以下是小编帮大家整理的含有动词意义的介词 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)，本文共12篇，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。
篇1：含有动词意义的介词 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
含有动词意义的介词
在英语中，有一些介词表示的却是动词的含义，主要有：
1.at : 在与表达感情的形容詞连用时， 可代替“听”“看”等动词， 如：
She was greatly surprised at the bad news. 她听到这个坏消息时， 大吃一惊。
2.to : 在与go, come , invite等动词连用时， 可代替 “参加”“出席” 等动词， 如：
Prof. Wang has gone to a meeting. 王教授去开会去了。
3.for;在与go, come , return等动词连用时， 可代替后面表明 “目的” 动词， 如：
What did he come for? He came for his wallet.他来干什么？他来取钱包。
4.for : 在与start, leave, set等表示离开,启程等动词连用时， 相当于汉语的 “走”“到”“往” 等意思，如：
They start for Shanghai at five early tomorrow morning明早五时， 他们出发去上海。
5.有些介词短语作連系动词的表语， 有动词含义， 如：What is he at ? 他在干什么？
6.有些介词短语可代替动词不定式短语，作定语，自然会有动词意义， 如：
It’s time for breakfast.现在是早餐的时间了. 该吃早饭了。
7.with，在类似下列的句子中， 意为use,如：
He often writes with my pen他时常以我的钢笔写. 他常有我的钢笔写字。
8.by与表示交通工具的单词连用， 相当于汉语的 “坐”“乘” 等意思， 如：
Are you going to travel by plane or by train?他坐火车去工作? 你们打算乘飞机还是坐火车去旅行？
但是不能说这些介词就等于这些动词， 更不能用它们充当谓语动词。
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇2：情态动词 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
情态动词
情态动词一般用法，大家都比较熟悉，但是，到了高中阶段，它的用法外延的比较多，很难理解和掌握。这里，就其考点列举如下：
一． 情态动词的现在完成式的用法
情态动词现在完成式主要有两个功能：表示已经发生的情况和表示虚拟语气。在这两个方面must/mustn’t;can/cann’t;need/needn’t;may/mayn’t;might/mightn’t;should/shouldn’t; oughtn’t等情态动词＋完成式表示的意思是有一定区别的
1． 表示已经发生的情况。
1） must have+过去分词，表示对已发生情况的肯定推测，译为“（昨天）一定……如：
My pain____apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically:” Are you feeling all right?”
A must be B had been C must have been D had to be
2） can’t / couldn’t have+过去分词，表示对已发生情况的否定推测，译为“（昨天）一定没……”,如：
Mary____my letter; otherwise she would have replied before
A couldn’t have received B ought to have received
C has received D shouldn’t have received
3） may / might have +过去分词，表示对已发生的事情做不肯定、可能性很小的推测，或事实上根本没发生，译为“也许……”。如：
At Florida Power’s Crystal River plant, a potentially serious leakage of radioactive water may have been unknowingly caused by an electrician.
2．表示虚拟语气。
1) needn’t have + 过去分词，表示做了不必做的事，相当于”didn’t need to do”,译为“其实没必要……”。如：
As it turned out to be a small house party, we____so formally.
A needn’t dress up B did not need have dressed up
C did not need dress up D needn’t have dressed up
2）should have +过去分词，表示应该做某事但实际上未做，译为“本应该……”should not + have过去分词表示本不应该做某事但实际上做了，译为“本不应该……”。如：
I regret having left the work unfinished; I should have planned everything ahead carefully.
（我本来应该事先认真地把每件事情规划的很好，但实际上作者还是没有规划好，以至工作没有完成。）
3) ought to have +过去分词，表示动作按理该发生了，但实际上未发生，译为“该……”，与should 的完成式含义类似。如：
You ought to have told him that the paint on that seat was wet..
4) could have +过去分词，表示过去本来可以做但却未做，译为“完全可以……”。这点与ought/should/ have +过去分词用法相似。如：
What you said is right, but you could have done it better.
5) may/ might have +过去分词，表示过去可以做但实际未做，译为“（那样）也许会……”。如：
You may have noticed something while you were doing this task.
3.几个情态动词常考的句型：
1)may/might (just) as well “不妨，最好”，与had better相近,意为“最好，还是，不妨”。
You may as well repeat the experiment.
2) cannot / can’t…too …“越……越好，怎么也不过分”。注意这个句型的变体cannot…over….如：
You cannot be too careful when you drive a car.驾车时候，越小心越好。
3) usedn’t 或did’t use to 为used to (do) 的否定式。
Tom used not to rise at six every morning.
4）should 除了“应该”一层意思外，考研大纲还规定要掌握其“竟然”的意思。如：
I didn’t expect that he should have behaved like that. 我无法想象他竟然这样做。
二． 情态动词被动关系的主动表达法
1． want, require, worth（形容词）后面接doing也可以表示被动意义。
Your hair wants cutting
The work is worth reading
The floor requires washing.
2．need既可以用need to be done 也可以使用need doing ，两种形式都表达被动的意义
The house needs painting= the house needs to be painted.
The watch needed repairing= the watch needed to be repaired.
补充：
had better, should, ought to是重要的情态动词，也是高考重要考点，学习时应注意下列几点：
一、了解相互间关系
had better(最好), should(应该)与ought to（应该）均为提建议、阐述观点的情态动词，其后接动词原形。should 比had better语气强，ought to语气最强。一般情况下should与ought to可通用。
例1：You had better go there at once. 你最好立即去那里。
例2：You ought to / should work hard.你应该努力工作。
值得注意的是：should还有“竟然”之意，表出乎意料。
例：You can't imagine that a well-behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady. 你真是难以想象这么一个有风度的先生对一个女子是如此之粗鲁。
二、掌握句型变换方法
had better, should, ought to作为情态动词，各种句型变换均在自身形式上作变化。
（一）否定句
had better, should, ought to用于否定句时，否定词均位于其后，具体形式为：had better not do, shouldn't / should not do, oughtn't to do。
例1：You had better not start at this time. 此时你最好别出发。
例2：He shouldn't be careless in class. 他上课时不应粗心。
例3：She oughtn't to waste time. 她不应该浪费时间。
（二）一般疑问句
had better, should, ought to用于一般疑问句时，分别将had, should, ought提至句首。
例1：Had he better start early at once? 他最好立即出发吗？
例2：Should you do like this? 你应该这么做吗？
例3：Ought he to go there? 他应该去那里吗？
（三）反意疑问句
陈述句谓语动词含had better, should, ought to时，反意疑问句为：had, should与ought+主格人称代词或hadn't, shouldn't, oughtn't+主格人称代词。
例1：You had better not go home, had you? 你最好别回家，是吗？
例2：You should study hard,
shouldn't you? 你应该认真学习，是吗？
例3：He oughtn't to speak in class, ought he? 你上课不应该讲话，是吗？
三、掌握其完成式用法
had better没有完成式，should与ought to完成式意义与用法完全相同。
（一）should/ought to have done 意为本来应做但实际没有做，表达遗憾的感情色彩。
例：There was a lot of fun at yesterday's party. You ________ come, but why didn't you?
A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have
析：答案D。 该空含你本来应来但实际未来之意，应填ought to have。
（二）should / oughtn't to have done，意为本来不应做但实际已做，表达遗憾的感情色彩。
例：I was really anxious about you. You ________ home without a word.
A. mustn't leave
B. shouldn't have left
C. couldn't have left
D. needn't leave
析：答案B。 该空含你本不应该一句话不说就离开家但实际已这么做之意，所以应填shouldn't have left。
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇3：非谓语动词 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
非谓语动词
I like cooking. ”
He likes cooking.
It' s not easy for me to learn English.
Seen from the space, the earth is a blue sphere.
以上英语句子中____________________等具有动词特征，但是在句子中不能作谓语的动词形式，就叫动词的非谓语形式，也叫非谓语动词。
非谓语动词是不随 _______________变化而变化的，它们不受人称和数的限定，所以又叫“非限定动词”。
动词的非谓语形式有三种：
（1）动词不定式：to study (to + 动词原形)
（2）分词：studying (现在分词)、studied (过去分词)
（3）动名词：studying (形式与现在分词相同)
动词非谓语形式有以下几种形式变化（以write为例）：
形态 主动 被动
动词不定式 一般
进行
完成
完成进行
现在分词和动名词 一般
完成
过去分词 一般 written
一、动词不定式
二、动名词
动名词可以起 ______词的作用，在句子中作主语，宾语，表语，定语。
动名词的否定形式是在前面加上not, never等否定词。
（一）做____________________
Fishing in this lake is forbidden.
Going abroad for a visit and settling down abroad are two different things.
My favorite hobby is fishing/collecting stamps.
My job is teaching.
注意：
在______________; ______________; __________ ; _______________ ; _________________ ;___________________ 等习惯表达中，
It为__________，而将做主语的动名词短语放在后面。例如：
It’s no use /good ringing her up now.
Is it worthwhile bargaining two hours for two cents?
It’s wise trying again.
It is of great importance fighting against pollution.
It is no use operating on the sick man. He should have been sent here early.
It is no good smoking; you’d better give it up.
（二）动名词短语作___________________。
He avoided giving me a definite answer.
David suggested selling your dog and car to pay the debt.
I couldn’t risk missing that train.
常用的能接动名词的动词有：
承认__________，感激__________，避免__________，建议___________，不禁__________，庆祝__________，考虑__________，完成___________，延期__________，忍耐___________，喜欢__________，结束___________，想象__________，保持___________，在意__________，错过___________，允许__________，练习___________，冒险__________，明白___________。
例如：
（三）动名词短语作___________。如：
The children are fond of listening to pop music.
Are you interested in going to the show?
Thomas insisted on doing it in his own way.
Excuse me for interrupting you.
Before finishing your homework, you’d better not go out. 做
（四）动名词也可以有自己的逻辑主语，就是在动名词短语前面加上
_____________________。
I insisted on his (him) going to the cinema with me.
I can hardly imagine Peter’s sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
Linda’s coming will do you good.
What made him angry was their (them) laughing.
（五）动名词的完成式和被动语态：
（1）完成式表示__________________________________。例如：
I apologize for having broken my promise.
I don’t remember having talked with him before.
I regret not having met you before my marriage/before I got married.
（2）当___________________________________，动名词要用被动语态。例如：
I could no longer stand being treated like that.
She was proud of having been trained in the U.K.
He doesn’t like being laughed at.
（六）某些动词可接不定式也可接动名词做宾语，但意义有差别。
（1）like, love, hate, prefer等表示喜爱，厌恶的动词后面，
动名词表示______________________
不定式表示______________________
She likes dancing. But she wouldn’t like to dance with you.
He looked tired and I didn’t like to disturb him.
I don’t like reading, but I’d like to read a magazine in bed tonight.
Little Jim should love to be taken to the theatre this evening.
The reporter would /should like to see you again.
We don’t like talking about people behind their backs.
（2） forget to do sth. ___________________
forget doing sth.___________________
The light in the office is still on. She forgot to turn it off.
The light in the office is off. She turned it off, but she forgot turning it off.
（3）remember to do sth. _________________
remember doing sth. _________________
Do you remember meeting me at a party last year?
You must remember to leave tomorrow。
（4）stop to do sth. __________________
stop doing sth. __________________
She stopped to have a rest on a big rock by the side of the path.
As long as you live, your heart never stops beating,
（5） regret to do sth. _____________________
regret doing sth. ____________________
I regret saying that.
I regret to tell you the following truth.
（6）try to do sth. __________________
try doing sth. _________________
You must try to do it again.
Let’s try doing the work in some other way.
（7） mean to do sth. __________________
mean doing sth. __________________
If it means delaying more than a week, I’ll not wait.
I mean to help you, and nothing else. 。
I didn’t mean to hurt you. I’m sorry.
Declaring Taiwan independent means declaring war on China.
（8） go on to do sth. _____________________
go on doing sth. _____________________
After he finished his maths, he went on to do his physics.
I hope it won’t go on raining all day long.
现在做一些练习：
1．根据括号里的汉语意思用动名词填空：
1) ____________（游泳）is a very enjoyable exercise.
