偶然发生的事故，特别是不幸的，有损害性的事故。

e.g. He was killed in a traffic accident.

注：accident为可数名词，前面可加不定冠词an,表示“一个”“一次”，习惯用语by accident为“偶然”，相当于by chance.

e.g. I met her in the street by accident, yet she had a bad accident three days ago.

我在大街上偶尔碰见过她，然而三天前她却遭遇了一场严重的事故。

2). incident 泛指不重要的事件，还可以指政治上有影响的重大事件。

e.g. I remember an incident that took place in Mr. Li’s class.我记得发生在李先生课上的一件事。

The Lugouqiao Incident broke out in July 7th, 1937. 1937年7月7日爆发了卢沟桥事变。

3). event 指重要事件，特别是有历史意义的重大事件

How to develop the western part of China well is an important event.如何开发好中国的西部是一项重要的活动。

4.choke vi, vt choked, choking (1)使窒息；闷死；使不能呼吸

The smoke from the stove almost choked me.炉子里发出的烟呛得我几乎透不过气来。

The madman choked his own child to death.疯子把他自己的孩子掐死了。

(2)塞住；堵塞；阻塞 The pipe was choked by cotton. 管子被棉花堵住了。

(3)（常与back连用）抑制，忍住（怒气、眼泪等）

5.catch fire: begin to burn be on fire: be burning

e.g. The house caught fire last night. The house is on fire.

注：catch fire 强调着火的动作，为瞬间动词词组，不可和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，无被动形式；be on fire 表静态，作表语或定语，可与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。

Ex: The forest caught fire last week. It is still on fire.

复习：1). set fire to sth./ set sth. on fire e.g. The robbers set fire to the bank after robbing.

2). play with fire 3). go through fire and water (for) 为…赴汤蹈火 4). be on fire for 对…充满热情

5). fire n. v. 着火，开枪，开除 (dismiss )

firework 烟火，烟火晚会 fireplace 火炉 fireman/fire fighter 消防员 fire escape 太平梯

6.container n. 容器 contain vt.包含，容纳 containment n. 包含

contain / include

e.g. The book contains 10 units. The book doesn’t include Unit 11.

Six were killed, including the boy. (连那小孩在内六人丧生。)

7.electrical adj. 电的，与电有关的 (of/ concerned with electricity)

electricity n.电流 electric adj. 发电的，使用电的（using electrical power） electronic adj. 电子的

I want to buy an electric fan. （可不讲） This machine has an electrical fault. 这台机器有电器故障。

Reading

1.upside n.上边，上部 downside right side left side

upside-down adj/adv 1). 上下翻转过来 e.g. hold a book upside-down 倒拿着书

2). <口>乱七八糟的，毫无条理的 e.g. He has an upside-down way of doing things. 他做事毫无条理。

Burglars had turned the house upside-down.. 窃贼把房子翻得乱七八糟。

2.as if/ though

1)引导的从句如果是事实过可能性大，多用陈述语气。常于look, seem, taste, smell, sound,ect.搭配

e.g. It looks as if it is going to rain. It seems as if the boy has lost his way.

2)从句如果是主观想象或夸大比喻，与事实不合，常用虚拟语气。

e.g. He looks as if he were ill.（其实没病） He walks as if he were drunk. 他走路的样子象喝醉了。

He is a happy-go-luck(无忧无虑的) man as if he has no worries and cares in the world.

The young man with long hair looks as if he were a woman.

3.witness n. (1)(=eyewitness)目击者; (在法庭上经过宣誓的)证人 (2)[主要用于give witness, bear witness]证据, 证明; 证词 (3)[常省略定冠词]【律】连署人, 证人

a witness of the accident 事件的目击者;

These facts are a witness to his carelessness.这些事实证明了他的粗心。

She gave witness on behalf of the accused person.她替被告作证。

Witness vt. (1)亲眼看见, 目睹 (2)连署, 签名作证 (3)表明, 显示 (4)证明 (5)经历

She witnessed the accident.她亲眼看见该事故。 They witnessed the will.他们在遗嘱上连署。

Her blush witnessed her agitation.她脸红表示了她的激动。

None could witness that he was present.没有人能证明他在场。

He has witnessed many battles.他经历过多次战争。

4. count （count for）重要，(count sb/sth as) 认为，看作，被视作

Every point in this game counts. 这场比赛每一场比赛都很重要。

The fact that she had apologized counted for nothing with him. 她已经道歉，但他认为这是没有用的。

For tax purposes that money counts / is counted as income. 那笔钱算作收入，需要纳税。

[vn] I count him among my closest friends. 我把他看作一个最亲密的朋友。

[vn-adj] I count myself lucky to have known him. 我觉得很幸运。

[vn-n] She counts herself one of the lucky ones. 她认为自己是一个幸运者。

5.keep in mind

keep/ bear/ have sth in mind: remember sth She doesn’t seem to keep the matter in mind.

相关短语： change one’s mind e.g. Nothing will make me change my mind.

make up one’s mind e.g. I’ve made up my mind to be a doctor.

keep in touch with e.g. I keep in touch with my friend by internet.

keep in with 和…保持友谊 e.g. She still keeps in with her former husband.

