雅思阅读如何快速定位答案

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以下是小编为大家收集的雅思阅读如何快速定位答案，本文共8篇，希望对大家有所帮助。

雅思阅读如何快速定位答案

篇1：雅思阅读如何快速定位答案

雅思阅读如何快速定位答案

特殊词

从原文中找“特殊词”

什么样的词是“特殊词”呢?特殊词，顾名思义，就是样子特殊、很容易在原文中找到的词。比如：时间，地点，人名，书名，杂志名，专有名词，斜体字，引号引出的词， A-B类型的词。这些词要么是数字(阿拉伯数字或是用英语单词表述的数字，需要注意形式)，要么是首字母大写的词，在原文中很容易被快速找到。

定位词

从题干中找“定位词”

然而，不是所有的题目中都包含这样的“特殊词”的，在雅思阅读中更多的题目是不包含“特殊词”的题目，这无疑增加了定位的难度。但是如果我们能通过读题迅速判断出决定题目所在的这句话不同于文中其他句子的相对独特的词，再在原文中找到这些相对独特的词，我们就可以准确的找到原文的位置了。我们来看几个例子，横线划出的是定位词：

Endangered languages cannot be saved unless people learn to speak more than one language

Savinglanguagesfrom extinction is notinitself a satisfactorygoal.

The way we think may be determined by our language.

Youngpeople often rejectthe established way of lifein their community.

A change of languagemay mean a loss of traditional culture.

题目定位

通过题目的前后顺序帮助定位

我们都知道五种小题型、判断题、选择题、总结题的顺序性都是极强的，那么在定位的时候我们可以通过前后的题目来帮助定位，就进一步加快了我们定位的速度。

雅思阅读效率需要怎样提升

虽然雅思阅读有难度，但是同学们也不能因此而对自己失去信心，雅思阅读学习需要恰当的方法，其中多多积累一些雅思阅读核心词汇很重要，下面小编就来给大家介绍一下雅思阅读在考试前要怎样备考，希望能给大家带来帮助。

其实，一个月的备考时间要想从根本上提高考生的雅思阅读能力显然不是很现实，那假如我们的备考时间只剩下了一个月，考生又该如何利用这一个月的时间呢?

1、合理安排复习时间

雅思考前一个月的复习时间基本上可以分成三个阶段，前三个星期，考前一个星期以及考前一到两天。这是一个循序渐进、查漏补缺的过程，也是一个冲刺的过程。这个月的阅读复习并不是要大量的做题，而是从另一个角度去阅读文章，去体会出题思路，然后再从词汇量上有一定的提高。小编还是要提醒大家注意总结雅思阅读核心词汇，对于雅思阅读学习很有帮助。

所以前三个星期每天只需要练习一篇文章就可以，只是练习的方式和平常要有所区别。在做这一篇文章的时候必须要规定时间，也就是二十分钟完成一篇练习，做完对完答案不可以就放一边，而要好好分析，精读一下。精读的概念就是把文章从头到尾每句话、每个词的意思都能搞清楚，尤其是和题目对应的文章部分。精读完后就要仔细看下做错的题目，总结一下是什么原因导致做错，是单词看不懂，还是句子看不懂，还是说思维方式上有点差距或者某个题型做题方法上还有待改进。这样做一篇练习然后再精读分析，一定要花一到两个小时，阅读练习的量这一天也够了。只是要每天坚持，都要花一到两个小时去看阅读，培养一种感觉，这样积累一个月会把自己的状态调整到最佳的。

考前一个星期可以找时间做一次或两次阅读模拟，也就是一个小时内完成三篇阅读文章。这种自测的作用就是能体会到考试时时间紧迫的感觉，了解到自己时间把握上的薄弱点，在最后的心态上进行调整。当然做完练习后的主动分析也是必不可少的。

考前2天基本上是属于最后冲刺阶段，但是对于阅读来说，平时的功夫更重要，考前1-2天再多做题也不会在阅读能力上有所提高。所以建议大家考前1-2 天可以把以前做过的题目拿出来看，尤其是做错的题目，然后把一些常见的词汇整理一下，把前3个星期自己分析过的内容再看一下。如果上过培训班的同学可以把老师讲过的内容尤其是做题方法再温习一下，然后保持一种稳定的心态去面对考试。

2、找好复习材料

市面上的雅思考试复习材料层出不穷，但是对于阅读准备来说最好的材料还是剑桥系列。在考前练习的材料选择还是以剑四到剑六为主。在前三个星期的“每天一练”就可以选择剑桥系列的文章。剑四到剑六一共有12套题目36篇文章，肯定是够用的。有些同学也许之前已经做过，但是隔了一段时间去做剑桥系列的阅读还是不一定能做好，所以不用担心以前已经做过的问题。同时除了A类的阅读文章之外，G类的section3那篇文章的长度和题型和A类是差不多的，也可以拿G类section3这篇文章进行练习。

如何提高雅思阅读效率

1. 概括地观察(Survey)

首先略读每章或每页的大概内容，例如：可从书本的序言和目录开始，通常作者会在序言中交代叙述的重点及动机，而目录则可帮助你了解课本的组织架构及章节层次;阅读课文的名称 title，主题 main headings 及副题 sub-headings;注意每一主题的头一句，导言 introduction 和本章提要 summary(如果有的话)，图片说明 captions to all graphics 等，这样，你不用十五分钟便对内容有概略的了解。

2. 提出一个全面的问题(Write a general question)

观察课文内容后，提出一个包含所有阅读资料的问题，把问题写在每章节的开首，令自己可以看到此问题时，便忆起全部内容。

3. 提出各别问题来引导阅读(Write questions to guide your reading)

当你看到主题、副题、图片及首句时，由此而提出有关问题，写在题目或图片旁边，帮助你阅读文章内容。

4.寻求问题的答案(Read to answer the questions)

阅读章节时，尽量跟随你的问题来找答案，把握课文重点。

5.在答案下划线(Underline words that answer the question)

在了解一段内容后，找出解答问题的重要字key words及短语phrases，并划记下来。在划记时可选用其他颜色的笔，既方便又快捷。

6. 修正问题(Revise the questions)

如果在阅读时，发现问题并未得到解答或不明确，可重新写下问题，并将有关答案的字词划记。再重读文章，遇到不明白的地方，再请教导师或同学。

7. 举一反三(Use examples)

当你理解全文时，便可将知识整理起来，同时，学习类推的方法，将知识应用于其他类似事情或日常生活上，利用连带关系，才能把文章内容融会贯通，大大提高你的阅读兴趣和能力。例如：当银行利率提高时，会使银行的存款利息增加，而你可能会联想到投资受影响，或是你会类推更多其他事项。

的如果学有余力的同学可以去看下国外的网站或者材料，例如BBC的中文网站等。但基本上是以剑桥系列的为主，因为更具有针对性，而且对雅思考试的出题思路能有个更好的理解。

3、机经的使用

有很多同学会问阅读机经在准备考试的时候有没有用，从实际意义上来说，雅思阅读机经的作用并不是很大。因为阅读只能回忆出大致内容和题型，具体的文章和题目是很难回忆出来的。所以建议考生可以利用机经看看最近常考的题型是什么，题材是什么，然后去网上看看相关题材的内容，但是背机经就一点用处都没有了。所以最后一个月的复习重点我们还是放在文章分析和题目总结上，不要盲目去看所谓的机经。

雅思阅读的做题顺序解析

虽然雅思阅读在整个考试中有一定的难度，但是大家也不能因此而失去信心，可以参加一些雅思阅读培训，了解一下都有哪些雅思阅读题型，下面小编就来给大家介绍一下雅思阅读的做题顺序是什么，希望能给大家带来帮助。

雅思阅读词汇量大，长难句多，时间有限，为很多同学所惧怕。其实阅读是最简单的，只需要花时间把答案找到。如何在有限的时间内，获得更多的分数?

具体方法如下：

一、首先决定要以什么样的顺序做题。真正的雅思考试并不是想象中的由易到难，很有可能一开始的文章就很难。设想，如果用30分钟先解决一道难题，再用剩下的30分钟去完成两道简单的题目，效果注定不好!试举剑桥4中TEST 2 为例，三篇文章分别“lost for words”, “alternative medicine in Australia”, “play is a serious business”.乍一看第三篇文章题目是最简单的，实际上它反而是最难的。

二、题型决定做题顺序，而不是题目。“lost for words”题型分别是：summary, 人名理论matching, yes/no/not given. “alternative medicine in Australia”题型分别是：multiple choices, yes/no/not given, 填空题. “play is a serious business”题型分别是：信息段落配对，多选多，人名理论配对。初步分析题型后还可以细化，理清做题思路。第一篇文章难度适中，summary 属主旨类型题建议先做，同时可以把人名全部找到以节省时间。matching题中出现五对五配对还有NB。第二篇文章题目虽难但是引言部分交待很清楚，属简单的题目。填空题实属数字游戏，整篇文章完全按顺序出题。第三篇文章难度系数较大，信息段落配对难把握，之后的人名理论配对干扰选项过多，从一开始相当于八选一。这样分析下来，我们的做题顺序应该是“Passage 2/1/3”。小编还是要提醒大家注意总结雅思阅读题型，参加一些必要的雅思阅读培训，已达到快速提高阅读成绩。

三、掌握技巧，灵活运用。题型没有绝对的难易之分，对其他考生难也许对你反而容易，要结合自己的实际情况。可以先做送分题“表格填空，图形题，完成句子”。在五大主流题型中，配对题比较费时，其中信息和段落配对最花时间，建议放在最后。而作为主旨的heading 和summary 可考虑先做，因为完成主旨题型后文章大致的内容和结构都可以掌握，对于细节题的定位会方便很多。

雅思考试像是一场战斗，应该灵活运用作战的策略和方法，后期更需要成套的阅读训练。如果能够运用这些提高效率节省时间的方法，有助于学生信心的塑造和雅思分数的提高。

雅思阅读文章结构特点分析

大多数雅思真题文章的结构是人们常说的“到金字塔”形式。这是指在一篇文章中，最重要的信息都放在开头部分，尤其是开头的前三段。也就是说，一篇文章的主题(主题句)都出现在前三段。一般我们把这样的段落称为导语段。文章一般把新闻所涉及的人物、时间、地点、过程和结果都交待出来。读者读完了导语段，也就知道了新闻的关键信息。

接下来就是逐步向读者交待事件发生的起因、过程、影响等信息。这是文章的主要部分，但是各种信息并不是平铺直叙的，而是按照它们的重要性先后出现的。与事件直接相关的信息被认为是最重要的，因此位置靠前，然后才是次要的信息。

在这一部分，文章还可以交待消息的来源，并且时常引用记者在采访中得到的有关人士的话，以证明消息的可靠。新闻还可以补充说明一些背景材料，有时不惜重复一些内容。

文章的结构有时显得松散，段落之间的逻辑关系不紧密，这是因为需要交待的信息没有一定的关联模式，只是发生的一些实事的铺陈。

新闻一般不要求结尾，尤其是总结性的结尾段。在交待完事件的全过程后，作者通常加上一两段与该消息有点关系、但是不是很重要的信息，作为新闻的结尾。

请大家参考下面的例文，体会上述结构特点。

Student Face Bleak Job Market in Japan

(introduction &main idea)

TOKYO—More than 12,000 college students in Japan, who graduate next spring, packed into the giant Tokyo Dome sports stadium Monday with the anxious hope of landing jobs.

(more facts)

Hundreds lined up before dawn, some having traveled from distant cities for a huge job-counseling program organized by the ministry of Labor.

