以下是小编帮大家整理的托福写作怎样才能避免中式英文，本文共6篇，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
篇1：托福写作怎样才能避免中式英文
托福写作怎样才能避免中式英文
对很多中国托福考生来说，写作实际上是个翻译过程，如何把思想中的中文转化成现实中的英文是托福基础写作关心的问题，也是学生们首要应该解决的问题。但是我们的学生受思维定式的影响，如果在新托福写作中套汉语思维，就是中式化英语的表现。这只能使文章语言蹩脚、冗赘。所以考生在托福写作备考时，要注意英语表达和汉语表达的差别，重要的一点是托福写作应避免中式英文。
1、Original: If we agree to say that school offers us the best book knowledge acquisition then our society offers us the best surviving techniques in a hard way.
Revised: If we agree that school offers the best method for the acquisition of book knowledge, then our society offers us the best method for acquiring common sense or “street smarts”.
Agree to say that表达中式化，只需要agree that即可;the best book knowledge acquisition改为the best method for the acquisition of book knowledge(学校给我们提供了获取书本知识的方法)更为恰当 ，同样后面的the best surviving techniques改为the best method for acquiring common sense,加上street marks(街头智慧)给文章的托福词汇增添色彩。
2、Original: They can spend more time studying education and communication to improve their role as a mother, wife and daughter.
Revised: They can also decide to spend more time studying, education themselves, in order to improve themselves in their roles as mothers, wives and daughters.
原句中studying education and communication的说法中式化，不符合英语的表述，应该为studying，educating themselves。除了词语表达，此句中还存在其他问题，如名词单复数的使用：不是提高他们的角色，而是提高他们自身以扮演好母亲角色。
还有，女性不止一个人。很多人都在扮演母亲角色，role和mother应用复数，故将improve their role as a mother改为improve themselves in their roles as mother;同样，为保持一致，wife和daughter也可用复数，原文中wife的复数写法有误，应该是wives。
3、Original：If you can get the point of communication by watching TV，will you...?
Revised：If one can learn about communicating from television，will you...?
原句的get the point of communication by watching TV表达不清，让人难以理解，应该是指“从电视上学习交际”：learn about communicating from television.
托福写作高分满分范文点评和思路解析：获得成功靠什么品质?
托福写作难点话题一览
The most important characteristic that a person can have to be successful in life
In your opinion, what is the most important characteristic (for example, honesty, intelligence, a sense of humor) that a person can have to be successful in life? Use specific reasons and examples from your experience to explain your answer. When you write your answer, you are not limited to the examples listed in the question.
写作思路展开结构分析
成功类的话题是托福独立写作中比较常见的一类话题，而围绕这类话题展开的题目也很多，比如这道题目问的就是获得成功最重要的性格特点。题目中已经给出了诚实，智慧，幽默感几个选择，但实际上大家可以说的性格特点还有很多，建议大家可以结合自己准备过的名人或是成功人士的案例素材来展开，反向从几个名人事例中共有的性格特点来进行论述。
本话题高分范文赏析
To be successful in life, one should have the characteristic of independence, that is, he/she has the ability to think critically. By critical thinking, one is capable of analyzing insightfully, concentrating on the right target, thereby making a wise decision. Thinking critically can enable one to analyze problems insightfully. We live in a world where controversial issues are often simply taken for granted. For example, most people are reluctant to think carefully about issues like whether boys and girls should take separate classes. Recently a high school in Beijing announced that their students from then on take separate classes. Many parents support such ridiculous decision without careful consideration. They are poor thinkers. Critical thinking is but to ask some simple yet essential questions, which always brings amazing sometimes appalling outcomes. Is such a scheme capable of eliminating underage sexual behaviors among adolescents? Is