5.calm vt. 使镇定, 使平静 The mother calmed her child. 母亲使孩子安静下来。

Calm vi. 镇定下来,平静下来The crying child soon calmed down.哭闹的小孩不多一会就安静下来。

Calm adj平静的

The sea was calm after the storm. 经过这场风暴后，大海平静下来了。

After the storm it became calm again.暴风雨过后,天气又恢复平静无风。

The sea was calm at the beginning of our voyage.我们出海时,海上风平浪静。

He was calm when I told him the bad news. 当我告诉他这个坏消息时，他很平静。

n. the calm before the storm

同义词 calm ，silent， quiet， still 都含 “平静的”意思。

calm主要用于气候、海洋“ 风平浪静的”, 也可指人表示“安静的”、“镇静的”, 如:

The sky is blue, and the sea is calm.天空碧兰, 海上风平浪静。

Although she was frightened, she answered with a calm voice. 虽然她害怕, 但还是用平静的声音回答。

quiet 指“没有吵闹声的”、“ 没有噪音的”,它强调“声音很低、很少”或“全然无声”, 如:

He had a quiet life.他过着宁静的生活。

still 指“没声音的”、“没动静的”, 常与躺（lie）、坐(sit)、站(stand)、保持(keep/remain)等静态动词连用, 如: the still hours before dawn 黎明前的寂静时刻。

The students sat still, listening to the teacher. 学生们一动不动地坐着听老师讲课。

silent 主要用于人，指人不说话、不作声、沉默不语。

Do you know when to keep silent? 你知道何时保持沉默吗？

考题 1. We must be __________ before danger. (A)

A. calm B. quiet C. still D. silent

2. The library permits________ talking. (B)

A. calm B. quiet C. still D. silent

6.panic n. 恐慌, 惊慌; 经济上的大恐慌

be in a panic在惊慌中; be seized with a panic惊慌失措; get up a panic 引起惊慌

cause a panic 引起恐慌

vi. 惊慌, 害怕 (panicked, panicked) panic over sth. 对某事感到惊慌

The crowd panicked at the sound of the guns. 人们听到枪声感到惊慌。

7. respond vi. (respond to sb/sth with sth )(formal)

I asked his name, but he didn’t respond.我问他叫什么名字，他没回答。

She never responded to my letter. 她从来没给过我回信。

When asked about the company’s future, the director responded that the remained optimistic. 问到公司的未来的时候，经理回答说他依然乐观。

How did they respond to the news?他们对这则消息有什么反应？

The car responds very well to the controls. 这辆汽车操纵自如。

response n. She made no response. 她没有回答。

Her cries for help met with no/some/little… response. 她那求救的呼声没有激起任何/激起一些/没有激起什么…反映。

answer/ reply/ respond

answer 指以口头，书面或其他方式回答或反应

reply 正式用词，多表示经过考虑，一一答复所提的问题或论点

respond 正式用词，表示“回答”用得较少，多指对外界刺激迅速而自然地作出反应

8.conscious adj (1)有意识的；神志清醒的 (2)了解的；察觉的

consciously adv. consciousness n. 知觉

He is hurt but still conscious. 他受了伤，不过神志还清醒。

She was not conscious of his presence in the room. 她不晓得他在这房间里。(be conscious of sth./ that…) 察觉的 I was conscious of her presence.我知道她在场。

unconscious adj (1)失去知觉的 After she hit her head she was unconscious for several minutes.

她把头碰了一下后昏迷了几分钟。

(2)无意的；不自觉的 I was unconscious of her presence.我不知道她在场。

9.on the way& in the way

in the way 障碍（阻止你到想去的地方的人或物）；on the way 在途中

e.g. Please don\'t stand in the kitchen door-you’re in the way. 你挡了我的路。

Let’s not stop too often on the way. 咱们别老在途中停留了。

其他词组：by the way顺便提一下；on the (one’s) way to 去…的路上；in this (that) way这样（那样）；by way of 途径；in a (one) way在某种程度上

10.tip vt, vi -pp-

I tipped the bottle over and it broke. 我把瓶子弄翻了，瓶子摔破了。(常与over, up连用;打翻，使弄翻)

I tipped the table and the glasses fell off it. 我把桌子弄歪了，玻璃杯掉了下来。(使倾斜；弄歪)

(3)丢弃；倒掉 (4)（与into连用）把…倒入容器

tip n. 尖端，小部分，小物件 v. 给某物装上尖头，置于某物顶端

(have sth.) on the tip of one’s tongue

the tip of the iceberg 重要情况，重大问题等显露出的小部分

e.g. His name is on t he tip of my tongue, but I just can’t think of.

The legs of the table were tipped with rubber. 桌子腿装上了橡皮头。

Tip: 轻拍/打/敲; 给…小费; 可能成功; 事先给某人警告或暗示

She just tipped the ball over the net. He tip the driver 5 Yuan.

She’s been tipped for promotion. 有人认为她最可能得到提升。

Someone tipped off the police about the robbery.

tip n.小费; 有用的小建议;

He left a tip under his plate.

The teacher gives students some tips about how to study English.