2) His work is ________________(修自行车).
3) Europeans uses an knife and a fork ______________(吃肉).
4) We will only succeed by ____________________(努力工作）.
5) Tom hates __________________(早晨9点以后起床).
6) I could' t help ________________(迟到).
7) _____________________(等着没用) there won' t be another bus.
2. 用动词不定式或动名词填空：
1) He wanted ____ (see) the book I had bought.
2) Please stop ___ (walk) about the room and sit down.
3) I called ____ (see) her yesterday but she was out.
4) In 1969, the United States succeeded in ____ (send) a rocket to the moon and ___ (land) two astronauts on its surface.
5) We decided ___ (put) off the meeting until Saturday.
6) Let me ___ (see) what you are doing.
7) When the professor finishes ____ (speak), we will ask him a question.
8) He made her ___ (go) although she wanted ___ (stay).
9) Please remember ____ (give) her this letter.
10) We heard him ___ (say) that he disliked ____ (go) abroad any more.
11) The child enjoyed ___ (play) at the seaside.
12) The little boy was made ___ (take) the medicine.
13) I watched the shop assistant ___ (take) the goods down for the shelf and put them on the counter.
14) He remembers ___ (go) to Shanghai with his parents when he was five.
15) She had her husband ___ (wash) her dirty linen.
16) The thief kept ____ (say) he hadn’t taken the purse.
17) The policeman saw him ___ (steal) the bicycle and ride away on it.
18) I’ve persuaded him ___ (help) us do the job.
19) You had better ____ (go) home now. It looks like rain.
20) Let me___ (know) if you had decided ____ (go).
21) He promised ___ (come) to our party.
22) I forget ____ (see) you there.
23) Don’t forget ___ (see) your grandma this Sunday.
24) I must apologize for not ___ (let) you know earlier.
三、分词
分词有现在分词和过去分词两种。
作为非谓语形式，分词可用作形容词和副词，在句子中充当定语、表语、补语和状语。但它仍保持动词的一般特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语。分词和自己的宾语、状语构成分词短语。
现在分词有一般式和完成式。它的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的行为或存在的状态；它的完成式（having + 过去分词）表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作或存在的状态。
现在分词有主动语态和被动语态(being + 过去分词)。
过去分词只有一般式，表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。过去分词（及物动词）本身可以表示被动的含义，因而没有别的被动形式。
（一）用法
1．作定语。
作定语的分词通常放在被修饰的名词________________。
如果被修饰的词是something，anything，everything，nothing等，则分词放在这些词________________。
分词短语通常放在被修饰的名词_________________。
This is an interesting book。
China is a developing country.
a broken heart
a risen sun
There is something interesting in the news。
The man sitting by the window is our math teacher。
The machine run by the old worker is made in Shanghai。
1. We lived in the house __________________(我舅舅们修建的).
2. Any medicine ________(服用) without the advice of a doctor can cause trouble.
3. We spent two hours discussing the plan ________________ (她制定的).
4. Lessons _____________ (易学的)are soon forgotten.
** ______________ (易学的) lessons are soon forgotten.
2、作状语。分词和分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、行为方式等意义。表示时间和原因的分词短语相当于对应的状语从句。
时间
When the students saw the teacher entering the room，They stood up。
= seeing the teacher entering the room, they stood up.
When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.
__________________________, I came across an old friend of mine.
After he had heard the news, he jumped with joy.
_________________________, he jumped with joy.
The metal expands when it is heated.
___________，the Metal expands.
When he was asked why he did not do it, he began to cry.
________________________________, he began to cry.
原因
As I was excited，I couldn’t go to sleep
_____________，I couldn’t go to sleep。
Because he was a student，he was interested in sports.
______________________，he was interested in sports.
Because they were inspired (激励) by Dr.Yang’s speech，Li Hua and his classmates decided to study physics harder
_______________，Li Hua and his classmates decided to study physics harder.
方式、伴随
The children went away。They laughed as they went.
The children went away laughing.
The professor stood there and he was surrounded by many students
The professor stood there，_______________________________
He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.
He sat on the sofa, _____________________
条件
If you work hard, you will succeed.
________________, you will succeed.
If you use your head, you will find a way.
________________, you will find a way.
If water is heated to a certain temperature, it turns into steam.
_________________________________, water turns into steam.
3、作宾语补足语。
现在分词
(I) 用在_____________之后作宾补
1. I saw him running along the street.
2. I felt an ant climbing over my leg.
3. Suddenly I noticed her standing outside.
4. I smell something burning.
5. I hear a girl singing in the hall.
(II) 用在 __________________之后做宾补
1. I would have him waiting for me at the gate of the park.
2. Sorry, I kept you waiting a long time.
3. They shut the door and left, leaving the fire burning.
过去分词
(I) 用在_______________ 之后作宾补。
1. The speaker raised his voice, but he still could not make himself heard.
2. Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentist’s.
3. They are going to have the entrance hall painted white.
(II) 用在 ______________ 之后作宾补。
1. He didn’t notice his wallet stolen.
2. I was washing my clothes when I heard my name called.
(III) 用在 ______________之后作宾补。
1. He did not want such question discussed.
2. I would like my living room painted light blue.
4、作表语。
The result of the test is disappointing.
I feel disappointed in the result of the test.
The story is very interesting
He is interested in the book.
The result is surprising.
I am surprised at what he said.
现在分词作表语，说明主语的性质或特征，意为______________，
exciting, moving, amusing, astonishing, frightening, interesting, relaxing, shocking, surprising, terrifying, tiring etc.
过去分词作表语多表示主语所处的状态，意为_________________，
excited, moved, amused, astonished, frightened, interested, relaxed, satisfied, surprised, terrified, tired etc.
过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别
（1）被动结构强调___________，而系表结构强调________________
（2）_________________可以接by + 动作的执行者，___________则不行。
The glass is broken.
The glass is broken by Tom.
The bookstore is closed at six.
The bookstore is closed now.
注意：
（1）分词作状语时，_____________ 和 ______________ 一致：
__________at the top of the mountain，I saw lots of people there.
__________from the top of the mountain, the city is beautiful.
__________again, I found the book interesting.
__________again, the book was found interesting.
（2）在see，hear，watch，notice等动词后，
用动词不定式作宾语补语，通常表示_______________________。
如果用现在分词作宾语补语，则通常表示____________________。
We sat two hours and watched the teacher __________ the experiment.
We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher________ the experiment.
（3）在“have+宾语+分词”的结构中，
现在分词表示 _____________________
过去分词表示 _____________________
动词不定式表示 ___________________
He had the fire ___________ (burn) day and night。
Father had me ___________(swim) the whole summer vacation。
Mary had her dress __________(wash).
Tom had his legs ____________ (break)
I had my watch __________(steal) yesterday。
My mother had me ___________ (wash) my dress.
The teacher had me ______________ (clean) the classroom.
（二）分词的时态和语态
上面已经谈到，过去分词可以表示“被动”和“完成”等意义，因此没有时态和
语态方面的形式变化。下面谈一下现在分词的时态和语态。
1.现在分词的完成式(having+过去分词)表示____________________________。
Having written the letter，John went to the post office.
(=After he had written the letter，John went to the post office.
Having lived in Beijing for years，Lao Wang knows the city quite well.
(=As he has lived in Beijing for years，Lao Wang knows the city quite well.)
Having drunk two glasses of water, Xiao Ma felt a little better.
(=After he had drunk two glasses of water Xiao Ma felt a little better.)
2.现在分词的被动语态(being +过去分词)通常表示“正在被…”的意思。如强调现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前时，可用现在分词被动语态的完成式(having + been +过去分词)。
The bridge being built will be completed next month.
Having been kept out of the room about half an hour for his returning late，Tom was let in.
exercises:
1、用现在分词或过去分词结构改写下列句子:
1）The teacher is taking a walk on the playground. He is our teacher of English.
2）The birds filled the air with music. They were singing in the trees.
3) Here is a novel. It was written b Lu Xun.
4) The language is English. It is spoken in Australia.
5) Do you know the number of students? They are coming to the English Evening.
6) I could hear the boys. They were playing in the field.
7) He was glad to find the fire. It was burning brightly.
8) I watched them. They were dancing.
9) I saw a man. He was banging at your door
10）Tom rushed into the room. He was covered with snow.
11）Mary sat on the ground. She talked with Jane.
12）I stood at the gate. I was waiting for his arrival.
13) John put on his raincoat because he saw that it was raining.
14) As he was stepping carelessly off the pavement, he was knocked down by the bus.
15) He used chopsticks. He ate his dinner.
16) As he was going downstairs he tripped on the carpet.
17) When I was learning English, I had much trouble in pronunciation.
18) As he himself was one of the exploited Pottier shared their bitterness and sufferings.
19) The bridge had been weakened by successive storms and was no longer safe.
20) What is the book? It is being translated.
21) As we did not know his address we could not get in touch with him.
22) As she had been there many times, she knew the place quit well.
23) As we had not got a reply from them, we became quite worried.
24) Because they had been brought up in the city, they knew little about farmwork.
25) He was a League member. He ought to take the lead in such activities.
2、改正下列句子中的错误(注意分词短语的逻辑主语和句子的主语是否一致)。
Example:
Climbing to the top of the hill, there is a magnificent view to be seen.
-----Climbing to the top of the hill, one can see a magnificent view.
-----If one climbs to the top of the hill, there is a magnificent view to be seen.
1）Being Sunday I shall have a quiet day at home.
______________ I shall have quiet day at home.
2）Entering the house, the door closed with a bang.
3）Walking through the park, the flowers made a lovely sight.
4）Waiting for a bus, a brick fell on my head.
5）Having been away from his hometown for more than thirty years, no one recognize him.
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇4：非谓语动词(人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
非谓语动词
(一)不定式
非谓语动词有三种形式：不定式，动词ing形式(v-ing)及过去分词(ed分词)。
不定式的基本形式是由“to+ 动词原形”构成，其否定形式是not to do，不定式可以带自己的宾语或状语，构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化，不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语，不作谓语。如：
Lucy asked him to turn up the radio.
To make a plan first is a good idea.
1. 动词不定式不失动词的特点，有时态和语态的变化，不定式有六种形式，以write为例：
主动态 被动态
一般式 to write to be written
完成式 to have written to have
been written
进行式 to be writing
完成进行式 to have
been writing
(1)不定式的时态：
①不定式所表达的动作与谓语动词同时发生或是在谓语动词之后发生，不定式用一般式，如：
It seems that he knows this.
鯤e seems to know this.
I hope that I'll see you again.
鯥 hope to see you again.
②不定式所表达的动作与谓语动词同时发生，并强调动作正在进行的情景，或持续性，不定式用进行式，如：
He pretended that he was listening to English course when I came in.
鯤e pretended to be listening to English course when I came in.
I am very glad that I am working with you.
鯥 am very glad to be working with you.
③不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前，不定式用完成式，如：
I am sorry that I have put you so much trouble.
鯥 am sorry to have put you so much trouble.
It seems that I have met you somewhere before.
鯥 seem to have met you somewhere before.
④如果强调不定式所表示的动作从过去某一时刻起一直持续到某一时刻，不定式用完成进行时，强调动作的持续性，不强调结果。如：
She seems to have been reading the novel for three hours.
The rain was said to have been falling for a week.
(2)不定式的语态：当不定式的逻辑主语与不定式是被动关系时，不定式一般用被动式。如：
This is the plan to be discussed at today's meeting.
The novel is said to have been translated into several languages.
Whether most countries can use natural energy in future remains to be seen.
2. 不定式的作用
(1)不定式作主语：
To say is one thing; to do is another.
To read novels is my hobby.
it形式主语常常代替作主语的不定式，而将不定式或不定式短语放在后面。
To talk with him is a great pleasure.
鯥t is great pleasure to talk with him.
To make electricity by building a dam across the sea is possible.
鯥t is possible to make electricity by building a dam across the sea.