such a scheme guarantee boys and girls free of negative effects? Sadly, the decision had been made but the question left unanswered. Thinking critically can help one concentrate on right targets. We all have only and exactly 24 hours a day, but we often have mountainous work to do in hands, along with which many personal affairs seem equally urgent. Concentrating on right targets is probably the only way to overcome such dilemmas. For example, ETS has recently announced that GRE examination will be transformed back to paper based test. Grumbles are all around, and complains are posted almost on every BBS on the Internet. But if students think critically, however, they will find out the simple fact that even if ETS had made an awkward decision, test preparers should concentrate on the right target—preparing test as prudently as possible, and at the same time, grumbling never helps. Only by thinking critically can one make decisions wise and prudent. Sound decision making is essential to success. Decisions such as which movie theater we should go tonight are simple enough to make by tossing a coin, but decisions such as which university or which major we should choose are complicated enough so that we need careful comparisons. A comparison sheet will help a lot, simply by listing several relevant questions such as “Am I really interested in this major?” or “Are there more opportunities in the city where the university locates?” By analyzing insightfully and concentrating on the right targets, wise decisions are not hard to reach at all
托福写作重要的3个步骤
第一步：审题、确定立场、列出理由最少3分钟最多5分钟。
要避免两个极端：((只需要在草稿纸上用英文单词或汉语列出各个理由，防止遗忘))
用时太少，理由没有想清楚就开始写作，不仅造成文章逻辑结构不清，还会引起行文中频繁的修正，
欲速则不达;
用时太多，不要追求一次思考就能把每一条理由及相关例证都想出来。其实想出两条之后就可以动笔
，各个理由的例证可以写到该段时边思考边写。这一点你不必怀疑，只要你的思维还是正常的，一定能做
到。
第二步：正文写作。最少22分钟最多26分钟。
a.各段写作时注意对段落的不同部分给予不同的重视。
主题句给予最大重视，注意炼句，别说你不想写主题句，主题句可以使读者和笔者本人更清晰该段落
写什么。各段中支持性细节写作不必遵循相同的模式。有n种选择可供参考：1. 举具体事例 2. 说对方相
对缺点3. 使用数据 4. 使用假想例子 5. 使用类比、比喻、引用等修辞手段来论述。 哪一种你最容易想
出来，就用哪一种。
b.考前将文章开头、结尾、例证、让步等各种句套背熟练,并且练习和模考时把他们用熟，要象做完
型填空一样对待考场作文。别试图在考场上再现去决定比如哪种开头好，怎样结尾好。使用自己选种的套
话。
c.当被告知还有5分钟结束时，一般你已经该写到最后一条理由，或者已经在做结尾。要确保文章有
结尾段。(不排除将他和最后一条理由的末段结合在一起的可能性。)
第三步：检查。需要1-3分钟，有侧重点地检查。
1、句法：确保每句话是完整的，有谓语，且简单句只有一个谓语。
2、时态：文章绝大部分使用的是一般现在时;一般现在时第三人称要使用单数;使用过去发生的事
例时用的是过去时;
3、主谓一致
按此三步，持续练习5篇以上，可以确保时间问题。
整洁
1、TWE要求必须用铅笔写作文，你要自己准备好铅笔和橡皮。橡皮要有韧性，太硬会擦破纸，有错误
要擦干净再改;
2、第一遍写作时要求字迹不要太大也不要太小，通常一行写10-12个左右单词为宜。如果书法不好，
可以在考前练习写一下斜体的26个字母的写法。
篇2：托福写作如何避免不一致
1、主谓不一致
例. When one have money ,he can do what he want to. (人一旦有了钱，他就能想干什么就干什么。)
剖析：one是单数第三人称，因而本句的have应改为has;同理，want应改为wants。本句是典型的主谓不一致。
改为：Once one has money, he can do what he wants (to do).
2、词性不一致
“词性不一致”常表现为：介词当动词用;形容词当副词用;名词当动词用等。
例. None can negative the importance of money.
剖析：negative 系形容词，误作动词。
改为：None can deny the importance of money.
3，句子前后不一致
托福写作中的句子前后不一致是指一个句子前言不对后语，或是结构上不畅通，这也是考生常犯的毛病。
例. The fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth.
剖析：The fresh water 与逗号后的it 不连贯。It 与things 在数方面不一致。
改为：Fresh water is the most important thing in the world.
4，指代对象不一致
这里的指代对象不一致主要讲的是代词与被指代的人或物关系不清，或者先后所用的代词不一致。把这一项单独提出来是因为大家实在很青睐这一部分：
Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid. (玛丽和我姐姐很要好，因为她要她做她的伴娘。)
读完上面这一句话，读者无法明确地判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚，谁将当伴娘。如果我们把易于引起误解的代词的所指对象加以明确，意思就一目了然了。这个句子可改为：
Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid.
