下面是小编为大家带来的简单高效最有用的商务英语信函写作指南,本文共8篇,希望大家能够喜欢!

篇1:简单高效最有用的商务英语信函写作指南
简单高效最有用的商务英语信函写作指南
Communicating in English effectively is essential in today's global economy.
在今日全球化的经济环境下,有效地用英语交流已经变得至关重要,
But conveying your ideas clearly is a skill that needs to be learnt. Too often people simply copy the style of their co-worker and especially their superiors as they think this “good English”. You see examples in your in-box every day - emails that are difficult to understand and that you need to read over and over again to get the message.
然而如何清晰地表达你的想法却是门大学问。太多时候人们只是简单地照抄他们眼中同事,尤其是上级写出来的“漂亮英语”。你每天都能在收件箱里看到很多例子——那些难懂的需要你读好多遍才能理解的邮件。
A big mistake is to pad out your writing with unnecessary words and phrases. Remember that the purpose of your writing is to communicate your ideas clearly.
一个巨大的错误就是用一些不必要的单词和词组让你的文章变得冗长。你要牢记你写作的目的是为了更清晰地交流你的.想法。
Always try to reduce the number of words in your sentences and avoid lengthy phrases that can be replaced with a shorter alternative. Here are some examples:
总是尽可能减少你句子中使用的字数,避免使用可以用更短的词代替的长词。以下是一些例子:
Instead of “prior to” use *before*
用“before”代替“prior to”
Instead of “subsequent” use *after*
用“after”代替“subsequent”
Instead of “in order to” use *to*
用“to”代替“in order to”
Instead of “in the event that” use *if*
用“if”代替“in the event that”
Instead of “with reference to” use *about*
用“about”代替“with the reference to”
Instead of “state of the art” use *latest*
用“latest”代替“state of the art”
Instead of “due to the fact that” use *since*
用“since”代替“due to the fact that”
Instead of “not later than 2pm” use *by 2pm*
用“by 2pm”代替“not later than 2pm”
Instead of “at the present time” use *now*
用“now”代替“at the present time”
Remember about organisation as well. Use topic sentences to indicate what each paragraph is about. In addition, keep your emails short. No one likes to read an email 10 paragraphs long!
同时也要记得文章有组织性,
第一句话就要开门见山地点出你每一段要讲什么。除此之外,要控制你邮件的长度。没人想读一条长达10段的邮件。
By using simple words and easily understood phrases you can improve the clarity of your message no end.
通过使用简单的单词和易懂的词组,你就能最终提高你信息的清晰度。
篇2:商务英语信函回信写作
Dear sir,
Firstly, We’d like to apologize for the late reply due to the problem of our computer network. We have repaired the machine and mailed back to you. Do you receive it ? The repair charge is US$ 1500, and the receipt will be based on the US$1200 as you requested. After the confirmation, please transfer US$1500 repairing charge to the
following a/c : To show our sincerity, we are willing to reduce price of RS10000 to the lowest US $114,000 . Besides, regarding to the 3 items you request, we will mail to you by express .
Thank you for your cooperation and we wish you success in your business.
P.S.: We are the SMT Machine manufacturer, and we only produce the new machines.Since we do not carry on the sales of used machines, we are unable to provide you the related information.
参考译文:
您好:
首先,我们必须向您致歉,由于敝公司计算机网络的问题,以致信件延迟至今才能回复您,请您见谅。
您送修的机器已经修理完成且已寄回,不知您收到没?修理的费用是1500美元,发票开立如您所要求1200美元,如果确认无误, 请贵公司将修理费用1500美元汇至下列账户:
为了表示我们的感谢,我们会将S10000的.价格降至最低114,000美元。另外您要的三项东西,我们会用快递寄去给您。
谢谢您的合作,并祝事业昌隆!
