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雅思阅读提分被忽略的小角色之标点符号

时间:2022-05-24 04:32:27 其他范文 收藏本文 下载本文

【导语】以下是小编为大家准备了雅思阅读提分被忽略的小角色之标点符号(共8篇),欢迎参阅。

雅思阅读提分被忽略的小角色之标点符号

篇1:雅思阅读提分被忽略的小角色之标点符号

雅思阅读提分被忽略的小角色 标点符号

雅思阅读提分技巧之冒号使用

冒号在英文中有两大用法:一是用在一个正式的引用前面,二是列出表示列举、解释和说明性的词语。比如在剑六TEST2第一篇文章的A段中,首句是这样表达的:

In fact, Newman believes the main reason for adopting one sort of transport over another is politics: “The more democratic the process, the more public transport is favored.”冒号后的内容是一句正式引语,并对冒号前的politics进行了具体的阐述说明,因此,冒号后的内容是本段的主题句,强调的引号内的democratic一词,所以在本篇第一个题型List of Heading中,本段的选项为A successful exercise in people power.

在剑桥四Test 4第三篇阅读文章The Problem of Scarce Resources中第一个题型依旧是List of Heading。文章section c 段首句如下:

'However, at exactly the same time as this new realization of the finite character of health-care resources was sinking in, an awareness of a contrary kind was developing in Western societies: that people have a basic right to health-care as a necessary condition of a proper human life.'冒号后面的内容对前半句的an awareness of a contrary kind进行了具体的解释说明,因此冒号后面的内容就是解题的重点。在冒号后面提出了health-care与right的关系,所以这个段的段落大意选择选项I The connection between health-care and other human rights.

雅思阅读提分技巧之括号使用

括号在英文中可以用来表示其中插入的或附加的解释成分,这个插入成分可以是单词、词组或句子。例如在剑五TEST1第一篇文章Johnson’s Dictionary中,题号为5的summary即考察的就是文中括号内的内容。该题为:

Johnson did not have a ……..available to him, but eventually produced definitions of in excess of 40,000 words written down in 80 large notebooks. 根据题中的定位词80 large notebooks, 考生可找到文章第六段首句” The work was immense; filling about eighty large notebooks (and without a library to hand), Johnson wrote the definitions of over 40,000 words, and……..”考生根据所填题目前的did not have体现的否定关系以及不定冠词a, 可预判答案选词为可数名词单数,并且体现为否定关系。通过阅读,可确定答案为文章中括号内的单词library.

雅思阅读提分技巧之问号使用

雅思阅读中的问号,多数情况下用在设问句之后。设问句,即没有疑问而故意自问自答,作者的目的在于引起读者的注意和思考,能够引起文章的跌宕起伏。因此,多数情况下,如果在段首位置出现了问号,该句即为该段的主旨句。如剑六TEST1第一篇文章“Australia’s Sporting Success”的首段:

They play hard, they play often, and they play to win. Australian sports teams win more than their fair share of titles, demolishing rivals with seeming ease. How do they do it? A big part of the secret is an extensive and expensive network of sporting academies underpinned by science and medicine. 前两句为描述性语句,第三句问句How do they do it?后的自问自答引出了本段甚至本文的中心内容。

雅思阅读提分技巧之破折号使用

雅思阅读中的破折号后的内容,通常是对主句中的某个单词或短语的修饰或解释说明。破折号写法上共有两种,一种为两个破折号搭配使用,两破折号中间部分为细节即—……—,而第二种情况为—…….的情况。如剑四TEST3第二篇文章:

Volcanoes-earth-shattering news”中Section C第二段首句:Sometimes it is slow: vast bubbles of magma-molten rock from the mantle-inch towards the surface…… 两个破折号中的molten rock from the mantle是在解释破折号之前的名词magma.

破折号中的部分正好对应19题的题干:What is the name given to molten rock from the mantle? 因此答案为magma。依旧在Section C第四段中, 第四行and you can see the rough outlines of what are called tectonic plates-the plates which make up the earth’s crust and mantle.破折号后的the plates which make up the earth’s crust and mantle是在解释破折号前的tectonic plates. 此句与18题题干What are the sections of the earth’s crust, often associated with volcanic activity, called?相对应。

做好这3点 雅思阅读速度飞一般的感觉

雅思阅读速度提升之通读全文的误区

首先,做雅思阅读前同学们一定要走出一个误区,那就是做题之前要先大致通读全文了解文章大意。记住,不要这样做。因为雅思阅读考查的是在单位时间内用英语作为工具去检索所需信息的能力,是学生看懂题目后去找答案能力,如果同学们花费了几分钟去通读了一篇1000多词的文章之后再去看题目找答案,却根本无法捕捉到许多细节信息,问题中的细节信息我们还得重新在原文中找,这样的话题目一定是做不完的。

所以正确的做法是:在抓住文章主旨(读文章标题、副标题和插图)之后,直接看题目做题即可。

雅思阅读速度提升之定位词的确认

第二,常有同学说找了很久都找不到问题在雅思阅读原文中的位置,其实细细去分析定不到位的原因不是没有发现定位词在原文中的同义替换词,就是定位词在最初就找错了。那么,什么样词才能作为定位词帮助定位呢?最容易找的定位词必然是特殊词,绝大多数同学在找特殊词上不会出问题,但当题目中没有特殊词的时候,我们就要在题目中找到相对特殊的词做定位词在原文中定位了,相对特殊的词一定要优先找名词,因为名词在句子中出现在最重要最容易被找到的位置(主语、宾语都必须是名词),而许多同学却容易把看似特殊的动词、形容词、副词来定位,而用这些词被替换的可能性更大,定位的难度就大了很多,除非在题目中没有相对特殊的名词,才去找相对特殊的动词定位,再其次再去找相对特殊的形容词、副词定位。

雅思阅读速度提升之阅读陋习

最后,要改掉错误的阅读习惯。在词汇量达标的情况下,同学们在读雅思阅读文章时还是会不可避免地遇到生词,有些同学总是在生词上卡住,总想通过上下文来大概猜测出生词意思或者查词之后才做出答案,导致做题速度太慢。而实际上在阅读中,某些专有名词或者形容词、副词意思不了解并不会影响我们理解句子的大意,所以如果遇到这样的不会影响句子大意的词,完全可以忽略。

雅思阅读分类词汇:环境类

conservation 保护,保存 ( conserve)v.s. conversation

environmentalist = conservationist

acid 酸 酸的 (alkali)acid rain

carbon 碳 (C) v.s. charcoal (炭)carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide

fume exhaust fumesv.s. smoke, fog, smog

petroleum 石油à petrol (BE) = gasoline/gas (AE)à unleaded petrol/gas

ozone 臭氧 (o + zone)ozone layer

ooze 渗出 渗出物

radiation 辐射ultraviolet(UV) radiation~ radioactive

greenhouse 温室greenhouse effect/gases

solar 太阳的 (solar energy)^ lunar (lunar calendar)

phenomenon 现象

catastrophe = disaster, cataclysm

deterioration 恶化 ( deteriorate)

extinction 灭绝 ( extinct)

species endangered species

drought 干旱 (^ “找它”)>>> famine v.s. flooding

recurrent 反复发生的re + (oc)cur + rentv.s. concurrent

inundate 淹没 ^ “淹掉它”

embankment 筑堤 (em + bank + ment)

sediment 沉积(物)= deposit

delta 三角洲the Pearl River Delta

alluvial 冲积的

desertification desert (v.s. dessert)

dust-storm 沙尘暴^ thunderstorm, brainstorm

barren 贫瘠的,不育的,无效的

dune sand dunethe game “DUNE”!

attributable 归因于be attributable to…

deforestation 滥砍滥伐(森林)de + forest + ation afforestation/reforestation

log 原木,日志 伐木v.s. logo

vegetation 植物,植被v.s. vegetable, vegetarian

habitat 栖息地 habit (Habit is the second nature.)

ecosystem 生态系统 (eco + system)~ ecology

雅思口语分类词汇:体育

manager 经纪人

instructor 教练,技术指导

guide 领队

trainer 助理教练

referee, umpire (网球.棒球)裁判

linesman, touch judge (橄榄球)裁判

contestant, competitor, player 运动员

professional 职业运动员

amateur 业余运动员,爱好者

enthusiast, fan 迷,爱好者

favourite 可望取胜者 (美作:favorite)

outsider 无取胜希望者

championship 冠军赛,锦标赛

champion 冠军

record 纪录

record holder 纪录创造者

ace 网球赛中的一分

Olympic Games, Olympics 奥林匹克运动会

Winter Olympics 冬季奥林匹克运动会

Universiade 世界大学生运动会

stadium 运动场

track 跑道

ring 圈

ground, field 场地

pitch (足球、橄榄球)场地

court 网球场

team, side 队

篇2:雅思阅读提分技巧

雅思的阅读要读3篇长文章,回答40个问题,平均每篇文章13-14个问题。而且不像听力考试那样,考完还有10分钟把答案抄到答题纸上,因此,只有1个小时要完成所有的答题时间还是比较紧的。 做好阅读的关键就是多练习。看报纸、杂志和原文小说,努力提高阅读能力,加快阅读速度。剑桥雅思3的阅读模拟题要认真做。 最重要的是,阅读考试并不考你对某一篇文章读懂了多少,而是考查你的阅读技巧,就是快速阅读的能力--扫描与略读。

所谓的扫描就好像看电话号码簿,你心里很清楚你要找什么,所以你快速扫描所看的'那一页来找到答案。这种技巧通常用来回答多项选择题以及配对题。快速扫描文章找到问题所问的信息。

略读就是快速阅读一个段落,了解中心意思,而忽略细节。这种技巧可以用来回答:“给出一个段落的小标题 ”或是“在那个段落中提到这个信息?”或是“作者的观点”这类的题目。

雅思阅读的难度是渐进的,做题的时间安排应该是:第一篇文章大约用15-17分钟,第二篇20分钟左右,23-25分钟做第三篇。如果有多余的时间就检查一下答案。

建议在读文章以前先快速浏览一遍所有的问题,有个大致的概念你需要去寻找什么样的信息,需要用扫描阅读还是略读,还是两种技

巧都要使用。浏览问题的时候,用铅笔划出重要的信息,例如:日期、地点和名字。

浏览完毕所有问题之后,扫读一次文章,标出重要的部分。如果看见任何与问题相关的信息,直接标出来,有些题目边看就可以边答了。

根据自己标出的重要信息一次回答问题,文章看过一遍以后,去找特定的信息就会变得更容易。

答案在文章里面出现的顺序通常与问题的顺序是一致的,例如第4题的答案通常会比第5题的答案先出现。不过这主要看问题的类型,如果问题问的是In which paragraph does this information appear?