(background)

September brings the formal start of Japan's annual job-recruitment season. But after nearly five years of recession and “job shock”, those entering the work force face the most forbidding season in years, and many have settled for jobs they would have once dismissed.

(quotes)

“I am looking for a job as receptionist, a sales clerk—it doesn't matter,” said Takako Nakahara, who flew more than 500 miles from her two years college in southern Japan for Monday's program.

(more detail)

High school and college graduates—especially women—have borne the brunt of Japan's economic pain. Thanks in large part to the lifetime employment practices of most Japanese companies, the nation's official unemployment rate is only 3.2 percent—a level Americans would consider a victory over joblessness.

篇2：雅思阅读如何快速划定位核心词找答案

雅思阅读如何快速划定位核心词找答案

一、表顺接和递进词

例词：also, furthermore, moreover, what is more, in addition…

考点：And Western scientists are starting to draw on this wisdom… (C6, P28,Q31找标题)

解析：And在这句话开头，有一定的递进含义，this wisdom则是指代了前面一句话出现的their wealth of traditional knowledge(因纽特人传统的知识)，所以这两句话有紧密的联系，同学们在读题的时候要通过发现信号词，然后发散地看它的前后句，最后把考点考察的意思补充完整。

二、表对比和转折词

例词：however, but, although, nevertheless, on the other hand, by comparison, while

考点：But such projects must be built to higher specifications and withmore accountability to local people and their environment than in the past. (C7P24 Q20)

解题：此题是段落大意配对题，在确定H段段落大意时，段落中间but之后出现的那句话就是解题的关键，根据句子中出现的两个比较级，可以确定答案应该为X The need to raise standards.

考点：While suggestopedia has gained some notoriety through success in the teaching of modern languages, few teachers are able to emulate the spectacularresults of Lozanove and his

associates. (C7 P27 倒数第二段 Q39, 40)

解析：段首句用while引起注意，我们可以根据success, 和后半句中的few teachers, spectacular results, 搞定最后两个填空题。

三、相似词

例词：similarly, in other words, that is, put another way, as …

考点: Thus, we concluded that the blind interpret abstract shapes as sighted people do.(C4, P28, Q40)

解析：题目考的是对文章的总结。因此解题时重点看文章中表示结论的句子，thus这个单词给了我们提示，而句子中的as...do表达的是一个相似的逻辑，因此答案可以确定为B。

四、排列次序词

例词：firstly, second, another, the second, the most, the best, next,then, now, later, since, eventually, finally…

考点：First, it lacked the necessary technical vocabulary. Second, it lacked the grammatical resources required to represent the world i an objectiveand impersonal way,... (C5, P49, Q30-31)

解析：题目30-31考的是并列和否定的逻辑关系，原文中的first, second, 对应的就是题目中的neither...nor...这个并列关系，这两题的答案就迎刃而解了。

考点：First mechanism, then mass use of chemical fertiliser andpesticides, then monocultures, then battery rearing of livestock, and now genetic engineering – the onward marching of intensive farming has seemed unstoppable in the last hal- century, as the yields of produce have soared. (C7, P44, Q15)

解析：段首句连用表示次序的信号词，first, then, then… and now, 体现发展的不同阶段。(the stages of development of farming industry C7 P77 选择配对)

五、强调作用词

例词：in fact, in essence, in particular, emphasize…

考点：This, in essence, is the problem of modern sociobiology- to discover the degree to which hard-wired genetic programming dictates… (C5, P21,Q18 信息包含题)

解析：信息包含题考察细节是在哪个段落出现，在做此类题目时，要注意信号词与考点的密切相关性，从而迅速找准答案。这里出现了in essence(实质上)，起了一定的强调作用，迅速扫读后，发现同时出现了题目关键词sociobiology, 破折号后面的介词to表目的，与题目中的the general aim of一致对应。

六、最高级、比较级

例词：–est, most, best, more, better, superior, inferior, preferable,exclusively, extremely...

考点：Making a rapid emotional assessment of the events of the moment is an extremely demanding job for the brain, animal or human. (C5, P44, Q24)

解析：题目中出现了最高级the most difficult tasks, 因此在原文中也应该相应的出现最高级。除了明显的the most, -est, 还有些单词本身也含有最高级的含义，比如extremely, exclusively, superficially, 文中的这个extremelydemanding对应的就是题目中的最高级，所以答案也确定。

七、因果关系词

例词：as, because, since, lead to, as a result, result in, consequently,therefore, thus, the caused of…

考点:Until recently, not much was known about the topic, and little help was available to teachers to deal with bullying. Perhaps as a consequence,schools would often deny the problem.(C6, P94, Q33)

解题：题目问的是学校否认问题反应了什么，就是这个现象的根本原因。因此原文中consequence就给解题提供了信息，根据consequence之前的一句话就可以将答案找到。

八、举例子和说明

例词：for example, for instance, that is to say, i.e., such as, including…

考点：Other substances were then introduced: including fillers, such as woodflour, asbestos or cotton… (C5, P39, Q5 流程图)

解析：我们看到such as后面是举例子，such as后面的例子可以作为定位词，woodflour, asbestos, cotton就是fillers的其中一种。Fillers在这里就是一个概括性的词语，常常是考点。

雅思阅读解题技巧：辨别正误题

辨别正误题型(True / false /not given)

该题型还涉及到：(not given / not mentioned)没有提到，有时还会出现下列提法accurate / inaccurat 精确/不精确;supported / contradicted 一致/不一致。 correct / incorrect 正确与不正确。辨别正误题型属于难度较大的题型。通常在阅读测试中的第三或第四部分出现。

在规定的时间内如不能完成某一组题，留出一分钟，用逻辑方法猜测答案做答。这一方法在回答辨别正误(True; false; not given)题型时很有效。逻辑猜题在IELTS测试中是答题的一个很关键的方法。事实上由于时间的限制，很多题是通过此方法求出的。

辨别正误题答题步骤：

1. 详细阅读并理解答题指引部分，确定答题方式。

2. 确切理解问句的含义，严格按照文章本身意思理解和推断，不要想当然。

3. 找出问句中的关键词语。

4. 利用关键词语在文章中确定答案位置。

5. 仔细查看文章中关键词语所在句子中的含义。必要时应查看关键词语所在句子前后句子的含义。认真区分false和not given，false与原文相反、相冲突;not give则不相冲突，但未提及。

6.可利用语法、词法判断答案所在相关句子的肯定与否定含义。

雅思阅读解题技巧：段落标题题

Paragraph headings(段落标题)最频繁的题型之一

在阅读文章的后面给出list of headings,一般是10个左右选项，其中含一到两个段落及其标题的例子。要求对题目中给出的段落，根据其内容找出与其相匹配的段落标题。尽管题目说明中提示一个选项可能会适用多个，但正式考试中一般一个选项只能用于一个段落。

段落标题类答题步骤：

1. 首先在list of headings中划去做为例子的heading 或headings，以免在根据段落内容在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题时，它(它们)会干扰考试者对其他headings的选择。

2. 在文章中把做为例子的段落划掉，以免对例子段落进行不必要的精读。

3. 对题目中给出的段落，按照首句(第一、二句)、末句和中间句寻找主题句的方法，在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题。

4. 如果时间允许，按照文章的段落顺序，对非题目中给出的段落及例子段落进行快速阅读，而对题目中给出并要求找出与其相匹配的段落标题的段落进行精读。找出其中心意思后，再在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题。

5. 选出几个可能匹配的题目进行比较(通常两至三个)，当然其中只能有一个为正确答案。

6. 对于第一种匹配题型可以将最难的题留在最后进行匹配，不要在较难的题上花费更多的时间，而应选择较易回答的题目进行匹配，最后所剩即为该难题的答案。

7. 要仔细检察答案，特别是第一题型，因为答错一题，就意味着答错两道题。

雅思阅读解题技巧：多重选择题

多重选择题型 (maltiple-choice tasks)

IELTS阅读测试中多重选择题型与toefl测试中的多重选择题型虽然类似，但实质上差别很大。ielt阅读测试中的多重选择题型更多侧重于对文章的理解，而非强调语法、词法的运用。

多重选择题答题步骤：

1. 详细阅读答题指引，尽量找出相关答题信息。

2. 按所给问题顺序答题。

3. 首先剔出例句答案所在部分，紧随其后从上至下开始答题。

4. 在问句中找出关键词语。

5. 在所给选择答案中找出关键词语。

6. 依次将问句及选择答案中的关键词语与文章中的相关词语进行匹配。

7. 依据三点相符原则确定答案，既如果在匹配过程中找出三个逻辑上相同点既可确信答案正确无疑;两点相同，准确率也应在80%以上;一点相同，就须根据语法知识及相关信息加以判断。但有些题只需一点或两点相同即可找出答案。

注意多重选择题型下列情况：

1. all of the above. (上述全部)

2. either a. or b. or c. or above. (或者上面的a.或b.或c.)

3. it depends on. (视 …… 而定)

如果出现上述三种情况，就要对所有的选择答案进行分析对比。

IELTS阅读考试中常常以混合题形式出现，不能单单以一种答题方法进行答题，要掌握各种题型的答题要领，具体运用到组合题中。上面八种题型的答题步骤只能作为答题时的参考，考生在实际考试过程中可根据具体情况灵活运用。

篇3：雅思阅读技巧总结之快速定位

雅思阅读技巧总结之快速定位

如何选取雅思阅读定位词?

首先，选取定位词需要遵循一个总的原则，即——以名词为主。

在此提醒烤鸭们不要忘记了雅思阅读考试的核心是同义替换，从考试核心出发，名词在各类词性中意思相对唯一且明确，也因此不容易出现替换，所以在选取定位词的过程中，首先需要寻找的便是名词。

当然这并不表示所有的名词都可以用作定位词。我们首先选取名词作为定位词的原因是其意思相对唯一明确，不易替换，但是名词中有一类是不符合这个特点的——抽象名词。

抽象名词可以举出很多例子，诸如 reason，idea，definition… 我们以definition 为例，definition 的意思是“定义，解释”，一篇文章中可能会出现对多个专家学者对某一特定现象的解释或阐释，那么在这篇文章中，每一个学者说过的话，都是一个“definition”，如此一来，如果我们选择某一题目中的“definition”作为定位词，那么该题目便无法对应到文章中的具体部分，显然就无法进一步解答了。

因此，在定位词的选取上，我们要遵循名词为主的总原则，但是要排除掉名词中的抽象名词一类。

寻找特殊词

在以名词为主的总原则下，我们要进一步睁大我们的眼睛，去发现题目中的“特殊词”。那么何为“特殊词”?常见的“特殊词”又有哪些?

(1)以大写、斜体形式出现的词

雅思阅读中会有字体上的差异，大多数情况下，如果我们在题目中读到了以大写或是斜体形式出现的单词，这些词因其“外形”上的与众不同，值得我们格外留意，一般来讲，这类词是适合选择的定位词。

(2)数字

众所周知，英文里的数字相对来讲拼写繁琐，所以大多数情况下，阅读中出现的数字都是以阿拉伯数字形式出现的，包括百分数、分数等等，也因此数字在大多数情况下在一堆英文字母里就显得格外突出啦!所以，一般来讲，数字同样也是适合选作定位的“特殊词”之一。

(3)时间

雅思阅读中涉及到的时间非常多，大到世纪，小到分秒。时间同样是一类适合选择作为定位词的“特殊词”。时间的特性之一便是其唯一性，而这恰恰符合我们选择定位词的要求，诸如 1985、二十世纪等都是唯一且确定的时间，同样容易发现，且不易替换。更不用说年份这类词尝尝是以阿拉伯数字形式出现的，就更加显眼了!