P.S.:敝公司是一家SMT的制造商,生产的都是全新的机器,并无经营旧机器的买卖,所以很抱歉,无法提供您所需求的信息
篇3:商务英语信函的写作
商务英语信函的写作
商务信函写作能力直接影响到买家对公司的评估,给客户的每一份信函、邮件或者传真,都代表着公司的形象,显示公司的水平和实力。同时,也可以用这种方式来评估和了解买家。商务信函写作决定了是否以专业的方式跟买家进行有效的沟通,在业务往来中占据着举足轻重的地位。因此商务信函的写作技巧是国际商务人员必须掌握的一门重要功课。
尽管写作在今天已经被列为商业领域的关键技能之一,但在这一领域接收过全面训练的人还是少之又少的,人们要不就是在几乎无须动笔的课程上学有专攻,要么就是专攻学术写作之道,而学术写作与商务写作不是一回事。学术写作与商务写作的不同,主要在于读者和写作目的不同。在学术写作中,写作者的目的是要让有限的读者信服自己在专业领域的博学。读者通常也是行业内的专家,他们阅读和评价论文是有报酬的。而在商务英语写作领域,文章是写给那些可能并不了解写作题材的各行各业的读者看的。商务文章的写作,受到时间和金钱两方面的限制,另外,读者无须,也不想花时间来整理和阅读那些冗长而复杂的文章,因此,今天的商务沟通要求的是一种简洁明了易懂的文风。
因此要符合上述交流的要求,并且树立起专业,以顾客为本和思维清晰的形象,要注意的一些问题如下。
一、读者
了解读者是成功的关键。无论任何交流(无论是文书的还是口头的交流)的首要原则即便是了解听众,一切都围绕着这一原则进行。
二、遣词
简单的词效果是最好的。阅读理解研究的结果显示,如果文章的难度稍稍低于人们通常的理解水平,那他们理解起来就会更快。在生意场上的人,无论是老板还是打工族都没有时间为了看懂生词而去。所以为了确保普通读者正确理解你的意思,尽量挑选短小精悍的简单词汇。这样也就减少了产生误解的可能。行话仍有用武之地。行话是在特定的团体或行业内使用的专业语言。如果给这样的团体写信,行话就能比平常的`语言更清晰更准确的解释某些概念,也有助于于技术人员读者建立起和谐友好的联系。
三、造句
句首、句尾的内容应该得到突出。人们在看电视情景喜剧时也是这样一个情形,他们一打开电视,因为熟悉剧情的发展看到中间就会开溜去看其他频道,然后再回来看结尾。因此别把重要信息埋没在长句的中间位置,这样可能会被人忽略漏看。商务应用文句子的平均长度为15 到18 个单词。这是使读者能够快速理解句意的最佳长度。如果超过18 个单词,读者看到这种句子要么会跳过中间的细节,要么就会错误的理解句意,因此长度应切成两到三个短句为宜。最佳的商务信函应该由长短不同地句子组成。太多长句会使人不知所措,太多短句则读起来像是小儿絮语,长短句交错的文章对读者最具吸引力。标点超过四处的句子令人难以卒读。句子因为太复杂而需要那么多的标点的话,读者是很难读懂的。把这样的长句断成两句或更多的短句,这样有助于有逻辑地清楚明白地表达观点。表达三个乃至更多观点时使用列表是最好的办法,标题式的列表可以帮助读者迅速掌握要点,而且也留有空白的间隔。
四、分段
信函、备忘录和报告的起始段落与结尾段落的长度不应超过三到四行。从心理学的角度上看,如果段落过长,就可能使读者不愿意花时间继续看下去。结尾段落也应该简短扼要,明白说明读者应该采取怎样的行动。意思表达的越清楚越准确,越有可能得到想要的效果,位于信函、备忘录或报告肢体部分的段落绝不应该超过8 行长。今天的读者已经不习惯长篇大论,他们会撇开中间的段落之看第一和最后一句。因此,为了保证读者不漏掉重要的信息,将段落长度控制在8 行以内是最好的。电子邮件中的起始和结尾应该只有2~3 行长,主题部分段落长度不应该超过5 行。凡事为读者着想起见,尽可能缩短段落。
五、外观
外观是非常重要的。大多数人并不关心文档的外观。然而一封信函,电子邮件或报告的外观如何,在很大程度上决定了收件方是否愿意拆开阅读。如果其书写潦草难懂,那对方可能就会忽略其内容或推迟到以后再阅读。选择合适的字体和字 号。字体应以适宜阅读为标准。现在有了word 软件,人们有机会使用多种大量不同的字体,但是如果同时使用多种字体,写出的东西就会获得“勒索信”一样的效果。字要慎重的选择,太小太大都不利于读者的阅读。绝不要整篇文档或电子邮件都用大写字母、粗体字或斜体字来写。有些人以为这样可以突出个人的风格或趣味,于是大部分甚至整篇文档都用大写字母、粗体字或斜体字来写。但是这些字体很难阅读,如果不加节制的滥用,反倒使它们丧失了正常的功用——即对某些单词或习语起到强调作用。只在其强调作用时用大写字母、粗体字或斜体字。