一找到问题的答案就在答题纸上作答,不一定要按顺序回答问题。

注意看题目要求,如果题目要求用不超过3个单词来作答,记住不要超过3个。

最难的是 True / False / Not given 与Yes / No / Not given 类型的题目。平时多练习做这种题型,考试的时候要记住看清楚要你回答True / False还是Yes / No,不要用True / False回答Yes/No,

也不要用Yes/No回答True/False,这种回答会被视为错误而没有分数。

不要在一个题目停留太久,找不到答案就接着做下一题,有时间再回头做。

篇3:雅思阅读提分技能

提高雅思阅读提分锦囊--积累提速技能

雅思考试一直进行得如火如荼,相信很多同学在面对雅思考试的四个部分时,都会不约而同的说出阅读是最枯燥的一项。从小到大,无论是在学校参加各种英语考试还是在大学参加四六级考试,阅读永远都是篇幅最长,字数最多的一部分。很多同学题目拿到手就产生心理抗拒,看到篇幅较长的文章更加迷糊,所以究竟该怎么样提高阅读速度,一直是个比较抗拒的问题。总的来说,要想提高雅思阅读的速度和以下三点密不可分。

针对各题型分别练习

其实阅读真正的难点也许并不在文章内容,而是大篇幅的文章令很多刚接触雅思的人读不下去,会条件反射般产生抗拒。所以,想要提升自己的阅读的速度,大量的练习还是必不可少的。当然,在闲暇之余多读读雅思备考的拓展资料,对于提高阅读速度也是极好的。

雅思阅读材料最好是出题率比较高的报刊,杂志,通常都能达到预期的效果。而在阅读的过程中,我们就可以将雅思的个大题型的各种解题方法其中加以练习,从而获得一套最为适合自己的答题技巧。但是,需要提醒大家的就是,在练习阅读的时候,要有时间的紧迫感,用时一定不能超过考试的标准时间。

快速的答题技巧

大家在听力备考练习时,很多人有边听边做笔记的习惯。同样的方法,雅思阅读也适用。由于雅思文章内容信息较多,在阅读的过程中,如果没有把握好重点,那么,在整篇文章阅读完之后,很可能遇到:文章意思明白了,然而找不到其中各个细节的问题。所以,在雅思阅读中进行快速笔记是有效地把握文章结构,记录重要信息的手段。同时,养成“边读边记”的习惯,会让阅读效率大大提高。从这个角度来看,大家应该以雅思考试为契机,培养自己这种良好的阅读习惯,从而在学习和研究中达到事半功倍的效果。

经验的借鉴学习

别人的经验如果学得好将成为你的财富。最初开始复习的时候,很多人都会去看看别人的考试经验,吸收一些备考技巧和方法。但是个人认为,每个人都是不同的,所以不能盲目的去相信别人的经验,要根据自己的情况,选择性吸收,一味别套用别人的经验未必对自己的备考有帮助。

雅思阅读考试大范围预测

1 Children and robot 科技 0305 1002

2 Typography Introduction of Printed books 发展史 20160312 0127

3 Fluoridation in the water 医疗健康 20160312 20140719 0119 15 Undergraduate students study dramas 人文社科 20160331 20141018

4 Trade 发展史 20160109B 0728

5 The history of Russian Ballet 发展史 20160114 0418 20121124 请注明来自小站教研中心

6 Aquaculture in New Zealand 农业 20160114 20151031 20121124 20110212

7 We have star performers 商业管理 20160114 20121124

8 The influence of social network to people's loneliness 人文社科 20140920 20130622

9 Expert in musician 人文社科 20160130 20140517

10 Butterfly farms in UK(5.13 命中,已删除)农业 20160227 0716 20050108 1120 20040821

11 Consumer advertisement 商业管理 20160305 20141002

12 Living with uncertainty 自然环境 20160109A 20140515

13 The power of music 艺术 20160109A 20131212

4 Does class size matter? 教育 20160109 20131116

...

50 Ocean power 能源 20150829A 1024

51 Who should look after the child? 人文社科 20120412 20090110

52 Paper money 发展史 20140927 20120412 0429 20050115 20041127 20040522

53 Hibernation 动物 20141220 20120512 0520

54 Human Rights to animal 人文社科 2016061620150131

文章题目 The power of music

重复年份 20160109A 20131212

材 艺术

题型 段落信息配对 5+填空 4+人名配对 4

文章大意 音乐对人的影响。讲到了音乐的作用,与大脑的联系,不同映月表达出来的

不同情绪对人类甚至动物的影响,最后谈到几个实验,证明音乐的治疗效果,

以及音痴有救

Entertainment isn't the whole story

Here in the West, we think of music as entertainment, or an accompaniment to entertainment. Most of us can't remember life without phonograph records, cassette tapes or Compact Discs and the artists we all have listened to on them. The great majority of radio stations exist to play music, and there is hardly a minute on TV - other than news shows - that doesn't have theme music, background music or commercial music.

But as much as we enjoy different kinds of music, it is all of one purpose: to entertain. We have The Music Business and The Entertainment Business. Why else would we listen to music besides entertainment?

In the past, and in other parts of the world today, there are definitely other reasons. The classical Master Beethoven, for example, was justly famous for being able to evoke specific emotions in his listeners, and wrote pieces that we still listen to today to evoke joy, sadness, loss and return. His piano sonata Les Adieux couldn't be clearer if he had written a short story: two lovers part, they experience their loneliness, but are joyfully reunited in the last movement. The ability of music to evoke emotions is its first and most obvious power, and we shall return to it again.

Physical and mental effects

Some types of music can relax us. After a stressful work day, classical music, certain types of jazz, or our favorite ballad singer can physically relax our bodies and distract our minds from the cares of the day - at least for a while. On the other hand, loud, fast music with a strong beat can exhilarate (or bother) us. In fact, sometimes we may prefer one kind of music or artist, and at other times that's the last thing we want to listen to.

So we have all experienced music's physical and mental effects on us at one time or another. In fact, the mental effect is so strong at times, a few lines from a song

can keep running through our minds despite our efforts to ignore them or make them stop.

雅思阅读小范围预测

PassageOne

新旧情况 旧

题材 历史类

题目 俄罗斯芭蕾历史

题型

判断题 6 个

摘要题 7 个

整篇文章按照时间和人物顺序安排,第一段姜 17世纪俄罗斯对待芭蕾的态度。

第二段讲两任沙皇罗曼诺夫和彼得大帝对待芭蕾的不同。

第三、四段讲几位艺术家在俄罗斯的遭遇,其中有普希金,尼金斯基

(Nijinsky)

(类似参考文章)

The History of Russian Ballet

17th Century

Ballet in Russia was created by foreigners and yet it is most definitely “Russian”. In the 17th century ballet was introduced into Russia by the second Romanov ruler Tsar Alexis Mikhailovich (1629-1676, reigned from 1645) for his wedding festivities.

Peter the Great (1672-1725, reigned from 1682) took a personal interest in dancing at his court by bringing in Western dances and taking part in them himself. With the help of his prisoners from the Swedish wars -- the Swedish officers -- he taught his courtiers.

18th Century

The dissemination of ballet in Russia and its deep rooted appeal to all Russians can be traced back to those nobles who, often living so far away from the capital, commanded their own entertainment, setting up ballet troupes often composed of serfs who had been trained at the Imperial School.

The formal beginning of Russian ballet can be traced back to a letter written in 1737 to the Empress Anne (1693-1740, reigned from 1730) by the teacher of gymnastics at the Imperial Cadet School.