(4)人名

学术类阅读中常常涉及各类专家、学者，因此人名同样是出镜频率较高的一类“特殊词”。人名出现需要大写，且拼写方式明显与其他词不同，烤鸭们最头疼的替换问题更是完全不需要担心!因此，一般情况下，人名同样是题目中适合作为定位词的“特殊词”。

雅思阅读定位特殊词的特殊情况

首先看题目中有无“特殊词”的原因是其显眼好找，且不易替换的特性。“不易替换”

当然不等于“不会替换”，考官们在“特殊词”上，也会想尽办法，企图难倒众烤鸭们。

例如数字上容易出现特殊情况的百分数。《剑桥雅思 7》Test 2 Passage 3 的第 34题：

“The survey concluded that one-fifth or 20% of the household transport requirement as outside the local area.”中选择“20%”作为定位词，而回到文章中却根本没有发现 20% 这个数字，实际上就是考官耍了一个小trick，20% outside 在文章中变成了 80% within。

所以，当用百分数 X 作为定位词没有找到对应时，我们要去寻找 1-X。

遇到雅思阅读定位词没有特殊词怎么办?

要始终坚信，考官是冷酷无情的!他们是不会轻易放过烤鸭们的，所以大多数情况下，只有少部分题目中会出现上述容易定位的“特殊词”。在没有“特殊词”的情况下，我们需要选择普通词作为主要定位词。

首先，普通词定位同样是建立在词性原则基础上的，即以名词为主。

其次，我们在选取普通定位词的时候，重点是关注一道题目中的主语名词和宾语名词。

一般情况下，我们以主语名词为主，宾语名词为辅。原因在于主语名词中的“主”字，其重要性已经不言而喻，所以一道没有“特殊词”的题目，我们首先应当关注主语名词。

但是，当宾语名词与主语名词相比，宾语名词是一个更加不熟悉、不常见，甚至完全不认识的词时，宾语名词就一跃成为了主要定位词。原因有两点：

(1)该词在文章中的对应性很强，有可能仅在此文中出现并进行专门讨论。

(2)该词本身就是一个专有名词，那么该词就从一个所谓的“普通词”变成了不易，甚至是无法替换的“特殊词”。

例如，剑 7 Test 1 Passage 2 中第 22 题：

“Feeding increasing populations is possible due primarily to improved irrigation systems.”中的“irrigation systems”，即灌溉系统一词，大多数烤鸭初看该词并不知道其准确意思，但是它属于要以宾语名词为主的情况，且本身就是一个专有名词，文中该词也是以原词形式出现的。

同样的情况也适用于第 26 题：

“In the future, governments should maintain ownership of water infrastructures.”的“infrastructures”一词。

所以，当没有“特殊词”，而只能选用普通词定位时，我们需要将题目中的主语名词和宾语名词选出并比较，一般情况下以主语名词为主，宾语名词为辅;当宾语名词更加不熟悉、不常见，甚至完全不认识时，以宾语名词为主要定位词。同时需要提出的是，普通词定位大概率会出现同义替换，要想做到精确定位，除了掌握好定位原则之外，还需要在同义词上多下功夫!

雅思阅读的正确答题顺序：顺序原则

什么是“顺序原则”?即雅思官方在题型特点注释中所述的“Answers are in passage order.”若某题型符合这一描述，考生可以顺着题号一题一题地往文章更靠后的位置找答案。

顺序原则与题型：宏观地看一篇雅思阅读文章包涵的全部题型，答案分布的顺序也符合题型出现的先后顺序，例如全文包含先判断题，后填空题这两种题型，则较有可能出现的情况是判断题答案分布在文章的前半部分，而填空题在文章后半部分。例如: 剑桥雅思真题集系列7，Test 4 Passage 1: 前7题判断题分布于前6个段落，剩下的段落填空题分布于第9段，和前面7段无关。

接下来说说哪些题型符合“Answers are in passage order”(我们把题型总体分成四大类：判断、选择、填空和配对)

1.判断题，包括identifying information(TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN)和identifying writer’s views(YES/NO/NOT GIVEN)均严格符合“顺序原则”。

2.选择题。四选一的单选题符合顺序原则，而多选题则无所谓顺序原则，所选答案在list中的位置可能与它们在文章中出现的先后顺序不吻合，但是这种题型在答题卷上以任何顺序写出所选答案都可以。

3.填空题，(在此我们把所有要填单词作答的题型全部归为填空题)，除段落概括填空(summary completion)以外，简答题(short answer questions)、句子填空(sentence completion)、表格填空(table completion)、笔记填空(notes completion)、流程图填空(flow-chart completion)和示意图填空(diagram labeling)均符合“顺序原则”。针对段落概括填空，我们可以默认它也为顺序原则，但需要做好个别答案乱序的心理准备(例如C7T4P1(Ant Intelligence)、C8T2P2(The Little Ice Age)

4.配对题。字面理解，“配对”即把混乱的项与相应部分对应起来，因此配对题很自然就是乱序的，包括段落标题配对(matching headings)、段落信息配对(matching information)、人名与陈述配对(matching people to statements)和事件与时间段配对(matching events to time periods)等。

雅思阅读答题注意事项

需要注意的是，顺序原则仅适用于同一题型内，若跨越了题型，就不一定了。例如：剑桥雅思C9T1Q18-26，18题至20题为short answer questions，21题至26题为identifying writer’s views，两种题型均符合顺序原则，但是20题的答案在文章的相应位置并不一定出现在21题答案的相应位置之前。

雅思阅读解题指导方针

最后来说说雅思阅读做题顺序原则和解题过程的关系。两者的关系主要体现在前者对如何读题干的影响。对于遵守顺序题型的题型，考生在审阅题干时候可以选择审一题解一题的做法，因为相关内容在文中按顺序出现，这样做考生也会感到循序渐进，脉络清楚。当然，选择在一开始讲该题型的每个题干都审阅一遍也未尝不可，可先完成较容易定位的题目，再活用顺序原则，缩小较难定位题目所需的搜索范围。对于乱序题型，特别是段落信息配对题，考生须在文中搜索答案之前审阅全部题干，因为信息在文中的分布为乱序，所以第1题的信息有可能出现在比如，倒数第二段，而我们的阅读顺序，如前文所述，肯定是从头段至尾段的。

雅思阅读模拟题：经济进化论

Economic Evolution

A Living along the Orinoco River that borders Brazil and Venezuela are the Yanomam people, hunter-gatherers whose average annual income has been estimated at the equivalent of $90 per person per year. Living along the Hudson River that borders New York State and New Jersey are the Manhattan people, consumer traders whose average annual income has been estimated at $36,000 per person per year. That dramatic difference of 400 times, however, pales in comparison to the differences in Stock Keeping Units (SKUs, a measure of the number of types of retail products available), which has been estimated at 300 for the Yanomam and 10 billion for the Manhattans, a difference of 33 million times.

B How did this happen? According to economist Eric D. Beinhocker, who published these calculations in his revelatory work The Origin of Wealth (Harvard Business School Press, ), the explanation is to be found in complexity theory. Evolution and economics are not just analogous to each other, but they are actually two forms of a larger phenomenon called complex adaptive systems, in which individual elements, parts or agents interact, then process information and adapt their behavior to changing conditions. Immune systems, ecosystems, language, the law and the Internet are all examples of complex adaptive systems.

C In biological evolution, nature selects from the variation produced by random genetic mutations and the mixing of parental genes. Out of that process of cumulative selection emerges complexity and diversity. In economic evolution, our material economy proceeds through the production and selection of numerous permutations of countless products. Those 10 billion products in the Manhattan village represent only those variations that made it to market, after which there is a cumulative selection by consumers in the marketplace for those deemed most useful:VHS over Betamax, DVDs over VHS, CDs over vinyl records, flip phones over brick phones, computers over typewriters, Google over Altavista, SUVs over station wagons, paper books over e-books (still), and Internet news over network news (soon).Those that are purchased “survive” and “reproduce” into the future through repetitive use and remanufacturing.

D As with living organisms and ecosystems, the economy looks designed—so just as humans naturally deduce the existence of a top-down intelligent designer, humans also (understandably) infer that a top-down government designer is needed in nearly every aspect of the economy. But just as living organisms are shaped from the bottom up by natural selection, the economy is molded from the bottom up by the invisible hand. The correspondence between evolution and economics is not perfect, because some top-down institutional rules and laws are needed to provide a structure within which free and fair trade can occur. But too much top-down interference into the marketplace makes trade neither free nor fair. When such attempts have been made in the past they have failed—because markets are far too complex, interactive and autocatalytic to be designed from the top down. In his 1922 book, Socialism, Ludwig Von Mises spelled out the reasons why, most notably the problem of “economic calculation” in a planned socialist economy. In capitalism, prices are in constant and rapid flux and are determined from below by individuals freely exchanging in the marketplace. Money is a means of exchange, and prices are the information people use to guide their choices. Von Mises demonstrated that socialist economies depend on capitalist economies to determine what prices should be assigned to goods and services. And they do so cumbersomely and inefficiently. Relatively free markets are, ultimately, the only way to find out what buyers are willing to pay and what sellers are willing to accept.

E Economics helps to explain how Yanomam-like hunter-gatherers evolved into Manhattan-like consumer-traders. In the Nineteenth century French economist Frederic Bastiat well captured the principle: “Where goods do not cross frontiers, armies will.“ In addition to being fierce warriors, the Yanomam are also sophisticated traders, and the more they trade the less they fight. The reason is that trade is a powerful social adhesive that creates political alliances. One village cannot go to another village and announce that they are worried about being conquered by a third, more powerful village—that would reveal weakness. Instead they mask the real motives for alliance through trade and reciprocal feasting. And, as a result, not only gain military protection but also initiate a system of trade that—in the long run—leads to an increase in both wealth and SKUs.

F Free and fair trade occurs in societies where most individuals interact in ways that provide mutual benefit. The necessary rules weren't generated by wise men in a sacred temple, or lawmakers in congress, but rather evolved over generations and were widely accepted and practiced before the law was ever written. Laws that fail this test are ignored. If enforcement becomes too onerous, there is rebellion. Yet the concept that human interaction must, and can be controlled by a higher force is universal. Interestingly, there is no widespread agreement on who the ”higher force“ is. Religious people ascribe good behavior to god's law. They cannot conceive of an orderly society of atheists. Secular people credit the government. They consider anarchy to be synonymous with barbarity. Everyone seems to agree on the concept that orderly society requires an omnipotent force. Yet, everywhere there is evidence that this is not so. An important distinction between spontaneous social order and social anarchy is that the former is developed by work and investment, under the rule of law and with a set of evolved morals while the latter is chaos. The classical liberal tradition of von Mises and Hayek never makes the claim that the complete absence of top-down rules leads to the optimal social order. It simply says we should be skeptical about our ability to manage them in the name of social justice, equality, or progress.

Questions 1-5

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

In boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement is true

FALSE if the statement if false

NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage

SKUs is a more precise measurement to demonstrate the economic level of a community.

No concrete examples are presented when the author makes the statement concerning economic evolution.

Evolution and economics show a defective homolog.

Martial actions might be taken to cross the borders if trades do not work.

Profit is the invisible hand to guide the market.

Questions 6-8

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

Write your answers in boxes 6-8 on your answer sheet.

6 What ought to play a vital role in each field the economy?

A a strict rule

B a smart strategy

C a tightly managed authority

D a powerful legislation

7-8 Which two of the following tools are used to pretend to ask for union according to one explanation from the perspective of economics

A an official announcement

B a diplomatic event

C the exchange of goods

D certain written correspondence

E some enjoyable treatment in a win-win situation

Questions 9-13

Summary

Complete the following summary of the paragraphs of Reading Passage, using no more than three words from the Reading Passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 9-13 on your answer sheet.