注意：①To see is to believe. 主语和表语都是不定式，不能用it代替：It is to believe to see是错误的。
②To answer correctly is more important than to finish quickly. 而finish与finishing放在than后面都是不合适的，因为前面句子的主语是to answer，后面的主语也要是to finish, 保持than前后句子结构平行。
(2)不定式作表语：不定式在系词后面作表语。
At that time his job was to write reports for the newspaper.
This suit doesn't seem to fit me.
The problems remain to be unsettled.
(3)不定式作宾语：在下列及物动词后，常跟不定式作宾语：want, need, hope, wish, expect, like, hate, try, manage, forget, remember, know, begin, start, intend, plan, mean, pretend, prefer, agree, refuse, learn等。
To keep the water clean, you need to get some under water plants.
I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.
They have decided to visit the nature park for the milu deer.
注意：不定式作宾语时，有时用“it”替换，it为形式宾语，而将真正的不定式作宾语后置，如：
I found to learn English well not easy.
鯥 found it not easy to learn English well.
I feel to help others my duty.
鯥 feel it my duty to help others.
(4)不定式作宾语补足语和主语补足语：通常用于及物动词或动词短语之后，如：
Jim told me to give his best wishes to everyone here.
What caused you to change your mind?
在被动语态was considered后面，不定式为主语补足语接不定式作宾补和主补的动词常有:
ask, beg, cause, call n, help, force, allow, permit, advise, order, get, want, wish, tell
等。
(其中没有hope sb. to do, suggest sb. to do和agree sb. to do)
注意：①不定式作宾语补足语，在部分感官及使役动词后，用不带to的不定式作宾语，常用的动词有：let, make, have, see, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to, feel等，help有无to都可以，如：
The teacher had us recite the text every day.
The boss made his men work all the night.
把上面句子变成被动语态后，不定式成为句子的主语补足语，需带to，即在被动语态中不定式一律带to，不存在省略问题。
注意：②在谓语动词think, consider, suppose, believe, imagine, prove, find等后面跟to be作宾补，不跟to do，但其中有些可跟to have done作宾补。如：
imagine…to be
Imagine yourself(to be)in his place.
find…to be
We found him(to be)honest.
suppose…to be/suppose…to have done.
I suppose him to be about fifty.
We suppose him to have stolen it.
(5)不定式作定语：不定式作定语，有时与前面被修饰的名词逻辑上有动宾关系，如果不定式是不及物动词或所修饰的名词是不定式的地点，工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词，如：
I have a meeting to attend. (attend the meeting)
及物动词+ 宾语
Pass me a piece of paper to write on. (write on the paper)
不及物动词+ 介词+ 宾语
在time, place, way后面的不定式省略介词，如：
He had no money and no place to live.
其他不定式作定语情况，如：
I have no chance to go abroad.
They had never moment to rest.
注意：there be句型中的不定式作定语用主动或被动都可以
There is a lot of work to do.
=There is a lot of work to be done.
There is no time to lose.
=There is no time to be lost.
但是在下列句子中，不定式主动与被动形式意义不同：
--Have you anything to wash?
--No, nothing. I plan to go shopping.
不定式动作的执行者是you. you wash something
--Have you anything to be washed?
--No, Thank you.
不定式动作的执行者不是you. 是省略了的(…to be washed)by me或by someone else.
不定式作状语：
①作目的状语：
I got up early in order to catch the 6∶30 train.
The boy ran all the way so as not to be late.
注意：so as to不能置于句首，in order to可以。
②作原因状语：
He smiled to think of his clever plan.
③在某些形容词后面作状语：
I am glad to see you.
You are sure to succeed.
④作结果状语：
第一, I hurried to the post office, only to find it closed. (出乎意料的结果)
第二，too…to…“太……以至于不……”(to后面译作否定)
He is too old to read.
The boy is too young to dress himself.
当不定式前的形容词为nervous, pleased, willing, delighted, happy, glad等时，too…to，“to…”可译作肯定，
They are too nervous to leave. 他们急于离开
当too前有only, 即only too…to译作肯定
I am only too pleased to help you.
当不定式前有否定意义的词时译作肯定
We are never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。
第三，形容词/副词enough to do sth.
He was quick enough to catch the ball.
The girl is old enough to go to school.
第四，so…as to/such…as to如此……以致于……
He was so angry that he was unable to speak.
He was so angry as to be unable to speak.
He was such a fool that he believed the cheat.
He was such a fool as to believe the cheat.
⑤不定式作方面状语，不定式作方面状语与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式多用主动结构，如果不定式为及物动词，后面不必再跟宾语，如果不定式为不及物动词，要用相应的介词，如：
The mountain is difficult to climb. (动宾关系：climb the mountain)
不定式不说to climb it或to be climbed
Lesson Two is easy to learn. (动宾关系：learn Lesson Two)
有时由形容词+ to do结构一起做宾语补足语
3. 不定式的逻辑主语：不定式的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语，如He seemed to be reading something, 当需要明确指出不定式动作的执行者时，用for/of sb. (sth. )to do sth. 表示，如：
(1)当作表语的形容词表达不定式的逻辑主语的品行，性格，性质时，要用of，常见的这类形容词有:
brave, careful, careless, kind, nice, good, honest, clever, wise, unwise, stupid, foolish, rude, cruel, silly, thoughtful, impolite, polite, right, wrong, 等。这时It+ be+ 形容词+ of sb. /sth. to do sth. 句型，等于sb. /sth. + be+ 形容词to do sth. , 如：
It is very kind of you to say so.
相当于You are very kind to say so.
It is clever of him to win the competition.
鯤e is clever to win the competition.
It+ be+ 形容词+ for sb. /sth. to do sth. 这一句型中的形容词大多为：
easy, important, usual, difficult, hard, possible, impossible, necessary等。这些词只能说明不定式行为的是与非，不能说明不定式的执行者，所以不等于sb. + be+ 形容词+ to do sth. ，如：
1)It is difficult for beginners to read the book.
不能说：Beginners are difficult to read.
但是第一类，即It+ be+ 形容词+ of sb. to do sth. 句型中的形容词，如right, impolite…等如果强调评论人用of，强调评论行为也可用for，应用情况如下：
(1)当sb. 为泛指时，形容词着重评论不定式行为本身，如：
It was not right for the south to break away from the Union.
(2)当不定式为被动语态时，不定式的执行者常常省略，因此形容词只用来评论不定式行为了。
It was unkind for you to be laughed at.
总之for sb. to do sth. 强调不定式行为
of sb. to do sth. 强调不定式执行者
4. 带疑问词的不定式：动词不定式可以和疑问词what, which, how, where, when, whether等连用，构成不定式短语，如：
The question is when to start.
They haven't ageed on whether to build a factory here or not.
what to say.
I don't know what to write about.
how to do it.
注意：没有if to do和why to do.
I don't know why to do it. (误)
I don't know why I should do it. (正)
5. 不定式省略“to”的情况：
(1)当and或or连接同一概念的不定式时，或者当它们之间的关系并列一致时，可将and或or后面的to省去，如：
I'd like to go and see a film.
He had to have a job or go hungry.
但是，有时为了表示对照，或加强语气，则不可以省去to，如：
It is easier to say than to do.
(2)不定式在一部分感官或使役动词后面作宾补省略to。
(3)不定式在but(除了……以外)，except后面的使用，如果but, except前有行为动词do, but, except后省去to，如：
They had nothing to do but wait for the doctor.
The whole night he did nothing except watch TV.
(4)在固定句型中：would rather do…than do…/prefer to do rather than do:
1)The bus was so crowded that I'd rather walk home than take a bus.
2)I prefer to play tennis rather than(play)basketball.
6. “to”代表整个不定式：有时为了避免重复，省去不定式后面的内容，保留到不定式符号to, 如果是to be，保留到be，如：
--Will you please give him a message when you see him?
--I'll be glad to.
--Would you like to go shopping with me?
--I'd like to. (或I'd love to)
有时为了强调，也可以不省略。
Do what he or she tell you to do.
(二)动词-ing形式
动词-ing形式由动词原形+ ing构成。动词-ing形式起到名词、形容词和副词的作用，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、状语和宾语补足语，但不能单独构成谓语，其构成形式如下，以do为例：
主动 被动
一般时态 doing being done
完成时态 having done having been done
否定式：not+ 动词-ing.
Learning English is very important to me.
Having been widened, the road took on a different look.
随着-ing在句子中所做的成分不同，所用的时态和语态有不同的要求，关于-ing的时态和语态的详细使用，在下面ing所作的句子成分中讲述。
1. 动词-ing形式作主语：
Seeing is believing.
有时主语太长，可用it作形式主语，将真正主语放在后面。如：
It is fun swimming in a river or lake in summer.
注意：动词-ing与不定式作主语的区别：
①一般情况下可以换用：
It is dangerous playing/to play with fire.
但在口语中用动词-ing形式放在句首比不定式多。
Going shopping is a pleasant thing.
②在下列句型中习惯用-ing作主语，不用不定式：
It is no use
It is no good doing.
It is useless
It is useless only learning English grammar.
It is no good cutting down the forest.
③在there+ be+ no+ 主语结构中，必须用动词-ing作主语：
There is no telling what will happen in the future.
④主语和表语结构相同，对等。
Seeing is believing.
To see is to believe.
2. 动词-ing作宾语：
(1)在及物动词后：
Would you mind my sitting here?
We suggest going out for a picnic on Sunday.
(2)在介词后：
We look forward to seeing you again.
(3)在worth, busy, feel like, look like等形容词后面：
China Daily is well worth reading.
The firefighters were busy putting out the big fire.
They look like winning the relay race.
Suddenly I feel like eating something.
动词-ing做主语或宾语时，一般情况下其逻辑主语为句子的主语，如果需要自己的逻辑主语时，要用物主代词或名词所有格+ 动词-ing，如：
His/Li Ping's coming late, made the teacher unhappy.
Would you mind my/me smoking here?
当动词-ing不在句首时，可用人称代词宾格，名词普通格代替，但逻辑主语为无生命的名词，或泛指时，用普通格，如：
We heard the noise of desks being opened and closed.
3. 不定式与动词-ing作宾语的比较：
(1)在下列一些动词后面常跟动词-ing作宾语，而不跟不定式：
admit, appreciate, advise, avoid, allow, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape,
excuse, face, feel like, finish, fancy, forbid, forgive, imagine, include, keep, mention,
mind, miss, practice, resist, risk, suggest等。如：
He practices speaking English every day.
He admitted having broken the window.
I much appreciate your giving me the chance.
She dislikes doing housework.
He enjoys nothing but playing the computer.
(2)在下列一些动词后只跟不定式，不跟动词-ing作宾语：
want(想要)，hope, expect, wish, decide, would like, refuse, manage, pretend, demand,
offer, afford, plan, wonder, intend…等，如：
I am expecting to get a letter from my parents.
We are planning to build another research center.
I'd like to buy a new car made in the U. S. A.
(3)在下列一些动词后面跟不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语，意义不同，如：
I remember doing this exercise before.
我记得以前做过这个练习。
Remember to post the book for me.
记住帮我把那本书寄走。
归纳：remember doing记得(做过的事，某事已做过)
remember to do记住(去做某事，某事还没做)
We shall never forget hearing Jackson singing.
我们忘不了听杰克逊唱歌的情景。
Don't forget to give my regards to them.
别忘了代我向他们问好
归纳：forget doing忘了(做过的事，某事已做过)
forget to do忘了(去做某事，某事还没做)
I'll try to improve my pronunciation.
我要努力去纠正，提高我的发音。
Since no one answered the front door, why not try knocking at the back door?
既然前门没人答应，为什么不试试后门呢?
归纳：try to do. 尽力去做某事
try doing(用另外一种方法)试一试，试试看
I suggest we stop working and have a rest.
我建议我们停下干活，休息一会儿。
They stopped to listen, but there was no more sound.
他们停下来，听一听，再没什么声音。
归纳：stop to do停下(某事)去做某事，(表目的)
stop doing把某事停下来，(宾语)
What do you mean to do with your old bicycle?
你打算如何处理你那辆旧自行车?
I won't wait if it means delaying a week or so.