篇4:雅思阅读提分四大技巧

雅思阅读考试中的标题分为三种:第一种是正规标题,可用来判断文章大意、类型,进而得知文章结构;第二种是主标题加副标题,副标题有时承担揭示文章结构的重任;第三种是无标题,一般文章较长而且难,但仍可以在第一段发现揭示文章主题的主旨句。同时,描述性标题应该予以忽略。如果文章分几个section论述,则section的标题也应该加以注意。

雅思阅读提分技巧2. 扫描阅读后面的问题

根据问题来阅读是很好的一个习惯,这样可以再相关信息处有意识的仔细阅读。

雅思阅读提分技巧3. 描述全文的分段情况及其他信息

应注意数字、百分比、分数、时间或货币符号出现较多的段落;引号、大写、专有名词、括号及破折号出现较多的段落;斜体字、黑体字、下划线出现较多的段落。

雅思阅读提分技巧4. 扫描每个段落的首末句,把握文章主题

雅思阅读文章的主题句通常是一段话的首句,寻找主题句的方法可按下列顺序:首句→第二句→中间句→末句。注意,如果首句是描述性语句则应该予以忽略。通过段落首末句判断段落主题的关键是找准中心词。中心词最可能是表示主要概念的名词,一般是句子的主语和宾语;表明状态的动词;表示程度高低、范围大小、肯定或否定的副词。

技巧对雅思阅读考试来说是可以锦上添花的,但是我们不能全靠这些技巧,小编建议考生们,扎实的雅思阅读基础能力是必需的,所以大家一定要打好雅思阅读基础。

雅思阅读文中的逻辑关系

雅思阅读文章里隐含的逻辑结构很多,但是大致可以归纳为以下四种:并列逻辑关系,转折逻辑关系,比较逻辑关系,因果逻辑关系。掌握这些逻辑关系,就能正确理解雅思阅读文章的内容,从而更好答题。小编就给同学们具体讲解下这四种逻辑关系,希望对烤鸭们备考雅思阅读有所帮助。

一、并列逻辑关系

并列逻辑关系是这四种逻辑关系里面最简单,最容易理解的一种,对于很多同学来说,无外乎就是and, or这两个词。

二、因果逻辑关系

既然是因果关系,那么就存在谁因谁果的问题,世间没有无因之果,也没有无果之因,cause和effect是相互依存的,在任何一个句子中出现了表述原因的词,必然能看到其结果,反之亦然。

三、比较逻辑关系

说到比较逻辑关系,大家可能首先想到的则是T,F,NG中对比较关系的判断,诚然,判断题里比较级是一大考点,但是比较逻辑关系的运用比这要广泛得多,做此类题时要记住两个原则即可:

原则一:但凡题目出现了比较逻辑关系,那么原文中答案所在的句子也必然会有比较逻辑关系出现,只是其关系词表述形式可能会替换

原则二:如果题目存在比较级,回原文去找比较级,如果题目是最高级,则抓最高级,或者extremely,或者比较级和最高级替换着找都可。

四、转折逻辑关系

转折经常给我们的生活带来各种惊喜,当然也不乏刚才例子里这种“惊喜”,那么这种逻辑关系跟我们的雅思阅读又有什么关系呢?作为雅思阅读四大逻辑关系之终结篇,转折逻辑关系词的运用,一如之前介绍过的三种逻辑关系词一样,绝不是光背背几个常见替换就可以熟练运用的,学员在运用的过程中一定要深刻体会它们所体现的逻辑关系,所涉及的要素,以及作者的意图等等,反复练习,建立良好的意识,方能玩转这些逻辑关系词。

篇5:托福阅读考试中不可忽略的重要标点符号

托福阅读考试中不可忽略的重要标点符号

托福阅读常见标点符号及作用

冒号在中文或英文中都是一个常见的标点符号,在中英用法上也大致相同。冒号的主要作用有两种:一是用在总说性话语或需要解释的词语后边,引起下文的分说或引出解释和说明;二是引出引语。在托福阅读中,第一种用法对于我们理解文章和解题更加重要。

破折号在托福阅读中也是尤为常见,其主要作用是引入一个解释性的插入语,放在插入语的前面或者后面,破折号中的内容一般是对主句中的某个单词或短语进行修饰或者解释,作用相当于一个括号。考生就可以利用破折号之间的解释来理解主句中的某个概念。

英语中,圆括号最常见的用法是补充说明和解释生词,它们不同于逗号和破折号的用法,去掉后不会影响句子的理解,但是括号内的信息同样对考生的理解有很大的帮助。

案例分析

例1,TPO18阅读 R-3冒号

The negatively charged region is large: several hundred meters thick and several kilometers in diameter.

前半句说带负电negatively charged的区域region非常大,冒号后面描述了负电荷是怎么大,对前半句又进一步的表述。知道冒号的作用对于预测文章下文来说也很重要,前半句是带负电的区域非常大,那冒号后面就是描述如何大。这句话完整的意思是带负电的区域非常大,厚度达数百米,直径达几千米。因此冒号对于理解文章来说有很大的帮助。

例2,TPO19阅读 R-3-破折号

The fossils buried in Pleistocene and earlier ocean sediments were of foraminifera—small, single-celled marine organisms that secrete shells of calcium carbonate, or calcite.

在本句话中foraminifera—small,single-celled marine organisms,small和single

对foraminifera和single进一步进行描述,埋在更新世时期的化石和更早的海洋沉积物是有孔虫类 ,它们是一种小的单细胞海洋生物,会分泌碳酸钙壳或者方解石。帮助我们进一步了解孔虫类foraminifera。

例3,TPO20-3 Fossil Preservation-圆括号

来自第七段中的两句话The Middle Eocene Messel Shale(from about 48 million years ago)of Germany accumulated in such an environment. Among the superbly preserved Messel fossils are insects with iridescent exoskeletons(hard outer coverings),frogs with skin and blood vessels intact, and even entire small mammals with preserved fur and soft tissue.

from about 48 million years ago对于前面的The Middle Eocene Messel Shale做了详细的解释,hard outer coverings对iridescent exoskeletons进一步进行解释。

在本篇文章的第11题中的四个选项中,通过定位答案为D选项,但是如果利用排除法的话就需要结合括号中的信息,对于主题句进一步的解释,帮助我们更好的理解段落主题。

托福阅读练习:女性28岁时最幸福

Women are at their happiest at the age of 28, a study has found.

Researchers discovered women feel most confident and happy with their love life and body shape shortly before they reach 30.

It is also the period in their life when they enjoy the best sex – but the happiness is relatively shortlived.

Because by the time they have turned 30 they start worrying about growing old and developing grey hair and wrinkles.

A spokesman for home hair colour brand Clairol Perfect 10, which carried out the study of 4,000 women, said: “Everything in life hits its peak at some point, and nearly reaching your thirties isn't so bad now.

”The age of 28 has been pinpointed as the time in a woman's life their hair looks the best, body shape is at its peak and confidence is at an all-time high.

The survey of 25-65 year olds recorded the age at which women were most content in 12 key areas of their life.

According to the results, women are happiest in their career at 29 and most content with their relationships one year later at 30, despite having the best sex at 28.

But all is not lost for the over 30s, as women feel most content with their financial situation at 33 and at ease with their home and family life at 32.

The research found two thirds of women feel they age more quickly than men. It also emerged that 56 per cent of women worry about losing their looks as they get older

But drinking from the fountain of youth doesn't come cheap as the average woman will spend £600 every year on beauty products in a bid to stay looking young.

The research also found women spend over five days a year on their beauty routine – an average of 22 minutes every day.

Vocabulary:

shortlived:living or lasting only a little while(短暂的)

fountain of youth:青春泉,长生不老泉(传说饮此泉者可恢复健康和返老还童,长生不老)

一项最新研究表明,女性在28岁时最幸福。

研究人员发现,在即将“奔三”之际,女性对自己的爱情生活最自信,感觉最幸福,同时也对自己的身材最满意。

也正是在这段时期,女性享受到质量最高的性生活,但这种幸福感持续的时间相对较短。

因为到那时,已届30岁的女性们开始担心衰老、长白头发和出现皱纹。

国内染发品牌“伊卡璐10分钟快速完美染发”对4千位女性进行了此项调查,该品牌的一位发言人说:“人生的每种经历都在某一时期达到顶点,现在看来,接近30岁并没有那么糟。”

“28岁被认定为女性一生之中头发最健康,身材最棒,最自信的年龄。”

受访女性年龄在25岁至65之间,研究人员记录了她们何时对生活中12个最关键的领域感觉最满足。

结果显示,女性29岁时在职场最开心,一年之后的30岁时对感情生活最满足,而在28岁时性生活质量最高。

但对女性来说,过了30岁也不会失去一切。女性在33岁时对经济状况最满意,在32岁时感觉家庭生活最舒心。

研究结果表明,2/3的女性认为自己比男性衰老更快。结果还表明,56%的女性担心随着年龄的增大,自己容颜尽失。

但想要容颜永驻可不便宜。为了看上去一直年轻,每位普通女性每年会花费600英镑购买美容产品。

研究还发现,女性每年用于日常美容的时间累计多于5天,平均每天22分钟。

托福阅读练习:你是否适合创业

Adapted from the upcoming book THE WALL STREET JOURNAL COMPLETE SMALL BUSINESS GUIDEBOOK (Three Rivers Press, Dec. 29, ).

Starting a business is a lot like becoming a parent. Not only do you have to prepare for your start-up emotionally and financially, but you have to be committed to its constant needs until it's mature enough to hum along on its own. And even then (much like a child) it will always need you in some capacity, no matter how old it gets.

创业很像当父母。你不仅要在感情上和财务上为自己的企业做好准备,还必须满足它持续不断的需求,直到它足够成熟可以自行运转。即便到了那个时候(很像长大的孩子),它仍然总是需要你投入一定的精力,无论它有多么成熟。

Here are five questions to ask before you start your own business:

在你考虑自立门户之前,不妨问问自己以下五个问题:

1. Am I passionate about my product or service? 我对自己的产品或者服务充满热情吗?

Let's face it: the start-up phase is stressful. You will find yourself questioning whether you've made the right decision, especially when the hours are long and the initial profits (if any) are lean. As the business owner, you're also chief salesperson for your company. Your enthusiasm for your product or service— whether it's hand-knit sweaters or top-notch tax preparation— is often the difference that hooks customers, lands deals and attracts investors. It's unwise to start down the path of entrepreneurship unless you've got a zeal that will get you through rough patches and keep you interested long after the initial enthusiasm has faded.