In response to the search of reasons for the phenomenon shown by the huge difference in the income between two groups of people both dwelling near the rivers, several researchers made their effort and gave certain explanations. One attributes 9 to the interesting change claiming that it is not as simple as it seems to be in appearance that the relationship between 10 which is a good example of 11 , which involve in the interaction of separate factors for the processing of information as well as the behavioral adaptation to unstable conditions. As far as the biological transformation is concerned, both 12 and the blend of genes from the last generation bring about the difference. The economic counterpart shows how generating and choosing the 13 of innumerable goods moves forward the material-oriented economy.

篇4：雅思快速定位雅思阅读主题句方法

快速定位雅思阅读主题句方法

首先，在雅思阅读中，我们常见的主题句一般都会出现在一段话的开头。通常，雅思A类阅读考试中的文章都是属于学术类的，按照西方传统的学术文章书写习惯，都喜欢把自己的观点放在段落的第一句话，然后接下来解释和说明。因此，常常第一句话就是这段内容的主旨，也就是我们常见的主题句，可以看到下面的例子。

As a child grows up, he learns how to behave in ways that is appropriate to the society into which he is born. That is to say, he acquires the patterns of behavior that are accepted as normal in his society. This process of social learning is generally referred to as socialization. By socialization, then, we mean the process whereby individuals learn the rules, values and practices of the society in which they live.

从上面例子我们可以发现，很明显主题句就在第一段，判断的理由就是“That is to say”.意思就是对上一句话的解释，然后接下来的几句话很明显看得出来是递进的解释关系。所以当考生面对这种段落，可以优先看完第一段。

其次，在定位雅思阅读段落主题方法中，第二句也会成为主题句。但是这种情况要看看第一句话是什么样的形式。当第一句话是问句，过渡句，或者转折句的时候，很多时候第二句就是主题句。其实这个也类似于句子在首段这个方法。因为像问句，过渡句，转折句等作用就是进一步强调下一句作者的观点，类似于语文写作中的先抑后扬的手法。因此，这时候第二句就成为了主题句。我们可以通过下面的例子说明一下：

What then makes people left-handed if it is not simply genetic? Other factors must be at work and researchers have turned to the brain for clues. In the 1860s the French surgeon and anthropologist, Dr Paul Broca, made the remarkable finding that patients who had lost their powers of speech as a result of a stroke (a blood clot in the brain) had paralysis of the right half of their body.

我们先看看第一句的意思，大概讲的就是除了基因让人使用左手，还有什么因素导致?从翻译可以显然得知不是主题句。再从第二句的意思可以得知大脑也对使用左手也产生了作用。因此考生可以很明显的发现，问句后面的第二句就是主题句。就是作者在这段想解释还有什么因素导致人使用左手。

最后，雅思阅读主题句的位置会出现在结尾。这个相比上述的两个方法，会更难一些。因为需要读完一整段才能知道主题句在哪儿，这时候考生会很容易找错主题句，误解段落的中心思想。这时候考生需要找到一些归纳总结的词汇，进行快速定位。例如：Consequently / Accordingly / As a result等。或者会出现一些归纳性质的词组和短句，例如：the study / the investigation / the analysis / the evidences show。

这些词组的意思的总体表达的就是对上文进行总结和观点说明。这时候考生可以很容易发现主题句的位置。我们可以看看下面的例子：

The only species which demonstrated near normal productivity was Cassin’s Auklet, in which the value for exceeded the long-term mean by 16 percent. However, given that very few Cassin’s Auklets attempted to breed, island-wide offspring production was extremely low. In short, these observations were quite similar, with slight variations, to observations made on the Farallon seabird community in other severe E1 Nino years.

上述的例子很容易让考生产生误会，因为看到“demonstrated(证明)”就认为这句话是作者观点的表明。然而考生很容易忽视前面由which引导的定语从句，是单纯修饰前面的单词，并不是作者观点的表达。这时候我们在接下来看句子，会发现“In short, these observations were”这个词组。很显然这个的意思等于“all in all”，就是我们常说的归纳性质的词组。因此可以发现后面一段话才是整个段落的主题句。

雅思阅读材料：年纪越大越觉时光飞逝

As you get older, it feels like time tends to move faster. As Dan Ariely explains over at The Wall Street Journal, we tend to fall into familiar routines as we age and that makes time move quickly.

虽然你年纪越来越大，时间似乎也越走越快。就像作者丹·艾瑞里在《华尔街日报》撰文解释的一样：我们的岁数越是增长，生活就越倾向于变得一成不变。所以，时间过得更快了。

We perceive time something like a stack of memories, so the less new experiences you have, the less likely you are to fill in those memories with interesting things.

我们感知中的时间就像是回忆的堆叠。所以新鲜的经历越少，你就越不可能在那些回忆中填满有趣的事情。

Time does go by (or, more accurately, it feels as if time is going by) more quickly the older we get.

我们越长大，时间确实会过得越快(或者更准确地说，我们确实会感觉时间过得越快)。

In the first few years of our lives, anything we sense or do is brand new, and many of our experiences are unique, so they remain firmly in our memories. But as the years go by, we encounter fewer and fewer new experiences—both because we have already accomplished a lot and because we become slaves to our daily routines.

在我们人生的最初几年里，我们感觉到的一切，所做的一切都是全新的。而且，我们的许多经历都很独特，独特到足以牢牢留在我们的记忆中。但是随着时间的流逝，我们能遇到的全新经历越来越少了。这是由于我们不仅已经完成了许多事情，而且已经习惯于像奴隶般遵守自己的生活习惯。

For example, try to remember what happened to you every day last week，chances are that nothing extraordinary happened, so you will be hard-pressed to recall the specific things you did on Monday, Tuesday, etc.

举例来说，请你努力回想一下上周每天你都做了些什么事情。什么特别的事情也没有发生的概率很大，所以你会觉得回忆自己在周一、周二等日子里具体做了哪些事情非常困难。

What can we do about this? Maybe we need some new app that will encourage us to try out new experiences, point out things we've never done, recommend dishes we've never tasted and suggest places we've never been. Such an app could make our lives more varied, prod us to try new things, slow down the passage of time and increase our happiness.

对此，我们该怎么办呢?或许我们需要一些新的应用来鼓励我们尝试新经历、指出我们还没做过的事情、给我们推荐没有尝试过的菜和没有去过的地方。这样的应用可以让我们的生活更加丰富，刺激我们去尝试新鲜的事物，让时光放慢脚步并且让我们更加快乐。

Until such an app arrives, try to do at least one new thing every week.It's not too difficult to push yourself to do new things.

在这种应用被发明出来以前，每周至少尝试一件新的事物吧。逼自己去尝试新事物并不是一件非常困难的事情!

雅思阅读材料：阿里巴巴宣布启动在美IPO

Alibaba Group Holding Ltd, China's largest e-commerce vendor, has officially confirmed it will hold an initial public offering in the United States, the company has announced.

The decision will ”make [Alibaba] a more global company and enhance the company’s transparency, as well as allow the company to continue to pursue our long-term vision and ideals,“ according to a company statement sent on Sunday to China Daily.

It did not specify which bourse it will choose to float its shares, or give a detailed timetable.

Alibaba said that, should circumstances permit in the future, it will work towards toward extending its public status in China’s capital market in order to share its growth with the Chinese people.

The company also expressed gratitude towards those in Hong Kong who have supported Alibaba Group, including the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, which shut the door on a potential listing last September.

”We respect the viewpoints and policies of Hong Kong and will continue to pay close attention to and support the process of innovation and development of Hong Kong,“ the statement added.

Hong Kong regulators rejected Alibaba's IPO because of the firm's special request to keep a shareholder structure which would have allowed a group of top managers and founders to nominate and control the company's board of directors.

The unique requirement went against the exchange's one-share-one-vote principle.

The statement puts an end to rampant rumors about Alibaba’s choice of listing venue.

For example, the firm's recent purchase of a stake in a Hong Kong-listed company prompted speculation that Alibaba might use the deal to go public.

Analysts polled by Reuters have put Alibaba's market value at around $140 billion and the value of the IPO at $15 billion. If successful, it will go public in the world's biggest listing since Facebook Inc's debut in .

The announcement came just two days after micro-blogging service Sina Weibo filed to raise $500 million via a US IPO. Alibaba holds 18 percent of Sina Weibo's shares.

阿里巴巴集团16日宣布，启动在美国的上市事宜。

阿里巴巴集团表示，启动在美IPO为使公司更加透明、国际化，进一步实现阿里巴巴的长期愿景和理想。

作为中国的电子商务集团，自旗下子公司于私有化以来，阿里巴巴集团谋求整体IPO的举动一直备受关注。

此前有机构预计，阿里巴巴上市有可能成为美国近年来规模的IPO，估值在千亿美元左右。

去年10月，阿里巴巴集团曾公开回应关于其IPO的热议，集团CEO陆兆禧当时宣布，阿里巴巴决定不选择在香港上市。

以下为阿里巴巴公告全文：

阿里巴巴今天决定启动在美国的上市事宜，以使公司更加透明、国际化，进一步实现阿里巴巴的长期愿景和理想。未来条件允许，我们将积极参与回归国内资本市场，与国内投资者共同分享公司的成长。

感谢香港各界人士对阿里巴巴的关心和支持。我们尊重香港现时的相关政策和出发点，并将会一如既往地关注、参与并支持香港的创新和发展。

雅思

篇5：托福阅读快速定位答案关键词

“绊马索”：细节题考查精确定位，

托福阅读中的细节题其实不难，但前提是定位的点要对，比如下面这个例题：

Two species of deer have been prevalent in the Puget Sound area of Washington State in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. The black-tailed deer， a lowland， west-side cousin of the mule deer of eastern Washington， is now the most common. The other species， the Columbian white-tailed deer， in earlier times was common in the open prairie country， it is now restricted to the low， marshy islands and flood plains along the lower Columbia River.

According to paragraph 1， which of the following is true of the white-tailed deer of Puget Sound-

A. It is native to lowlands and marshes.

B. It is more closely related to the mule deer of eastern Washington than to other types of deer.

C. It has replaced the black-tailed deer in the open prairie.

D. It no longer lives in a particular type of habitat that it once occupied.

这是一个典型的细节题，在该题题干中，有的考生会选择Puget Sound作为关键词回原文定位，因为它是专有名词，在文中会比较显眼。但是如果一旦选择了这个地名，势必会定位在该段的第一句话，托福细节题往往是定位在哪句就在哪句找答案，这样的话考生是选不出正确答案的，因为定位不精确。其实正确的关键词应该是white-tailed deer，这个用连字符连接的词在文章中也是比较醒目的，按该词定位应是该段最后一句话。所以根据它的意思应该选D项。其中A项与原句意思不符，B和C都与定位句信息无关。我们再来看另外一个否定事实细节题的例子：

Plant communities assemble themselves flexibly， and their structure depends on the particular history of the area. Ecologists use the term “succession” to refer to the changes that happen in plant communities and ecosystems over time. The first community in a succession is called a pioneer community， while the long-lived community at the end of succession is called a climax community. Pioneer and successional plant communities are said to change over periods from 1 to 500 years. These changes—in plant numbers and the mix of species—are cumulative. Climax communities themselves change but over periods of time greater than about 500 years.