篇4:浅谈商务英语的信函写作
在日常的工作交流中,英文信函的往来再所难免。如何在这些信函中准确表词达意,让自身的工作能够顺利的进行,在商务英语的写作中,除了词汇量和句型使用的因素外,影响我们表达的还有哪些因素,都是我们关心的。 许多人写信时,常努力表达清楚个人意见,却忽略了写信的目的和对象。信函的目的就是和读信人进行必要的沟通,达成一致观点或意见,或使读信人认同你的`观点和做法。因此,为保证沟通的顺畅,写信过程中应始终保持“同理心”,充分考虑读信人的文化程度,生活背景,读信时候的心情及可能会有的反应,挑选适合的表达方式,才能使写信人的意图被充分的理解,并在最大可能上和读信人达成一致,起到沟通和交流和目的。
避免“敌对”态度的产生 在商务信函的写作中,由于潜词不当而造成的误会,其中绝大部分是由于忽略了词语的感情色彩而造成的,使读信人产生了“敌对的情绪”,从而使写信人的观点、意见不能被采纳或接受。例如,我们要求供应商能够提供正确的尺码的时候,有些学员会写成:“Do you think you could possibly send me the correct size this time?”从字面上面看这句话的意思没错。可是,我们忽略了Do you think you could…这个句式蕴涵了强烈的反问的语气,于是一句简单的询问,在读信的人看来变成了带有“讽刺”意味的质疑了。如果我们把这句话改成:Would you please replace the dress with one of the correct size?,听上去就是一句非常“诚恳”的请求,那么这样的请求被满足的可能性也会大很多。
此外,过多的使用“否定词”和命令性的词语,也容易引起对方的“敌对情绪”,就如当一些客户提出退货要求的时候,生产商的工作人员会要求客户提供发票。当遇到客户不能提供发票时,我们常需要拒绝客户退货的要求。在陈述理由的时候,有些学员会写:“You can?鄄not have a refund because you don’t have a re?鄄ceipt.”虽然,我们是根据流程和规定进行我们的工作,但是在这句话中出现了太多的not,措词非常强硬。这很可能会使客户的不满继续升级,而不能很好的解决争议。如果我们将这句话改成:You will receive a refund when you send the receipt.,情况就可能会改观。就从文字上来理解,这两句话所表达的意思基本相同,但其中包含的感情色彩和对读信人产生的心理作用却完全不同。因此,在撰写商务信函时,我们常会建议学生写完初稿后,站在收信人的角度通读全文,用“同理心”来避免信件中因为“措词不当”而产生敌对情绪。简洁的文字和高效率的工作
“提高工作效率”是许多办公室的白领并不陌生的词句;其实在商务英语的写作中,用词简练、有效也是为了提高工作效率,让收信人能在第一时间就了解主要意图,而不是花时间反复“欣赏”潜词造句的艺术。可是实际工作中,很多学员都会忘了这条写作的基本原则,进入“堆砌词藻”的误区。当然“累赘”的错误是比较明显的,更多时候,我们是为了追求句式的多样化而忘记了“简洁”的原则:例如,在表达目的关系时,用for the purpose of这个词组代替代to;在表达可能性时,不用probably而喜欢用in all probability等。这样表达不能说是错的,只是违背了用词简练的原则,使读信人觉得自己好像不是在办公室里工作,而是在家里读散文或者小说,因此写信时,要尽量避免使用一些范围过大,含义不清晰或文言文气很重的单词。通过下图的比较我们可看到,B栏的词汇更适合运用在商务写作中。
A BAssist → helpTerminate → endRemittance → paymentEndeavor → tryAnticipator → expectCommence → startPurchase → buyUtilize → useDispatch → send
Practice : Rewrite these sentences to make them sound more polite and courteous.