例. And we can also know the society by serving it yourself.
剖析：句中人称代词we 和反身代词yourself指代不一致。
改为：We can also know society by serving it ourselves.
篇3：托福写作如何避免不一致
简单说，名词化即是动词或形容词被用作名词的现象。比如动词转成名词：discovery->discovery， move->movement， refuse->refusal，又比如形容词转成名词：careless->carelessness， difficult->difficulty， intense->intensity。那么什么情况下，我们需要进行名词化呢?
A 谓语动词的宾语部分
原句：I do not know either what she meant or what he intends.
名词化：I do not know either her meaning or his intentions.
B 结合被动形式
原句：If people decide without enough persuasive information，...
名词化：If a decision is made without enough persuasive information，...
C 取代诸如从句中“the fact that”的用法
原句：The fact that I denied what he accused me of impressed the jury.
名词化：My denial of his accusations impressed the jury.
更好的名词化：a. When I denied his accusations， I impressed the jury.
b. In denying his accusations， I impressed the jury.
D 名词化部分用在there is/are的后面
原句：We demand that the government stop taxing entertainment.
名词化：There is a demand for an end to taxation on entertainment.
原句：The floods considerably eroded the land.
名词化：There was considerable erosion of the land from the floods.
然而，有些时候，在我们的思维方式中认为理所应当使用“名词化”时，老外认为是没有必要的。比如：
A 名词化部分跟在动词后面
原句(名词化“冗余”)：The police conducted an investigation into the matter.
改后：The police investigated the matter.
B 名词化部分作为主语
原句：Our discussion is concerned with a tax cut.
改后：We discussed a tax cut.
C 连续进行名词化
原句：a. First， she reviewed the evolution of the dorsal fin.
b. There was a first a review of the evolution of the dorsal fin.
改后：First， she reviewed how the dorsal fin evolved.
D 连接部分名词化
原句：Their cessation of hostilities was because of their personnel losses.
改后：They ceased hostilities because they lost personnel.
原句：The instability of the motor housing did not preclude the completion of the field trials.
改后：Even though the motor housing was unstable， the research staff completed the field trials.
新托福写作话题分类练习
1. 全球化影响
There is a disagreement on the impact of increased business and culture contact between countries on a country’s identity. What is your opinion?
2. 政府投资
People should keep all the money they earn and should not pay taxes to the state. Do you agree or disagree?
3. 科技影响
Many employees may work at home with modern technology. Some people claim that it benefits only workers, but not employers. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
4. 文化类
i. It is more important for a building to serve its purposes than to look beautiful. Architects do not need to worry about whether it is a real work of art. Do you agree or disagree?
ii. The international tourism is the biggest industry in the world. To what extent do you think its advantages far outweigh its disadvantages?
5. 生活工作
Some people think that changing jobs periodically is good. What is your opinion?
6. 传媒类
Some people suggest that there should be restrictions on a detailed description of crimes in the newspapers and on television. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
7. 广告类
There are many advertisements directed at children. Parents argue that children are misled, while advertisers consider advertising a source of useful information. What is your opinion?
8. 环境类
It is said that the best way to solve the world’s environmental problems is to increase the price of fuel. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
9. 动物类
Far too little has been done to prevent animals and plants from dying out, although people have noticed this problem for a long time. Why have people failed to improve this situation? What are your suggestions?
10. 教育类
i. Some people believe that educating children altogether will benefit them. Others think intelligent children should be taught separately and given special courses. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
ii. Today, more school leavers are unable to find jobs. Discuss the causes of rising unemployment among young adults and suggest any solutions.
托福写作的高分句型整理
第一， 定语从句。
这应该算是写作中最常用的一种句型之一。适当地运用定语从句可以给你的文章增色不少。
例如，下面的这两个句子用上定语从句马上就变成了一个漂亮的复杂句。
Bad books contain evil thoughts. In them, there might be much description about violence, superstition, and sex.
→ Bad books, in which there might be much description about violence, superstition, and sex, contain evil thoughts.
