这里小编给大家分享一些「初中语法」英语语法学习的技巧,本文共6篇,方便大家学习。

篇1:「初中语法」英语语法学习的技巧
「初中语法」英语语法学习的技巧
对于学生来说,英语最难学的就是语法知识。英语语法条目繁多,难记.而且枯燥无味。学生说,记了那么多的语法条目,很容易混淆,两且不会用。这怎么办? 这好办。学语法,找规律,做个有心人;变复杂为简单,巧记固定搭配。下面就部分语法知识进行归纳:一、非谓语动词
“非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词。它在句子中的作用很多:除了不作谓语外,它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语)。有些及物动词后面接不带to的不定式作复合宾语。这些动词归纳如下:一感(feel).二听(hear,listen to),三让(have,1et, make),四看(see,watch,notice,observe)。再加上help somebody(to)do something和美国英语look at somebody do something。还有“二让”属特殊:get somebody to do something 与keep somebody doing。而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语。这些动词归纳为一句话:Papa C makes friends。这是由如下动词的开头字母组成:permit,advise,practise,avoid, consider, mind, allow, keep, enjoy, suggest, finish,risk,imagine, escape, need,delay,stand(忍受)。 为了容易记住,也可以编成顺口溜:“允许完成练习,建议避免冒险,考虑延期逃跑,喜欢保持想象,需要反对忍受”。其相对应的动词依次是:permit/allow, finish, practise;
advise/suggest, avoid,risk: consider, delay, escape/miss; enjoy/appreciate, keep, imagine; need/want/require, mind. can't help/can’t stand。
二、复合句
1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别。
例如:A、The news that our team has won the match is true. (同位语从句)
B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here. (定语从句)
关键的区别在于连接或关系代词that:有意义的'是定语, 无意义的是同位。因为引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语或宾语,而引导同位语从句的that只起到连接词的作用。
2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词that与 which:that之前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)最高级:which之前是介词短语与逗号(非限制性)。
例如:A、All that we have to do is to practise every day.
B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
C、I have lost my pen,which I like very much.
D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home.
三、It的用法
1、It除了代替人和物以外,还可以作形式主语。而真正的主语(不定式、动名词或从句)则放于谓语或表语之后。
例如:It is nor easy to finish the work in two days.
然而有少数表语之后接动名词作真正的主语。这些表语是:无助(no help)、无用(no use)、没好处(no good);工作(hard work)、费时(a waste of time)、又危险(a danger)。
例如:A、It is no use crying over spilt milk.
B、It is a waste of time waiting for him.
2、It还可以作形式宾语。通常下列动词后面可接it作形式宾语:2f2tcjm(find,feel, think, take, consider,judge, make)。
例如:A、He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.
B、I think it no use arguing with him.
3、It用于强调句式。要强调句子的某一部分(主语、宾语、状语),可以把it当作先行词。这种句子的结构是:It is(was)+ 被强调部分+that(who)+句子的其余部分。
例如:A、It is Professor Lin who teaches us English―(强调主语)
B、It was in Shanghai that l saw the film.―(强调状语)
C、It was in 1990 that I worked in the factory.(同上)
但要注意与定语从句的区别。
例如:D、It was 1990 when I worked in the factory.(定语从句)
在强调句式里,我们把强调结构It is(was)…that除去,句子还很完整。如例句C。而例句D就不能。
四、倒装结构
学生容易混淆的是全部倒装与部分倒装。如何区分之,编个顺口溜:副(adv.)介(prep.) 提前全倒装,其它句式部分倒;否定提前倒助动,让步状语倒表语;复合句式倒主句,不
倒装的属特殊。下面举例说明:
A、Here comes the bus.(副词提前,全倒装)
B、Here he comes.(代词作主语,不倒装)
C、In front of the house lies a garden.(介词短语提前,全倒装)
D、Never shall I do this again.(否定词提前,部分倒装)
E、Young as he is ,he knows a lot.(让步状语从句,表语倒装)
F、Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.(only 修饰状语,主句倒装)
G、Only he can save the patient.(only修饰主语.不倒装)
H、Not only will help be given to people, but also medical treatment will be provided.(否定词提前,部分倒装)