1.Bring me the report.
2.Ms. Jennifer Chang, Minister, will conduct the session
3.The old Indian attorney was an expert trial lawyer.
4.The lady professor is affiliated by Lyme disease.
5.An employee requesting family leave must file the required paperwork at least one month prior to her requested leave.
Answer:
1.Would you please bring me the report.
2.Reverend Chang will conduct the session
3.The attorney was an expert trial lawyer.
4.The professor has Lyme disease.
5.Employees requesting family leave must file the required paperwork at least one month prior to their requested leave.
篇5:商务信函写作指南
1、称呼称呼是写信人对受信人的尊称,主要依据相互间的隶属关系、亲疏关系、尊卑关系、长幼关系等而定,一般都用“敬语+称谓”的形式组成。如:“尊敬的王总经理”、“亲爱的刘主任”、“尊敬的董事长先生阁下”等。对某些特殊的内容或与境外华文地区的人员往来还可加上“提称”如:“尊敬的王博士总经理海成先生台鉴”、“亲爱秘书明玉小姐雅鉴”等等。
(顶格写,后面加冒号。)
2、启词启词是信文的'起首语,可有多种表示法。如问候式的“您好”、“别来无恙”;思怀式的“久不通信,甚为怀想”、“去国半载,谅诸事顺遂”等;赞颂式的“新春大吉”、“开张大吉”等;承前式的“上周曾发一传真件,今仍具函,为××事”,“贵公司×月×日赐函已悉”等等。不分对象,不论内容,一律以“您好”为书信之启词,实在极不恰当。此外,公务书信的启词还可用“兹为、兹因、兹悉、兹经、兹介绍、兹定于”;“顷闻、顷悉、顷获”;“欣闻、欣悉、欣逢、值此”,以及“据了解、据报、据查实”等一系列公文用语,以提领全文。(在称呼下面另起一行,前空两格!)
3、正文正文是书信的主体,是书信能否达到写信人理想效果的关键。一封信可以专说一件事,也可以兼说数件事,但公务书信应该一文一事。正文要清楚、明了、简洁,并注意情感分寸,不应有昵亵轻狂之嫌,也不可显侮蔑轻慢之意。
(在启词下面另起一行空两格。)
4、酬应过渡正文结束时,可写几句酬应性的话作为全文的过渡。如“我方相信,经过此次合作,双方的友谊将有进一步发展”。又如“再次表示衷心的感谢”或“代向公司其他同志问候”等等。也有用公务书信的常用结语过渡,如“特此函达、特此说明、特此重申、特此函询、特此致歉”,或“肃此专呈、肃此奉达”,也有“特此鸣谢、敬请谅解、尚祈垂察、务请函复、至希鉴谅”,以及“承蒙惠允、承蒙协办、承蒙惠示、不胜荣幸、不胜感激”等等。
(过渡一下更符合礼仪规范)
5、祝颂词书信的最后,写祝颂词是惯例。由于写信人与受信人的关系各有不同,书信内容各有不同,祝颂词的写法便呈多种多样。诚祝生意兴隆”等等,有时,往往用简单的一两句话,写明希望对方答复的要求。如“特此函达,即希函复。”同时写表示祝愿或致敬的话,如“此致敬礼”、“敬祝健康”等。祝语一般分为两行书写,“此致”、“敬祝”可紧随正文,也可和正文空开。“敬礼”、“健康”则转行顶格书写。
6、签署书信的签署以写信人全名为要,不能只签个姓氏或习惯称呼,如“老王、小王、小李、张主任、赵经理”等,而要完整地写成“××部主任张金水”、“××公司经理王富成”或者“××公司办公室秘书李倩”、“××部业务员刘震”等。今天,许多书信都以计算机制成,但即使已打印了姓名,仍应再以手书签署一遍,这既表信用,亦示诚意。对某些特殊对象,署名后应有具名语,如“谨上、谨呈、敬述”等,以表示对受件者的尊重。
(通常中文信函写在结尾后另起一行(或空一、二行)的偏右下方位置,但一般e-mail商务信函也可靠左)以单位名义发出的商业信函,署名时可写单位名称或单位内具体部门名称,也可同时署写信人的姓名。