第二， 状语从句。
在写作当中运用的最多的是以下五种状语从句，即原因状语从句，让步状语从句，条件状语从句，时间状语从句和目的状语从句。
1. 原因状语从句：常由because, as, since和for引导
Eg: Nonetheless, I am still in favor of space travel, for its merits far outweigh demerits.
尽管如此，我还是赞成太空探险，因为它的好处远远大于坏处。
2. 让步状语从句：常由although, though, even though/ if, as long as和notwithstanding引导
Eg: Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.
尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。
3. 条件状语从句：常由if, on the condition that和providing that引导
Eg: If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your ambitions, you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared.
假如你要取得成就或要实现你的雄心壮志，你必须努力工作、艰苦奋斗、准备好条件。
4. 时间状语从句：常由when和while引导
Eg: When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.
说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。
5. 目的状语从句: 常由so that和in order that引导
Eg: Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.
成千上万的人们不得不花费的精力和时间学习新的技术和知识，使得他们在就业市场能保持优势。
第三， 宾语从句。
Eg: Some people claim that government should be mainly responsible for the environmental pollution.
一些人认为政府应对环境污染负主要责任。
Eg: Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.
许多专家指出这是现代社会发展必然的结果，无法避免。
第四， 同位语从句。
Eg: It is an undeniable fact that environmental pollution becomes increasingly serious.
环境污染变得越来越严重是不可否认的事实。
Eg: No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.
没有人能否认这一基本事实：对于一般工人来讲，轻松掌握这些技术是不可能的。
第五，主语从句。
Eg: What has caught our attention is /It is noticeable that the environment in both the rural and urban areas is deteriorating.
值得注意的是农村和城市的生态环境都在不断恶化。
Eg: It is universally acknowledged that environmental pollution becomes one of the most serious problems in China or even the world as a whole.
众所周知，环境污染问题是中国乃至世界面临的最为严重的问题之一。
第六，强调句: It is + 被强调的内容 + that
Eg: It is cars and factories that release a great deal of gases, polluting the environment.
汽车和工厂排放大量的废气，使得环境被污染。
第七，倒装句。
Eg: Only if the government will take some appropriate measures, will this intractable problem be tackled.
只有政府采取适当的措施，这个棘手的问题才能被解决。
第八，被动语态。
Eg: Every means should be tried to protect the environment on which people live.
人们应竭尽全力来保护我们赖以生存的环境。
第九， 分词结构：包括现在分词和过去分词。
Eg: Tourism, which is a rising industry, has become the major source of economy, playing crucial role in many Asian countries.
旅游业是一个新兴的行业，它成为经济的主要, 在很多东南亚国家起着尤为重要的作用。
Eg: To be more specific, government should stage some relevant laws or regulations to severely punish the factory producing a great number of pollutants and the people littering or spitting deliberately.
具体来说，政府应该出台相关法律法规对制造大量污染物的工厂及故意乱扔垃圾随地吐痰的人进行严惩。
第十，插入语。
一种独立成分,与句子的其它成分一般没有语法上的关系,大都是对一句话作一些附加说明或解释。它通常由一个词、一个短语或一个句子构成,位置较为灵活,可置于句首、句中或句末,一般用逗号或破折号与句子隔开。
Eg: Computer, an indispensable part in our life, has brought us great conveniences.
电脑，我们生活中必不可少的一部分，给我们带来了极大的方便。
Eg: College students, lacking social experience, are easily cheated.
大学生，没有社会经验，容易上当受骗。
托福写作的语言思维介绍
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，新东方在线托福频道为大家带来托福写作的语言思维介绍，希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。更多精彩尽请关注新东方在线托福频道!