According to paragraph 1， which of the following is NOT true of climax communities-

A. They occur at the end of a succession.

B. They last longer than any other type of community.

C. The numbers of plants in them and the mix of species do not change

D. They remain stable for at least 500 years at a time.

这个题大家都会选择用climax communities去定位，但在定位过程中会出现很多问题，

资料

首先考生要学会跳跃式定位，即根据文章中特殊的标点符号以及最醒目的词来搜索我们真正需要的关键词。文中的particular是加了阴影的，succession是在引号里面的，都非常醒目，通过看这两个词我们会发现它们附近没有我们需要的东西;再比较突出的就是数字及破折号，在500的上方有a climax community，但它是单数，与题干关键词不完全匹配，细节题讲究的是精确定位，所以我们应该选择500斜下方的Climax communities，即该段的最后一句话。否定事实细节题的出题思路有两种：一是无中生有，即根据定位点的内容，四个选项只有一个没有提到，这种思路多适用于选项比较简短的题目;二是张冠李戴，即根据定位点的内容表述，只有一个选项与之矛盾，这种思路多适应于选项比较长的题目。就这个例题而言，根据定位的最后一句话，从表述上来说跟它相关的只有C和D两个选项，D项的意思与原句相符，而C项与原句矛盾，所以正确答案是C。综上所述，做新托福阅读的细节题，最重要的一点就是要尽量地去精确定位。

篇6：雅思阅读关键词定位

雅思阅读关键词定位

雅思阅读关键词定位真相1：心态紧张，视线模糊

烤鸭心理太紧张了，一味的追求速度，心理想着：快快快!我要比火箭快!于是，紧张的心理，模糊了视线，于是在考场上，阅读的文章，变成了介样：

烤鸭萌，你一紧张，阅读文章变成了介样，请问你怎么可能定位得粗来呢?所以，做阅读第一步，心态调整好，别那么紧张，阅读的速度其实，不用那么快的!刚开始定位第一题时可以稍稍慢点，没关系，或者看第一组题目，如果有好定位的题(出现特殊关键词)，可以优先定位好定位的题，然后再结合题文同序的原则定位。

在原词出现的情况下，特殊词定位，这一步一定要快且准确，快速锁定出题点，特殊词定位必须全拿下;

2)没有特殊词，名词定位，用有‘新意’的名词定位(具体课上会解释)。名词定位，如果长难句处理能力强的同学，去定位时：首先结合题文同序的原则，大致圈定出题点后，每个句子快速扫主语和宾语，因为主语和宾语基本都是名词，可以快速找到;如果烤鸭本身句子结构和成分掌握得不好的，那就‘硬扫’，把眼睛当成扫描仪，确保每个单词都看到，但是不用用脑去想每个单词的意思，直到快速扫到这个词为止。

雅思阅读关键词定位真相2：定位信息不要只停留在题目上，预测原文也可以定位

考试中一定有些题目，是烤鸭看到之后不知道怎么定位的，因为这样的题目，关键词太难画了。如下例：

例：What is the smallest species of Bovid called?

学生看到介个题目，内心是奔溃的。怎么定位呢?Bovid是文章主题词，文章多次重复出现，不具备定位的价值。找smallest species,文中压根木有出现啊。怎么定位呢?这个时候，其实可以预测答案和原文的形式，来定位。谈到一个物种的大小，要么就是说高度，要么就是说重量，是不是?所以，结合题文同序的原则，去文中快速锁定出现讲身高或是体重的地方，快速定位，预测一下看是不是出题点。文中符合这个特点的原文是：

This diversity of habitat is also matched by great diversity in size and form: at one extreme is the royal antelope of west Africa, which stands a mere 25 cm at the shoulder; at the other, the massively built bisons of North America and Europe, growing to a shoulder height of 2.2m.(答案：royal antelope)

所以，烤鸭们，请记住通过预测答案在文中的信息和表现方式，也是可以定位的哦。

雅思阅读关键词定位真相3：定位不光是找某个词，学霸们的定位其实是在快速扫读原文

为什么要扫读原文?我刚刚讲过，考试时，关键词原词出现的题数大约是25-30题，看人品决定。原词出现的，你硬扫也要扫到关键词哦。但是，文中可能不只一个地方出现了关键词，所以要快速扫读出现了关键词的地方，快速提主干，理解大意，通过意思来确定是否是出题点。这就是我强调的，为什么题目要先读懂，再画关键词去定位，因为要通过意思才能确定是否是出题点，这是扫读的原因之一。

原因之二，考官在设置题目的时候，会划分难度，以来选拔不同程度的学生。所以，大约有10道题左右的题目，很难找到一样的关键词，只能通过意思，识别同义替换来定位。当然，这样的题目在定位时还是要结合题文同序的原则，先大概锁定出题点的大概段落，再去快速扫读句子，弄清大意，通过意思，通过识别同义替换来定位。雅思阅读中的同义替换也有几种情况，烤鸭们心里也需要门清的，阅读考试中，同义替换的有以下几种形式：

同义词组/近义词组互换

词性互转(如loss-lost, confidence-confident)

抽象具体/上下义词的同义替换(如fire fighting tools-- fire engine, helicopter等)

类似summary的高度总结和概括

(以上内容，请具体参阅‘雅思语言’那篇文章)

雅思阅读关键词定位最大真相：定位不到，其实就是实力有待提高，踏踏实实，提升实力

实力提升，需要词汇+长难句，有一定的词汇基础之后，更重要的是提升句子结构处理的能力，快速处理长难句的能力，并且看句子时，不要只是停留在英文的表面，要理解!理解!理解!理解就是反应出中文意思来。

烤鸭们，“路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索”。目光和志向定得长远些，不要想着，我今天学习，明天就要出成绩出结果。要想想，如果坚持学习，1个月后，3个月后，1年后的你会是什么样!加油!

雅思阅读模拟试题

This reading test contains 14 questions. You should spend about 20 minutes

on this task.

To make it more authentic, download the test and do it with pen and

paper.

Read the passage below and answer 14 questions.

Bird Body Language

Birds are becoming popular as pets, but unlike with more common pets,

owners of birds are often not familiar with the behavioural patterns of the

animal which allow them to recognise what the pet needs and wants. For example,

most of us can recognise the behaviour a dog exhibits when he is hungry or wants

attention, but how many of us know how birds go about showing the same feelings?

By learning about the behavioural patterns of birds, its owner can forge a

stronger relationship with his pet. Owners can learn how to read bird body

language, including movements of the eyes, wings, tail and beak. In addition,

the sounds the bird makes can also indicate the mood, desires, and requirements

of the pet.

A bird’s eyes are different from a human’s. While both birds and humans

have pupils and irises (the black and coloured parts respectively), birds have

the ability to control the size of their pupils by enlarging and reducing their

irises quickly. This behaviour, flashing, is something birds may do when they

are angry, interested, or frightened.

A bird also communicates through the use of their wings. A bird may lift or

open his wings as a sign of happiness. But if the bird starts opening and

closing their wings, it may signal anger or pain. If a bird fails to fold its

wings against its body, and instead lets them hang by their side, the bird may

be ill. Healthy adult birds will typically tuck their wings against their bodies

when they are at rest.

D Birds often use their tail feathers to communicate, so an understanding

of this behaviour will help the pet’s owner. A bird may move his tail from side

to side, called wagging, to express happiness (similar to dogs in behaviour and

meaning). Happiness is also the emotion expressed by other kinds of tail

movement, such as up and down. However, if a bird fans his tail feathers out, it

is usually a way to show anger or aggression.

While the bird’s beak is used mainly for eating and grooming, a bird may

also communicate by using beak movements. For example, a bird may click his beak

once as a greeting, and several clicks can be taken as a warning. Birds may

sometimes bite, but it is often difficult to determine the reason behind it –

birds bite as a way to defend territory, show anger or express fear.

Finally, the sounds a bird makes are very important in communication. Birds

use vocalisations to communicate with each other (and with their owners).

Singing is the sign of a happy bird, and many birds love to sing when others are

around. Birds may also purr, though this is not the same as a cat's purr. A

bird's purr sounds more like a low growl, and may indicate annoyance. Finally, a

bird may click his tongue against his beak, and this often indicates a desire to

be picked up and petted.

Questions

Complete the summary below.

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

Part of the body

Eyes

Wings

Tail

Beak

Movement

Rapid change ____(1)____ size of pupils, called ____(2)____

Wings in an ____(3)____ position

____(4)____ of wings

Wings ____(5)____

____(7)____ in any direction

Fanning out

One click

Several clicks Reason

Anger, interest

Contentment

Anger or pain

____(6)____

Happiness

Aggression

____(8)____

Warning

The Reading Passage has six paragraphs, A-F.

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter A-F in boxes 9-14 on your answer sheet.NB You may

use any letter more than once.

9) Mentions behaviour connected to a bird’s state of health

10) Describes how birds say hello

11) Compares the behaviour of two different pets

12) Compares humans and birds

13) Discusses the importance of learning about bird behaviour

14) Describes how birds indicate they want physical contact

参考答案

Answers

1) in

2) flashing

3) open

4) movement

5) hanging down / at side

6) illness

7) wagging / movement

8) greeting

9) C

10) E

11) D/F

12) B

13) A

14) F

篇7：雅思怎样快速阅读

雅思怎样快速阅读

(1)在雅思阅读的文章审理的时候，我们留意bai要使用印刷细节(typographical

details)，如书或文章的标题、副标题、小标题、斜体词、黑体词、脚注、标点符号等，对书和文章进行猜测快读，猜测快读要了解作者的写作思路、文章方法(形式)，以便把握粗心，有关的细节及其相互关系du。这样能够很快大体了解整个文章的行文zhi结构和思路的。每个人的情况不同，也可以登录文都国际教育官网进行一对一的咨询。

(2)以一般阅读速度(200～250wpm)，阅读文章最初的一、二段，力求捉住文章粗心、布景情况、作者的文章风格dao、口吻或语气等。

(3)快读的另一个关键点就是捉住阅读阶段的主题句和结论句。捉住主专题句就把握了阶段粗心，然后省略细节不读，以求得快读速度。

(4)我们在操练快读的时候要留意转机词和序列词。转机词如however, moreover, in

addition等;序列词firstly, secondly等。能够让你找到答案。

(5)在雅思阅读考试中如果能够的话，那就不要去阅读文章的细节，节省更多时刻去做其他标题或许核对答属案。

雅思高分技巧--如何快速提高阅读能力

学英语必须有一个目标

想要提高英语水平，必须要有一个目标。你的目标可以是要战胜雅思，看懂《经济学人》，或者是要和国外同学无障碍交流。

没有目标，就很容易迷茫，坚持不下去。没有目标，你就不知道自己差距还有多少。目标是一个参照物，让你知道自己在什么程度，距离目的地有多远。没有目标，你就会常年沉浸在《书虫》中，不去挑战更高难度的读物。

读过很多原著，为什么雅思水平还很糟糕?

我们总是很容易把英语看成一种很难的东西，实际上，并不是英语难，而是绝大部分的英语老师都太差劲，或者说，你用功的时间不够长，诸如每天背诵20个单词、永远读《书虫》之类的小说，这种学习方法是不可能学好英语的。

许多人“宣称”自己读了许多英语原著、读物，但是理解意思都是靠蒙，打开中文译文后，发现自己读的和作者写的根本不是一件事情，这种不考虑理解句子的结构、层级、修饰关系的阅读方法，就算读100本提高也只能收效甚微，原因是这种练习不是“阅读”，而是“脑洞大开”。

所谓的良好阅读能力，有几条最基本的法则：?阅读速度快?文字能进入大脑，合上书本后能够概述读过的内容(用来检验自己是否读进去了)?能精准地理解作者的意思，不脑洞大开

学雅思到底要不要背单词?