如果这意味着要推迟一星期左右，那我就不等了。
归纳：mean to do打算做某事
mean doing意味着做某事
(4)在love, like, hate, prefer后面跟不定式和动词-ing形式无多大区别，如：
Do you like to eat ice-cream?
I like traveling very much.
I like driving(do drive)fast cars.
(5)在start, begin后面，一般接不定式和动词-ing形式无多大区别，在下列情况下，多用不定式：
①自然界变化：
It started to rain.
Snow started to melt as spring came.
②心理活动，在understand, know, realize等词前面：
I began to understand my mother's feelings.
③begin, start本身为进行时：
Mother was starting to cook in the kitchen when I got home.
(6)在allow, advise, permit, forbid等动词后面，有名词或代词作宾语，用不定式做宾语补足语，如果没有宾语，直接用-ing形式，如：
1)We don't allow parking here.
2)The police don't allow people to park here.
3)He advised me to get an English pen friend.
4)I advise seeing more English films.
(7)need, require, want译作“需要”时，跟动词-ing作宾语，主动表示被动，相当于to be done，如：
The windows require cleaning.
The windows require to be cleaned.
The patient needs operating on at once.
The patient needs to be operated on.
The flowers want watering.
The flowers want to be watered.
(8)在一些固定表达中用动词-ing形式，不用不定式：
can't help doing, be worth doing, devote…to doing, look forward to doing, be/get/become used to doing, object to doing, thank…for doing, excuse…for doing等。
Einstein devoted his life to making a research in science.
I'm looking forward to getting your letter.
We are used to living in the countryside.
4. 动词-ing在句中作表语：
Our plan is setting up a new car factory.
My job is teaching/driving.
这类词作表语，起解释说明主语的作用，主表可颠倒：Teaching is my job. 转换成问句，用what提问：
--What's your job?
--My job is teaching.
这类词作表语，起描绘作用，主表不颠倒，转换成问句，用how提问
--How is your job?
--It is interesting.
--How was your trip?
--It is tiring, but interesting.
5. 动词-ing作定语：
(1)表示被修饰名词的用途：
There are two reading rooms in our school library.
a reading room其含义是A room is used for reading.
The swimming pool in our school is nearly completed.
the swimming pool其含义是The pool is used for swimming.
(2)如果动词-ing形式作定语表示被修饰的名词发出的一个正在进行的动作或某种特征行为，这时被修饰的名词与动词-ing逻辑上有主谓关系，如果是主动关系用doing, 被动关系用done, 或being done表达，另外有时间要求：
第一种情况：主动关系，-ing形式与谓语动词同时进行，或经常发生，用doing，如：
Look at the dancing girl. She is one of my classmates.
Look at the girl who is dancing. ….
China is a developing country.
China is a country that is developing.
注意：①如果动词-ing形式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，一般不用having done作定语，而用定语从句表达，如：
The teacher criticized the boy having broken the window. (误)
The teacher criticized the boy who had broken the window. (正)
注意：②如果表达的是未来发生的动作，或含有情态概念，用不定式表达，如：
I have a meeting to attend today.
鯥 have a meeting that I will attend today.
Mary is the proper worker to do the job.
鯩ary is the proper worker who can do the job.
第二种情况：被动关系：动词-ing表达的动作与谓语动词同时发生，正在进行，用being done; 发生在谓语动词之前，完成了的动作用done；发生在谓语动词之后，未来的动作，用to be done. 如：
The bridge being built now is two kilometers long.
鯰he bridge that is being built now is two kilometers long.
The bridge built last year is two kilometers long.
鯰he bridge that was built last year is two kilometers long.
The bridge to be built next year will be two kilometers long.
鯰he bridge that will be built next year will be two kilometers long.
6. 动词-ing作宾语补足语和主语补足语：经常在see, hear, feel, watch, notice,
observe, find, get, look at, listen to, keep, leave, send, set, catch等一些动词后面用动词-ing作补语，其中宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上有主谓关系，如果主谓关系是主动的，又表示动作在进行，或状态的持续，用doing; 如果主谓关系是被动的，又表示动作在进行，用being done，如：
I noticed them repairing the car.
鯳hen they were repairing the car, I noticed.
I noticed the car being repaired.
鯳hen the car was being repaired, I noticed.
如果宾语和宾补是主动关系，又表示动作的全过程，即完成或一般时态，宾补用不定式to do表达(在某些动词后面不定式不带to)；如果是被动关系，又表示动作的全过程，即完成时态用done表达，如：
I often notice them repair the car.
I noticed the car repaired.
如果把上述句子变成被动语态，宾语补足语就变成主语补足语了。
7. 动词-ing形式作状语：动词-ing形式作状语时，要求其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，句子的主语与动词-ing形式逻辑上有主谓关系。如果主谓关系是主动的，用主动语态；-ing动作与谓语动词同时发生用一般式doing, 如果-ing动作发生在谓语动词之前，用完成式having done, 如：
Walking along the street, I met a friend of mine.
相当于When I was walking along the street, I met a friend of mine.
Having finished their work, they had a rest. 相当于After they had finished their work, they had a rest.
如果主谓关系是被动的，用被动语态；-ing动作与谓语动词同时发生，用done；如果-ing动作发生在谓语动词之前，已完成的动作，用被动语态的完成式having been done, 如：
Having been cleaned and decorated, our classroom took on a new look.
相当于After our classroom had been cleaned and decorated, our classroom took on a new look.
Well known for his expert advice, he was able to help many people.
相当于As he is well known for his expert advice, he was able to help many people.
注意：-ing形式做状语时，如果-ing形式需要自己的逻辑主语，人称代词用主格，名词用普通格，如：
Mother/She being ill, he had to stay home to look after her.
It being Sunday, the shops are crowded.
(三)过去分词
过去分词由动词+ ed构成，起到形容词和副词的作用，在句中可作状语、表语、定语和宾语补足语。过去分词的性质是被动，完成，但有时侧重程度，有时侧重被动，不及物动词变成的过去分词无被动的意义，过去分词形式由动词原形加词尾-ed构成，及部分不规则的词如：done, played.
①侧重程度：
boiling water 沸水 fallen leaves落叶
boiled water 凉开水 frozen chicken冷冻鸡
developing country 发展中的国家
developed country 发达国家
②侧重主、被动：
a broken glass, a dancing girl, a damaged house.
1. 过去分词的作用：
(1)过去分词作状语：同动词-ing形式作状语一样，过去分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语，如是被动关系，又与谓语动词同时发生，或无一定时间对比，用过去分词，如：
Seen from the top of the mountain, the lake looks like a mirror. (相当于The lake is seen)
相当于When the lake is seen from the top of the mountain it looks like a mirror.
Heated, water can turn into vapor.
相当于If it is heated, water can turn into vapor.
(2)过去分词作表语：
We are interested in science.
(3)过去分词作定语：过去分词作定语，有时间要求，发生在谓语动词之前，即完成的动作，用done，而不用having been done.
The bridge built last year is 2 kilometers long.
People invited to the party are most scientists.
(4)过去分词作宾补：
I noticed the car repaired.
2. 过去分词与动词-ing形式的区别：
(1)作表语和定语的区别：动词-ing形式表示事物对人造成的影响，事物是主动的，常译成令人……，使人……；过去分词表示人对事物的看法产生的心理反应，人是被动的，常译作：感到……如：
The news is surprising.
We are surprised at the news.
这类词很多，如：inspiring, inspired, astonishing, astonished, tiring, tired,
moving, moved, disappointing, disappointed, worrying, worried, encouraging, encouraged, …….
(2)作宾补的区别：宾语与宾补逻辑上有主谓关系，主动用动词-ing或不定式表达，被动用being done或done表达。
We found him standing outside the door.
He found the door locked.
(3)作状语的区别：用作状语的动词，与句子的主语逻辑上有主谓关系、主动用-ing形式，被动用过去分词。
The boy entered the room, followed by a dog.
相当于The boy entered the room and he was followed by a dog.
The boy entered the room, following his father.
相当于The boy entered the room and followed his father.
(4)-ing形式与ed分词都可以作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、结果、让步、程度，如：
Having brought her father back to England, Lucy helped him to get better. (时间)
After she had brought her father back to England, Lucy helped him to get better.
Disturbed by the noise, we had to finish the meeting early. (原因)
We had to finish the meeting early because we were disturbed by the noise.
Born a free man, he was now in chains. (让步)
Though he was born a free man, he was now in chains.
(If) bitten by a snake, you should send for help and not walk. (条件)
鯥f you are bitten by a snake, you should send for help and not walk.
The boy ran in, carrying a ball in his arm. (伴随)
鯰he boy ran in and carried a ball in his arm.
He dropped the plate, breaking it into pieces. (结果)
鯤e dropped the plate and broke it into pieces.
(5)-ing形式与ed分词的否定式，由not+ -ing构成：
Not knowing how to do it, I asked him for help.