让我们直面这样的事实:创业初期你会面临压力很大。你会发现自己在不断质疑是否做出了正确的决策,尤其是在工作时间很长、但最初的利润却很少的情况下。作为企业所有人,你还是企业的主要销售人员。你对于自己产品或者服务──无论它是手织毛衫还是一流的税务服务──的热情常常是抓住客户、取得合约以及吸引投资者的与众不同之处。除非你抱有能够帮助自己度过艰难时日并且在最初的热情逐渐消退之后的很长时间里仍能保持浓厚兴趣的热忱,否则开始创业之路将是不明智的选择。

2. What is my tolerance for risk? 我容忍风险的程度如何?

Whether it's quitting your day job or signing a lease on a new space, nothing about starting a business is for the faint of heart. Just ask Ina Garten, who bought a specialty-foods store called The Barefoot Contessa in East Hampton, New York, in 1978 and has since branched out into cookbooks, television and a line of products. Garten tells aspiring entrepreneurs that you have to 'be willing to jump off the cliff and figure out how to fly on the way down.' Even with enough passion to launch a thousand ventures, you could find any number of circumstances hastening your failure: a location that turns out to be less than ideal, a problem with city or state zoning boards or a kink in the supply chain that can't easily be ironed out. There's no guarantee of success, or even a steady paycheck. If you're risk-averse, entrepreneurship probably isn't the right path for you.

无论是辞掉平日的工作,还是签署新的租约,创业的方方面面都不是为意志薄弱的人准备的。问问艾娜 加滕(Ina Garten)就好了。她在1978年买下了纽约州东汉普敦的一家特色食品商店The Barefoot Contessa,从此一发不可收拾,扩展至烹饪书籍、电视等领域,并推出了一系列产品。加滕告诉那些满怀抱负的企业家,你必须“愿意跳下悬崖,搞清楚在下降的过程中如何飞行。”即便你有足够的热情推出一千家企业,你还是可能会发现加速失败的各种情形:不太理想的地点,与城市或者州分区有关的麻烦,无法轻易摆脱的供应链问题等等。没有成功的保证,甚至是稳定的薪水。如果你不愿冒险,创业恐怕不是适合你走的路。

3. Am I good at making decisions? 我善于做出决策吗?

No one else is going to make them for you when you own your own business. Consider how you might handle these early decisions: Do I work from home or do I lease office space? Do I hire employees? Do I pursue high-end clients or sell to the masses? Do I incorporate? Do I advertise? Do I borrow money from friends or family? Do I use my entire savings? Keep in mind that the decision-making process only gets more complicated as time goes on, once you have employees or clients depending on you. The choices you make can lead to success or downfall, so you must feel confident in your ability to make the right call.

当你拥有自己的企业后,别人不会为你做出决策。想想你可能会怎么应对这些早期的决策:我是在家办公,还是在外租用办公室?我要不要雇佣员工?我要争取高端客户,还是面向大众销售?我要不要组建法人公司?我要不要打广告?我要不要从朋友或者家人那里借钱?我要不要用掉自己所有的积蓄?记住,一旦你开始有员工或者客户依赖于你,决策的过程只会随着时间的推移愈加复杂。你所做出的决策可能会直接导致成功或者失败,因此你必须对自己做出正确决策的能力充满信心才行。

4. Am I willing to take on numerous responsibilities? 我愿意承担多方面的责任吗?

While a corporate employee focuses on a special skill or role within the larger corporation, a business owner must contribute everything to the business. Solo entrepreneurs in particular must be versatile and play a number of roles, from chief salesperson and bookkeeper to head marketer and bill collector. If juggling many roles doesn't suit you, entrepreneurship probably won't, either. The recent economic downturn has made it more important than ever for business owners to have a good working knowledge of their companies' finances. While you will undoubtedly learn much on this topic from getting your hands dirty, the more knowledge you have in advance, the better prepared you'll be.

虽然企业的员工往往会关注一种特殊的技能或者角色,但是企业主必须为企业尽其所能。尤其是单打独斗的创业者必须是多面手,发挥多种作用,从销售、会计,到市场营销、收款,他要无所不能。如果在许多角色之间不断转换不适合你的话,创业可能也不会适合你。最近的经济衰退更使企业主深谙企业财务变得无比重要。虽然你无疑将会从实践中不断学习财务知识,但是你提前知道的越多,你就越有准备。.

5. Will I be able to avoid burnout? 我能够避免身心透支吗?

Working seven days a week, losing touch with friends, abandoning old hobbies and interests and not making time for loved ones can quickly lead to burnout in the midst of starting up— and ultimately to business failure. That's what happened to James Zimbardi, an entrepreneur in Orlando, Florida, who says he didn't know any better when he started his first company in and worked as hard as possible, for as long as possible, until his creativity, enthusiasm and energy were sapped. By , he was a broken man— the business took a downturn, and so did his personal life. Now Zimbardi is at work on his second company, Allgen Financial Services, and sticking to better habits to maintain work/life balance, such as not working on Sundays, making time for hobbies such as sailing and salsa dancing, and building close ties with other business owners through a faith-based support network.

一周七天整日忙于工作,与朋友失去联系,放弃原来的爱好和兴趣,无法为自己所爱的人抽出时间,这些都可能会很快导致创业过程中的身心透支──并且最终导致企业破产。这正是佛罗里达州奥兰多的创业者詹姆斯 辛巴迪(James Zimbardi)的经历。辛巴迪说,他在成立自己第一家公司的时候懵懵懂懂,只会拼命努力工作,废寝忘食,直到他的创造力、热情和精力消失殆尽。到的时候,他已经是一个散了架的人──企业陷入了低迷期,而他的个人生活也遭遇了挫折。如今,辛巴迪正在组建他的第二家公司Allgen Financial Services,这次他坚持保持良好的习惯维持工作、生活平衡,比如说周日不工作,为帆船和风情拉丁舞等爱好留出时间,通过一个宗教信仰支持网络与其他企业主建立密切的关系等等。

Take some time to mull over these questions, do some soul-searching, and then if you think you have what it takes, go for it.

篇6:雅思阅读之4招阅读秘籍

告诉你这4招阅读秘籍

01“点穴”

正确认识和有效提高词汇量。

即便是土生土长的老外也会遇到生词,莫说很多仓促上阵的考鸭们。

而且考试时间就是金钱,不可能一字一句毫无遗漏地读完。所以我提倡根据考试选材的常见类别进行相应的专题复习,加以一定的技巧,是可以在短期内有效提高单词的。

比如剑 4test3 中的火山一文,除了学习文中的词汇,还可以把滑坡 landslide,海啸 tsunami 等词加以衔接,达到举一反三的效果。若能结合国家地理或者探索频道的相关节目,效果会更好。建议抽取其中一两个段落进行精读,尤其熟悉短语和句型的表达,这样词汇必将更上一层楼。

同时要注意近义词的表达和积累。这在 summary 和是非题中都有体现。题目 往往来个易容之术,殊不知真相就在眼前。比如“下降”一词,就至少有 diminish,dwindle,plunge,plummet,等等,而词的用法和感情色彩有各自不同。前两者表示逐步下降,而后两者强调剧烈,突然的程度。

另一方面,对词性的把握要到位,这一点在 summary 中极为突出。考试中常 考的无外乎动词,名词以及形容词。预先估计出所填词的词性和大意,往往能先发制人。

此法好比武学之中的点穴秘籍,搏击之时拿人要穴,一击中的,可起四两拨千斤之效。关键之时一词语能救人。务必持之以恒,方见成效。

02

“经脉”

语法要疏通

语法无用论是坚决错误的!没有语法的词汇就像是脱缰的野马,散落的珍珠,无法够成一个有力的整体,发挥不了原有的效力。

也不提倡死背语法,而提倡活学活用。常用的语法如通过连接词判断词语乃至句子之间的联系,判断句子的主谓宾,分析从句这都是基本功。

即使找到题目所蕴含的关键词切莫高兴的太早,一定要仔细分析句子结构。往往答案巧妙的隐藏在原文之中,却不是光看表面就找的出来的。

03

“内息”

背景知识要熟悉

俗话说“外练筋骨皮,内练一口气”。内息可谓人体基础之基础。从语言学习的角度看自然指的是背景知识。

还有眼镜蛇毒一文,我因为对相关的国家地理和探索频道节目颇为关注,加上自小受家庭熏陶,对医药和毒物略知一二,自然也就没花多少力气。

津小乔在这里推荐各位烤鸭把喝咖啡和手牵手的时间节省一些出来,把看韩剧的热情投入到品味国家地理,探索频道,以及 bbc 节目中来,结合考试的常见题材加以学习,假以 时日,必有所成。若能持之以恒,必有大成。其中之乐,一言难尽。

04“巧劲”

巧用统筹方法

段落 matching 号称终极杀手,其实也并非无法可治。

比如剑五第 64 页 1 到 4 题,先观察选项,发现 1,2,4 全部指向某一个教育 项目。只要找出教育项目出自哪些段落便可事半功倍。然则这是第一步,会发现有 c,d,e, 三个段落体现了教育项目。在三对三的情况下,我们将 3,4 分别对应到了 c,e;此题无 NB,可大胆将 d 对应 1 段,无须细看文章。

其实,在雅思阅读考试中取得好成绩的真正秘技就在于,不要盲从于所谓速成 的“秘诀”,而应该同时兼顾能力的培养和技巧的训练,在扎实的语言能力基础上,真正获得高分的通行证和留学的语言利器。“无招胜有招”,莫过如此。

雅思阅读List of Headings的解决之道

List of Headings应该算得上雅思阅读考试中名副其实的难题了。究其因,有三难:

第一难:陌生。国内的英文考试基本都没有设置这样的题型,虽然小时候语文也考过段落大意,但是都要求自主归纳。而List of Headings有所不同,是别人归纳好的选项要求配对相应的段落。这就更难了,因为不仅要求自己归纳得要对,还要理解别人的归纳,而且还要二者完美对应。这就是为什么剑桥大学地方考试委员会(The University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate-UCLES)、英国文化委员会(The British Council)和澳大利亚高校国际开发署(IDP Education Australian)这些机构专门巧妙设计该题型的原因了——面对全球多区域的应试教育,该题型设计旨在考查考生对文章的综合理解能力以及对应能力。

第二难:浓缩。本题型之所以算雅思阅读中的一大难题,很大的原因就是因为浓缩性很强。有时候甚至选项中短短的两三个单词被用以概括满满当当的一大段或者好几段话,段落中根本找不到选项中的词,甚至连同义替换的影子都没有。比如:

Cambridge 6 General Training Test A Section 3 The Water Crisis

List of Headings

i. American water withdrawal

ii. Economic pricing

iii. What the future holds

iv. Successful measures taken by some

v. The role of research

vi. The thirsty sectors

vii. Ways of reducing waste

viii. Interdependence of natural resources

ix. The demands of development

x. The consequences for agriculture

B. Agriculture consumes about 70% of the world’s fresh water, so improvements ... At present, average efficiency in the use of irrigated water in agriculture may... After agriculture, industry is the second biggest user of water and, in terms of value added per litre used, is sixty times more productive than agriculture. However, some industrial processes... Though new processes have greatly reduced consumption, there is still plenty of room for big savings in industrial uses of water.