11. slightly adv. 略微，稍微

a slightly different version 略有不同的说法。 We took a slightly more direct route. 我们选择了一条略近的路。

I knew her slightly. 我对她略知一二。 ‘Are you worried?’ ‘Only slightly.’ 你担心吗？稍微有点。

slight adj. 轻微的, 微小的, 少量的;纤细的, 瘦小的

slight difficulty 小困难; a slight possibility of success很小的成功可能性

a slight girl苗条的女孩; a slight difference微小的区别

12.circulate vi, vt -lated, -lating (1)使循环；环流

The blood circulates round the body. 血液在体内循环。

(2)散布；流传；扩散 Rumors circulated rapidly. 谣言迅速散布开来。

People who circulate false news are to be blamed.散布流言者该受遣责。

(3)随意地到处走动

The prince circulated from group to group at the party. 王子在宴会中穿梭于人群之间。

”The politician circulated at the dance party, talking to lots of people.“ ”那个政治家在跳舞晚会上到处走动,同许多人交谈。“

circulation n. 流传，传播（不可数）；发行额，销售量（可数）；血液循环（可数或不可数） e.g. have (a) good/ bad circulation

13.revive vt, vi revived, reviving (1)复活；复苏；再生

The fresh air soon revived him. 新鲜空气很快就使他苏醒过来了。

(2)再兴；再用 to revive an old custom 恢复旧习俗

Our hopes revived.我们又有希望了。

These flowers will revive in water.这些花在水中会再活。

14.recovery recover 恢复+ -y名词后缀 n -ies

(1) 收回；取回 (2)恢复；复原 (3)（经济）复苏

She made a quick recovery after her illness. 她病后恢复得很快。

15.roll over 不及物动词词组

e.g. The car was out of control and rolled over down to the river.

The years roll on.岁月流逝。 Roll the ball to me.把球滚给我。

其他词组：get…rolling…使…取得进展；keep the ball to rolling 使保持活跃；

roll in 大量涌来；start the ball rolling 使活跃起来

Grammar

1.sudden adj. suddenly adv.

They heard a sudden cry and wondered what was the matter. 他们听到突如其来的叫喊声，不知道出了什么事。

all of a sudden 突然，冷不防 sudden death 暴死

2.in honour of (= in sb’s /sth’s honor) adv.为纪念, 为庆祝

I have cooked a special meal in honor of our visitors. 我做了一道特殊的菜向我们的来客表示敬意。

in…of: in praise of赞美；in need of需要；in place of 代替；in case of 万一；in front of在…(内部)前面；in the front of在…(外部)前面；in favor of 支持

honor n (1)尊敬；敬重

(2)荣誉，名誉；信用 to win honor for one's motherland 为祖国争光

(3)被引以为荣的人物 He's an honor to his parents. 他的父母以他为荣。

(4)（对法官等的尊称）阁下，先生 Your Honor 阁下，先生

(5)（用于客套语中）荣幸

We request the honor of your company at dinner. 谨备便酌，敬请光临（请柬用语）

考题 1.Miss Smith thought it a great _______ to be invited to speak to all of us. (D)

A. pleasure B. success C. happiness D. honor

2.Washington, a state in the United States was named ________ one of the greatest American presidents. (C) A. in honor of B. instead of C. in favor of D. by means of

Integrating skills

1.deal with

You dealt with that situation very cleverly. 你很巧妙地处理了那个艰难的局面。（处理，料理；attend to, manage sth.）

The next chapter deals with verbs.下一章讨论动词。（讨论,涉及到；take or have sth. as a subject, discuss sth.）

I hate dealing with large impersonal companies.我讨厌和那些没有人情味的大公司打交道。（与…打交道，与做生意；have social, business etc. relations with…）

另：deal with ab.: behave towards ab. 对付，对待

e.g. They try to deal politely with angry customers. 他们尽量对发怒的顾客彬彬有礼。

注：do with/ deal with/ get rid of

get rid of 表示“处理”，侧重“消灭”“摆脱或清除”；deal with和do with 侧重“处理”的手段，方法或方式。do后可接宾语，deal后不接宾语；do with常与what连用；deal with常与how连用。

e.g. If they are not coming, we can get rid of the tickets.如果他们不来了，我们可以把票处理掉。

How do you deal with matters of this sort？你是怎么处理这类事情的？

What did you do with the broken car? 你怎么处理那辆坏了的车的？

2.could have done

e.g. We could have helped that boy, even we were busy. 那天，即使我们很忙，我们本来也可以帮助那个男孩的。（本可以做，但事实没有做）

He could have told his girl friend the secret. But I’m not very sure. 他或许已经把这个秘密告诉他的女朋友了，不过我也并不确定。（或许已经做过，表示对过去某事的推测）

2). must have done 一定已经做过(表示对过去某事较有把握的推测)

e.g. They must have stayed up late night-all of them looks sleepy.

他们昨天晚上肯定熬得很晚了，他们看起来全都非常疲倦。

3). should have done/ ought to have done 本应该做(却没做，表达一种强烈的遗憾，责备之意)

e.g. They should have handed in their homework yesterday.

昨天他们本该把家庭作业交上去的。

4). needn’t have done 本不应该（但事实上已经做了）

e.g. You needn’t have copied the exercise book. I have one more and I can give it to you.