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇5：不规则动词总表 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
不规则动词总表
________________________________________
Infinitive不定词 Pasttense过去式 PastParticiple过去分词
abide
arise
awake
be
bear
beat
become
befall
beget
begin
behold
bend
bereave
beseech
beset
bet
betake
bethink
bid
bind
bite
bleed
blend
bless
blow
break
breed
bring
broadcast
build
burn
burst
buy
cast
catch
chide
choose
cleave
cling
clothe
come
cost
creep
crow
cut
dare
deal
dig
dive
do
draw
dream
drink
drive
dwell
eat
fall
feed
feel
fight
find
flee
fling
fly
forbear
forbid
forecast
foreknow
foresee
foretell
forget
forgive
forsake
forswear
freeze
gainsay
get
gild
gird
give
go
grave
grind
grow
hamstring
hang
have
hear
heave
hew
hide
hit
held
hurt
inlay
keep
kneel
knit
know
lade
lay
load
lean
leap
learn
leave
lend
let
lie
light
lose
make
mean
meet
melt
miscast
misdeal
misgive
mislay
mislead
misspell
misspend
mistake
misunderstand
mow
outbid
outdo
outgo
outgrow
outride
outrun
outshine
overbear
overcast
overcome
overdo
overhang
overhear
overlay
overleap
overlie
override
overrun
oversee
overshoot
oversleep
overtake
overthrow
partake
pay
prove
put
quit
read
rebind
rebuild
recast
redo
relay
remake
rend
repay
rerun
reset
retell
rewrite
rid
ride
ring
rise
rive
run
saw
say
see
seek
sell
send
set
sew
shake
shave
shear
shed
shine
shoe
shoot
show
shrink
shrive
shut
sing
sink
sit
slay
sleep
slide
sling
slink
slit
smell
smite
sow
speak
speed
spell
spend
spill
spin
spit
spoil
spread
spring
stand
stave
steal
stick
sting
stink
strew
stride
strike
string
strive
swear
sweep
swell
swim
swing
take
teach
tear
tell
think
thrive
throw
thrust
tread
unbend
unbind
underbid
undergo
understand
undertake
undo
upset
wake
waylay
wear
weave
weep
win
wind
withdraw
withhold
withstand
work
wring
write abode,abided
arose
awoke
was
bore
beat
became
befell
begot
began
beheld
bent
bereaved,bereft
besought
beset
bet,betted
betook
bethought
bade,bid
bound
bit
bled
blended,blent
blessed,blest
blew
broke
bred
brought
broadcast,broadcasted
built
burnt,burned
burst
bought
cast
caught
chided,chid
chose
clove,cleft
clung
clothed,clad
came
cost
crept
crowed,crew
cut
dared,durst
dealt
dug
dived;(US)dove
did
drew
dreamt,dreamed
drank
drove
dwelt
atee
fell
fed
felt
fought
found
fled
flung
flew
forbore
forbade,forbad
forecast,forecasted
foreknew
foresew
foretold
forgot
forgave
forsook
forswore
froze
gainsaid
got
gilded,gilt
girded,girt
gave
went
graved
ground
girew
hamstringed,hamstrung
hung,hanged
had
heard
heaved,hove
hewed
hid
hit
held
hurt
inlaid
kept
knelt
knitted,knit
knew
laded
laid
led
lesnt,leaned
leapt,leaped
learnt,learned
left
lent
let
lay
lit,lighted
lost
made
meant
met
melted
miscast
misdealtmisdealt
misgave
mislaid
misled
misspelt
misspent
mistook
misunderstood
mowed
outbid
outdid
outwent
outgrew
outrode
outran
outshone
overbore
overcast
overcame
overdid
overhung
overheard
overlaid
overleapt,overleaped
overlay
overrode
overran
oversaw
overshot
overslept
overtook
overthrew
partook
paid
proved
put
quitted,quit
read[red]
rebound
rebuilt
recast
redid
relaid
remade
rent
repaid
reran
reset
retold
rewrote
red,redded
rode
rang
rose
rived
ran
sawed
said
saw
sought
sold
sent
set
sewed
shook
shaved
sheared
shed
shone
shod
shot
showed
shrank,shrunk
shrove,shrived
shut
sang,sung
sank,sunk
sat
slew
slept
slid
slung
slunk
slit
smelt;smelled
smote
sowed
spoke
sped,speeded
spelt,spelled
spent
spilt,spilled
spun,span
spat,spit
spoilt,spoiled
spread
sprang,sprung
stood
staved,stove
stole
stuck
stung
stank,stunk
strewed
strode
struck
strung
strove
swore
swept
swelled
swam
swung
took
taught
tore
told
thought
throve,ghrived
threw
thrust
trod
unbent
unbound
underbid
underwent
understood
undertook
undid
upset
woke,waked
waylaid
wore
wove
wept
won
wound
withdrew
withheld
withstood
worked,wrought
wrung
wrote abode,abided
arisen
awaked,awoken
been
borne,born
beaten
become
befallen
begotten
begun
beheld
bent
bereaved,bereft
besought
beset
bet,betted
betaken
bethought
bidden,bid
bound
bitten,bit
bled
blended,blent
blessed,blest
blown
broken
bred
brought
broadcast,broadcasted
built
burnt,burned
burst
bought
cast
caught
chided,chidden
chosen
cloven,cleft
clung
clothed,clad
come
cost
crept
crowed
cut
dared
dealt
dug
dived
done
drawn
dreamt,dreamed
drunk
driven
dwelt
aten
fallen
fed
felt
fought
found
fled
flung
flown
forborne
forbidden
forecast,forecasted
foreknown
foreseen
foretold
forgotten
forgiven
forsaken
forsworn
frozen
gainsaid
got;(US)gotten
gilded
girded,girt
given
gone
graven,graved
ground
grown
hamstringed,hamstrung
hung,hanged
had
heard
hesved,hove
hewed,hewn
hidden
hit
held
hurt
intaid
kept
knelt
knitted,knit
known
laden
laid
led
lesnt,leaned
leapt,leaped
learnt,learned
left
lent
let
lain
lit,lighted
lost
made
meant
met
meited,molten
miscast
misgiven
mislaid
misled
misspelt
misspent
mistaken
misunderstood
mown;(US)mowed
outbid
outdone
outgone
outgrown
outridden
outrun
outshone
overborne
overcast
overcome
overdone
overhung
overheard
overlaid
overleapt,overleaped
overlain
overridden
overun
overseen
overshot
overslept
overtaken
overthrown
partaken
paid
proved,proven
put
quitted,quit
read[red]
rebound
rebuilt
recast
redone
relaid
remade
rent
repaid
rerun
reset
retold
rewritten
rid,ridded
ridden
rung
risen
riven,rived
run
sawn,sawed
said
seen
sought
sold
sent
set
sewn,sewed
shaken
shaved,shaven
sheared,shorn
shed
shone
shod
shot
shown,showed
shrunk,shrunken
shriven,shrived
shut
sung
sunk;sunken
sat
slain
slept
slid
slung
slunk
slit
smelt;smelled
smitten
sown,sowed
spoken
sped,speeded
spelt,spelled
spent
spilt,spilled
spun
spat,spit
spoilt,spoiled
spread
sprung
stood
staved,stove
stolen
stuck
stung
stunk
strewn,strewed
stridden,strid
struck,stricken
strung
striven
sworn
swept
swollen,swelled
swum
swung
taken
taught
torn
told
thought
thriven,thrived
thrown
thrust
trodden,trod
unbent
unbound
underbid,underbidden
undergone
understood
undertaken
undone
upset
woken,waked
waylaid
worn
woven
wept
won
wound
withdrawn
withheld
withstood
worked,wrought
wrung
written
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇6：语法-----动词和动词短语 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
语法-----动词和动词短语
编号：081030 编者：管月敏
一. 单句改错：
1. She’s having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesn’t know whom to turn.
2. “Goodbye, then,” she said, without even looking down from her book.
3. He was grown up in the countryside, so he knows a lot about farmers.
4. If we can go over our present difficulties, then everything should be all right.
5. --- Have you got up with some new ideas?
--- Yeah. I’ll tell you later.
二. 用所给动词的适当短语填空：
1. give
1) You must finish your papers before 12:30, when they shall be _________.
2) He doesn’t only ____________ money; he spends his whole life in looking after the poor.
3) The gas _____________ an unpleasant smell.
4) Finally he was persuaded to ______________ smoking.
5) The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was __ on the radio yesterday.
2. get
1) Hardly could he ____________ this amount of work in such a short time.
2) It is going to rain. Can you ___________ the clothes for me?
3) It took me an hour to get intention _______ to her.
4) I am afraid I didn’t ___________ well with my studies.
5) ---The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.
---Don’t worry.We have already _____________ two thirds of it.
3. take
1) I won’t __________ much of your time.
2) When shall I __________ my new duties?
3) He has ___________ Spanish recently.
4) The young politician __________ the leadership of the party.
5) I will ___________ your number and ask him to call you back.
6) Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026___________ at 18:20.
4. turn
1) ___________ the light before you go out.
2) A big wave ___________ the fishing boat. Luckily, no one was injured.
3) I needn’t have taken my umbrella, because it __________ to be a fine day.
4) To my delight, the key I lost __________ the other day.
5) Believe it or not, Tom is the right person you can __________ when you are in trouble.
6) He is very discouraging because every time he offers some help to her, it will be __________.
5. break
1) I was still sleeping when the fire __________ , and then it spread quickly.
2) The car __________ on the way again.
3) The young man was so impolite that he kept __________ with silly questions.
4) Their friends all wondered what ___________ their marriage?
5) The poor man had his house ____________ last night.
6. put
1) Never ___________ until tomorrow what you can do today.
2) ____________ your toys and let’s have dinner.
3) You’d better ___________ your coat before going out. It’s so cold outside.
4) The toy car was pulled down. Can you _____ it _____ again?
5) Mother __________ all the lights before going to bed.
7. go
1) --- Do you think that housing price will keep __________ in the years to come? Many people can’t afford it.
--- Sorry, I have no idea.
2) We were all tired out, so we couldn’t ___________.
3) Suddenly all the lights ___________, and it was all dark.
4) ---- Didn't you have a good time at the party?
---- Of course I did. As a matter of fact, I had such fun that time seemed to _________ so quickly.
5) The poor girl has __________ such a lot since her parents died.
6) ---Could I use your dictionary?
---Sure, __________.
7) Whoever __________ nature will be punished by it.
8. make
1) She has grown up and I can’t ______ her ______ any more.
2) Culturl exchange __________ better understanding.
3) Mother was skillfully _______ her coat ______ my skirt.
4) He says he will get up at six tomorrow morning, but he’ll never __________.
5) The group is ____________ 6 experts and 20 students.
9. come
1) Tell me how the accident ___________ last night.
2) I __________ an old friend of mine at the station yesterday.
3) It's already 10 o'clock I wonder how it _______ that she is two hours late on such a short trip.
4) These customs have __________ to us through many a generation.
5) You have ____________ a good idea.
掌握较好的＞80% 题号: 分析
掌握一般的60%~80% 题号: 分析
掌握较差的 ＜60% 题号: 分析
难点教学建议
Keys:
一. 1. turn 后加to 2. down---up 3. grown-brought 4. go-get 5. got-come
二. 1. given in; give away; gives off; given out
2. get through; get in; get …across; get on; get through
3. take up; take on; taken up; took over; take down; takes off
4. Turn off; turned over; turned out; turned up; turn to; turned down
5. broke out; broke down; breaking in; broke up; broken into
6. put off; Put away; put on; put…together; put out
7. going up; go on; went out; go by; gone through; go ahead; goes against
8. make…out; makes for; making into; make it; made up of
9. came about; came across; comes out; come down; come up with
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇7：考点5 动词及动词短语 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
考点5 动词及动词短语
1. It was already past midnight and only three young men __________ in the tea house.
A. left B. remained C. delayed D. deserted
2. It’s already 10 o’clock I wonder how it ________ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
A. came over B. came out C. came about D. came up
3. The building around the comer caught fire last night. The police are now ________ the matter.
A. geeing through B. working out C. looking into D. watching over
4. - Four dollars a pair? I think it’s a bit too much.
- If you buy three pairs, the price for each will ________ to three fifty.
A. come down B. take down C. turn over D. go over
5. Please tell me how the accident ________. I am still in the dark.
A. came by B. came upon C. came to D. came about
6. Could you please tell me where you bought the shoes you ________ yesterday?
A. tried on B. put on C. had on D. pulled on
7. To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it ________ into parts.
A. down B. up C. off D. out
8. As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village scenes of my childhood.
A. called up B. called for C. called on D. called in
9. Although the wind has , the rain remains steady, so you still need a raincoat.
A. turned up B. gone back C. died down D. blown out
10. Sherlock Homels was often able to a mystery without leaving his rooms on Baker Street.
A. tear up B. clean up C. clear up D. show up
11. Whenever we are to walk on the ice, do that it is solid and thick.
A. examine B. cheek C. try D. try out
12. - Smoking is bad for your health.
- Yes, I know. But I simply can’t .
A. give it up B. give it in C. give it out D. give it away
13. It is certain that he will his business to his son when he gets old.
A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over
14. The computer system suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.
A. broke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke in
15. Her lost eyesight was by her sharp sense of hearing.
A. made up for B. made out C. made up of D. made up
16. People with loud voices really me .
A. turn; in B. turn; down C. turn; on D. turn; off
17. - The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.
- Don’t worry. We have already two thirds of it.
A. got down B. got through C. given in D. given away
18. Kathy a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.
A. picked up B. took up C. made up D. turned up
19. The dictionary is being printed and it will soon
A. turn out B. come out C. start out D. go out
20. If any one happens to drop in while I am out, him or her leave a message.
A. have B. get C. ask D. tell
21. It’s the present situation in poor areas that much higher spending on education and training.
A. answers for B. provides for C. calls for D. plans for
22. What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has ？
A. given out B. put out C. held up D. use up
23. Modern plastics can very high and very low temperatures.
A. stand B. hold C. carry D. support
24. We went to Canada to travel and my cousin as our guide.
A. played B. showed C. acted D. performed
25. I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson .
A. cut in B. cut down C. cut out D. cut up
26. The company is starting a new advertising campaign to new customers to its stores.
A. join B. attract C. stick D. transfer
27. Before building a house, you will have to the government’s permission.
A. get from B. follow C. receive D. ask for
28. I couldn’t . The line was busy.
A. go by B. go around C. get in D. get through
29. - Ow! I’ve burnt myself!
- How did you do that?
- I a hot pot.
A. touched B. kept C. felt D. held
30. The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without his notes.
A. bringing up B. referring to C. looking for D. trying on
31. This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can my father.
A. find out B. pick out C. look out D. speak out
32. They started off late and got to the airport with minutes to .
A. spare B. catch C. leave D. make
33. Nowadays, it’s considered acceptable for a couple to _ the marriage if it can’t bring them happiness.
A. hold down B. give away C. break off D. cut off
34. In our childhood, we were often by grandma to pay attention to our table manners.
A. demanded B. reminded C. allowed D. hoped
35. April Fool’s Day is coming. Be careful not to be when others play tricks on you.
A. brought in B. caught in C. taken in D. made in
36. - Julia said she sent you a birthday card yesterday. Have you got it?
- Oh, really! I haven’t my mailbox yet.