学雅思不用背单词，这是许多英语培训机构的广告语。同时，也是许多学习书籍的宣传语。事实上，单词是肯定要背的，不仅要背，还要大量的背，搭配着阅读材料来背。

背单词经常被人诟病的一点是，即是你背完单词书以后，并不能真正地理解单词之中的微妙意思，比如说“Finish”和“Complete”的区别都要放在阅读中才能感受到。但是，前提是你得先对这个词有基本的印象，才能谈对这个词产生更深刻的认识。你要先认识“狗，犬，汪”三个字，以后再考虑三个字之间的区别在哪里。对于中初级学习者来说，迅速提高词汇量比分辨近义词的差别更重要。

单词书(背单词软件)的好处是可以对你进行查漏补缺，帮你完成基本的词汇构造，徘徊在6000以下的词汇量量级，阅读原著是很吃力，只能一直读很简单的书，或者读得极其痛苦。只要你不是从小大量阅读英文，背单词就是必须的。

学习英语必须明白2个关键点，第一个是单词不背是绝对不行的，第二个是光背单词也是远远不够的。在实践第二点的时候，首先要先把第一点给学明白了。

怎么背单词才科学?

单词要怎么背?

一天背20个，一年后就有6000个单词了?这个简直是痴人说梦。因为你必须把遗忘的也算进去。单词必须遵循一个原则——多量多遍。第一次的时候，每天背100-200个，然后第二天忘记50%，然后还剩下50-100个，然后复习昨天学的，再继续背100-200个。一本单词书至少要刷3次以上。第二次背的时候，可以把单词的数量调整到一次200-300个，反复多次，你会发现自己背得越来越快。

背单词有几个注意事项：?不要在一个单词上消耗太多时间?要按照读音来记单词?在词汇量特别少的时候，不用太纠结拼写，先把量提高上去

对于初学者，词汇量非常少的童鞋，百词斩是一个比较好的选择，因为有图，感觉很立体;如果非初学，可以选择扇贝，上面可以任选各种单词书(有一些可能要花钱)。百词斩的优点是娱乐性强，但是词汇量不够完整;扇贝网则是非常无聊、例句也不太好，但是词很全(因为可以任选单词书)。我两个都背过，感觉都还不错。

单词是阅读的基础，这个是绝对没有错的。只有认识词，才能谈论文章脉络，理解意思，作者观点，阅读速度等等。号称不需要背单词的同学，应该去参加一次GRE考试……就知道自己是真的词太多，完全不需要背;还是自以为不需要背了……

长难句，必须克服的障碍!

从我个人的学习经验来说，想要提高阅读能力，就读你喜欢读的，或者你应该读的。喜欢看小说的就看去吧，马上要考试的就去读剑桥真题，想提高专业水平的就看著作。总之，任选一本。

阅读的时候脑子要思考，不断地问：作者在说什么?文章的走向是怎么样的?里面有哪一些核心内心?有什么样的情感?带着目的去阅读，而非无意识阅读。无意识阅读法，只能浪费时间。

然后，就要考虑一个问题，就是解决复杂句的问题。在读复杂句的时候，或者碰到不明白的句子的时候，脑子要分清楚主语、谓语、宾语之间的修饰关系。比如说这个It指代了谁?这句超级无敌长的复杂句里，主谓宾在哪里?修饰是放在前面还是后面了?读的时候可以不做语法分析，但是一定要弄明白每个单词在句子里所扮演的角色，以及它们之间所产生的关系。

清清楚楚地读明白30-50个长难句，比狼吞虎咽地读言情小说更能提高阅读能力。记住了，长难句是绝对绕不过去的一个坎，不要心存侥幸，现在就赶紧解决它吧。

学习能力差，是你学不好雅思的关键原因

提高阅读能力还有一个关键，即是千万不要总是跳过不懂的东西。学习的目的就是去解决完全不懂的问题，否则即使读再多的书，以前不会的地方依然不会。

一开始训练阅读的时候，不要为自己的阅读速度而感到焦虑，总想着往前看;或者沉浸在飞快跳读的快感之中。砍树不耽误磨刀，一句一句看懂总比瞎看更有效率。看似慢，但是这个方法才是真的快。

如果你的水平比较差，看不懂的句子要圈出来，把不认识的单词都查出来，然后再问自己，到底是哪里不明白?是看不懂从句，还是对某个介词有困惑?是分不清楚修饰关系，还是不清楚指代对象?要解决学习的问题，要先学会精准的提出问题——而不是，把句子往上面一扔，喊一句“就是不明白”，教你的人也是没有办法教的。

学习能力差也是体现在这样的事情上，只知道自己不会，却又说不明白哪里不会，因为说不明白，所以也没法去解决问题。自学第一步，从找到问题、缩小问题开始!

要去读很难的东西，高强度是训练核心!

在接触英语阅读的时候，常见的问题是：每天读多少合适&怎么选一本书。

每天读多少合适，我觉得，如果只是业余看看，每天1个小时应该是最少的吧，如果词汇量少，最少还要再背一个小时单词;如果是马上就要考试了，那么3-5个小时都是不嫌多。阅读能力和其他能力是一样的，必须达到一定强度的练习才会有用，每天就看1-2页，或者就几行字，必然是不行的。

对于选书我没什么见解，一本你愿意读的书是最好的。

不过，要注意——不要一直读太简单的读物，要经常给自己施加难度。比如说，我的英语基础其实挺差的，一直觉得自己肯定看不懂GMAT阅读题，但是忍着痛苦看了一些后，发现就看懂了，阅读水平也进步了;再看几道LSAT的阅读题，那么GMAT也会感觉很容易。个人心得，要经常去做特别难的事情;只有这样，原来难的事情，就变得容易了。

年纪不小了，不要奢望轻松学习法

最后，回到文章的标题“迅速”的这个核心上。在现代，每个人都很着急，希望事情能够尽快搞定;其实也没什么不好，崇尚高效率是现代社会的一大特征。

英语这种东西是练出来的，想要在短期内提高阅读水平，就是要浓缩学习时间，短期内进行高压、大量的训练。有人肯定会说，慢慢学不好吗?问题是，如果短期训练都坚持不了，又怎么可能十年如一日地坚持呢?

再说了，慢慢学也只适合有语言环境的小孩子。反正，大家现在都到20多岁的年纪了，还是要一口气把英语的问题好好解决一下。

最后总结一下，迅速提高雅思阅读水平无非只有几点：? 加长练习时间，接受高压、高强度的练习!?搞定单词的问题，多量多遍的练习!?多看长难句，阅读的时候保持清醒，要思考!?不要总看简单的东西，要看难的东西!?提高学习能力!学习能力提高能提高语言，还能提高其他学科的成绩!?没有什么轻松学习法，只有下苦工学习法!要轻松，就不要学!买买买就好啦!

备注：很多人为什么要背单词(我说了，如果你从小在语言环境里长大可以不背。背单词和阅读要同时进行)?为什么要高压学习?这个问题就如同问音乐学院附中的孩子为什么要每天练琴8小时一样，这些努力都是为了成为专业级选手，成为高级别的学习者。当然，我也尊重，别人的目标是比较低的，比如说能弹几首晓圆舞曲就满足了，这个没什么不可以的。但是，你若是渴望通向高级别的水平，就要付出专业级别的努力。

有人说我的方法是为了考试，不是真正提高英语水平。我觉得为了考试目标去学习英语没什么不好的，尤其IELTS/GRE/GMAT这种考试，本身就非常科学，你达到考试的水准，你的英语水平也是在提高的。我不相信所谓的雅思5分，但是英语却很好这种说法，这是不可能。

雅思阅读解题四大误区

No.1 阅读考试应该按照题目设置顺序完成。

一个小时完成三篇总计3000词的文章，对于考生的速度要求颇高。做题不要严格按照规定的顺序来。程度好的学生可以按照题号顺序做题;差一点的应按照难易程度进行，实现分数的最大化。填空类别的题目通常最简单，如：table/chart/diagram, summary, sentence completion, short answer questions等，可以先做。选择类通常都较难，例如：T/F/NG, List of headings, Which paragraph contains the following information等，放到后面做。此外，烤鸭们还应该选择3篇文章中背景最熟悉的一篇先做，树立做题信心，以提高文章的正确率。

No.2 阅读就是要使劲做题，做题量决定考试成绩。

很多同学在复习的时候喜欢做一些市面上很火的模拟题，有同学能把模拟题做得几乎全对，而遇到真实考试却遭遇滑铁卢。本人建议烤鸭们还是要以剑桥真题系列为主，不要仅仅满足把题做对，更要花功夫理解跟解题相关的句子，对于层次高的同学希望大家能归纳下真题文章每段大意，这也是成都新航道众多阅读单科8分以上同学共享的秘方。

No.3 每次阅读考试都有些题很难做，所以复习时应该重点关注此类难题。

考试都会有3到4个难度颇高的题目，这些题考查大家生僻的单词，或者非常注重同学们的英语思维。本人认为大家平时的复习时间不要花在偏题怪题上面，主心骨还是放在中等规范的题目中。

大家记住雅思考试考的是语言，区别于四六级考试和国内的硕士研究生招生考试，题目答案直接从文章表象中找就可以，不用特深入地思考。如果定位之后，思维要经过山路十八弯，大多时候就误入歧途了。

No.4 雅思阅读能力很难提高。

阅读能力取决于两个层面：英语基本功和快速阅读技能。雅思阅读对于英语基本功的要求就是能够胜任将来国外大学的学习，其笔试的要求大致相当于大学六级的水平。而快速阅读技能要在打好英语基础之上再进行培养。

雅思速度的主要技能概括起来是3个S: Survey, Skim和Scan. Survey(浏览)就是在做文章之前进行浏览，对文章主题进行一个整体的把握，主要看一下题目、小标题等;Skim(略读)需要你在短时间内掌握句子或段落的内容，这就需要你跳过一些东西。Scan(扫读)的能力就是在短时间内迅速找出一个单词在文章中位置的能力，这个能力完全可以靠自己或者培训中心训练来培养。

雅思阅读高分技巧--长句子理解靠语法

讲雅思阅读语法的问题前先看看一个老师对一个句子的讲解和分析。

“剑5”Test 1的第二篇阅读中间有一个句子(21页F段4行至8行)：“A modern hard-core sociobiologist might even go so far as to claim that this aggressive instinct evolved as an advantageous trait, having been of survival value to our ancestors in their struggle against the hardships of life on the plains and in the caves, ultimately finding its way into our genetic make-up as a remnant of our ancient animal ways. ”

这个句子也快要达到5行的长度，但仔细研究会发现：“modern”和“hard-core”都是对sociobiologist的修饰;紧接着后面实际上是“so … as”的结构;“that”引导的宾语从句之中，“having”和“finding”显然是现在分词作为状语，其逻辑主语依然是宾语从句中的主语“instinct”。

单独如果写一个句子“Being a vegetarian, she does not eat any meat. ”，应该许多考生在理解上都没有问题;但是上述句子中本身结构就已经很复杂，最后还是两个现在分词并列，就未必所有考生都能一次看懂了。

以上为一个老师对一个所谓难句的分析，我在一些词下面加了下划线。这位老师在分析这个句子的时候初衷是好的，就是希望同学们能在阅读难句的时候分清主谓宾，理顺句子结构。但这种分析是没有太大实战意义的，原因就是你能分析出来是因为你是老师，你语法好，你凶悍，而学生我语法就不好，不够凶悍，怎么办?