新托福考试以机考形式而略显与众不同，不仅给考生带来完成任务的额外难度，而且使较多考生“望而却步”，因为有一部分考生都提出：相比雅思等其他考试形式而言，新托福的难度的确是大多了。但是，不论是托福亦或是雅思考试，归根结底都是考究我们考生对英语掌握和运用的能力;就拿写作项目来说，不论何种考试名称，都只是一篇英文习作而已。而大多数中国考生却只把难点关注于考试的形式或是字数时间等表面的东西上，却并未能挖掘其内在中国考生的失分点，这也是中国考生写作相对较薄弱的一个不可否认的理由。因此本文将从中国考生两大失分点：思维&语言方面来透析新托福独立写作的应考标准。
不知是否因为受习惯上“人靠衣装，马靠鞍”的说法，大多数中国考生在完成英文作文时把重心都投入到文章用词用句的“奢侈华丽”上了，以为只有用了高级复杂的句式或是长单词才能给考官传达“英文功底深厚”的信号。长此以往，慢慢被自己卷进复杂冗长的句子中去，“并列句中套有定语从句，外加一个伴随”等等不难找到，但事实上，在这个“陷阱”里，真正失利的却正是我们的考生。而相反的，如果能在英文写作时注意句子长短相结合搭配，不仅有清爽的感觉，反倒还更抑扬顿挫，令考官的批阅由“纠结”变成“享受”，如此一来，想不高分都难。
因此，建议各位考生在备考时不要忘记养成习惯，多阅读英文原版的书籍或期刊，多积累地道的语句以便考试适用。相同道理下，各位考生在备考时也不用一定勉强自己背诵那些7-8个字母或以上组成的单词，反倒可以多准备些“简单但不失得体”的词汇，如：weaken, taste, enjoy, ease等大家耳熟能详的简易词汇，分别可以适用于weaken one’s eyesight(视力下降)，taste the foreign culture(品尝外国文化)，enjoy a moderate rise(……缓慢上升)以及ease one’s burden(减轻压力)等适用频率较高的搭配上，如此一来效果更佳!
准备新托福独立写作除了注重语句词汇方面的扎实，还更应该把握好逻辑思维的递进。中国考生在写英文作文时大多是进行“翻译”，而并非是“写作”。在这种情况下，不可避免的就出现了许多中式化语言，更会融入不该出现的中式化的思维逻辑，看似十分的“跳跃，随性”但并不适合新托福写作要求的“层次，递进”。多注重自己“美式思维”的训练，尽可能地在写作时向“Native Speaker”的思维靠近。只有抓紧训练好自己的逻辑思维能力，才能更好地在新托福写作中取得25分以上的高分。而在训练过程中，大家注意“形连”和“意连”两者相结合。所谓的“形连”即全文段与段之间体现层次逻辑的连接词的合理运用;“意连”则更侧重全文思路内容及逻辑上的真正连贯，不可“行不散却神散”。新托福独立写作也考察大家对细节的把握，列出观点后如何开展更多的论证，因此各位考生在备考时一定要注重细节论证，完全可以结合进生活化的经验和例子作为论证的好帮手，而无须将每个论点过于形式化，理论化，甚至空洞化。
另外，建议各位考生在准备新托福独立写作备考时，可以尽可能详尽地罗列文章的提纲思路，将自己对题目的看法一一理清，正所谓“磨刀不误砍柴工”;相信，各位考生若能坚持并养成以上所提的几个良好习惯，那么再复杂的新托福写作我们也完全可以轻松搞定
篇4：如何避免托福写作低分
教你如何避免托福写作低分
通常，考生在对托福综合和独立写作而言，经常会遇到一个问题，就是总突破不了高分的问题。说白了就是独立写作需要考生怎么样去思考，是否需要提供观点，或者综合部分需要进行哪些思考。今天小站君就为大家好好分析一下写作上不了高分的问题和解决方案方案。首先，我们需要明确的是综合写作不需要我们表达任何自己的观点，只需要忠实重现听力与阅读的反驳关系就可以了。而独立部分，需要考生举例要详实，更要论证全面，语言表达还要地道。同时兼顾逻辑和语言上的要求，才能使独立部分有所突破。