A. examined B. reviewed C. tested D. checked
37. The doctor suggested my wife and me more exercise every day.
A. take B. taking C. to take D. took
38. Sometimes a footballer receives a yellow card for trying to the game.
A. hold up B. stay up C. break up D. point up
39. How proud she is! She has been Beijing University.
A. admitted to B. agreed to C. received by D. entered in
40. His idea of having weekly family meals together, which seemed difficult at first, has many good changes in their lives.
A. got through B. resulted from C. turned into D. brought about
41. Don’t take all the things. You should learn to with others.
A. spare B. share C. offer D. spend
42. When to repairing a computer, I have little knowledge of it.
A. I come B. it comes C. we come D. they come
43. The doctor had almost hope at one point, but the patient finally .
A. pulled out B. pulled through C. pulled up D. pulled over
44. After a year’s training, I’m sure he will the target.
A. hit B. strike C. beat D. knock
45. - I wonder if Joe has really learnt Italian.
- Not really. He just a few words of Italian by playing with the local children.
A. kept up B. picked up C. drew up D. caught up
46. - Ling Feng won the first prize in national English competition.
- Oh, really? I’m glad that her efforts at last .
A. worked out B. got back C. paid off D. turned out
II. 考点小资料（动词）
1．无被动结构的特殊动词：have, own, fit, last, want, suit, fail等；
2．含被动意义的主动语态的动词：feel, smell, taste, sound, prove等；
3．无进行时的动词： (1) 描写智力的：know, realize, understand, recognize, believe, feel, suppose, think, imagine, doubt, remember, forget, want, need, prefer, mean等；
(2) 描写感情状况的：love, like , appreciate, hate, dislike, fear, end, mind, care等；
(3) 表“所有，拥有”的：possess, have, own, belong等；
(4) 描写感官、官能状况的：taste, smell, sound, hear, look feel, see等；
(5) 表“存在”的：be, exist, obtain, stay等。
4．主动形式表示被动意义的情况
(1) 某些连系动词的主动形式表示被动意义，如 look，smell，taste，sound，feel，appear，prove，后面接形容词或名词做表语。如：The roses smell sweet. The theory proved true.
(2) 某些具有及物意义的不及物动词的主动形式表示被动意义，如read，write，translate，record，lock，shut，open，wash，clean，run，sell等。如：Your composition reads well. His voice records well.
(3) 表示开始、结束、运动的动词，如begin，finish，start，open，close，stop，end，shut，run，move等。如：Work began at 7 o’clock this morning．The shop closes at 6 p．m．everyday．
(4) 少数动词用于进行时，主动形式表示被动含义，如print，build，cook，fly，hang，make等。如：The books are printing. The meat is cooking. My coat is hanging behind the door.
(5) 某些不及物动词(短语)的主动形式表示被动的意义。常见的有：happen，take place，break out， belong to，go out，run out等。如： The Anti -Japanese War broke out in 1937. The fire went out gradually.
5．三个特殊句式的固定时态： (1) This/It is the first/second … time + that从句。从句中一般用现在完成时，前面的is为was时，则用过去完成时。如：This is the first time I have come to the famous city. / It was the forth time he had made the same mistake. (2) It is/has been + 一段时间 + since从句。since从句中一般用一般过去时，如果前面是was，则since从句中用过去完成时。如：It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time．(3) It + be + 一段时间 + before从句。如果主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，意思是多长时间后即将发生某事；如果主句用过去时，从句也用过去时，意思是多长时间后发生了某事。如：It won’t be long before he succeeds．(要不了多久他就会成功) / It was ten years before they met again．(十年后，他们又见面了)
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇8：非谓语动词-动词不定式 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
非谓语动词-动词不定式
问题：
1. 动词不定式在句中可以充当哪些成分？
2. 动词不定式有几种时态和语态的变化?
3. 动词不定式和动名词做主语有什么区别？
4. 介词后可以用动词不定式做宾语吗？
5. 哪些动词后跟不定式做宾语补足语时要省略to?
6. 动词不定式可以做哪些状语呢？
7. 哪些情况下常用动词不定式做定语？
8. 做插入语的动词不定式常见的有哪些？
Exercise 1: 判断：下列动词不定式在句中充当什么成分？
1. I feel lucky to have won a place on this trip.
2. It (the volcano) continued to erupt for the next three days.
3. How amazing it is to see the ancient Roman city of Pompeii as it was 2,000 years ago!
4. People started to dig in the area for treasure.
5. It’s hard to imagine how this quiet volcano destroyed the whole city.
6. Tomorrow we are off to Naples to visit the museum.
7. I was too tired to eat anything we were given.
8. Loulan is believed to have been gradually covered over by sandstorms from AD200 to AD500.
9. I am so excited to be here!
10. Suddenly Polly felt a rough hand brush her face.
11. Polly heard it (the stick) hit the step.
12. Polly was beginning to feel frightened again.
13. Would you like to come in and rest for a while?
14. It gives me the chance to pay back the help that people give me when it’s sunny.
15. The shark bumps you to find out if you are fit to be eaten.
Exercise 2: 用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. I hope ____________ (see) you next week.
2. The car needs _________________ (repair) before we go on a trip to Europe.
3. I am sorry ______________ (give) you so much trouble.
4. Don’t pretend ______________ (work) hard. Just do what you should.
5. She is said ___________________ (write) the novel about New York for years.
6. The room seems _________________ (tidy) up already.
7. The meeting is ______________ (hold) tomorrow.
8. I am happy ___________________ (work) with you for so many years.
Exercise 3: 用所给动词的适当形式填空。
9. _____________ (read) aloud is good for your English learning.
10. It’s impossible _______________ (finish) all the homework within two hours.
11. Seeing is _____________ (believe).
12. It’s a waste of time _____________ (argue) with him.
13. It’s no use __________ (discuss) with him since he has made up his mind.
14. It’s important and necessary ________ (master) a foreign language and computer skills.
15. It is my duty __________ (help) you with you English studies.
16. It takes only 2 hours _________ (arrive) in shanghai by bullet train.
Exercise 4: 翻译句子。
17. 我对该干什么感兴趣，而对如何做并不感兴趣。
I’m interested in _________________________________.
18. 他怎么也不去上学。He does everything _______________________________.
19. 我没办法只好放弃这次出国的机会。I had no choice ___________this chance to go abroad.
20. 我没有办法只好依靠自己。 I have got nothing to do ______________________.
Exercise 5:补全句子。
21. 医生劝我多休息。 The doctor advised me __________________________．
22. 我让他们参加我们的讨论。I got them _____________________ in the discussion．
23. 他们在等校长来。They are waiting for the headmaster ______________________.
24. 大家都认为Jack是个勤奋的孩子。
Everyone thought Jack _________________________________．
25. 我们相信它是真的。We believe it ____________________________.
26. 我看见那位女士锁上了门。 I saw the lady ___________________________．
27. 我们没让任何人进来。 We didn’t let anyone ____________________________．
Exercise 6: 用所给动词适当形式填空。
28. His parents died, _____________ (leave) him an orphan.
29. He rushed to the post office only ___________ (find) it was closed.
Exercise 7: 用所给动词适当形式填空。
30. The man __________________(speak) at the meeting now is from America.
31. Do you know the professor _____________(speak) at the meeting tomorrow?
32. He is the professor ______________(invite) to dinner last month.
Key：
Exercise 1: 略
Exercise 2:
1. to see 2. to be repaired/repairing 3. to have given 4. to be working 5. to have been writing 6. to have been tidied 7. to be held 8. to have been working 9. Reading 10. to finish 11. believing 12. arguing 13. discussing 14. to master 15. to help 16. to arrive 17. what to do but not how to do it 18. but go to school 19. but to give up 20. but depend on myself 21. to have some rest. 22. to join us 23. to come 24. to be hardworking 25. to be true 26. lock the door 27. come in 28. leaving 29. to find 30. speaking 31. to speak 32. invited
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇9：情态动词和被动语态练习(人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
情态动词和被动语态练习
1.Liza ___ well not want to go on the trip --- she hates traveling.
A. will B. can C. must D. may
2. John promised his doctor he ________ not smoke, and he has smoked ever since.
A. might B. should C. could D. would.
3. They must have been enjoying themselves there, otherwise they ________ so long.
A. can’t have stayed B. wouldn’t have stayed C. needn’t have stayed D. couldn’t stay
4. What a pity. Considering his ability and experience, he ____ better.
A. need have done B. must have done C. can have done D. might have done
5.You can’t imagine that a top student _________ have failed in the college entrance examination.
A. might B. need C. should D. would
6. Although this ____ sound like a simple task, great care is needed.
A. must B. may C. shall D. should
7. She ______ have left school, for her bike is still here.
A. can’t B. wouldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
8. ---I can’t find my purse anywhere.
---You have lost it while shopping.
A. may B. can C. should D. would
9 . Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter go and do the opposite.
A. may B. can C. must D. should
10. Peter ______ be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.
A. shall B. should C. can D. must
11. ---Could you tell me what happened last night?
---I can’t go into detail now because it _______ take too long.
A. would B. should C. might D. could
12. You don’t have to know the name of the author to find a book. You ____find the book by the title.
A. must B. need C. can D. would
13.---How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?
---It should________ be, but it is now heavily polluted.
A. will B. would C. should D. must
14.---Guess what! I have got A for my term paper.
---Great! You _________ read widely and put a lot of work into it.
A. must B. should C. must have D. should have
15.The biggest problem for most plants, which ___________ just get up and run away when threatened(威胁), is that animals like to eat them.
A. shan’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
16. If it were not for the fact that she ___________ sing, I would invite her to the party.
A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. might not
17.---May I smoke here?
---If you __________, choose a seat in the smoking section.
A. should B. could C. may D. must
18.---What’s the name?
---Khulaifi. __________ I spell that for you?
A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Might
19.---Where’s is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.
--- You ___________ it in the wrong place.
A. must put B. should have put C. might put D. might have put
20. ---What does the sigh over there read?
--- No person __________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.
A. will B. may C. shall D. must
21.---My cat’s really fat.
--- You _________ have given here so much food.
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
22. ---What do you think we can do for our aged parents?
---You_________ do anything except to be with them and be yourself.
A. don’t have to B. oughtn’t to C. mustn’t D. can’t
23.--- Turn off the TV, Jack. _________ your homework now?
---Mum, just ten more minutes, please.
A. should you be doing B. Shouldn’t you be doing
C. Couldn’t you be doing D. Will you be doing
24. We __________ have proved great adventures, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.
A. needn’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
25.---Mom’s gift? She_______ have chosen a better one for me.
---She _______ be very happy to know it.
A. should; must B. might; wouldn’t C. couldn’t; must D. mustn’t; can’t
26. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _______ at least 150 kilometers an hour.
A. should have been doing B. must have been doing
C. could have done D. would have done
27. The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front ______ to arrive.
A. is expected B. is expecting C. expects D. will be expected
28. I like these English songs and they ________many times on the radio.
A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. have been taught
29.---Who should be responsible for the accident?
---The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order _________.
A. as told B. as are told C. as telling D. as they told
30. I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention _____ when we talked on the phone.
A. to promote B. having been promoted
C. having promoted D. to be promoted
31.--- Do you think we should accept that offer?
---Yes, we should, for we_________such bad luck up till now, and time__________out.
A. have had; is running B. had; is running
C. have; has been run D. have had; has been run
32. He as a national hero for winning the first gold medal for his country in the Olympics.
A. regarded B. was regarded C. . has regarded D. had been regarded
33.---What’s that noise?
---Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine ______.
A. was tested B. will be tested C. is being tested D. has been tested
34. As the yeas passed, many occasions-birthdays, awards, graduations-__________ with Dad’s flowers.
A. are marked B. were marked C. have marked D. had marked
35. It is said that the early European playing cared_________ for entertainment and education.
A. were being designed B. have designed
C. have been designed D. were designed
36.We tried many times, but the engine just _________.
A. wouldn’t start B. wasn’t started C. wasn’t starting D. wouldn’t be started
37. If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what _________ in science and technology.
A. had discovered B. had been discovered C. has covered D. has been discovered
38. ---I don’t suppose the police know who did it.
---Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and ________ now.
A. has been questioned B. is being questioned C. is questioning D. has questioned
39. Although the causes of cancer _________, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it.
A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering
C. are uncovering D. have uncovered
40. In a room above the store, where a party _________ , some workers were busily setting the table.
A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held
41.The new dictionaries are very useful. They______ well and ______ already.
A. sell; have been sold out B. sold ; had sold out
C. sell; sell out D. are sold; have been sold out
42. Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will _____ for several days.
A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed
43. The dog got _______ over by a passing car.
A. running B. run C. to run D. to be run
Keys:
1.D 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. A 9.C 10. C
11. A 12. C 13. C 14. C 15. B 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. C
26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32.B 33. C 34. B 35. D 36.A 37. B 38. D 39.A 40. A
41. A 42. B 43. B
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇10：考点4 情态动词 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
考点4 情态动词
1. If it were not for the fact that she sing, I would invite her to the party.
A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. might not
2. Some aspects of a pilot’s job be boring, and pilots often work at inconvenient hours often.
A. can; have to B. may; can C. have to; may D. ought to; must
3. The World Wide Wed is some times jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it be very slow.
A. should B. must C. will D. can
4. “The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge.
A. may B. should C. must D. shall
5. John, look at the time. you play the piano at such a late hour?
A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need
6. Coffee be drunk while it is hot.
A. shall B. must C. will D. ought to
7. Tell him that he have the book tomorrow after noon.
A. shall B. will C. need D. dare
8. I lived with my uncle this summer and I didn’t have to pay rent. So I save most of my salary.
A. could B. would C. was able to D. should
9. - Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.
- She . I’ve already borrowed one.
A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t
10. There’s no light on --- they be at home.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
11. - What a shame! You didn’t seize such a good chance.
- I that job when it was offered.
A. should take B. would take C. must have taken D. should have taken
12. - The work will take me another week. I’m really tired.
- I think you as well consult an experienced worker.
A. may B. can C. need D. must
13. - How much shall I pay for the phone call?
- You . This is free of charge.
A. shouldn’t B. can’t C. don’t have to D. must
14. - Can I tell my best friend about it?
- No, I don’t want anyone else to know it. You keep it to yourself.
A. can B. need C. must D. may
15. - Would you like to have a taxi? - No, I walk there. It’s such a lovely day.
A. can B. ought to C. had better D. would rather
16. - Mum, why are you here?
-I’ve brought your camera. I thought you use it.
A. can B. should C. might D. will
17. - The woman biologist stayed in Mrica studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
- Oh, dear! She a lot of difficulties！
A. may go through B. might go through
C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through
18. - Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
-Thanks. You it. I could manage it myself.
A. needn’t do B. needn’t have done C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have done
19. - I stayed at the Futong Hotel while in Shanghai.
- Oh, did you? You with Baixue.
A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed
20. Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I so much fried chicken just now.
A. shouldn’t eat B. mustn’t have eaten C. shouldn’t have eaten D. mustn’t eat
21. - Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.
- Well. He have gone far --- his coat is still here.
A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. wouldn’t
22. I was on the high way when this car went past followed by a police car. They at least 150 km an hour.
A. should have been doing B. must have been doing
C. could have done D. would have done
23. - I saw Mr. Smith at the West Beijing Station this morning.
- You . He’s still on holiday in Hawaii.
A. couldn’t have B. mustn’t have C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
24. - Did you walk all the way home by yourself?
- Yes, I did. But I guess I .
A. needn’t B. needn’t have C. shouldn’t D. may not have
25. - Lucy have been to Mary’s wedding. They are the best friends.
- But she for some reason, because Mary asked us why Lucy had missed her wedding.
A. would; couldn’t B. should; can’t C. must; wasn’t able to D. must; might not
26. We wait for a bus to get to the station since we are not in a hurry.
A. might well B. might as well C. could well D. should as well
27. Better go to see my sick colleague right now, ？
A. hadn’t B. didn’t C. don’t D. won’t
28. He must be in the classroom, he?
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. isn’t D. can
29. There used to be a high tower here, ？
A. was there B. wasn’t there C. used there D. usedn’t there
30. - Look! Bob is carefully examine the electric lines.
- .
A. He should be too careful B. He must be too careful
C. He cannot be too careful D. He can be too careful
31. Tom, you leave all your clothes on the floor like this!
A. wouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
32. I have been more than six years old when the accident happened.
A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
33. He have completed his work ; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the sea side.
A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t
34. - Do you know where David is? I couldn't find him anywhere.
- Well. He have gone far.
- His coat’s still here.
A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. wouldn’t
35. If I plan to do anything I wanted to, I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.
A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to
36. - Don’t you think it necessary that he to Miami but to New York?
- I agree, but the problem is he has refused to.
A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that
C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what
37. - The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
- Oh, dear! She a lot of difficulties!
A. may go through B. might go through
C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through
38. He paid for a seat, when he have entered free.
A. could B. would C. must D. need
39. There be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.
A. mustn’t B. shan’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
40. This cake is very sweet. You a lot of sugar in it.
A. should put B. could have put C. might put D. must have put
41. - Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today?
- Something to him.
A. must happen B. should have happened
C. could have happened D. must have happened
42. It’s strange that they nothing about this matter.
A. should know B. would know C. had known D. knew
43. Let us stay here, ？
A. shall we B. will we C. will you D. may you
44. Mike up at five, but now he gets up at six.
A. used to getting B. would get C. was used to get D. used to get
45. Harry would rather than the secret.
A. die; telling B. die; to tell C. dead; tell D. die; tell
46. The plant is dead. I it more water.
A. should have given B. will give C. would give D. must give
47. - he use your bike now?
- Certainly. Here is the key,
A. Does B. Must C. Shall D. Will
48. They work in the street at night.
A. did not dare to B. not dare C. dared not to D. are not daring
49. I tell her the truth..
A. cannot help B. cannot but C. may not help D. could but
50. you tell me what has happened?
A. May B. Must C. Need D. Could
51. When a friend gave Jim a ticket for the game, he going.
A. couldn’t help B. couldn’t but C. could help D. just had to
52. Exercising alone be very boring, but when it goes along with music and friends, you’ll find a lot of fun !
A. can B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
53. - Shall I buy more food and drinks for the party?
- No. We have prepared a fridge of those. That __ __ be quite enough.
A. had to B. may C. might D. ought to
54. - You really shouldn’t have shouted to them.
- Right. I crazy then.
A. must be B. must have been C. could have been D. should have been
55. He have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.
A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t
56. - The research on the new bird flu virus vaccine is challenging and demanding. Who do you think can do the job?
- my students have a try?
A. Shall B. Must C. Will D. May
57. - Why didn’t you come to our party yesterday? There was a lot of fun.
- I , But I had an unexpected guest at home.
A. had B. would C. was going to D. did
58. Why we eat out when we can easily cook ourselves at home?
A. must B. shall C. can D. may
59. You not leave your post or you will be punished.
A. may B. shall C. will D. need
考点小资料：情态动词
I. can (could), 表示体力或脑力方面的能力，或根据客观规律能做某事的能力，意思是“能够”。can表“能够”时，既可指将来，也可指现在。be able to在表示能力时与can同义，但可用于各种时态，强调通过努力克服困难成功地做成某事，相当于managed to do 或 succeeded in doing。表示许可、允许，在疑问句中表示“请求，许可”，否定句中表示“不许”，此时可与may通用，有时cannot可以表示“禁止”，相当于“mustn’t”。表示推测，强调客观可能性“可能、会”，can多用于疑问句和否定句，表示猜测时，情态动词后可用进行式或完成式。
could表示“能力”“可能性”“许可”，为can的过去式。一般用于委婉、客气地提出问题或陈述看法，此时can，could并没有时间上的差别，只是could的语气更客气些。回答时用原形回答。
II. may (might), 表示许可，有“可以”的意思，询问一件事可不可以做，有时可以与can互换。其否定式may not表示“不可以、禁止、阻止”等，常用must not=mustn’t代替，may用于疑问句中，回答这种问题时，多避免用may，而用其他形式，以免显得口气太严峻或不客气。
表推测、或许、可能的意思，表示一件事或许会发生，只用在陈述句中。
表祝愿: May you succeed! = I hope you may succeed. May you be happy, healthy and wealthy!
might是may的过去式，表示可以做的事或可能发生的事；主句谓语动词是过去时态时用 might不用may。might一般用于比may的口气委婉，或表示现实的可能性更小一些的语境中。
III. must, have to, 表示必须要做的事，意为“必须“，否定式 mustn’t表示“不应该，不许可，禁止”等。因此，在回答带有must的问句时，不用mustn’t，而用 needn’t或don’t have to.
must在表示“必须”时与have to相近，have to比较强调客观的需要，must着重主观看法。另外must不像have to那样能有更多的时态。表推测，暗含很大的可能性，意为“一定”，只用于“肯定句”中。偏偏、硬要、干嘛(指做令人不快的事)。如： Hey．boys！ Must you shout so loudly?
IV. shall, 用于二、三人称陈述句中。表示说话人给对方的命令、许诺、警告、强制、威胁、决心等。在疑问句中，表示征询听话人是否愿意。用于一、三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示。
should表示劝告、建议常作“应当”讲，与ought to有时可互换，ought to更注重一些责任义务。should表示预测可能性，并译作“可能，(按道理)应该”；而ought协则表示非常可能。should用于委婉、谦逊地提出意见或建议，ought to可表示因责任、义务等该做的事。
V. will, would, 表示意愿、意志和决心，适用于各种人称，可以用来表示各种倾向或习惯动作。有时还用来表示“难免”。其过去式是would，也可以是单独的情态动词，在表示委婉提出请求、建议或看法时，语气比will委婉，肯定的回答时用will.
VI. may well和may/ might as well后都接动词原形，是一种常用结构。may well+动词原形相当于 to be likely to，意为“(完全)能，很可能”。may/ might as well+动词原形相当于had better或幻have no strong reason not to，意为“最好，不妨”。cannot…too/enough表示“无论怎么……也不过分”，“越……越好”；cannot but do sth．表示“不得不，只好”的含义。
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇11：情态动词专项练习(人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
情态动词专项练习
姓名______________ 班次______________ 学号______________
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
( ) 1. You _____ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
( ) 2. Where is my pen? I _____ it.
A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost
( ) 3. I wish I _____ you yesterday.
A. seen B. did see C. had seen D. were to see
( ) 4. I didn’t hear the phone. I _____ asleep.
A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been
( ) 5. If my lawyer _____ here last Saturday, he _____ me from going.
A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent
C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented
( ) 6. He _____ you more help, even though he was very busy.
A. might have given B. might have C. may have given D. may give
( ) 7. If it _____ for the snow, we _____ the mountain yesterday.
A. were not; could have climbed B. were not; could climb
C. had not been; could have climbed D. had not been; could climb
( ) 8. Without electricity human life _____ quite difficult today.
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be
( ) 9. A computer _____ think for itself, it must be told what to do.
A. can’t B. couldn’t C. may not D. might not
( ) 10. Jenny _____ have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind.
A. must B. should C. need D. would
( )11. We _____ last night, but we went to the concert instead.
A. must have studied B. might study
C. should have studied D. would study
( ) 12. - Could I borrow your dictionary?
- Yes, of course you _____.
A. might B. will C. can D. should
( ) 13. Tom ought not to _____ me your secret, but he meant no harm.
A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told
( ) 14. - If he _____, he _____ that food.
- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken
( ) 15. Peter _____ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A. must B. may C. can D. will
( ) 16. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _____ for her.
A. had to write it out B. must have written it out
C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out
( ) 17. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she _____, she would have met my brother.
A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come
( ) 18. - Shall I tell John about it?
- No, you _____. I’ve told him already.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
( ) 19. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____.
A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken
( ) 20. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack _____ be here at any moment.
A. must B. need C. should D. can
( ) 21.- There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.
- It _____ a comfortable journey.
A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been
( ) 22. Johnny, you _____ play with the knife, you _____ hurt yourself.