7、日期日期明确本是应用文写作的基本要素,书信自然不可缺了这一项。日期必须准确,表现出写信人的负责态度,而万一记错日期,也许会因此而误事。(写信日期—般写在署名的下一行或同一行偏右下方位置。)
范文:
尊敬的先生/小姐,
我们非常高兴向您介绍我们纺织部的进口经理王有先生。王先生将在你市度过三周,他要与主要的生产厂家拓展商务并为下一季度采购装饰织品。
如能介绍他给可靠的生产厂家,向他提供所需的任何帮助或建议,我们将不胜感谢。
您诚挚的
篇6:商务英语信函的写作原则
商务英语信函的写作原则
商务英语信函是进出口业务进展情况的专业性书面记录,是国际贸易双方进行书面商务信息沟通的重要手段,其撰写的.成功与否对企业的业务有着极其重要的影响,其写作原则是:用语礼貌规范、表达清楚准确、行文简洁完整.
作 者:黎黎 作者单位:新余高等专科学校外国语系,江西新余,338000 刊 名:九江学院学报 英文刊名:JOURNAL OF JIUJIANG UNIVERSITY 年,卷(期): 27(5) 分类号:H315 关键词:商务英语信函 写作 原则篇7:商务英语抱怨信函写作篇
商务英语抱怨信函写作篇
Complaints & Claims (抱怨和索赔信函)抱怨、索赔信函的目的是为了获取更好的服务,对已出现的问题求得尽快的、妥善的解决。它通常是买方由于对收到的货物不满而书写,如:货物未按时到达;货物虽抵达,但与订单所载不同;货物有损毁现象;货物数量短缺或多余;货物质量与样品不符;服务不合理以及收费过高等,这些均是抱怨、索赔的正当理由。
书写抱怨、索赔信函时,不妨开门见山出原先双方同意的条件,然后列举事实以表示有何不满,以及为什么不满,最后提出解决的方法。内容应明确、清楚 、有理,语气要简洁、坚决。避免使用愤怒和使对方过于难堪的措辞(除非你所抱怨的问题反复发生,且多次投诉而毫无结果)。
1) For Delay in Shipment (由于发货延迟而抱怨)
Dear Sirs ,
The furniture we ordered from you should have reached us a week ago .Needless to say , the delay in delivery has put us to great inconvenience .It is therefore imperative that you dispatch them immediately .Otherwise we shall be obliged to cancel the order and obtain the goods elsewhere.
Please look into the matter as one of urgency and let us have your reply as early as possible .
Yours faithfully,
亲爱的先生们:我方从贵方订购的家具应于一星期前收到。不用说,发货的延迟给我方带来了很大的.不便。因此,贵方必须立即发货,否则我们将被迫取消订单,到另处订货。
请紧急处理此事,并尽快告知结果。
2) For Poor-Packing (由于包装不妥提出索赔)
Dear Sirs ,
We are writing to inform you that the toys covered by our order No.519arrived in such an unsatisfactory condition that we have to lodge a claim against you .It was found upon examination that 10%of them are broken and some are badly scratched , obviously due to the improper packing . Therefore, we cannot offer it for sale at the normal price and suggest that you make us an allowance of 20% on the invoiced cost .This is the amount by which we propose to reduce our selling price .If you cannot accept , Im afraid we shall have to return them for replacement .