此外，谈到综合写作部分，我们通常会觉得需要背很多很多复杂的模板以及生僻的高大上的生词。其实不是这样的，对于综合部分，我们需要加强的是听力能力。但需要明确的是这并不是说我们疯狂练习精听，能把听力的内容忠实记录下来就能帮助写作达到满分。有些同学的答题策略永远是听力的笔记能记多少记多少，写作的时候听力部分的内容能写多少写多少。这些同学认为这样就能确保自己满分，综合写作写到300字以上(综合写作考题的题干认为150-225字就可以做到“有效”回应)。其实这种往往会导致得低分，也就是我们说的言之无物。
在托福独立和综合写作部分，我们需要知道的是听力记下来的观点不能直接照搬到综合部分来。很多考生都会忽视这点，导致自己的综合部分就变成默写听力的内容，并没有让考官觉得自己是在叙说自己的看法。那些考生都会自作主张的认为综合部分就是在进一步考察听力。其实如果你们细致的读题会发现题目要求的写作是“ Summarize the lecture ”，而我们却没有总结。稍有常识的人都能明白，听写≠总结。如果我们再去OG里面看一下综合写作的5分评分标准的话，我们就会发现这样的语句——“ response at this level successfully selects the important information from the lecture……(5分的回答能够从听力材料中选取重要信息……)”。很明显，这两条信息都表明，“综合写作尽可能无差别地多写听力”不是拿到5分的写作策略。
在谈到如何把听力内容移到在作文上来，很多考生采用的写作模板形式是：“阅读认为……听力不同意这个观点……听力说……”。这种写作模板里面唯一连接听力和阅读的一句话是“听力不同意阅读的观点”。这算有效地指出“听力如何对阅读的观点进行反驳”吗?当然不是。任何写作，不论是综合写作还是独立写作还是一般的英文写作里面的一个重要的理念就是“空口无凭，展示为据(to show, not merely to say) ”。这就要求我们在“听力如何反对阅读”上面做到说清“听力认为阅读在哪里犯了什么样的错误”。很明显，这样的要求就不是一句T “ he lecturer does not agree with this point ”能够解决的了。
综上所述，如何综合和独立想要拿到满分，我们除了需要保证自己没有明显的语法错误，不要强行把听力内容直接默写到写作上来。不用偏难怪词秀自己的单词量，不写从句套从句的“长难句”，不写“通篇只有主谓宾”的流水账;能做到长短句结合，逻辑拆分简单合理，举例论证逻辑连贯，故事讲述用词生动，语言风格娓娓道来，写作就能取得很好的成绩。
托福语法技巧：名词类别与用途
英语中名词可以分为四类：
普通名词：
dog狗man男人table桌子
专有名词：
France法兰西Madrid马德里Mrs Smith史密斯夫人 Tom汤姆
抽象名词：
beauty美丽 charity慈善courage勇气 fear恐惧joy快乐
集合名词：
crowd人群flock畜群group组swarm大群team队
名词的用途有：
作动词的主语：
Tom arrived.
汤姆到了。来源：考试大
作be，become，seem等系动词的表语：
Tom is an actor.
汤姆是个演员。
作动词的宾语：
I saw Tom.
我看到了汤姆。
作介词的宾语：
I spoke to Tom.
我跟汤姆说话。
名词也可以所有格形式出现：
Tom’s books汤姆的书
托福语法技巧：名词的“性”
阳性：男人、男孩和雄性动物(代词为he/they)。
阴性：女人、女孩和雌性动物(代词为she/they)。
中性：无生命的东西，不知性别的动物，有时也指不知性别的婴儿(代词为it/they)。
例外情况：
轮船是阴性。有时对汽车或其他运载工具表示喜爱或尊重时，也认为它们是阴性。国家的名称通常也认为是阴性。
The ship struck an iceberg，which tore a huge hole in her side.
船碰在一座冰山上，船帮被撞出一个大洞。
Scotland lost many of her bravest men in two great rebellions.