这篇文章的List of Headings虽然年代有点久远,然而拿给同学做练习,也并不是做得很理想。大家可以看到这边所有的选项单词数都在四个单词之内,浓缩率相当之高。其中的Paragraph B很多人都选不对答案,很多人都选择了x.The consequences for agriculture, 因为整段话看起来都是在讲农业agriculture。他们自以为看懂了,实际上还是停留在“自以为”的阶段上。实际上就算只看本段首末,首两句告诉我们农业用水量非常大,尤其是灌溉;最后一句话也告诉我们在工业上用水还是存在很大节省的空间的(there is still plenty of room for big savings in industrial uses of water)。怎么也都不能选择x这个选项,因为该选项以偏概全了。可是剩下的选项分明都不对劲啊,连选项中的单词都没出现在段落中。这就是这道题的难点了,vi. The thirsty sectors很渴的区域?什么意思?农业用水量巨大、工业耗水量不小,这二者是不是很渴的区域呢?用水量很大不就是很渴吗?很需要水吗?但是很多同学刚看到这个选项根本就想不到这一点,更想不到B段能与该选项对应。

第三难:陷阱。雅思选择配对类题型的共性就是干扰项多,迷惑性大。如上文第二点浓缩中所举的例子中的i. American water withdrawal选项,就在该文章第一个段落中出现:

A. Per capita water usage has been on an upward trend for manyyears. As countries industrialize and their citizens become more prosperous, their individual water usage increases rapidly. Annual per capita water withdrawals in the USA, for example, are about 1,700 cubic metres, four times the level in China and fifty times the level in Ethiopia…

本道题有部分同学在讲解List of Headings解题方式和做题注意事项之前误把i. American water withdrawal当作正解,只因选项里的每个单词在段落中都有完美的印证。然而,认真看,美国人均用水量只是for example而已!试问例子又怎么能作大意使用呢?本段全段都在讨论人均用水量变大,其中提到了原因——工业化industrialize以及人民生活越来越美好their citizens become more prosperous。所以正解理应为ix. The demands of development发展的需要。

II. How to deal with it?

1. Paragraph first or headings first?

既然List of Headings这么难,那到底应该怎么处理它比较妥当呢?烤鸭坊间有两种传闻:一种说,既然考查的是段落大意,那么,就应该先不理会选项(省得先入为主、被迷惑),直接从文章入手,看段落,自己心里有个大意之后再对照选项,选出合适的heading;另一种观点则相反,觉得反正最终都要跟选项进行对应,还不如一开始就先看选项,划出定位词,然后再看段落,在看段落的过程中结合选项中的词,进行对比,选出恰当的答案。

这两种做法都有道理,在实际授课过程中也确实都有同学在运用,而且都有高手作代表。然而,个人还是更倾向于第二种做法(即从选项入手,再看文章),毕竟先看段落的话,不是所有同学都能迅速、准确地理解段落的内容的。而利用选项中的词去找段落中的对应词还算是有针对性,只不过我还是要将方法稍微改良一下。因为通常一篇雅思阅读文章都不会只有List of Headings这一种题型,而与之搭配的多为细节题(Multiple choice, TRUE /FALSE / NOT GIVEN, Sentence completion, Short-answer questions, Matching, Diagrams, 或者细节加主旨都考的Summary)。朗阁海外考试研究中心分析认为,做题的时候,先做细节题型后做主旨类的题型,会使得做题效率大大提升。因为细节做完之后或许可以直接推出该段的段落主旨;而先做主旨题,因为本身题目难度较大,极容易犯错误,就算主旨题做对,知道了该段的大意,也未必可以直接做出细节题。因为一段话中主旨只有一个,而细节却可以有N个。试想一下,以小见大容易还是以大推小容易?别忘了,在我们雅思阅读判断题中,以小见大多为TRUE, 以大推小通常为NOT GIVEN!这里的“大”指的是文章的大方向——主旨题,“小”则指各种细节题。举个例子,如果我们先知道以下的细节:这房间里的空调很旧;这房间里的地毯很脏;这房间里的空气很糟…… 我们一定可以推出这样的大意:大家对这房间的感觉都不太好。对吧?相反,如果我们先知道大意——大家对这个房间的评价不好,我们可以直接推出大家是不满意空调还是地毯还是空气还是别的什么东西吗?恐怕很难。

所以,笔者个人推荐先做其他题型,再来完成List of Headings!但是,我会先请同学们把headings,即备选选项都看一遍,划下相关核心词,划掉例子中选过的答案(范例中选过的选项其他段不会再选),然后去做文中除List of Headings之外的题型。在做其余题型的过程中,但凡出现选项中的相关重要词汇(含同义转换)就及时回Heading去对应、排除或确定,并不是说绝对都把Headings放在最后完成。

2. Features of Correct Answers

要想做对题,我们得弄清楚什么样的答案才是正确答案,这样才能有的放矢。因为List of Headings考查的是段落大意,所以正确答案必须同时具备以下两个特征:

(1). 选项中的所有关键词都应该在段落中出现

请注意,这里说的是所有关键词都要出现,而不是只出现其中的部分关键词。只出现部分关键词,另一些关键词缺失或是偷梁换柱都是干扰项的特征。当然,“出现”并不是一定要原词出现,也可以同义转换(如farming与agriculture),也可以只是体现到位(如farming与growing plants)等。

(2). 选项中的关键词必须是该段的重点词

就算选项里的所有定位词段落当中都有,也不能保证正确答案一定就是该选项,还必须保证该选项所提及的内容是整个段落讲解的核心内容。也就是说,必须具有概括性。因为如果只是段落中的细节,如举例,是绝对不能作为一个段落的Heading的。只见树木不见森林,也是错误选项的一大特征。

3. Topic Sentences

大多段落都有分明的结构关系:总分(演绎)、分总(归纳)或是总分总。所以段落的中心句一般都在段落的开头或者是结尾。当然,偶尔也有在段中或者没有中心句需要整段总体把握的情况发生。

那么怎么判断一个句子是不是中心句呢?朗阁海外考试研究中心的老师建议大家可以根据以下的一些信号词快速辨别中心句的位置:

(1). 转折、让步类信号词

转折:but, however, yet, nevertheless, nonetheless, in fact, actually, unfortunately, fortunately;

让步:despite, in spite of, although, even though, though, albeit

(2). 总结类信号词

in brief, in summary/ conclusion, as already stated/ mentioned/ talked/ said/ discussed…, to sum up, above all,

(3). 结果类信号词

as a result, consequently, therefore, hence, thus, in short, in a/ one word, for this season, resulting, so, as a consequence, lead to, result in, attribute to, contribute to, give rise to, bring about, generate, produce, breed, be responsible for等。

这三类信号词出现时,中心句基本都在该信号词后面。

(2). 举例信号词

for example, for instance, e.g., such as, like, take sth. for example

(3). 并列、递进类信号词

and, as well, also, besides, apart from, in addition, what’s more, furthermore, moreover

这两类信号词出现的时候,中心句一般都在这些信号词之前。

(4). 下定义信号词

be, be known as, be termed as, be called, be considered as, be regarded as, denote, be defined as, definition, so-called, be referred to as

(5). 强调类信号词

especially valuable, the most substantial issue, pay particular/ special attention to, a primary/ great/ serious concern, a key feature, important to note…, we have to emphasize here…

(6). 解释类信号词

what I mean is that…, this means, meaning, that is, namely, in other words

这三类信号词出现时,中心词基本都在这些信号词所在的本句话中,中心内容也围绕该词展开。

4. Three-step Cracking Strategy

通过以上中心句的判断方法,朗阁海外考试研究中心的老师建议大家做List of Headings题时可以根据以下三个步骤去判断:

(1). 段落的一二两句

段落的一二两句是中心句出现频率最高的地方,而之所以要看一二句而不是只看第一句是因为有时候第二句会来个急转折,使得整个段落的重心一下子压在第二句话之后。就算不转折,看第二句话也可以帮助判断第一句话是否就是中心句。比如:

Cambridge 9 Test 1 Passage 2 Paragraph 2

In discussing whether we are alone, most SETI scientists adopt two ground rules. First, UFOs…

就算后面的信息不看,我们也可以知道第一句话肯定就是中心句了。因为第二句话在延续第一句话的内容展开。

(2). 段落最后一句

如果一二两句看完了对段落大意还是没有什么头绪,那么就建议大家再看段落最后一句话,末句也是很有可能总结全段内容的。比如:

Cambridge 9 Test 2 Passage 3 Paragraph 1

… Briefly, an iconoclast is a person who does something that others say can’t be done.