你其实不必抄那本练习册，我还有一本可以给你。

3.bite vt, vi bit, bitten, biting (1)咬 My monkey doesn't bite. 我的猴子不咬人。

The boy bit into the apple. 那个男孩子咬了一口苹果。

(2)咬成（某种状态）

The dog has bitten a hole in my trousers. 狗把我的裤子咬了一个洞。

(3)（虫）叮 The mosquitoes are biting me. 蚊子叮我。

(4)（鱼）咬饵 (5)抓紧；卡紧

The car's tires would not bite on the snow. 汽车轮胎在雪地里会打滑。

bite n (1)咬; (2)咬下的一块 (3)食物 (4)咬伤

She was covered in insect bites. 她浑身是虫子叮的伤。

This apple's good, do you want a bite? 这苹果很好，你想来一口吗？

He took a bite out of the pear.他咬了一口梨。

He hasn't had a bite (to eat) all day. 他整天都没吃东西。

The children haven't had a bite to eat all day.孩子们一整天什么也没吃过。

4.loose adj (1)没加束缚的；自由的 (2)散装的

”I bought these chocolates loose, not in a box.“”我买的这些巧克力是散装的,不是盒装的。“

(3)不坚固的，不牢的 (4)宽大的，肥大的（衣服） (5)疏松的

The ringleader of the gang had one hand loose but the other was tied to another robber's.

”匪首的一只手是松开的,但另一只手和另一个强盗的手捆缚在一起。“

(6)不精确的 (7)放荡的 a loose woman 一个放荡的女人

(8)无拘束的 a loose tongue 藏不住话的嘴（舌头）

(9)随便的；不严格的 a loose translation 不拘泥原文的翻译

Loose play lost them the match. 不经心的比赛使他们输了。

loose vt loosed, loosing (1)放松；释放

He loosened his collar of his overcoat.他解开了大衣领口。

(2)射（箭） (3)开，放（枪、炮） (4)使不受约束

Wine loosed his tongue. 酒后他说话随便起来。

5.see a doctor看医生see sb off 为某人送行see into调查,领会

see to sth处理某事 see to it that务必

6.call for需要,要求,邀请,去请

call on sb拜访某人 call at place去某地造访 call sb up给某人打电话

call in a doctor请医生=send for a doctor call on sb to do sth号召某人干call for sb to do sth请求某人干

call out for help大声呼救make a phone call打电话

7.in case of 如果；万一 In case of rain they can't go. 万一下雨，他们就不能去了。

in case以防；可能；倘若 Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot. 倘若太阳很利害，你就把帽子戴上。

in the case of 就…而言

e.g. It’s the kind of story we think of as myth. But in the case of him, the story is true.

我们把这类故事视为神话，但就他来说，这故事却是真实的。

注：in case of/ in the case of + n./ pron. 不接从句

in case + 从句 He left early in case he should miss the train. In case of danger, you must be calm.

in any case无论如何, 总之; in good case健康, 生活富裕; in no case决不

in that case如果是那样的话; in the case of 就...来说, 关于; in this case假如这样的话

It /This/ That is not the case.情况不是这样; 并非事实。

Step Ⅱ Grammar

虚拟语气用法补充：

1. would rather 的虚拟用法：

Marry would rather (not) have a fresh-tasting toothpaste.

The mayor (市长) would rather have handled that press conference last week.

The kids would rather play outdoors than indoors.

The aged man would rather have participated in social service than amused himself by watching TV at home several years ago.

I’d rather you didn’t make any comment in the issue for the time being. (暂时)

e.g. David would rather that Jim had called at Chinese Economic and Trade Exhibitions yesterday.

2. would as soon, would sooner, would prefer 表“希望或婉转的责备”要求用虚拟语气，谓语动词为过去式表示现在或将来情况，谓语动词为过去完成时表示过去情况

I would just prefer you had returned the book to him yesterday.

3. otherwise, if only, suppose/ supposing 引导含蓄条件句表愿望，建议用虚拟语气

e.g. If only I knew how to operate the internet phone. 要是我知道怎么打网络电话就好了。

4. It is (high/ right/ about/ good) time + 从句用虚拟语气（是…的时候）

It’s high time you stopped idling about and started looking for a job. 闲逛

5. but for…（要不是…）& without … 用在句首，引导虚拟条件句，时态随句意改变

But for/ Without his uncle, the kid would have been drowned in the pool.

6. If it were not for… (要不是…) 与现在相反

If it were not for the fact that his father is on the board directors, he would never have a job.

If it had not been for your advice, I would have made a serious mistake.

7). but that + 从句（用虚拟语气）

e.g. I would go by steamer but that I’m a poor sailor. 要不是因为晕船，我就坐船去了。

8). as it is & as it were

as it is 用在句首“事实上，实际上，就目前的情况而言”

as it were 用在句尾“照现状，照原样”

Cao Yu is a sort of Chinese Shakespeare as it were.

Unit8 first aid

warming up

1.aid n (1)帮助；援助 first aid___________ (2)帮助者；有帮助的事物

An English-Chinese Dictionary is an important aid in learning the English.

习惯用语 do/ give/ offer first aid to sb.____ go to sb’s aid___ with the aid of sb== with sb’s aid_____

in aid of _____________ raising fund in aid of the sick what's it all in aid of? 这是为了什么目的？

aid vt 帮助；援助 I aided him with money. 我资助了他。

help,assist,aid的区别

（1）help和另外两个词的差别在于，help 含有比较强的“目的”意义。如果你失眠，服安眠药则有助于你入睡，这里包含着目的

A short while ago, my sister helped me to carry one of my old bookcases up the stairs.

May I help you to some more meat?…but he was too busy helping himself to diamonds to notice any pain.……

（2）assist从词源学角度讲，是“站在旁边”的意思，它清楚地包含着这种帮助只起着次要的作用

He assisted the professor in compiling the dictionary.