Sincerely yours ,
亲爱的先生们:我们写信通知贵方,519号订单玩具已收到,但货物状况很不令人满意 ,故我们不得不提出索赔。经检查,我们发现有10%的货物破损,而且一些也有严重磨损现象。很明显,这是由于包装不妥造成的。因此,我们无法以原价售出货物。 建议贵方依照发票金额给予20%的折扣,这是我们所建议降低的售价额度。如果贵方无法接受,我们将不得不退货,要求替换。
3) For Damage of Goods (由于货物损坏而抱怨)
Dear Sirs,
Our order No.JT-8 The glassware you supplied to our order of 3rd July was delivered by the shipping company this morning .The 160 cartons containing the goods appeared to be in perfect condition .But when I unpacked them with great care , I regret to report that 10 cartons of glassware badly cracked .
We trust you can understand that we expect the compensation for our dam aged goods .
Yours faithfully,
亲爱的先生们:订单JT-8号我方于7月3日从贵处订购的玻璃器皿已于今早货运公司送到。装有货物的160个纸箱完好无损。但当我们小心打开检查时,发现有10箱玻璃器皿严重破损。相信贵处能理解我方要求对损坏货物进行赔偿。
4) For Incomformity(由于货物不符而抱怨)
Dear Sirs ,
On March 12, we ordered 1,200 shirts size 42. But unfortunately ,we received completely different articles-children clothes today .We can only presume that a mistake was made and the children clothes were for another order .
As I have several customers waiting , please arrange for the replacements at once.
Faithfully yours,
亲爱的先生们:三月十二日我订购了一千二百件四十二号男式衬衣。但不幸的是,今天我们收到了完全不同的货物――儿童服装。我们想贵方一定搞错了,儿童服装是另一份订单。由于有几位客户在等货,故请贵方立即安排更换货物。
5) For Unacceptable Substitute (由于无法接受替代物而抱怨)
Dear Mr .Cliff,
During the past three months I have placed two sizable orders for The Handy Desk Companion by Roy .specifying the hard back binding .But both time you sent me paper-back binding because you were out of stock on the hard-back .
Fortunately ,I am still selling a few of the paper backs ,but more and more customers ask for the hard-back ones .(At least two of our competitors have this reference book in hard-back in our cities).
篇8:商务英语写作指南篇
1.商务英语写作指南:介词of大揭秘
I find that non-native English speakers tend to use the word “of” much too often. “Of” is also frequently used incorrectly instead of other prepositions.
我发现非英语为母语的人经常用of这个词,但是这个词比起其他介词来,也更常被误用。
Non-native English speakers tend to write, for example, the attorney of the claimant where native speakers would write the claimant’s attorney. Although both structures are grammatically correct, phrases like the attorney of the claimant increase the “wordiness” and complexity of a sentence and make your writing more difficult to read.
非英语为母语的人喜欢这样表达“the attorney of the claimant”(原告的律师),而英语国家人士则习惯于这样表达“the claimant’s attorney”。虽然两种表达在语法上都是正确的,但是用of的词组表达则显得语句更为累赘,使句子更加难以理解。
Here are some examples:
看下面的这些例子:
Bad Style Good Style the decision of the regulatory authority the regulatory authority’s decision the approval of the Management Board the Management Board’s approval the consent of the Meeting of Shareholders the consent of the Shareholders’ Meeting the representative of the Company the Company’s representative the total remuneration of the Contractor the Contractor’s total remuneration
Note that all these examples refer to a person or a group of people – i.e. the claimant, the regulatory authority, the Management Board, the Shareholders’ Meeting, the Company and the Contractor.
以上的例子所指代的对象都是某人或由某些人组成的组织,比如原告、管理机构、管理局、股东大会、公司和承包人,所以可以用’s来代替of。
Now look at other examples:
再看下面这组例子:
Bad Style Good Style German law’s perspective the perspective of German law the contract’s termination the termination of the contract the claim’s rejection the rejection of the claim the contract’s annex the annex to / of the contract the judgement’s date the date of the judgement the plans’ realisation the realisation of the plans
There are no people involved in any of these examples, so it is better to use of instead of ’s.