(3). 段落剩余的句子

如果看了开头一二两句加上最后一句都没有办法选出合适的段落Heading,这时候就只好把剩余的句子都浏览一遍了。目前,较多考试的真题都需要大家整段浏览,才能得到正确答案。

不过,需要注意的是,既然我们在文章开头建议大家先做别的题型再来解决List of Headings,那么在做Headings的时候一般我们别的题型都已经基本完成了,只剩大意题。既然只要大意,那不管看哪个段落哪个句子,记住,只要看句子主干就可以了。这样会节省不少时间哦!

5. Sample Analysis

说了这么多,我们现在就来实践一下,比如:

Cambridge 8 Test 1 Passage 2 Air Traffic Control In The USA

List of Headings

i. Disobeying FAA regulations 违反FAA的规定

ii. Aviation disaster prompts action 空难促使行动

iii. Two coincidental developments 二种巧合的发展

iv. Setting altitude zones 设定空中(海拔)区域

v. An oversimplified view 一种过于简单的观点

vi. Controlling pilots’ licences 控制宇航员的执照

vii. Defining airspace categories 界定空中区域的类别

viii. Setting rules to weather conditions 根据天气状况设立规则

ix. Taking off safely 安全起飞

x. First steps towards ATC 航空交通管制的第一步

14. Paragraph A

Example

Paragraph B x

15. Paragraph C

16. Paragraph D

17. Paragraph E

18. Paragraph F

19. Paragraph G

本题中的Headings选项很短,选项中的每个词基本都是重要的定位词。建议大家把每个选项的意思读透(参考翻译见上文),这样的话做后面题型的时候不至于把前面所划的定位词全给忘了。而上文中Paragraph B已经选了x这个选项,所以直接可以把该选项剔除掉。

然后像我们前文提过的,大家不必急着看段落做List of Headings!可以直接到文章后面去看另一个题型——TRUE, FALSE, NOT GIVEN,先完成20-26的判断题。因为20-26的判断题也是考查本篇文章,也都要出现在文中各个段落。那么做完了20-26题,是不是会对段落的大意起到一定的作用呢?让我们一同来见证一下:

Question 20. The FAA was created as a result of the introduction of the jet engine.

对应答案句:

Paragraph A An accident that occurred in the skies over the Grand Canyon in 1956 resulted in the establishment of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to regulate and oversee …

分析:本题考查的是FAA诞生的原因,原文说的是因为空难才导致了美国空中管制,而题目说的是因为喷射式发动机的出现才有了FAA,明显不对。

那做完了这一题,有没有觉得前面看过的Headings其中一个选项完美重叠本题内容——ii 空难导致行动,这边的行动指的当然是空中管制了。答案是不是基本就敲定了?如果不放心,也可以再快速浏览下A段剩余的句子(其实也就剩下一句了),也能找到答案。

大家怀疑是巧合吗?那我们再来看几道题吧!

Question 23. Some improvements were made in radio communication during World War II.

对应答案句:

Paragraph C. In the 1940s, ATC centres could and did take advantage of the newly developed radar and improved radio communication brought about by the Second World War, but the system remained rudimentary.

分析:本题定位很简单,考查的是在二战期间无线电通讯技术是否有取得一些进展。原文对应句说的是在二十世纪四十年代,空中管制中心可以利用新开发的雷达技术和第二次世界大战改进过了的无线电交流技术,但是该系统依然很落后。由此可见,二战期间无线电通讯技术应该是有了一些长进。所以该题答案为TRUE。

这题做完之后,大家观察下前面看过的Headings, iii选项中有个developments与题目中的improvements是近义词吧?当然做Headings不能这么粗略地选择,但是我们心里有了怀疑对象,那就再尝试拿选项中的其他内容去段落中进行对照,选项中的two coincidental developments两个偶然/巧合的发展,段落总共就两句话:第一句讲了23题中考查到的雷达和无线电交流技术的进步,第二句则提到了由此导致的空中管制系统以及喷射式发动机的出现,而且还点出了this was fortuitous这是很偶然的。就算同学看不懂fortuitous这个词,应该也可以猜出15题正解确实是iii了。

Questions 24-26

Question 24 Class F airspace is airspace which is below 365m and not near airports.

Question 25 All aircraft in Class E airspace must use IFR.

Question 26 A pilot entering Class C airspace is flying over an average-sized city.

这三道题对应的段落都是G段,做完了这三题,考生会发现G段出现最多的词就是Class,放眼望去,基本都是这个词。是不是呢?class这个词有类别的意思,跟我们前面看过的heading选项vii中的categories是同义词,而且段落中的Class A, Class C, Class D, Class E等等是不是反映了题目中的categories这个复数呢?那答案十有八九就是它了。不放心的话首句再看一下:Controlled airspace is divided into several different types, designated by letters of the alphabet. 答案再确定不过了,是不是一箭双雕?做出了判断,同时就能推测出段落大意了。

而Question 24中又跨段考查信息,涉及到Paragraph E段的内容。做完了判断题,大家会发现E段主要对应24题中Class F的离机场远近及离地面的高度问题,尤其是段中出现了好几个高度区间,如“… from 365m above the ground and higher…”, “…extends down to 215m above the ground…”以及“…below 365m…”特别引人注目。所以认识选项iv中“altitude zones”——海拔区域的同学应该都会注意到这个选项与E段存在的联系。谨慎一下,再与文中首末句做下对比,就没什么太大异议了。

那么现在,有没有发现我们已经利用两种题型之间的联系,在做判断题的同时做出了好几题List of Headings呢?Paragraph A, C, E, G我们都不需要另外再花什么时间去做了对不对?

可是还剩下Paragraph D and F, 怎么办?请记住,不可能所有题目都是有关联的。遇到与其他题目都毫无关联的题目也是很正常的,我们需要利用前面提过的“Three-step Strategy三步法”另作处理。

首先,我们先看D段的一二两句:”Many people think that ATC consists of a row of controllers sitting in front of their radar screens at the nation’s airports, telling arriving and departing traffic what to do. This is a very incomplete part of the picture. …”很明显这两句话一句说观点,一句在点评,而且这个点评还不是很积极。出现了incomplete这个否定词,这样一来,与我们选项v. An oversimplified view是不是极为吻合?

至于F段,也是很典型的总分结构。一二两句也道出了主要大意——“The FAA then recognized two types of operating environments. In good meteorological conditions, flying would be permitted under Visual Flight Rules (VFR), which suggests a strong reliance on visual cues to maintain an acceptable level of safety. …”operating environments航行的环境除了指天气还能指什么呢?果然,第二句话就开始讲meteorological conditions气象条件。当然,看不懂meteorological conditions的同学就只能多费些功夫,把段落剩下的信息再分析分析了。在段中还是有”on a clear day”这样的信息与前两句紧密相连的。应该也不难选出viii. Setting rules to weather conditions这个选项了。

III. Categories of ‘List of Headings’

List of Headings从形式上来说,主要分为两种:1. 单段Heading(我也把它称作Paragraph Heading), 如前文例子——Cambridge 8 Test 1 Passage 2, 也就是每一道题目都只针对一个段落;2. 多段Heading, 也就是Section Heading, 某些section里不止有一个段落,如Cambridge 7 Test 2 Passage 3 Makete Integrated Rural Transport Project。这篇文章中的A, B, C, D, F段都不止一段,而E段则只有一段。

雅思阅读考试大多数还是考查单段heading的,不过单段和多段headings这两种形式做题思路并无太大分别。单段Heading建议大家就按上文提到的三步骤去做,而多段因为除首段外,还需要照顾到其他段落的内容,则建议大家每部分首段以三步骤去完成,而其余段落则看开头两句,二者相加即是答案。

IV. The Summing-up

从难度上来说,List of Headings题算是比较费时也考验大家理解能力的一个题型。其干扰项很有迷惑性,而且因为该题型答案不会重复,故选过的答案大家就会划掉。那么一旦选错,就可能导致接连错误的现象发生。所以,朗阁海外考试研究中心的老师建议各位考生,在答案还未完全确定之前,切莫轻易划除任何选项。任何有可能的选项都应该先写在旁边以待检验。

雅思阅读模拟题:THE GAP of INGENUITY 2

THE GAP of INGENUITY 2

Ingenuity, as I define it here, consists not only of ideas for new technologies like computers or drought-resistant crops but, more fundamentally, of ideas for better institutions and social arrangements, like efficient markets and competent governments.

How much and what kinds of ingenuity a society requires depends on a range of factors, including the society's goals and the circumstances within which it must achieve those goals——whether it has a young population or an aging one, an abundance of natural resources or a scarcity of them, an easy climate or a punishing one, whatever the case may be.

How much and what kinds of ingenuity a society supplies also depends on many factors, such as the nature of human inventiveness and understanding, the rewards an economy gives to the producers of useful knowledge, and the strength of political opposition to social and institutional reforms.

A good supply of the right kind of ingenuity is essential, but it isn't, of course, enough by itself. We know that the creation of wealth, for example, depends not only on an adequate supply of useful ideas but also on the availability of other, more conventional factors of production, like capital and labor. Similarly, prosperity, stability and justice usually depend on the resolution, or at least the containment, of major political struggles over wealth and power. Yet within our economics ingenuity often supplants labor, and growth in the stock of physical plant is usually accompanied by growth in the stock of ingenuity. And in our political systems, we need great ingenuity to set up institutions that successfully manage struggles over wealth and power. Clearly, our economic and political processes are intimately entangled with the production and use of ingenuity.