The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed.

（3）aid含有接受帮助者因为弱小而需要帮助的意思。The Red Cross often aids flood victims.

2.drown vt. , vi (1)_________ (2)____________ (3)消除(忧愁等); 解(闷) (4)使沉溺于; 使迷恋(in) (5)搀淡; 冲淡(饮料等); (加水)化开(生石灰); 往...里加太多的水

be [get] drowned____________ drown oneself___________eyes drowned in tears__________

drown one's cares in wine_______________ be drowned in fishing____________-

The cheers of the audience drowned the professor's voice. Don't drown my whisky.

3.accident/ incident/ event 的区别

4. count （count for）______，(count sb/sth as) _____________

Every point in this game counts. The fact that she had apologized counted for nothing with him. For tax purposes that money counts / is counted as income. [vn] I count him among my closest friends. [vn-adj] I count myself lucky to have known him. [vn-n] She counts herself one of the lucky ones.

4.choke vi, vt choked, choking (1)_________________

The smoke from the stove almost choked me The madman choked his own child to death.

(2)_______________ The pipe was choked by cotton.

(3)（常与back连用）抑制，忍住（怒气、眼泪等）

5.catch fire: _______________ be on fire:__________________

The forest caught fire last week. It is still on fire.

复习：1). set fire to sth./ set sth. on fire _________________2). play with fire ____________

3). go through fire and water (for)_________________4). be on fire for ______________

5). fire v. 着火，开枪，开除 (dismiss )

firework 烟火，烟火晚会 fireplace 火炉 fireman/fire fighter 消防员 fire escape 太平梯

6.container n. 容器 contain vt.包含，容纳 containment n. 包含

contain / include The book ___________10 units. The book doesn’t ____________Unit 11.

Six were killed, ___________the boy. (连那小孩在内六人丧生。)

7.electrical adj. 电的，与电有关的 (of/ concerned with electricity)

_________ n.电流 __________adj. 发电的，使用电的（using electrical power）_________ adj. 电子的

Reading

1.upside n.上边，上部 upside-down adj/adv

1). ________hold a book upside-down 2). _______ He has an upside-down way of doing things.

Burglars had turned the house upside-down..

2.as if/ though 引导的从句什么时候用陈述语气，什么时候又用虚拟语气？

3.witness n. (1)(=eyewitness)______ (2)[主要用于give witness, bear witness]证据, 证明; 证词 (3)[常省略定冠词]【律】连署人, 证人

a witness of the accident These facts are a witness to his carelessness.

She gave witness on behalf of the accused person.

Witness vt. (1)______________ (2)连署, 签名作证 (3)表明, 显示 (4)证明 (5)经历

She witnessed the accident. They witnessed the will. Her blush witnessed her agitation.

None could witness that he was present. He has witnessed many battles.

4.keep in mind keep/ bear/ have sth in mind: remember sth She doesn’t seem to keep the matter in mind.

相关短语： change one’s mind ________make up one’s mind__________keep in touch with _________keep in with _________________

5.calm vt. _____________ The mother calmed her child.

Calm vi.___________The crying child soon calmed down.

Calm adj The sea was calm after the storm.。 After the storm it became calm again.

The sea was calm at the beginning of our voyage. He was calm when I told him the bad news.

n. e.g. the calm before the storm

同义词 calm ，silent， quiet， still 的区别

考题 1. We must be __________ before danger. A. calm B. quiet C. still D. silent

2. The library permits________ talking. A. calm B. quiet C. still D. silent

6.panic n. 恐慌, 惊慌; 经济上的大恐慌

be in a panic____________; be seized with a panic_______________; cause a panic __________

vi. 惊慌, 害怕 (panicked, panicked) panic over sth. ___________

The crowd panicked at the sound of the guns.

7. (respond to sb/sth with sth )(formal) _____________

I asked his name, but he didn’t respond. She never responded to my letter.

When asked about the company’s future, the director responded that the remained optimistic.

How did they respond to the news? The car responds very well to the controls.

response n. ________ She made no response.

Her cries for help met with no/some/little… response.

answer/ reply/ respond 的区别

8.conscious adj (1)_______________(2)_________________

consciously adv. consciousness n. 知觉

He is hurt but still conscious.

She was not conscious of his presence in the room. (be conscious of sth./ that…)

I was conscious of her presence.

unconscious adj (1)__________ After she hit her head she was unconscious for several minutes.

(2)_____________ I was unconscious of her presence.

9.on the way& in the way

in the way, on the way 的含义分别是什么？

e.g. Please don't stand in the kitchen door-you’re in the way.

Let’s not stop too often on the way.

其他词组：by the way_____on the (one’s) way to _____；in this (that) way___by way of ____

in a (one) way__________

10.tip

I tipped the bottle over and it broke. (常与over, up连用;打翻，使弄翻)

I tipped the table and the glasses fell off it. (使倾斜；弄歪)

(3)丢弃；倒掉 (4)（与into连用）把…倒入容器

(have sth.) on the tip of one’s tongue

the tip of the iceberg 重要情况，重大问题等显露出的小部分

The legs of the table were tipped with rubber. She just tipped the ball over the net.

He tip the driver 5 Yuan. She’s been tipped for promotion. Someone tipped off the police about the robbery.