I、Not only he but also we like sports.(连接两个主语,不倒装)
五、虚拟语气
虚拟语气也是一个难点。所谓虚拟语气是表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。它通过句子的谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。现归纳如下:纯假设,用虚拟,动词时态退一级:条件句,分主从,主句谓语前加would (should, could,might);表愿望,用虚拟,wish后面接宾语(从句):现在过去与将来,动词时态退一级:提建议,用虚拟,宾语(从句)动词用(should)do:俩建议,三要求,再加坚持与命令(suggest, advise, demand, require, request, insist, order):It is time和would rather,后接丛句用虚拟:部分主语从句中, 谓语用虚拟结构 (It is necessary /important/natural/natural/strange/strange that……should do)。 下面举例说明:
A、If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. (条件句虚拟)
B、Without air, there would be no living things.(同上)
C、We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示愿望虚拟)
D、He demanded that we (should)start right away.(表示建议虚拟)
E、It is(high)time that we left (should leave)now.(特殊从句虚拟)
F、I would rather you gave me the book.(同上)
G、It is necessary that we should clean the room everyday,(主语从句虚拟)
H、He speaks English so fluently as if he were English. (特殊从句虚拟)
总之,语法是从语言实践中总结出来的规则,要边学边寻找规律,以提高学习效率。在学习中不能只记一些语法规则,要进行实践练习。通过练习,可以发现和纠正错误,而且有利于巩固所学知识。
篇2:初中英语语法学习技巧
技巧
1、顺口溜法
用中文把分散的语法现象编成顺口溜、歌谣等。如,不规则形容词和副词的比较级和最高级,如果分散记忆,很难记全记牢,可以这样处理:
第一步:分类汇总。把几个不规则的词按规律汇总:
good/well-better-best;bad(ill)/badly-worse-worst;many/much-more-most;few-fewer-fewest,little-less-least;old-older(elder)-oldest(eldest);far-farther(further)-farthest(furthest)
第二步:找规律。good和well,一对形容词和副词,比较级和最高级是一样的,它们的反义词bad,badly比较级和最高级也是一样的;many和much,意思一样,一个修饰可数名词,一个修饰不可数名词,但它们的比较级和最高级是一样的,它们的反义词分别是few和little,它们的比较级和最高级不一样,一个规则另一个不规则,为什么把规则的few也放在一起呢?主要是为了对比记忆。至于old和far,分别有两个形似意不同的比较级和最高级。
第三步:创新总结。用中文编个简单的顺口溜把这些不规则形容词和副词“一网打尽”:好好坏坏,多多少少,老远老远。详见下:
good-better-best好well-better-best好
bad-worse-worst坏badly-worse-worst坏
many-more-most多much-more-most多
few-fewer-fewest少little-less-least少
old-older-oldest老old-elder-eldest老
far-farther-farthest远far-further-furthest远
2、母语迁移法
进行英、汉语言对比分析迁移,是学语法的有效方法。如,形容词修饰名词这个概念,就可以这样表述:“美女”,“帅哥”这两个大家最爱听的词就是形容词修饰名词,英语也一样beautiful girls,handsome boys,副词修饰动词这个概念呢,“跑得快,跳得高run fast,jump high”结构也一样,动词在前副词在后。
3、佳句格言法
正所谓:“语法语法,熟悉句型就得法”,“一个句子学一个语法”。如,以下每个佳句或者谚语格言都包含一个或几个语法结构:The more,the better.(比较级),He who knows most speaks least.(定语从句,最高级)。Do in Rome as the Romans do.(状语从句)。Once bitten,twice shy(非谓语动词)。It's not the beard that makes the philosopher(强调句)。
4、思维借鉴法
英语中有大量的同义词比较,利用数学符号和表述可节约大量记忆细胞。如each,every表“每一个”作定语时的区别,就可以用这样的'符号表示:each≥2,every≥3.both,all的区别both=2,all≥3;neither,none的区别neither=2,none≥3.
数学语言表述法:news不可数名词,paper不可数名词,负负得正newspaper可数名词。
5、对比学习法
Go for it教材的词汇量大,记忆单词的同时还要辨析应用同义词。此类题型除单选题中常出现,写作时也免不了要用。这些同义词在语言表达方法和使用场合上不尽相同。如hard和hardly是考点,大家只要记住一句话就可以辨别两词:
I hardly believe that it rains so hard.
我无法相信雨会下得这么大
其他仿句:
There are many differences between different people.
不同的人有不同的差别。
We are interested in the interesting movie.
我们对这部有趣的电影很感兴趣。
篇3:英语语法学习技巧
兴趣是学习语法的前提。
兴趣是做任何事情的前提,只要有了兴趣,任何事情都能做好,如背单词一样,语法也是具有一定趣味性的。关键在于我们如何发现其中的乐趣。作为家长老师也要善于开发学生们在这方面的兴趣爱好,一旦使学生找到了其中的乐趣,学习起语法来也就驾轻就熟了。比如虚拟语气就是语法中的难点,但是它很容易激发学生们的想象力,像“if Iwere a bird------“这些句子都容易在学生们的脑海里产生很强的画面感,使之学习起来更加轻松愉快!