你想想，上面那些黑体词都是怎样的专业术语啊，听上去就非常可怕和无聊。而且，在正式考试过程中这么分析显然是一种奢侈，没有时间给你这么仔细研究的，we cant afford the time。

更危险的是，到了雅思考试的阶段如果还只强调这种句子分析法是完全不能符合雅思的阅读要求的，这种分析法不是真正的阅读，真正的阅读要求我们关注的是句子背后的意思，而不是外在的形式。

其实不管什么语言真正的阅读理解都应该是是忽略形式，直奔意思。快速一遍读懂其意思是我们的理想并应该为之努力的方向。太多的同学在句子分析上浪费了太多时间，导致其重视形式而忽略了阅读的真正目的：读懂意思，获得信息。这句话听上去似乎很简单，但意义却不简单。

很多事情，包括阅读，当你去寻求意义时，就会忽略其形式。同样的道理：太在乎形式，就失去了意义。就英语考试而言，中国考试偏向考形式(词汇语法)，国外考试偏向考意义(语言能力language aptitude)。

这就是雅思考试和国内四六级考试的一个重大差别，它没有专门的词汇语法题，因为它觉得这样测试是没意义的。它关注的是你能用词汇和语法来干嘛。而词汇和语法只有在语境中，上下文中才有意义。

所以雅思考试只测试词汇和语法在听说读写里面发挥的作用和表示的意义。在阅读中它也不会考某个具体词的意思，也不会考某个词后面是加to 还是for这样的无聊语法关系，更不会要求考生象上文中的作者一样那么细致入微地分析一个句子的语法层分。

阅读是为了信息本身。为了获得信息而阅读，这是雅思阅读考试的精髓。其实这也是我们学英文的最终目标：We learn English in order to use it! If not, what's the point?

篇8：雅思阅读提升技巧之快速找出定位词

雅思阅读提升技巧之快速找出定位词

1、定位词的基本特点：

不可替换性：题目中变化性最小的词性才能充当定位词，一般情况下以具象名词为主。

2、定位词的三大种类：

A 特殊词汇

其中包括：首字母大写的信息，数字，时间，与人相关的信息(身份、职业)，学科等

如果此类定位词和主题相关，一般每段都重复，则无任何实际作用;如果定位词只在局部的1~2段重复，仍然要做出答案位置的标志。具有描述性的名词、抽象概念的名词，由动词或者形容词延伸出的名词往往变化性也较大，但在定位时不要舍弃。

B 限定+名词

限定和名词的组合其实相当于一个具象的“名词”，一般情况下在文章中能找到这样的类似组合或者概念的表达，因此方便定位。

但是有时候限定+名词组合在文中会出现上义到下义的改写现象，这个时候需要学生善于根据这个特点去联想定位。比如说在做段落信息配对题时候这种改写非常明显，以剑7let's go bats这篇文章的段落信息配对题为例;最后一个题目出现了一个military use 这样的限定和名词组合，再定位过程中一定要联想到在文章中一般会给出这个组合所表达概念的下义内容，此题文章对应的就是detection of submarine，world war 2这样下义表达。

C 新鲜词汇和绝对生词

这一类别定位词的判定需要大家对于文章话题和结构有一定的把握，比如说一篇文章的话题是考古，但是题目中出现了一个词叫garret阁楼，这个词相对于主题就比较新鲜，一般都能定位到。再如剑5第一篇文章summary题目最后出现了一个词king也相对主题(词典编撰)有点新鲜，因此可以定位到。对于绝对生词，因人而异，这里不建议词汇量特别小的学员将此类作为定位词，词汇量小，任何核心词汇高频词汇都有可能是生词，定位起来很麻烦。

3、错乱定位法

在雅思阅读的做题过程中会发现有时候即使定位词找对了但是在定位的过程中也可能效果不好，因为有些定位词一般都是藏在文章的某一个小角落，存在但难发现。比如说在做TRUE，FALSE，NOT GIVEN的时候如果依次做题，第一题题目找到定位词，然后带着定位词在文章中查找，有可能会扑空，如果扑空了，这个定位的过程所用的时间就浪费了，最后导致的结果是做题时间不够用。那么如何解决这一问题呢?那就是错乱定位。

错乱定位就是浏览所有题目中的定位词，然后简单的判断哪些定位词最易找到，先找出最易找的定位词做出对应的题目，然后再做其他。以剑5Johnson’s dictionary后面的summary题为例。浏览summary，划出所有定位词，garret，central desk，40000，king.然后会发现40000很好找，几乎2秒就能定位到，定位到以后很容易做出第5空，其次是King，做出第6空;再结合这种题型的特点，很快能搞定其他定位词和所有题。这样的一个过程没有一个步骤很浪费的，因此可以提高做题效率。

雅思阅读模拟题及答案详解 Sun‘s fickle heart may leave us cold

1.雅思阅读材料

Sun's fickle heart may leave us cold

From New Scientist. Stuart Clark

1 There's a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall on timescales of around 100，000 years - exactly the same period as between ice ages on Earth. So says a physicist who has created a computer model of our star's core.

2 Robert Ehrlich of George Mason University in Fairfax， Virginia， modelled the effect of temperature fluctuations in the sun's interior. According to the standard view， the temperature of the sun's core is held constant by the opposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusion. However， Ehrlich believed that slight variations should be possible.

3 He took as his starting point the work of Attila Grandpierre of the Konkoly Observatory of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. In 2005， Grandpierre and a collaborator， Gábor ágoston， calculated that magnetic fields in the sun's core could produce small instabilities in the solar plasma. These instabilities would induce localised oscillations in temperature.

4 Ehrlich's model shows that whilst most of these oscillations cancel each other out， some reinforce one another and become long-lived temperature variations. The favoured frequencies allow the sun's core temperature to oscillate around its average temperature of 13.6 million kelvin in cycles lasting either 100，000 or 41，000 years. Ehrlich says that random interactions within the sun's magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle length to the other.

5 These two timescales are instantly recognisable to anyone familiar with Earth's ice ages： for the past million years， ice ages have occurred roughly every 100，000 years. Before that， they occurred roughly every 41，000 years.

6 Most scientists believe that the ice ages are the result of subtle changes in Earth's orbit， known as the Milankovitch cycles. One such cycle describes the way Earth's orbit gradually changes shape from a circle to a slight ellipse and back again roughly every 100，000 years. The theory says this alters the amount of solar radiation that Earth receives， triggering the ice ages. However， a persistent problem with this theory has been its inability to explain why the ice ages changed frequency a million years ago.

7 ”In Milankovitch， there is certainly no good idea why the frequency should change from one to another，“ says Neil Edwards， a climatologist at the Open University in Milton Keynes， UK. Nor is the transition problem the only one the Milankovitch theory faces. Ehrlich and other critics claim that the temperature variations caused by Milankovitch cycles are simply not big enough to drive ice ages.

8 However， Edwards believes the small changes in solar heating produced by Milankovitch cycles are then amplified by feedback mechanisms on Earth. For example， if sea ice begins to form because of a slight cooling， carbon dioxide that would otherwise have found its way into the atmosphere as part of the carbon cycle is locked into the ice. That weakens the greenhouse effect and Earth grows even colder.

9 According to Edwards， there is no lack of such mechanisms. ”If you add their effects together， there is more than enough feedback to make Milankovitch work，“ he says. ”The problem now is identifying which mechanisms are at work.“ This is why scientists like Edwards are not yet ready to give up on the current theory. ”Milankovitch cycles give us ice ages roughly when we observe them to happen. We can calculate where we are in the cycle and compare it with observation，“ he says. ”I can't see any way of testing [Ehrlich's] idea to see where we are in the temperature oscillation.“

10 Ehrlich concedes this. ”If there is a way to test this theory on the sun， I can't think of one that is practical，“ he says. That's because variation over 41，000 to 100，000 years is too gradual to be observed. However， there may be a way to test it in other stars： red dwarfs. Their cores are much smaller than that of the sun， and so Ehrlich believes that the oscillation periods could be short enough to be observed. He has yet to calculate the precise period or the extent of variation in brightness to be expected.

11 Nigel Weiss， a solar physicist at the University of Cambridge， is far from convinced. He describes Ehrlich's claims as ”utterly implausible“. Ehrlich counters that Weiss's opinion is based on the standard solar model， which fails to take into account the magnetic instabilities that cause the temperature fluctuations.(716 words)

2.雅思阅读题目

Questions 1-4

Complete each of the following statements with One or Two names of the scientists from the box below.

Write the appropriate letters A-E in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet.

A. Attila Grandpierre B. Gábor ágoston C. Neil Edwards D. Nigel Weiss E. Robert Ehrlich

1. ……claims there抯 a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall in periods as long as those between ice ages on Earth.

2. ……calculated that the internal solar magnetic fields could produce instabilities in the solar plasma.

3. ……holds that Milankovitch cycles can induce changes in solar heating on Earth and the changes are amplified on Earth.

4. ……doesn't believe in Ehrlich's viewpoints at all.

Questions 5-9

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage?

In boxes 5-9 on your answer sheet write TRUE if the statement is true according to the passage FALSE if the statement is false according to the passage NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage

5. The ice ages changed frequency from 100，000 to 41，000 years a million years ago.

6. The sole problem that the Milankovitch theory can not solve is to explain why the ice age frequency should shift from one to another.

7. Carbon dioxide can be locked artificially into sea ice to eliminate the greenhouse effect.

8. Some scientists are not ready to give up the Milankovitch theory though they haven't figured out which mechanisms amplify the changes in solar heating.

9. Both Edwards and Ehrlich believe that there is no practical way to test when the solar temperature oscillation begins and when ends.

Questions 10-14

Complete the notes below.

Choose one suitable word from the Reading Passage above for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 10-14 on your answer sheet.

The standard view assumes that the opposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusions hold the temperature ……10……in the sun's interior， but the slight changes in the earth's ……11…… alter the temperature on the earth and cause ice ages every 100，000 years. A British scientist， however， challenges this view by claiming that the internal solar magnetic ……12…… can induce the temperature oscillations in the sun's interior. The sun's core temperature oscillates around its average temperature in ……13…… lasting either 100，000 or 41，000 years. And the ……14…… interactions within the sun's magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle length to the other， which explains why the ice ages changed frequency a million years ago.

Answer keys and explanations：

1. E See the sentences in paragraph 1(There's a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall on timescales of around 100，000 years - exactly the same period as between ice ages on Earth. So says a physicist who has created a computer model of our star's core.) and para.2 (Robert Ehrlich of George Mason University in Fairfax， Virginia， modelled the effect of temperature fluctuations in the sun's interior.)

2. A B See para.3：Grandpierre and a collaborator， Gábor ágoston， calculated that magnetic fields in the sun's core could produce small instabilities in the solar plasma.

4. D See para.11： Nigel Weiss， a solar physicist at the University of Cambridge， is far from convinced. He describes Ehrlich's claims as ”utterly implausible“.

5. False See para.5： for the past million years， ice ages have occurred roughly every 100，000 years. Before that， they occurred roughly every 41，000 years.

6. False See para.7： ”In Milankovitch， there is certainly no good idea why the frequency should change from one to another，“ …… Nor is the transition problem the only one the Milankovitch theory faces.

7. Not Given See para.8： if sea ice begins to form because of a slight cooling， carbon dioxide?is locked into the ice. That weakens the greenhouse effect. (The passage doesn't mention anything about locking Co2 into ice artificially.)

8. True See para.9： there is no lack of such mechanisms. ”If you add their effects together， there is more than enough feedback to make Milankovitch work，“?”The problem now is identifying which mechanisms are at work.“ This is why scientists like Edwards are not yet ready to give up on the current theory.