He left a tip under his plate. The teacher gives students some tips about how to study English.

11. adv. __________

a slightly different version We took a slightly more direct route. I knew her slightly.

‘Are you worried?’ ‘Only slightly.’

slight adj._______________ slight difficulty ________ a slight possibility of success_______

a slight girl___________; a slight difference________________

12.circulate vi, vt -lated, -lating (1)_________ The blood circulates round the body.

(2)_________________ Rumors circulated rapidly. People who circulate false news are to be blamed.

(3)____________ The prince circulated from group to group at the party.

”The politician circulated at the dance party, talking to lots of people."

circulation n. 流传，传播（不可数）；发行额，销售量（可数）；血液循环（可数或不可数） e.g. have (a) good/ bad circulation

13.revive vt, vi revived, reviving (1)____________The fresh air soon revived him.

(2)__________ to revive an old custom Our hopes revived.These flowers will revive in water.

14.recovery recover 恢复+ -y名词后缀 n -ies

She made a quick recovery after her illness.

15.roll over 不及物动词词组

The car was out of control and rolled over down to the river.

The years roll on.岁月流逝。 Roll the ball to me.把球滚给我。

其他词组：get…rolling…_____keep the ball to rolling ____roll in _____start the ball rolling _____

Grammar

1.sudden adj. suddenly adv.

They heard a sudden cry and wondered what was the matter.

all of a sudden _____________

2.in honour of (= in sb’s /sth’s honor) _____________________

I have cooked a special meal in honor of our visitors.

in…of: in praise of____in need of_____in place of ____；in case of ____；in favor of ________

honor n (1)尊敬；敬重 (2)荣誉，名誉；信用 to win honor for one's motherland 为祖国争光

(3)被引以为荣的人物He's an honor to his parents.

(4)（对法官等的尊称）阁下，先生 Your Honor 阁下，先生 (5)（用于客套语中）荣幸

We request the honor of your company at dinner. 谨备便酌，敬请光临（请柬用语）

考题 1.Miss Smith thought it a great _______ to be invited to speak to all of us.

A. pleasure B. success C. happiness D. honor

2.Washington, a state in the United States was named ________ one of the greatest American presidents. A. in honor of B. instead of C. in favor of D. by means of

Integrating skills

1.deal with 含义？与do with 区别是什么？

2.could have done，must have done, should/ought to have done, needn’t have done 的区别是什么？

3.bite vt, vi bit, bitten, biting (1)________ My monkey doesn't bite. The boy bit into the apple.

(2)_________________The dog has bitten a hole in my trousers.

(3)_______The mosquitoes are biting me.

(4)（鱼）咬饵 (5)抓紧；卡紧 The car's tires would not bite on the snow.

bite n She was covered in insect bites. This apple's good, do you want a bite?

He took a bite out of the pear. He hasn't had a bite (to eat) all day.

The children haven't had a bite to eat all day

5.see a doctor______see sb off __________see into ________see to sth________see to it that______

6.call for________call on sb___________ call at place_____________call sb up____________call in a doctor__________=_____________call on sb to do sth____________call for sb to do sth___________call out for help_____________make a phone call___________

7.in case of _______ In case of rain they can't go.

in case_____________ Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot.

in the case of ________e.g. It’s the kind of story we think of as myth. But in the case of him, the story is true.

in any case________________ in good case_____________in no case__________

in that case_______________ in the case of_____________ in this case___________-

It /This/ That is not the case.___________________

篇15：高二上unit 4语言点教案(人教版高二英语上册教案教学设计)

Warming up

1.board n&vt.木板，甲板,膳食费用（blackboard黑板）；上船；坐船，搭乘（公共交通工具）；供膳宿（boarding school 寄宿）

aboard adv.&prep.在船上，在公共交通工具内

2．But whether buses or trains，or boarding aeroplanes，there wasn't a door she'd get through．(P.25)

译文：但无论是汽车还是火车，还是天上的飞机，都没有她能进的门。

“whether...or...”用来引导让步状语，意为“无论／不管……还……”，此外，还可说成：“no matter whether...or...”。or后可接not或与前面意义相反的词。另外有些省略了whether...or...结构，已经成为习语，如：sink or swim，rain or sunshine等。

Whether you go or not，I will go．不管你去还是不去，我都去。

I am going whether it is raining or not．无论下不下雨，我都要去。

Whether you like or not，you'll have to do it．

无论你喜欢还是不喜欢，你非做不可。

Whether or not it rains，I'm giving a party tomorrow?不管是否下雨，明天我都要举办一个晚会。

I'll go，whether you come with me or stay at home．无论你跟我来还是留在家里，我都要走。

Sink or swim，I shall do it．无论成败，我都要承担此事。

The football match will be held，rain or sunshine．足球赛定期举行，风雨无阻。

Reading

3.Poetry also calls up all the colours，feelings，experiences and curious images of a dream world．(P.27)诗歌还能汇集梦中世界的一切色彩，感情，经历和各种奇妙的意向。

call up ①ring up；telephone打电话 ②征召……入伍 ③(使)回想起；把召唤回来

I'll call you up this evening．=I'll telephone you this evening．=I'll ring you up this evening．=I'll give you a call this evening．今晚我给你打电话。