理解是学习语法的基础。
学习语法一定要真正理解,不要死记硬背。比如很多老师在教学生时,会特别强调现在分词和动名词在句子中的不同成分。分词可以作定语、状语、补语、表语;动名词可作定语、主语、宾语、表语。这样很容易使学生混淆。其实分词就相当于形容词。形容词能充当的成分,分词基本都能充当;动名词就相当于名词,名词能充当的成分动名词基本都能充当。这样也便于理解为什么动名词能充当主语和宾语,而分词则不能。理解语法并不是要对语法规则刨根究底,而是要联系实际情况来体会句子想要表达的意思。
归纳是学习语法的保障
学生要养成归纳的习惯.这也是学习任何知识的重要方法。它更能够提高学生学习的主动性。而不是被动等待老师的总结,然后记在本子上,那样和死记硬背就没有任何区别了。
好的老师,教给学生们的不仅是学习的知识,而是在学习知识的过程中的学习方法。因此,归纳对于英语语法学习很重要。比如,应该教会学生们在做试题的过程中标记知识的难点和经常出现的问题,并对同一类问题进行归纳总结。得到的解答,对于今后的学习,举一反三,触类旁通的能力必将得到很好的训练。
篇4:初中英语语法学习
数词分为基数词和序数词两种。下面就是为同学们带来的对数词的详细讲解,供同学们学习的参考。
知识点总结
数词分为基数词和序数词两种;
(一)基数词在英语中表示数目的词称为基数词。
1.基数词的构成
(1)1-20 one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,
sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty
(2)21-99 先说“几十”,再说“几”,中间加连字符。
23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,
(3)101—999先说“几百”,再加and,再加末两位数或末位数;
586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three
(4)l,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个“,”,第一个“,”前为thousand.第二个“,”前为million,第三个“,”前为billion,然后一节一节地表示。
9,785→nine thousand, seven hundred and eighty-five
6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine
750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty, billion
2.基数词的用法
(1)表示数量
Eg. 一 How many books would you like?
一I would like two.
(2)表示号码
eg.My phone number is 6887789.
(3)表示时间
eg.I watch CCTV News at seven o’clock every evening.
(4)表示“…十”的数词的复数可以表示人的岁数或年代。
eg. He is in his early thirties.他有三十来岁(31—34岁):
This took place in the 1930s.这事发生在二十世纪三十年代;
(5)表具体数字时,hundred,thousand,million用单数。
eg. There are six hundred students in our grade.
(6)表不确定的数字时,数词用复数。若带名词,再加of ,hundreds of(数百,成百上千 的),thousands of(数干,成千上万的),millions of(数百万)
eg 。 Hundreds of old people died of cold last winter.
(二)序数词在英语中表示顺序、次序的词称为序数词。
1.序数词的构成
(1)一般在基数词后加th, eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth,多位数把个位变序数词。
基数词变为序数词的规则(口诀):
基变序,有规律,词尾加上 th;一、二、三特殊记,结尾t、d、d。
八减t,九减e,f要把ve替。ty把y改为i,记得th前有个e。
2.序数词的用法
(1.)the+序数词,表示“第几”
John lives on the fifteenth floor
(2).aan+序数词,表达“再一,又一”
eg.We'll have to do it a second time.
(3)年月日的表达
年用基数词表示,日用序数词表示
(4)分数的表达
分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子大于1,分母加-s。
(5)序数词也可以用作副词,
When did you first see him?
(6)基数词也能表示顺序,如书刊的页的.数目,住所、房间、教室、电话号码等等。
Page Eight, Room 304,Class Seven,
(7).倍数表示法
主语+谓语+倍数(或分数)+ as + adj. + as I have three times as many as you.
我有你三倍那么多。
(8)在…世纪:
in the twenty-first century
常见考法
对于数词的考查,通常是以单项选择、词语运用或听力形式考查学生在具体语言环境中灵活运用数词的能力。
误区提醒
1.在具体语境中正确使用序数词,并能正确书写序数词。
2.在听力中听辨数字和号码,要速记且准确。
3. hundreds of,thousands of,millions of表示约数时的用法。
典型例题1:In _____,Mr.Li began to learn English.
A.his 1990 B. the 1990s C the 1990 D a 1990
解析:从题意中可判断出要表达时间,如果是1990年,那么直接就是in 1990就可以了, C和D排除掉,人是不可能有1990岁的,排除A,B表达的是“十八世纪 九十年代”。
答案:B
典型例题2: September is _________(九) month of the year.
解析:这是一道填空题,考查序数词的拼写。序数词前加the, 故用the ninth.