The past century’s countless incremental changes in our societies around the planet, in our technologies and our interactions with our surrounding natural environments have accumulated to create a qualitatively new world. Because these changes have accumulated slowly, It’s often hard for us to recognize how profound and sweeping they've. They include far larger and denser populations; much higher per capita consumption of natural resources; and far better and more widely available technologies for the movement of people, materials, and especially information.

In combination, these changes have sharply increased the density, intensity, and pace of our inter actions with each other; they have greatly increased the burden we place on our natural environment; and they have helped shift power from national and international institutions to individuals and subgroups, such as political special interests and ethnic factions.

As a result, people in all walks of life-from our political and business leaders to all of us in our day-to-day——must cope with much more complex, urgent, and often unpredictable circumstances. The management of our relationship with this new world requires immense and ever-increasing amounts of social and technical ingenuity. As we strive to maintain or increase our prosperity and improve the quality of our lives, we must make far more sophisticated decisions, and in less time, than ever before.

When we enhance the performance of any system, from our cars to the planet's network of financial institutions, we tend to make it more complex. Many of the natural systems critical to our well-being, like the global climate and the oceans, are extraordinarily complex to begin with. We often can't predict or manage the behavior of complex systems with much precision, because they are often very sensitive to the smallest of changes and perturbations, and their behavior can flip from one mode to another suddenly and dramatically. In general, as the human-made and natural systems we depend upon become more complex, and as our demands on them increase, the institutions and technologies we use to manage them must become more complex too, which further boosts our need for ingenuity.

The good news, though, is that the last century's stunning changes in our societies and technologies have not just increased our need for ingenuity; they have also produced a huge increase in its supply. The growth and urbanization of human populations have combined with astonishing new communication and transportation technologies to expand interactions among people and produce larger, more integrated, and more efficient markets. These changes have, in turn, vastly accelerated the generation and delivery of useful ideas.

But—and this is the critical “but”——we should not jump to the conclusion that the supply of ingenuity always increases in lockstep with our ingenuity requirement: While it's true that necessity is often the mother of invention, we can't always rely on the right kind of ingenuity appearing when and where we need it. In many cases, the complexity and speed of operation of today's vital economic, social, arid ecological systems exceed the human brains grasp. Very few of us have more than a rudimentary understanding of how these systems work. They remain fraught with countless “unknown unknowns,” which makes it hard to supply the ingenuity we need to solve problems associated with these systems.

In this book, explore a wide range of other factors that will limit our ability to supply the ingenuity required in the coming century. For example, many people believe that new communication technologies strengthen democracy and will make it easier to find solutions to our societies' collective problems, but the story is less clear than it seems. The crush of information in our everyday lives is shortening our attention span, limiting the time we have to reflect on critical matters of public policy, and making policy arguments more superficial.

Modern markets and science are an important part of the story of how we supply ingenuity. Markets are critically important, because they give entrepreneurs an incentive to produce knowledge. As for science, although it seems to face no theoretical limits, at least in the foreseeable future, practical constraints often slow its progress. The cost of scientific research tends to increase as it delves deeper into nature. And science's rate of advance depends on the characteristic of the natural phenomena it investigates, simply because some phenomena are intrinsically harder to understand than others, so the production of useful new knowledge in these areas can be very slow. Consequently, there is often a critical time lag between the recognition between a problem and the delivery of sufficient ingenuity, in the form of technologies, to solve that problem. Progress in the social sciences is especially slow, for reasons we don't yet understand; but we desperately need better social scientific knowledge to build the sophisticated institutions today’s world demands.

Questions:

Complete each sentence with the appropriate answer, A, B, C, or D

Write the correct answer in boxes 27-30 on your answer sheet.

27 The definition of ingenuity

28 The requirement for ingenuity

29 The creation of social wealth

30 The stability of society

A depends on many factors including climate.

B depends on the management and solution of disputes.

C is not only of technological advance, but more of institutional renovation.

D also depends on the availability of some traditional resources.

Question 31-33

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C, or D.

Write your answers in boxes 31-33 on your answer sheet.

31 What does the author say about the incremental change of the last 100 years?

A It has become a hot scholastic discussion among environmentalists.

B Its significance is often not noticed.

C It has reshaped the natural environments we live in.

D It benefited a much larger population than ever.

32 The combination of changes has made life.

A easier

B faster

C slower

D less sophisticated

33 What does the author say about the natural systems?

A New technologies are being developed to predict change with precision.

B Natural systems are often more sophisticated than other systems.

C Minor alterations may cause natural systems to change dramatically.

D Technological developments have rendered human being more independent of natural systems.

Question 34-40

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3?

In boxes 34-40 on your answer sheet, write

YES if the statement is true

NO if the statement is false

NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage

34 The demand for ingenuity has been growing during the past 100 years.

35 The ingenuity we have may be inappropriate for solving problems at hand.

36 There are very few who can understand the complex systems of the present world.

37 More information will help us to make better decisions.

38 The next generation will blame the current government for their conduct.

39 Science tends to develop faster in certain areas than others.

40 Social science develops especially slowly because it is not as important as natural science.

(转第二页)

文章题目:The Gap of Ingenuity2

篇章结构

体裁:论说文

题目:创新的空白2

结构:(一句话概括每段大意)

A段:创新的定义

B段:一个社会需要多少创造及哪种创造,取决于多种因素

C段:一个社会能提供多少或何种创造,同样取决于多种因素

D段:充足优质的创造非常重要,但是还不够

E段:这些年来发生了很多重大改变,但是整个改变过程比较慢,人们可能没意识到它们有多重要

F段:改变使人们之间的互动变得多了,压力变得大了,环境被破坏了

G段:呼吁人们做出精准的抉择

H段:控制生存体系的制度和科技增强对创意的需求

I段:社会与科技的变革加速了创意时代的解放思想

J段:对于经济、社会、生态系统的未知使人们很难创造充足的创意解决问题

K段:新世纪中限制人们设计创意能力的各种因素

L段:现代市场和科学是创意设计的重要组成成分

参考译文:

创新过程的空白

创造,就像笔者在这里定义的一样,不仅仅指那些关于计算机、抗早作物之类的新科技的构想,更重要的是指那些关于优化制度和社会安排的思想,例如高效市场、法定 政府等。

一个社会需要多少创造及哪种创造,取决于多种因素,包括社会目标和达成这些社会目标时所处的社会环境一一无论它是年轻型社会还是老龄化社会:是自然物资丰富或是物资匮乏;是气候宜人或气候恶劣。

一个社会能提供多少或何种创造,同样取决于众多因素,例如人类创造和理解的本性、 有用知识的制造者所获得的经济回报、以及社会制度改革的政治反对派的力量等。

充足优质的创造非常重要,当然这还不够。例如,我们知道财富的创造不仅取决于充足 的、有价值的创意,还需要更多其他传统生产因素,如资本和劳动力。同样,繁荣、稳定、公正通常取决于对财富和权力的重大政治斗争的决议,或者至少是针对它们的遏制政策。然而目前,我们的经济创意常常将劳动力排挤在外,随着创意的增长,机器设备实体通常也随之增长。在现有的政治体系中,我们需要更多的创意来建设社会制度,从而成功地管控财富和权力斗争。很明显,我们的经济政治进程正紧密地与这些创意产物 结合在一起。

过去的一个世纪中,在我们的整个社会范围、科技领域和我们与周围自然环境的互动中产生的不计其数并不断增加的变化,己经积累到了足以创造一个高品质的新世界。由于这些变化是慢慢积累起来的,所以我们通常很难认识到它们所影响的深度与广度。这些变化波及了更广泛、更密集的人群,它们使得人均自然资源消耗变得更高,并提供了更有效、更广泛的交通运输技术,尤其是信息传播技术。

总的来说,这些变化已经大大增加了我们彼此互动的深度、强度和速度:但也显著增加 了人类对自然环境造成的负担;同时也促使人类社会将权力从国家和国际组织转移到 个人和群体组织中,例如特殊政治利益和民族派别。

因此,来自不同领域的人们——从政治经济领袖到我们日常生活中的普通人——必须 应对更为复杂、紧迫、甚至不可预料的社会环境。我们需要大量的、不断增长的社会和 技术创新来处理我们与新世界的关系。当人类努力保持或增强社会繁荣、提高生活质量时,我们必须在比以往更短的时间内做出更精确的决策。

从汽车到环球金融网络,我们再提升任何一个体系的效能时,都会不由自主地把它复杂化。人类赖以生存的自然环境体系通常也是相当复杂的,例如全球气候和海洋。由于这些复杂体系对微小扰动极其敏感,系统表现可以从一种模式急剧切换到另一种模式,所以人类很难精确预测它们的各种变化。通常,当我们赖以生存的人造体系和自然体系越来越复杂时,当我们对这些生存体系的要求越来越多时,我们用来控制这些体系的制度和科技也会越来越复杂,而这则会进一步增强我们对创意的需求。

好消息是,在社会与技术发生巨大变革的上个世纪中,我们不进增加了对创意的需求, 也创造出了大量的创意.随着人口的增加、城市化进程的加速,新的通讯和物流技术也迅速增长,这大大拓展了人与人之间的交流,并催生了更广泛、更综合、更高效的市场: 反过来,这些变化在很大程度上也加速了这个创意时代的思潮解放。

但是——用批判的眼光来看——我们不能直接得出结论说,我们的创意能一直跟上需求的脚步:虽然说需求是创造之母,但我们不能总指望在我们有需要的时候,恰好就有相应的创造产生。今天,在许多情况中,经济、社会、生态系统运转的复杂性和速度, 都远远超出了人类大脑的应变范围。大部分人对这些系统的运转原理都知之甚少,人们仍然充满了数不胜数的“未知的未知”,这些未知使得人们很难创造出充足的创意来解决生活体系中的种.种问题。