He was called up in 1999．他于1999年入伍。

This song calls up memory of my childhood．=This song reminds me of my childhood．这首歌使我回想起我的童年。

call短语还有：call for(demand，need要求、需要；来找某人)，call out(呼喊)，call in(叫……进来；招来)，call on sb.／call at a place(短暂拜访……)，call back(回电话)。

4. Poems by Du Fu，Li Bai and Wang Wei among others stand out in the halls of Glory．(P.27) 杜甫、李白、王维以及其他诗人的诗歌兀立在荣光宝殿之上。

stand out[站立→鹤立鸡群]v.①突出；引人注目；②杰出；出色。同源词outstanding形容词，意为突出的，杰出的，显著的。

The new road sign is easy to read；the words stand out．新路标易辨认，上面的字很醒目。

Among writers in China，LuXun stands out as a real master．在中国作家中，鲁迅最为杰出，是一位真正的大师。

an outstanding young musician一位优秀的年轻的音乐家

5. Modern English started around the time of Shakespeare，towards the end of the 16th century．(P.28) 现代英语诗歌开始于莎士比亚时代，即十六世纪末。

time名词，意为①时间②(常用复数)时代。此外还有“次、回、倍”等意思。

What time is it by your watch？你的表几点了？

Take the medicine three times a day．服此药一天三次。

The bag is 3 times the size of that one．这个包大小是那个包的三倍。

Mao Zedong's time(s)毛泽东时代

6．Shakespeare is most famous for his plays．(P.25)

译文：莎士比亚以他的戏剧最为著名。

[讲解]the most放在多音节形容词前，意为“最”，是最高级的表达形式。但most前不加the，意为：“非常”，等于“very”。

This is the most difficult book I've ever read．这是我读过的最难的一本书。

This is a most difficult book．这是一本很难的书。(This is a very difficult book．)

7. His sonnets，however，belong to the best English poetry．(P.28)

然而他的十四行诗是英国诗歌中的至尊瑰宝。

belong to意为“属于,不用于被动语态-to be a member of...；to be connected with...”

The book belongs to me．=I own／have／possess the book．这本书是我的。

That lid belongs to the jar．那个盖子是配这个坛子的。

What party do you belong to？你属于哪个团体？

8。Chinese readers admire their works because of their use of surprising images that reminds them of the works of poets such as Su Dongpo．(P.28)

中国读者赞美他们，是因为他们作品中所用的令人惊奇的想像使他们想到像苏东坡那样的诗人的作品。

admire动词“钦佩、赞美、羡慕”-to think of or look at...with pleasure and respect”。

He is always looking in the mirror，admiring himself．他常常对着镜子自我欣赏。

They admired our garden．他们称赞我们的花园。

I admired him for his success in business．我佩服他事业有成。

9. Once published，his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line．(P.28) 发行后，他的诗作因为行尾不押韵而大获其名。

absent形容词①[表语]缺席、不在②[定语]心不在焉的

be absent from + 地点表示“不在某地” be absent in + 地点表示“外出去某地”

be absent from the meeting“缺席”

be absent in...当主语是无生命的名词时，意为“没有……”

an absent look on his face心不在焉的表情

He is absent in Europe．他现在外出在欧洲。

He is absent from Europe．他现在外出不在欧洲。

He is absent from the meeting．他开会缺席了。

He was absent from his work．他擅离职守。

Snow is absent in some countries．有些国家终年无雪。

absence名词，意为“不在、缺席”。

His absence from school is worrying．他一再缺课真令人担心。

It happened during his absence．事情发生在他不在时。

In the absence of the manager，I shall be in charge．经理不在时，由我负责。

The visitors to Venice notice at once the absence of noise．

去威尼斯的游客马上会发现那里没有噪音。

10. Usually remembered for other work than their poetry are eighteenth century poets such as Pope and Johnson．(P.28)

Greatly loved in China，are the English Romantic poets．(P.28)

不是因为诗，而是因为其他杰作让人不能忘怀的还有的18世纪的蒲伯和约翰逊等。

英国浪漫主义诗人深受中国人的喜爱。

在英语中，有时为了强调句子某个成分而进行倒装，有的把谓语动词提前，有的把过去分词提前，有的把现在分词提前。

① 过去分词置于句首。如：

Also discussed was a proposal to reduce the sales tax...也讨论了减少销售税的建议……(这里倒装是由于句子主语较长)

Also said to be under consideration is a performance in Beijing．据说也考虑在北京举行。(这里过去分词与also连用，全句强调主语performance，倒装也与上下文衔接有关)

② 现在分词置于句首。如：

Covering much of the earth's surface is a blanket of water．

地球表面上许多地方都布满水。

Attending the party were 700 students from 15 universities and colleges．

参加晚会的有来自15所大专院校的700名学生。

11. The style and atmosphere in their poems have often led to comparisons with poets such as Du Fu and Li Bai．(P.28)

他们诗文中的风格和气氛经常使人们把他们的诗作与像杜甫、李白那些诗人的诗歌相比较。

1)atmosphere名词，常用单数，意为“大气层；某一地方的空气；气氛、情绪”。

a smoky atmosphere烟雾腾腾

The talk went on in a friendly atmosphere．会谈在友好的气氛中进行。

There is always an unpleasant atmosphere in the office．办公室里总有一种令人不悦的气氛。

2) comparison名词意为：相比、对比、对照。常用短语和句型有：by／in comparison with...(与……相比；相比之下)；There is no comparison(between...)(没有什么可比性)；bear／stand comparison with sb.／sth.(比得上某人／某事)。