这些例子里,都没有涉及到任何人,所以在这里较为恰当的用法还是使用of来代替’s。
I should add, however, that this is a general rule, and there are exceptions to it. But if you follow this rule, it should – most of the time – make your writing easier to read.
我要特别指出的是,这是一条通用法则,当然还有特殊情况。不过,如果你学会了这条法则的话,大多数时候,你的英语写作会更容易阅读。
2.商务英语写作指南:易混淆词汇辨析
1.raise vs rise
raise和rise的辨析
When used as a verb they both have the same general meaning of “to move upwards”, the main difference is that rise is an intransitive verb (it does not take an object), while raise is a transitive verb (it requires an object):
当raise和rise做动词用时,两者都有“抬高、提升”的意思,其区别在于rise是不及物动词(后面不加宾语),而raise是及物动词(后面要加宾语)。
rise (v) Something rises by itself
rise(动词),自动升起
Example 1: The sun rises in the east.
例1:太阳从东方升起。
Example 2: Luther rose slowly from the chair.
例2:卢瑟慢慢从椅子上站起身来。
Example 3: I will rise tomorrow morning at 6 a.m. to walk the dog.
例3:我明天早上要6点起来去遛狗。
Rise is an irregular verb: rise / rose / risen
rise是一个不规则动词,其变化形式是rise/rose/risen。
raise (v) Something else is needed to raise something.
Raise(动词),把某物举起
Example 1: Linda raised her hand.
例1:琳达举起了手。
Example 2: The government is going to raise taxes.
例2:政府要加税。
Example 3: He raised himself into a sitting position.
例3:他起身坐了起来。
Raise is a regular verb: raise / raised / raised
raise是规则动词,其变化形式是raise/raised/raised。
2.Assume vs know vs think
assume、know和think的辨析
To assume is a regular verb that means to suppose something to be the true, but without proof.
Assume是一个规则动词,意思是假设某事是真的,但并没有真凭实据。
Example: I assume you’re here to learn English.
例句:我假设你来这里是来学英语的。
To know is an irregular verb that means to be absolutely certain or sure about something, usually through observation, inquiry, or information.
Know是一个不规则动词,意思是完全确信、肯定某事,通常是通过观察、询问或各种信息得出的结果。
Example: I know I should practise English every day, but I never seem to have the time.
例句:我知道我应该每天练习英语,但我似乎从来都找不到时间来这么做。
To think is an irregular verb that means to have a particular opinion, belief, or idea about someone or something.
Think是一个不规则动词,意思是对某人或某事有一种特别的观点、信念或想法。
Example: I think English is a global language.
例句:我认为英语是一种全球通用语。
Note - If you need to remember which one to use, memorise this sentence: Why do some people assume they know what other people think about something?
提示:如果你想记住这三个词的区别的话,记住下面这个例句就行了:为什么有些人自认为他们知道别人在想些什么?
3.overtake vs takeover (take over)
overtake、takeover和take over的辨析
Overtake is a verb. It can mean to go beyond something by being better, or if you’re driving to come from behind another vehicle or a person and move in front of it.
Overtake是一个动词,意思是通过变得更好从而超过某物,或者指开车时的超车,也可以指赶上某人,来到某人的前面。
Example: You should always check your rear view mirror before you overtake another car.
例句:在你超车前,你应该要查看一下后视镜。
Takeover as a noun is used when one organisation gains control of a company by buying most of its shares.
Takover是一个名词,用来指某个机构通过购买另一个公司的大部分股份从而掌管了该公司。
Example: In September 2006 Merck announced their takeover of Serono SA.
例句:2006年9月,Merck公司宣布收购Serono SA。
Take over as a phrasal verb means to get control of a company by buying most of its shares.
Take over是一个动词词组,意思也是通过购买某一个公司的大部分股份从而掌管了该公司,即收购。
Example: Merck finally took Serono over in 2007.