本书中,笔者研究分析了那些可能在新世纪中制约我们设计创意能力的各种因素。例如,许多人认为新的信息技术增强了社会民主性,并使得人们解决社会群体事件变得更容易,但事实似乎并非如此.日常生活中的信息拥塞反而分散了我们的注意力,减少了 人们对公共政治等重要事件的思考时间,并使得政治观点更加表面化。

现代市场和科学是我们创意设计的重要组成部分。市场的重要性在于,它为企业家创造 知识提供了经济动力。对于科学来说,尽管似乎没什么理论限制,但在实践环节上的制约会减缓科学的实现进程,至少在今后一段时间内都会如此。随着科学研究的深入, 其成本也在逐渐上升。同时,科学的进步速率取决于人们研究的自然现象的特征,有些现象或领域就是比其他的现象或领域难,所以这些领域中的知识进步会非常缓慢。因此,在人们发现问题到提供解决问题的创意或技术之间,通常会有一段很长的滞后期。由于某些未知的原因,社会科学的进步尤其缓慢:但我们迫切需要更好的社会科学理论,以 建立起符合现代世界需求的庞大制度体系。

篇7:雅思阅读之如何提高阅读速度

要想阅读得高分 提高阅读速度是关键

首先我们要明白的是,雅思阅读能力是从泛读中来,而不是精读。比较语言知识不是语言能力。单纯背一万个单词,熟记语法规则并不能保证在正常的时间之内,准确领悟篇章的内容。

其次,每天要保证一定的阅读量和阅读文章。给自己设定一个目标,8000个词汇,两个小时内必须完成。要知道英语的学习不为单纯的学而学,必须要明白其中的乐趣。要与书本产生知识和思想上的交流。一遍读过,不回头,读懂70%-80%的内容即可。

面对不认识的单词,查过的词汇不注解其汉语意思,而是将其所在的句子一并copy下来,当作笔记。并定期翻阅笔记,回忆词汇,回忆句子,回忆文章。这样可以巩固知识面,巩固句法结构,巩固词汇。

小站老师特别提醒:

1、选择适合自己的材料,不然只会有挫败感。

2、在大脑最清醒的时候看,并时不时的奖励自己。

以上就是小站老师总结的关于,希望可以帮助到大家。

雅思阅读实用临场技巧解析

所有的问题都要回答,答错不倒扣分数。

雅思的阅读要读3篇长文章,回答40个问题,平均每篇文章13-14个问题。而且不像听力考试那样,考完还有10分钟把答案抄到答题纸上,因此,只有1个小时要完成所有的答题时间还是比较紧的。

做好阅读的关键就是多练习。看报纸、杂志和原文小说,努力提高阅读能力,加快阅读速度。太傻网全新改版的《每日阅读》栏目的文章很适合用来练习阅读能力。剑桥雅思3的阅读模拟题要认真做。

最重要的是,阅读考试并不考你对某一篇文章读懂了多少,而是考查你的阅读技巧,就是快速阅读的能力--扫描与略读。

所谓的扫描就好像看电话号码簿,你心里很清楚你要找什么,所以你快速扫描所看的那一页来找到答案。这种技巧通常用来回答多项选择题以及配对题。快速扫描文章找到问题所问的信息。

略读就是快速阅读一个段落,了解中心意思,而忽略细节。这种技巧可以用来回答:“给出一个段落的小标题 ”或是“在那个段落中提到这个信息?”或是“作者的观点”这类的题目。

雅思阅读的难度是渐进的,做题的时间安排应该是:第一篇文章大约用15-17分钟,第二篇20分钟左右,23-25分钟做第三篇。如果有多余的时间就检查一下答案。

建议在读文章以前先快速浏览一遍所有的问题,有个大致的概念你需要去寻找什么样的信息,需要用扫描阅读还是略读,还是两种技巧都要使用。浏览问题的时候,用铅笔划出重要的信息,例如:日期、地点和名字。

浏览完毕所有问题之后,扫读一次文章,标出重要的部分。如果看见任何与问题相关的信息,直接标出来,有些题目边看就可以边答了。

根据自己标出的重要信息一次回答问题,文章看过一遍以后,去找特定的信息就会变得更容易。

答案在文章里面出现的顺序通常与问题的顺序是一致的,例如第4题的答案通常会比第5题的答案先出现。不过这主要看问题的类型,如果问题问的是In which paragraph does this information appear?" 以及Yes / No / Not given类型的问题,那么答案就不一定是按顺序了。

一找到问题的答案就在答题纸上作答,不一定要按顺序回答问题。

注意看题目要求,如果题目要求用不超过3个单词来作答,记住不要超过3个。

最难的是 True / False / Not given 与Yes / No / Not given 类型的题目。平时多练习做这种题型,考试的时候要记住看清楚要你回答True / False还是Yes / No,不要用True / False回答Yes/No,也不要用Yes/No回答True/False,这种回答会被视为错误而没有分数。

不要在一个题目停留太久,找不到答案就接着做下一题,有时间再回头做。

科技类雅思阅读高频词汇总结

下面就跟着新东方雅思频道的小编来学习一下这些科技类的雅思高频词汇吧。

科技类的雅思高频词汇一部分:

phosphorus 磷,磷光物质

inflammable 易燃的 ( flame)

arduous 艰巨的 (=strenuous)an arduous task

pitfall 陷阱,未预见之困难

metallurgy 冶金

alloy 合金

aluminum = aluminium (BE)^ calcium, uranium, radium^ copper, brass, bronze

electrode 电极

distill 蒸馏 distilled water

retina 视网膜

iris 虹膜

opaque 不透明的v.s. transparent, translucent

microprocessor 微处理器^ CPU(Central Processing Unit), chip

binary 二进制的

integrate à integrated, integrationintegrated circuit (IC), system integration (SI)

buffer 缓冲区buffer storage

browser 浏览器 (^ IE, Netscape)

hypertext 超文本

envisage 想象,看作 en + vis(see) + ageThe internet can be envisaged as a network of visual telephone links.

momentous (极为)重要的v.s. momentary

reticular 网状的

Ethernet 以太网

domain 域 domain names

cyberlaw 网络法律 “cyber-“: Internet relatedcyberlove, cybercafe, …

patent 专利 (à patented)v.s. copyright, ^ pirated software/VCD’s

chronological 按时间顺序的 “chron”: time^ chronic, chronicle, chronograph

robot 机器人(“肉包它”)à robotics

artificial 人造的,做作的artificial satellite/smile

cone 圆锥体,锥形物the nose cone of a missile

Jupiter 木星^ Mercury, Venus, Mars, Saturn

exorbitant 过度的,过分的,过高的ex(out) + orbit + ant

如何巧妙选择雅思阅读判断词

判断 judgment

判断词的选择

考生们在参加雅思考试时,往往会遇到无法确定考试中考点的问题。有些同学费尽心思在文中找到答案出处,仔细比较原文和题目间的关系,但最终发现依然选择错误,以下是一道经典真题:

以下是雅思考试的一道真题,反映出了雅思考试阅读部分对于学生判断的考察,

原文: Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is a book which looks at radical new approaches to learning, describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning. One theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov, which focuses on the power of suggestion.

题目:

The book Educating psyche is mainly concerned with

A. The power of suggestion in learning .

B. A particular technique for learning based on emotions

C. The effects of emotion on the imagination and the unconscious

D. Ways of learning which are not traditional

正确答案: D

题目分析:本题是雅思阅读考试中的典型题型,题目中的选项和原文分别由对应关系。其中最具有迷惑性的是C选项,选项中的内容The effects of emotion on the imagination and the unconscious 基本为原文原词,这会让很多同学与原文中的describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning.混淆,误以为这两个句子表达的是同样的意思。考生们仔细观察会发现,原文的意思是:情绪、想象力和无意识在学习中的影响。题目中的意思是:情绪对于想象力和无意识的影响。这两个句子在中文意思上差别很大,如果考生在考场中无法准确的翻译出句子的意思可以简单的比较两个句子的内容。题目中的句子是emotion on the imagination and the unconscious,而原文是effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious。原文的句子中emotion, imagination and the unconscious这三个词是并列的,而在题目中则不是。A选项里的The power of suggestion是原文内容,也具有较大的迷惑性,但是纵观全文会发现A选项中的in learning 在原文中是没有提到的,属于推断内容。B选项内容属于原文中完全没有提及,这样的选项属于难度较低的选项,针对的是基础较差的学生。D选项为正确选项,选项中的 not traditional对应原文中的radical new 这两个选项虽然使用的单词完全不一样,但是表达的意思却是相同的。

In general, it is plausible to suppose that we should prefer peace and quiet to noise. And yet most of us have had the experience of having to adjust to sleeping in the mountains or the countryside because it was initially 'too quiet', an experience that suggests that humans are capable of adapting to a wide range of noise levels.

The writer suggests that people may have difficulty sleeping in the mountains because

A. Humans do not prefer peace and quiet to noise

B. They may be exposed to short bursts of very strange sounds

C. Humans prefer to hear certain amount of noise while whey sleeps.

D. They may have adapted to a higher noise level in the city.

篇8:雅思阅读解题技巧之题型分析

雅思阅读配对题并不是按照文章顺序原则出的,建议考生优先选择关键词定位,先做顺序类题如选择题、填空题等,最后做配对题。

由于雅思阅读配对题的选项多于题目,而不是一一对应,因此在做题时首先做好排除法,找出最优选项。

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