在两次大起义中，苏格兰失去了许多极勇敢的男子汉。
指人的阳性/阴性名词
阴、阳性不同的形式：
(a)boy男孩 girl女孩
bachelor单身汉 spinster未婚女子
bridegroom新郎 bride新娘
father父亲 mother母亲
gentleman先生 lady女士
husband丈夫 wife妻子
man男人 woman女人
nephew侄子 niece侄女
son儿子 daughter女儿
uncle伯伯，叔叔 aunt伯母，婶婶
widower鳏夫 widow寡妇
主要的特例(即没有性的区别)有：
baby婴儿来源：考试大
child孩子
cousin堂(表)兄弟/姐妹
infant幼儿来源：考试大
parent父亲，母亲
relation亲属
relative亲戚
spouse配偶
teenager青少年
(b)duke公爵 duchess女公爵，公爵夫人
earl伯爵 countess女伯爵，伯爵夫人
king国王 queen女王，王后
lord勋爵 lady夫人
prince王子 princess公主
指职业的大多数名词的阴、阳性形式相同：
artist艺术家
assistant助理/店员
cook厨师
dancer舞蹈演员
driver司机
doctor医生
guide向导
托福语法技巧：名词的“性”(2)
主要的特例有：
actor男演员 actress女演员
conductor(公交车辆)男售票员 conductress(公交车辆)女售票员
heir后嗣，继承人 heiress嗣女，女继承人
hero男英雄，男主人公 heroine女英雄，女主人公
host男主人 hostess女主人
manager男经理 manageress女经理
stewad男乘务员 stewardess女乘务员
waiter男侍者 waitress女侍者
也可以说salesman(售货员)，saleswoman(女售货员)等。但有时用-person来代替-man与-woman：
salesperson(男/女)售货员
spokesperson(男/女)发言人
C 家禽、家畜和许多较大的野禽、野兽由不同的词来表示它们的性别：
bull公牛 cow母牛
cock公鸡 hen母鸡
dog公狗 bitch母狗
duck公鸭 drake母鸭
gander公鹅 goose母鹅
lion雄狮 lioness母狮
ram公羊 ewe母羊
stag牡鹿 doe 牝鹿
stallion公马，种马 mare母马
tiger公老虎 tigress母老虎
其他禽兽的名称公、母形式相同
篇5：托福口语如何避免中式英语味
托福口语如何避免中式英语味?3个小技巧给人地道感觉
托福口语体现地道英语细节介绍：表转折用Though替代But
我们在练习托福口语的时候，遇到转折，我们习惯性的选择but，难免有些千篇 一律，给大家点建议，当你想表达转折语气的时候不妨忍一下，在句子后面加个though，你要表达的立马瞬间就不一样了!
举个例子：
Our team lost. It was a good game, though.
Middle-aged people like to cook at home, young adults are a bitdifferent, though.
这种用法是我们考试时候用的比较少，却非常地道的一种用法。是不是比通篇的but!but!but!要好很多呢?假如能运用在托福口语考试中，这绝对是一个加分项!
托福口语体现地道英语细节介绍：用Tend to代替Most of
当你想说most of…的时候，不妨改口成tend to，这样一来，是不是会显示你的词汇量比较多呢?
举个例子：
Most Chinese people cook at home instead of dining out. 就可以说成Chinese people tend to cook at home instead of dining out.
Tend to能代替被大家overuse的most of…/themajority of…效果绝对是杠杠的!
托福口语体现地道英语细节介绍：减少Very的使用次数
在托福口语答案里面，要有意识的尽可能抛弃very，一种方法是用pretty替代，另一种就直接用个更高级的形容词。
举个例子：
That performance was pretty impressive.
I’m pretty sure about that.
还有instead of saying “very angry”， you can use the word “furious”。
同理，如果我们想表达a little + adj.，也可以找到相应的更传神的形容词，例如：tipsy = a little drunk，考生们在用词上尽量准确，减少对very和little的使用次数。
托福考试口语真题回忆
6月25日托福口语考题回忆
Task 1
If you are going to have an interview with a famous people in your community, which of the following people will you choose? Give detailed information to support your answer and explain why.
Task 2
Which one do you agree? Children born with talent should be treated in a different way or they should be treated in the same way as average children.
Task 3
阅读
标题：A letter suggests that university should not allow students to sleep on the couches in the library.
原因1：They will occupy the space where other students need to study.
原因2：Visitors sometimes come to the campus and make campus tours. If they see this they will think this university is not very serious.
听力
人物：Man
态度：Disagree
原因1： Students can always find place to study, they can sit on the chairs and chairs are as comfortable as couches.
原因2：When visitors come. If they see this they will think those students are really hard with their work and they are just so tired and they have a short break on the couches.
Task 4
阅读
标题：Ambient advertising
定义：Ambient advertising refers to an advertising strategy which using creative and unexpected ways to advertise the products.
听力
例子：A snack bar make a deal with the train company and post the advertisement on the train, so compared with ads on books and magazines, people are more likely to see these ads and they may come to the snack bar to have something to eat. Snack shop in the train station also prints ads on the train tickets, in this way more customers will come to the shop.
Task 5
问题：The girl is going to give a gift to her advisor who helped her a lot within her study. But she doesn't know what gift to choose.