例句:Merck公司于2007年最终收购了Serono公司。
3.商务英语写作指南:能把人绕晕的account
The word “account” can mean a variety of things, depending on the context in which it is used. It also has many idiomatic uses. As a result, if not used with great care, the word can cause ambiguity and make sentences difficult to understand.
根据不同的语境,account这个词可以有很多不同的解释,也有很多约定俗成的固定用法。因此,如果在使用account这个词时未加注意,那么就有可能造成歧义和理解上的困难。
Consider the following sentence (it’s an exaggeration, but I have often seen similar):
来看一下下面这个例句(虽然这是个极端的情况,但我确实经常看到类似的句子):
On account of a payment made on account of the service charges on the Lessor’s account, no further payments on this account are necessary.
由于与服务相关的账目费用已经汇入Lessor的银行账户,因此没有必要再付任何费用了。
The word “account” appears four times, and has three different meanings. This makes the sentence thoroughly confusing for a reader, and so some serious editing is necessary.
在这句话中,account这个词出现了四次,包含了三种不同的含义。这就让读者很难理解这句话想表达的意思,因此需要做出一些必要的修改。
First of all let’s look at each phrase in turn: (1) On account of a payment made (2) on account of the service charges (3) on the Lessor’s account, no further payments (4) on this account are necessary.
首先让我们来看一下每个用到account的词组搭配:(1) On account of a payment made (2) on account of the service charges (3) on the Lessor’s account, no further payments (4) on this account are necessary.
(1) The first phrase, on account of means literally “by reason of”. The writer could also use “due to”, “as a result of”, or “because of”.
(1)第一个词组“On account of”就是“由于、因为”的意思。作者也可以用“due to”,“as a result of”或者“because of”等来表示。
(2) The second use of on account of is ambiguous because it does not mean “by reason of”. Rather it means “on the service charge account”, i.e. the record of credits related to the service charges.
(2)第二个词组中的“on account of”就有些歧义,在这里它并不表示“由于、因为”的意思,更倾向于表示“服务费账目”,即与服务费相关的信用记录。
(3) The phrase on the Lessor’s account contains an error that I frequently see. It is a serious mistake because it changes the meaning of the sentence. What the writer means is “into the Lessor’s (bank) account”. However, the phrase “on someone’s account” is idiomatic and means “on someone’s behalf”. But this payment was not made on the Lessor’s behalf, rather it was made into his bank account!
(3)第三个词组中的“on the Lessor’s account”出现了一个我经常看到的错误。这是一个严重的问题,因为它改变了整句话的意思。作者想要表达的意思应该是“汇入Lessor的银行账户”。但是“on someone’s account”是有固定用法的,相当于“on someone’s behalf”(代表某人)。但这个词组的意思并不是“代表Lessor的账户”,而是把钱汇入Lessor的账户!
Remember that in English payments are made “into or to a bank account” and NOT “on a bank account”.
记住,在英语中,付款是“汇入(into或者to)某人的账户”,而不是“在(on)某人的账户上”。
(4) The last phrase – on this account – has three possible meanings. It contains the same ambiguity as the second use of on account of: Does the writer mean “for this reason”, or is he referring to the record of credits related to the services charges? The third possible meaning is “into a bank account”. Although this phrase is very ambiguous, it does not actually cause a problem here because the sentence ultimately means the same thing whichever way you understand this phrase.
最后一个词组“on this account”有三种不同的含义。首先,和第二个词组on account of一样,on this account到底是表示“由于(for this reason)”的意思,还是表示“与服务费相关的账目”的意思?以上就包含了两个不同的意思。第三种意思是“汇入银行账户(into a bank account)”。虽然这个词组很有歧义,不过在前后文中它的意思还是很明确的,不管你怎么理解这个词组,它所表达的意思都是一样的。
But I think you’ll agree that it is not very satisfactory to write something that can be interpreted in three different ways.
但是,我想如果一个词组可以有三种解释,你也不会对这种用法感到满意吧。
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