9. True See the sentences in para.9 (According to Edwards， he says. ”I can't see any way of testing [Ehrlich's] idea to see where we are in the temperature oscillation.“) and para.10 (Ehrlich concedes this. ”If there is a way to test this theory on the sun， I can't think of one that is practical)。

10. constant See para.2： According to the standard view， the temperature of the sun's core is held constant by the opposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusion.

11. orbit See para.6： Most scientists believe that the ice ages are the result of subtle changes in Earth's orbit，earth's orbit gradually changes shape from a circle to a slight ellipse and back again roughly every 100，000 years.

12. instabilities See para.3： magnetic fields in the sun's core could produce small instabilities in the solar plasma. These instabilities would induce localised oscillations in temperature.

13. cycles See para.4： …allow the sun's core temperature to oscillate around its average temperature of 13.6 million kelvin in cycles lasting either 100，000 or 41，000 years.

14. random See para.4： Ehrlich says that random interactions within the sun's magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle length to the other

2018年4月14日场雅思A类阅读机经预测

雅思阅读文章题目 Typography Introduction of Printed books

重复年份 20160312 20110127

雅思阅读题材发展史

雅思阅读题型判断4+雅思阅读填空9

雅思阅读文章大意活字印刷的历史。两个德国人去Italy的一个地方，后来又搬去了罗马，之后很多商人就开始注意到印刷的潜在经济价值。

参考答案：

雅思阅读判断题：

1. Early books have many errors – F

2. 活字印刷里就记得在M..某个地方只有富人才买得起书– T

3. 刚开始printing的书，插图illustration – T

4. Business man in Roma begin to notice the value of printing can make money F

雅思阅读雅思阅读填空题：

5. 类似流程图从上往下一步步说怎么印刷

6-7. Assembling Fonts: sheet of paper

8. 第1版是用来更正错误的proof reading

9. types……pages are in right sequence

10. Local newspapers做宣传

11-12. 问两种印刷方法的单词: binding and simulating

13. They lived very near to the book industry

雅思阅读文章题目 Fluoridation in the water

重复年份 20160312 20140719 20130119

雅思阅读题材医疗健康

雅思阅读题型雅思阅读选择题3+判断6+句子雅思阅读填空5

雅思阅读文章大意本文讲述了氟化物添加对健康影响。对要不要对饮用水进行氟化处理，学者有两派不同的意见。

部分参考答案：

雅思阅读选择题：

1. How hot is the area A

2. People should not be forced to take compulsory medication

3. To demonstrate that scientists’ finding will be influenced by social factors

雅思阅读判断题：

4. 待补充

5. Science should not decide policy

6. Scientific and social factors should be separated No

7. Many sociologist ignore S’s study

8. S work was not emphasized by sicnetists outside the northern America NG

9. Both supporters and opponents have made valid argument. YES

雅思阅读填空题：

10. Science is objective and unbiased

11. Can be affected by social factors

12. Scientific discovery cannot be understood at first

13. Cautious action is not necessary

14. People should have the right to choose

雅思阅读文章题目 Undergraduate students study dramas

重复年份 20160331 20141018

雅思阅读题材人文社科

雅思阅读题型暂无

雅思阅读文章大意文学专业学生的课程指南，提到了让学生观看英国不同时期剧院中的戏剧，并列举了不同时期四种剧院的特点。

参考阅读：

Medieval period

Main article: Medieval theatre

By the medieval period, the mummers' plays had developed, a form of early street theatre associated with the Morris dance, concentrating on themes such as Saint George and the Dragon and Robin Hood. These were folk tales re-telling old stories, and the actors travelled from town to town performing these for their audiences in return for money and hospitality.

Renaissance: Elizabethan and Jacobean periods

The period known as the English Renaissance, approximately 1500—1660, saw a flowering of the drama and all the arts. The two candidates for the earliest comedy in English Nicholas Udall's Ralph Roister Doister (c. 1552) and the anonymous Gammer Gurton's Needle (c. 1566), belong to the 16th century.

During the reign of Elizabeth I (1558–1603) and then James I (1603–25), in the late 16th and early 17th century, a London-centred culture, that was both courtly and popular, produced great poetry and drama. The English playwrights were intrigued by Italian model: a conspicuous community of Italian actors had settled in London. The linguist and lexicographer John Florio (1553–1625), whose father was Italian, was a royal language tutor at the Court of James I, and a possible friend of and influence on William Shakespeare, had brought much of the Italian language and culture to England. He was also the translator of Montaigne into English. The earliest Elizabethan plays includes Gorboduc (1561) by Sackville and Norton and Thomas Kyd's (1558–94) revenge tragedy The Spanish Tragedy (1592), that influenced Shakespeare's Hamlet.

17th and 18th centuries

Aphra Behn was the first professional English woman playwright.

During the Interregnum 1649—1660, English theatres were kept closed by the Puritans for religious and ideological reasons. When the London theatres opened again with the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660, they flourished under the personal interest and support of Charles II. Wide and socially mixed audiences were attracted by topical writing and by the introduction of the first professional actresses (in Shakespeare's time, all female roles had been played by boys). New genres of the Restoration were heroic drama, pathetic drama, and Restoration comedy. Notable heroic tragedies of this period include John Dryden's All for Love (1677) and Aureng-zebe (1675), and Thomas Otway's Venice Preserved (1682). The Restoration plays that have best retained the interest of producers and audiences today are the comedies, such as George Etherege's The Man of Mode (1676), William Wycherley's The Country Wife (1676), John Vanbrugh's The Relapse (1696), and William Congreve's The Way of the World (1700). This period saw the first professional woman playwright, Aphra Behn, author of many comedies including The Rover (1677). Restoration comedy is famous or notorious for its sexual explicitness, a quality encouraged by Charles II (1660–1685) personally and by the rakish aristocratic ethos of his court.

Victorian era

A change came in the Victorian era with a profusion on the London stage of farces, musical burlesques, extravaganzas and comic operas that competed with Shakespeare productions and serious drama by the likes of James Planché and Thomas William Robertson. In 1855, the German Reed Entertainments began a process of elevating the level of (formerly risqué) musical theatre in Britain that culminated in the famous series of comic operas by Gilbert and Sullivan and were followed by the 1890s with the first Edwardian musical comedies. W. S. Gilbert and Oscar Wilde were leading poets and dramatists of the late Victorian period.[16] Wilde's plays, in particular, stand apart from the many now forgotten plays of Victorian times and have a much closer relationship to those of the Edwardian dramatists such as Irishman George Bernard Shaw and Norwegian Henrik Ibsen.

雅思阅读文章题目 Unique golden textile

重复年份 20160421 20131121

雅思阅读题材工业

雅思阅读题型小标题6+人名配对4+雅思阅读填空3

雅思阅读文章大意蜘蛛丝与纺织品。雅思阅读文章讲述了golden spider是如何在体内把Liquid silk转化为solid silk的过程，雅思阅读文章中提到了一些科学家针对蜘蛛做的实验，如何提高capacity。在结尾两段讲述了关于spider silk的医学应用及市场的积极前景。

参考答案：

小标题：

i experiment of an old idea

ii lifecycle of Madagascar spiders

iii advances in textile industry

iv resources to meet demands

v physical property of spider silk

vi scientific analysis spider silk

vii work of art

viii importance of silk textile

ix difficult to raise spider in capacity

14. Paragraph A viii

15. Paragraph B v

16. Paragraph C ix

17. Paragraph D i

18. Paragraph E iv

19. Paragraph F vii

人名配对4：

A. Simon Peers B. Nicholas Godlley C. Blackledge

20. need tremendous spider to make a small amount of spider silk B

21 Scientists want qualities of spider silk for medical use A

22 Scientists make progress to manufacture spider silk C

23 spider silk materials are be of strength A

雅思阅读填空3：

24. grow silk by introduce genetic material into bacteria and animals

25. Silk come from liquid protein made in a gland inside of bodies.

26. Spider silk spins cause force to make liquid turn to solid silk.

雅思阅读文章题目 British Woodlands

重复年份 20160430 20120421

雅思阅读题材自然环境

雅思阅读题型段落细节配对7+选词雅思阅读填空7

雅思阅读文章大意讲的是英国森林的演变利用和最后的管理，大致雅思阅读文章脉络是在人类的入侵之前英国的植被覆盖情况，工业革命之后，人们对森林的掠夺从以燃烧原料和建筑材料为目的到了以工业发展为目的，后来人们意识到保护森林的重要，开始投入人力物力进行保护。

部分答案参考：

段落细节配对：

27 a description of careless working practices that harm woodland F

28 details of landscape prior to human intervention B

29 arguments against cash rewards H

30 a botanical source of evidence for the appearance of primitive woodland B

31 reasons for reduced economic importance of woodland E

32 a reason for recent improvements of woodland management G

33 an implication for people of unhealthy tree A

选词雅思阅读填空：

Evolution of British Woodland

When woodland started to grow after last Ice Age. certain 34. species naturally

dominated certain regions of Britain. People then intervened to reduce the woodland by using grazing animals and methods such as 35. burning and coppicing. An increasing number of trees have been grown to meet the demand of 36. Industry

Situations of woodland in Britain deteriorated due to the use of 37. I and the rigid 38. planting patterns of woodland. Such practices also destroyed the 39.habits G of animals and other wildlife.

However, in the twentieth century, the state of woodland in Britain has been improved. 40.grants available for fund encourage people to plant trees in good quality.

雅思阅读文章题目 Coastal sculpture

重复年份 20160507 20140712 20130105

雅思阅读题材艺术

雅思阅读题型段落细节配对5+人名配对题5+句子雅思阅读填空3

雅思阅读文章大意海边雕塑。雅思阅读文章一共聊了3座海岸边的知名雕塑的来源与现况，并上升到，认为此种也是当代艺术的代表，丰富了艺术结构。雅思阅读文章由法国的海岸边雕塑引入到世界范围，最后又落回到英国的三座雕塑。

参考答案：

段落细节配对：

14. A misunderstanding regarding financing of the construction of artwork. C

15. A suggestion of a place with fewer visitors than it used to be. D

16. Positive comments regarding all three pieces of artwork. E

17. How a talk change people's opinions. D

18. Reference of an artwork that turned out to cost the public a lot. B

人名配对：

A. Antony's figure B. Moe's status C. Lost church

19. It commemorates a hero. B

20. Some people like to make physical contact with it. A

21. It is welcomed by local people. B

22. It has been shown In other place. A

23. People fear it will cause accident. C

句子雅思阅读填空：

24. Another Place is representation Gormley s own body.

25. The original Walton Church disappear because of coastal erosion.

26. The material used to build Lost Church will be steel pole.

雅思阅读文章题目 Solving an Arctic Mystery

重复年份 20160521 20141025

雅思阅读题材人文社科

雅思阅读题型判断7+雅思阅读填空6

雅思阅读文章大意北极沉船。两条执行任务的船消失了，很多人试图找到它们，但都失败了，最后在sonar技术的支持下找到了。船上所有船员全部通过遇难的原因探究中发现，他们遗骸中很多都lead超标，研究发现tin of food及inheritance等因素均不是汽运，造成中毒的原因是water needed for engine。研究结果跟inuit人的口头记录温和，证实了其可靠性。

参考答案：

判断：

1. 很多人尝试定位没有成功 T

2. 这是Inuit人第一次跟定位沉船的专家合作 NG

雅思阅读填空：

8. geology

9. solar

10. tin

11. water

12. engine

13. stories

雅思阅读文章题目 When did music begin?