解决方案1：She can but some coffee tickets.
缺点1：She would like to send something special to her advisor. But the coffee tickets are not special.
解决方案2：She is going to buy a book which her advisor is interested in.
缺点2: But the book is sold online and its price is about $50, so it is too expensive.
Task 6
话题： Two effects of temperature regulation of plants
要点1：Help plants survive in cold weather.
例子1：A kind of plants keep their flowers and leaves warm in early spring, when the weather is still cold, and its warm temperature can melt the snow.
要点2: Help plants reproduce.
例子2: Another plants keep themselves warm to attract insects which help carry pollen. When it is cold, insects will have a rest on these flowers, and in this way the plants are then pollinated.
托福独立口语预测
S1 Among study, exercise and go shopping, which one would you like to doalone? Explain why.
S1 Which of the following three do you think is the most important for agreat working environment, friendly coworkers, flexible hours or a helpfulboss? Please explain with details.
评析：托福口语的独立任务题中，三选一是近几年比较常见的问题形式。这类题目在答题时，应注意选择有理由可说的一个，理由应当简单易懂接地气，便于补充细节和例子。
S1 Some schools require students to finish a reading list during schoolbreaks. Talk about the advantages and disadvantages of this requirement. .
S1 What should parents do to help their children to succeed in school?
S2 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: all studentsshould attend social activities such as joining a club or a sports team atschool.
评析：无论第一还是第二题都应关注学生生活及教育类话题。
S2 Which one do you prefer: doing exercise everyday or only when you arefree?
S2 Do you prefer to work at home or in an office?
评析：考生还应适当练习生活休闲类话题，其中很多素材是可以通用的，比如使人放松、有益健康、扩大社交圈等等。
福独立口语预测
1. What do you think we should do to reduce the use of cars or other vehicles in order solve the traffic problems? Please include specific examples and details in your explanation.
2. Talk about the steps you go through when learning a new thing. Please include specific examples and details in your explanation.
3. More and more people nowadays care about their health. Which of the following do you think is the best way for you to maintain your health—exercising on a regular basis, eating healthy, or getting enough sleep? Please include reasons and examples to support your choice.
4. Some trains now have quiet cars where passengers are not allowed to speak loudly or use cell phones, laptops, or other mobile devices that create noise. Do you think this is a good idea? Explain why or why not.
5. Which one of the following activities would like to take the kids on for a field?science museum，farm，theater performance.
6. Talk about an activity that you would prefer to engage in with your friends rather than by yourself. Explain why. Please include details and examples in your explanation.
7. If your university plans to improve the life of students by one of the following methods, which do you prefer?
1) build a new cafeteria;
2) build a new indoor swimming pool;
3) make improvements in dormitories
8. Imagine that you have to give up watching TV/use the cellphone for one month. What would be the most difficult thing for you and why? Please include reasons and examples in your explanation.
9. Which of the following careers have the most contribution to the society: an elementary school teacher, an artist, or a nurse?Please include specific examples and details in your explanation.
10. Some countries now take measures to attract a large amount of foreign tourists. Discuss the advantage and disadvantage of attracting a large amount of foreign tourists. Please include details and examples in your explanation.
篇6：托福口语如何避免中式英语味
S1 Among study, exercise and go shopping, which one would you like to doalone? Explain why.
S1 Which of the following three do you think is the most important for agreat working environment, friendly coworkers, flexible hours or a helpfulboss? Please explain with details.
评析：托福口语的独立任务题中，三选一是近几年比较常见的'问题形式。这类题目在答题时，应注意选择有理由可说的一个，理由应当简单易懂接地气，便于补充细节和例子。
S1 Some schools require students to finish a reading list during schoolbreaks. Talk about the advantages and disadvantages of this requirement. .
S1 What should parents do to help their children to succeed in school?
S2 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: all studentsshould attend social activities such as joining a club or a sports team atschool.
评析：无论第一还是第二题都应关注学生生活及教育类话题。
S2 Which one do you prefer: doing exercise everyday or only when you arefree?
S2 Do you prefer to work at home or in an office?
评析：考生还应适当练习生活休闲类话题，其中很多素材是可以通用的，比如使人放松、有益健康、扩大社交圈等等。
文档为doc格式