A. won’t; can’t B. mustn’t; may C. shouldn’t; must D. can’t; shouldn’t
( ) 23. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _____ get out.
A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to
( ) 24. - When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.
- They _____ be ready by 12:00.
A. can B. should C. might D. need
( ) 25. - I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
- Oh, did you? You _____ with Barbara.
A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed
( ) 26. - Will you stay for lunch?
- Sorry, _____. My brother is coming to see me.
A. I mustn’t B. I can’t C. I needn’t D. I won’t
( ) 27. - Are you coming to Jeff’s party?
- I’m not sure. I _____ go to the concert instead.
A. must B. would C. should D. might
( ) 28. - Write to me when you get home. - _____.
A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can
( ) 29. I was really anxious about you, you _____ home without a word.
A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave
( ) 30. - Is John coming by train?
- He should, but he _____ not. He likes driving his car.
A. must B. can C. need D. may
答案全解
1．C 从原题中You can keep it till next week if you like这一信息句可知，“你不必现在还”。
2．D 从原题中Where is my pen?这一信息句可告诉考生，“笔丢了”，丢的动作是过去发生的。因此用must + have done表示对过去事实的肯定猜测。
3．C 原题中的yesterday这一信息词告诉考生，在wish后的宾语从句中，用过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反的愿望。
4．B 从原题中的I didn’t hear the phone.这一信息可以判断出，用must have done表示过去事实的准确的肯定猜测。
5．A 从原题中last Saturday这一信息词可知，条件句中用表示与过去 事实相反的过去完成时，主句用would + have done。
6．A might have + 过去分词，在次是虚拟语气，表示“本来可以给你更多的帮助”，而事实则是帮助较少。
7．C 从原题中的yesterday这一信息词暗示考生，该句应选用与过去事实相反的过去完成时，If it had not been for … “要不是因为……”。
8．D 原题中的Without electricity相当于一个条件句：If there were no electricity,故主句用human life would be quite difficult today.
9．A can可以表示一种客观上的能力，本句can’t，表示“不能，不会”。
10．B 从原题总的“I wonder why she changed her mind”“我不知道为何他改变了主意了。”这句话告诉考生Janny没有守诺言。因此，用should + have done，表示“过去本应该做某事，而实际上没有做”。
11．C 可参看10题。意思是：“昨晚本应该学习，但是却去听音乐会了。”
12．C 原题中的could不是过去时，而表示一种委婉、客气的礼貌用语。因此用could提问时，用can回答。同样用would，might提问，用will和may回答。[注意]①- Would you rather do such a thing? - Yes, I would.
②- Would you like some tea? - Yes, I would.
这两个对话中的would rather，would like是惯用法，故不能用will来回答。因为在这两个句型中，will不能去替换would。
13．A 可参看10、15题。该句意思是：“汤姆本来不该告诉我你的秘密，但他没有伤害你的意思。”ought not to have done = shouldn’t have done
14．B 从答语中的Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately这一信息句可提示考生，条件句应填表示与过去事实相反的时态。
15．B 从原题中的but he isn’t very sure yet这一信息句可暗示考生，Peter当晚来的可能性不大。A是“准来，肯定来”，D是“将要来”。
16．C 可参看10、11、13题。“本应该”而事实上没有……
17．D 从原题中I didn’t see your sister at the meeting和后文she would have met my brother这两个信息句可知，if条件句中应填与过去事实相反的过去完成时。可参看6、7、14题。
18．A 你不必告诉他。因为I’ve told him already这一信息句已暗示考生了。
19．C 当as if引导虚拟语气的句子是，如果主句与从句中的谓语词所表达的动作同时发生时，as if后接一般过去时。例如：He walked as if he were lame.如果从句中的谓语动作发生个在主句谓语动作之前，则用过去完成时。例如：He talked as if he had known the secret.不论主句中的谓语是现在时还是过去时。
20．C 只要考生抓住nearly一词和后文at any moment（随时的意思）这两个信息词语，就能很快选出C项，表示逻辑推测，意思是“快七点钟了，杰克一会儿就该到了。”
21．D 根据句意，是对过去情况的推测。“当时决不可能是一次舒服的乘车。”must表示对过去的推测只能用于肯定句。
22．B mustn’t表示“禁止”；may表示“有可能”。句子的意思是：“你不可以玩刀，可能会伤你自己。”
23．D 该题在考考生could与was able to之间的区别。Was able to表示在困难的情况下，经过一番周折而“能……”，并且成功地做了。
24．B 该题考查情态动词should表推测的用法。Can和might都可以表示可能性，用might则语气更加不肯定。Need表示“需要”、“必需”。Should可以表示推测，结合实际，合乎逻辑，意为“应当”、“该”。根据第一个说话者说的I need them tomorrow afternoon的语境，可以确定正确答案为B。
25．A 该题在考查“情态动词+不定式的完成式”的用法，从会话的语境看，空白处应填“could + have +过去分词”表示过去本来能做到的事而事实上没有做到。
26．B 该题考查表示请求的英语口语，用will来向第二人称提问的疑问结构，是表达一种意愿和请求，是以疑问的形式来表达较为婉转的祈使语气，意思是“请你……，好吗？”，对于这种问句的肯定答语可用Sure! Certainly! Yes, of course. I’d be glad to等；否定回答通常是I’m sorry, I can’t. No, I’m afraid I can’t. I’m sorry, but … I ‘d like to, but …等。
27．D might表示“可能性”。
28．C 意思是“我会的”。对祈使句的肯定回答。
29．B shouldn’t have done为本来不该做某事，而事实上做了。
30．D 用may not可表示“可能不”。而can not则表示断然的否定推测“不可能”。A，C意思不符。
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇12：动词的时态和语态 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
动词的时态和语态
【押题依据】动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点，而且测试的难度也在逐年加大。在单项填空题中，每年考查动词时态的题不少于两道，动词的语态常和时态放在一起考查。高考命题者常从三个角度进行命题：一是直接给定时间状语。考生能直接根据所给时间状语作出选择；二是给定时间状语，但所给时间状语有着较强的干扰性和迷惑性，考生不能直接根据时间状语作出选择；三是题干中不提供任何时间状语，而给出一个上下文情景或一个结构较为复杂的句子，考生必须仔细分析语境，才能作出正确判断。
[押题1] -_____ Mr Smith ____ this week?
- No. He is on holiday.
A. Has; workedB. Does; workC. Did; workD. Is; working
【解题关键】解答该题的关键是根据上下文语境判断句子动作的一般式与进行式的用法区别。
【答案解析】根据答句He is on holiday.说明动作处于正在进行状态，而不是完成性的、过去发生的或经常性的动作，故排除选项A、B、C，选用现在进行时，答案为D。
[押题2]-Got your driving license?
-No. I _____ too busy to have enough practice, so I didn’t take the driving test last week.
A. was B. am C. have been D. had been
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要根据上下文语境中所提供的一般过去时的表示过去时间的对照点，准确判断过去完成时与一般过去时的用法区别。
【答案解析】问句中Got your driving license?为Have you got your driving license？现在完成时的省略表达，该句对选项无影响。决定选项动词时态的是答句中so I didn’t take the driving test last week.分析句意可知，选项动作发生在后一动作之前，表示过去的过去，故应用过去完成时。答案为D。
[押题3]You’d better not call the manager between 7 and 8 this evening, for he _____ an important meeting then.
A. will have B. would have C. will be having D. will have had
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确理解句意。根据题干中提供的时间状语来判断使用表示将来的多种时态中的哪一种。
【答案解析】根据题干中的时间状语between 7 and 8 this evening可知，选项动作是在将来某个时刻正在进行的，故应选用将来进行时， 口语中常用这种时态表示将来某时刻正在进行的动作或发生的事。答案为C。
[押题4]-How can you borrow my computer without my permission?
-Oh, I ____ to tell you. I hope you don’t mind.
A. forget B. forgot C. had forgotten D. am forgetting
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是根据语境所提供的信息及其句子的意义，判断一般现在时及过去完成时的用法区别。
【答案解析】该句题干中没有提供任何时间状语，但从语境及句子的含义判断，选项动作表示在过去某个时间发生，所以，首先排除选项A、D，由于题干中没有表示过去时间的对照点，故再排除选项C。 答案为B。
[押题5]-Will you please repeat your idea?
-Certainly. But I think it certain you ____ your attention.
A. don’t pay B. didn’t pay
C. weren’t paying D. aren’t paying
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确理解选项动词动作所发生的时间段，区别一般时态与进行时态的用法。
【答案解析】从问话人请求对方重复已讲内容，答话人认为对方在刚才他讲话时没有注意他所讲内容可知，该选项动作强调在过去某个时刻正在进行，表示说话的当时，故应选用过去进行时。答案为C。
[押题6]-I’m sorry, but the boss isn’t here yet. Shall I have her call you when she comes back?
-No, I’ll call her back. If I call again in half an hour, do you think she ____?
A. arrives B. has arrived
C. will arrive D. will have arrived
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是根据语境注意区别一般将来时与将来完成时的用法。
【答案解析】一般将来时表示将来某一时刻将要发生的动作，而将来完成时则表示将来某个时间之前已经发生或完成的动作。根据该句语境及其句意可知，该句选项动作表示将来完成的动作。答案为D。
[押题7] -Are we about to have dinner?
-Yes, it ____ in the dinning room.
A. is serving B. is being served
C. has been serving D. serves
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键在于准确把握动词serve 在句中主动语态与被动语态的使用。
【答案解析】动词serve在此句中意思为“端上、摆出（饭菜）”，为及物动词。根据该句结构可知应使用被动语态，只有选项B为进行时的被动结构，其它选项均为主动形式。答案B。
[押题8]-Joan was badly injured in the accident yesterday and she was sent to hospital.
-Oh, really? I____. I ____ visit her.
A. didn’t know; will go to B. don’t know; will go to
C. didn’t know; am going to D. haven’t known; am going to
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是根据讲话人的说话意图推断动作所发生的时间点，并注意在语境中区别will 和be going to的用法。
【答案解析】分析语境及讲话人意图可知，第一空强调过去的动作，并不表示现在发生的事，故应用一般过去时；第二空应选will，表示即时决定将要做的事，而be going to表示按计划、安排要做的事。答案A。
[押题9]-Don’t you feel surprised to see Bruce at the meeting?
-Yes. I really didn’t think she ____ here.
A. has been B. had been
C. would be D. would have been
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是根据上下文语境准确理解选项动作所表达的时间发生点。
【答案解析】根据上下文语境可知，选项动作已在过去发生或完成。但根据I really didn’t think可以判断出从句中的动作是从过去某时间看将来要发生的事，故应选过去将来时。答案C。
[押题10]-Why is the librarian looking so hard at me?
-You ____ to read aloud in the reading room.
A. don’t suppose B. haven’t supposed C. are not supposed D. were not supposed
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要根据句子含义准确判断动词suppose在句中的用法以及动词所发生的时间。
【答案解析】根据句子意思，应选用be supposed to“应该做……、被要求做……”，故排除选项A、B；分析上文情景，句中动词使用现在时形式，强调现在的状态 ，所以，再排除选项D。答案C。
[押题11]It seems water from this tap for some time. We’ll have to take it apart to put it right.
A. had leaked B. is leaking
C. leaked D. has been leaking
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确把握句中的时间状语for some time所强调的时间段以及所使用的动词时态。
【答案解析】根据句中时间状语for some time以及后一分句的动词时态可知，选项动词动作强调到现在为止并仍在继续，故应排除选项A、C。由于选项B现在进行时不可与一段时间状语连用，所以排除选项B，选D现在完成进行时。答案D。
[押题12]-Take this medicine three times a day, Tom?
-Do I have to take it? It ____ so terrible.
A. is tasting B. is tasted C. tastes D. has tasted
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确理解连系动词taste用主动形式表示被动的意义在句中的用法。
【答案解析】根据选项动词及其句子意思可知，taste在此用做连系动词，后接形容词作表语，在这一结构中，taste常用一般现在时的主动形式表示被动意义。答案C。
责任编辑：李芳芳
★被动语态 (Passive Voice) (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
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