It's useful to make a comparison between two things．把两件事情相比是有益的。

By／In comparison with him，you are cleverer．与他相比，你更聪明。

My garden doesn't stand／bear comparison with his．我的花园比不过他的。

-Is he as good as her at English？ -There is no comparison(between them)．

--在英语上，他俩谁更好？ --他俩根本无可比性。

12. More and more people are interested to read modern poetry in English．(P.28)

越来越多的人们对读英国的现代诗歌感兴趣。

be interested in doing sth.表示感兴趣的事情不太具体，是抽象概念；be interested to do sth.表示感兴趣的事情很具体。

Are you interested in playing football？你对足球感兴趣吗？

I'd be interested to hear your opinion about this．我到想听听你对这个事情的看法。

13．Reading poetry in English also opens the door to finding new ways of expressing yourself in Chinese．(P.28)

译文：读英文诗歌还能使你开启一扇大门，在那儿，你可以找到更新的用汉语表达思想的方法。

[讲解]注意本句中to为介词，介词to后表示有动作的意味时，该词用其动名词形式。类似的结构还有：be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；devote...to doing sth把……贡献给……；contribute...to doing sth把……贡献给……；look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事。

He is used to getting up early．他已习惯早起床了。

He has contributed himself to serving the people．他把自己的一切都献给了为人民服务上。

He is looking forward to seeing you soon．他正盼望早些见到你。

Post reading

14. Modern English came into being from about the middle of 16th century．(P.28)

come into being(existence)形成、开始存在。为不及物动词短语，所以不可用被动；bring...into being(existence)使……形成、存在。

When did the universe first come into being？宇宙是什么时候开始形成的？

Who brought the new regulation into being？这新规定是谁制定的？

15．I started with small poems，but now I most like long poems．(P.31)

开始时，我读一些小诗，现在我更愿意读长诗。

start with意为：“以……开始”；start as意为“作为……开始、开始时是……”

We started our English learning with ABC．我们是以学ABC开始我们的英语学习的。

As a VIP，he started as only a clerk．作为一名大人物，他开始只是一名小职员。

16。Ask your teacher to recommend poems to you．(P.32) 请你的老师为你推荐一些诗歌。

recommend动词，意为“推荐、介绍、建议”，常用句型为：①recommend sth.／sb.推荐某物／人；②recommend sb. sth.／sb.=recommend sth/sb. to sb.把……推荐／介绍给……；③recommend sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事；④recommend + that从句(that从句谓语动词用should + 动词原形，should可省略，“建议某人做某事”；⑤recommend sb.／sth. + as／for + 名词，推荐／介绍……当……

Can you recommend a novel？你能推荐一本小说吗？

The professor recommended me warmly．那位教授热忱地推荐了我。

The teacher recommended us to read novels in origin．老师建议我们读原版小说。

They recommended that the match be held in China．他们建议比赛在中国举办。

He recommended Lao Li as an experienced technician．他推荐说老李是一个有经验的技术员。

She recommended me for the Party membership．她介绍我入党。

My uncle recommended me to the manager．我叔叔把我介绍给经理。

I have been recommended that medicine。有人向我介绍那种药。

17。Collect your favorite poems in a notebook and ask your friends to contribute to it．(P.32)

把你最喜欢的诗歌收集在你的笔记本中，让你的朋友们也往里面增添些新诗歌。

contribute动词，意为“贡献、捐(款)、投(稿)、出(力)、起(作用)、分享(=have a share in)”。常用句型有：①contribute sth.②contribute + to-infinitive③contribute sth. to(towards)sth.④contribute to sth.。

Everybody is called to contribute ideas．要求人人都想办法出主意。

Low wages and high prices contributed to increase the discontent of the people of that country．低工资、物价高增加了那个国家人们的不满。

He contributed all his time and energy to his work．他把所有时间和精力都献给了工作。

Laziness contributed greatly to his failure．懒惰是他失败的最重要的原因。

The fine weather contributed to the success of the expeditions．好天气是这次远征的原因。

用作状语的过去分词

无论过去分词作状语还是现在分词作状语，分词的逻辑主语都要和主句的主语一致。过去分词与主句的主语应是被动关系。过去分词作状语，表示时间、原因、让步或伴随等，这种过去分词通常相当于状语从句。

1)表时间

(When the metal is)Heated，the metal expands．加热后，这种金属会膨胀。(The couple took good care of the baby while(the couple was)occupied by their work．这对夫妇一边工作，一边很好地照顾这个婴儿。

像第二句那样当强调实践概念时，过去分词之前可用连词when，while。

2)表原因

(As he was)Greatly surprised，he couldn't say a word．

他大吃一惊，一时说不出话来。

(Because she was)Scolded by the teacher，the girl felt unfair．

那姑娘因受老师责备，而愤愤不平。

3)表让步

Even if(I were)invited，I wouldn't go．即使受邀请，我也不愿去。

Though(they were)defeated again and again，they went on fighting．尽管一再遭受挫败，他们仍然继续战斗。

4)表伴随

He stared at me(he was)astonished．他两眼瞪着我，惊恐万状。

Einstein walked along the street，(he was)lost in thought．爱因斯坦漫步街头，沉浸在思索中。