上面对数词的讲解,希望同学们要好好的加油,有不懂的可以参考例句进行学习。
篇5:初中英语语法学习
关于英语中及物动词与不及物动词的知识学习,我们做下面的内容讲解。
及物动词与不及物动词
根据其后是否带宾语,动词可分为及物动词(带宾语)和不及物动词(不带宾语)。如:
When will he arrive? 他什么时候到?(arrive 不带宾语,为不及物动词)
He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。(reach 带了宾语,为及物动词)
有的动词既可用作及物动词也可用作不及物动词:
The child is playing. 这小孩在玩。(不及物用法)
The child is playing the piano. 这小孩在弹钢琴。(及物用法)
He is writing. 他在写字。(不及物用法)
He is writing a letter. 他在写信。(及物用法)
The boy is reading. 这男孩在阅读。 (不及物用法)
The boy is reading a magazine. 这男孩在看杂志。(及物用法)
上面对及物动词与不及物动词知识的内容讲解学习,希望给同学们的学习很好的帮助,相信同学们会学习的更好的吧。
初中英语语法大全:实义动词与非实义动词
下面是对英语中实义动词与非实义动词知识的内容讲解,希望同学们很好的掌握。
实义动词与非实义动词
根据其含义和句子功用,动词可分为实义动词和非实义动词(包括时态助动词和情态助动词等)。如:
He bought a story book. 他买了一本故事书。(buy 为实义动词)
He has read the story book. 他已读过这本故事书。(has 为时态助动词,read为实意动词)
He should read the story book. 他应该读读这本故事书。(should 为情态助动词,red为实义动词)
上面对实义动词与非实义动词知识的内容讲解学习,相信同学们已经能很好的掌握了吧,希望同学们考试成功。
篇6:英语语法:名词语法
一、名词主要考点:
1.特殊名词的单复数
2.与名词相关的主谓一致关系
二、关于特殊名词的具体考点如下:
1.容易误用为复数的不可数名词:(这些名词一般不能用作复数,谓语动词用单数)
advice 建议,忠告 living 生活,生计
equipment 装备,设备 progress 前进,发展
furniture 家具,设备 scenery 风景,景色
information 通知;信息 machinery 机器,机械
knowledge 知识,学问 traffic 交通流量
baggage / luggage 行李,皮箱 trouble 烦恼,麻烦
cash 现金 thunder 雷声,轰隆声
apparatus 仪器 weather 天气,处境
clothing 衣服 work 工作,劳动
paper 纸,钞票 luck 运气,幸运
technology 工艺,技术 jewelry 珠宝
2. 复数形式的名词用于单数概念,其谓语动词用单数。(这些名词一般为表示学科或疾病的名词)
economics 经济学 measles 麻疹
physics 物理学 mumps 腮腺炎
mathematics 数学 rickets 软骨病,佝偻病
dynamics 动力学 news 新闻
the united states 美国 the new york times 纽约时报
三、主谓一致关系
英语中,主语和谓语在数、性和格上应该保持一致,但在实际应用中很容易被忽视,尤其是主语和谓语之间出现插入语,故考试中经常考到主谓一致。除了以上特殊名词谓语有特殊要求外,现将主谓一致的考点归纳如下:
1. 复数原则:两个或者两个以上的名词由and连接作主语时;主语由both … and … 连接时,谓语动词用复数。
baseball and swimming are usually summer sports.
both bread and butter are sold in that grocery. 那个杂货店既卖面包,也卖黄油。
2. 就近原则: 由 either … or … ; neither … nor …; not only…but also…; …or …; there be …等引导的主语, 谓语动词的单复数取决于最靠近动词的名词的单复数。
not only the students but also their teacher is invited to attend the party.
3. 就远原则:主语,+ as well as +另一个主语,谓语动词的单复数取决于第一个主语的名词的单复数。
my mother, as well as my two brothers, has a key to the office.
我母亲,还有我的两个哥哥都有一把办公室的钥匙。
同例:with…; together with…; along with…; including…; in addition to…; besides …; except…; as much as…; accompanied by …; rather than…等等
4. 表示时间、距离、价值、量度的复数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。
one hundred dollars is a large sum for the poor .
twenty days have passed since i met her last time.
自从我上次见到她到现在已经过去二十天。 ( twenty days 这里不作整体看待, 故谓语动词用复数。)
5. and连接两个名词表示一个概念做主语时,谓语用单数; 若表示的是多个不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数。
war and peace is a constant theme in literature.
战争与和平是文学中永恒的主题。(war and peace是一对概念,看作一个主题)
同例: ham and eggs n.火腿蛋 steam and bread
law and order bread and butter
apple pie and ice cream folk and knife
wheel and axle 轮轴 needle and thread
love and hate egg and rice 蛋炒饭
the writer and translator is delivering a speech in our university tonight. (指同一个人)
the writer and the translator are delivering a speech in our university tonight. (指两个人)
a black and a white dog are playing in the yard. (指两只狗)
a black and white dog is playing in the yard. ( 指一只狗)
6.动词不定式、动名词、名词性从句做主语时+单数谓语
early to bed and early to rise makes one healthy, wealthy and wise.
( 指“早睡早起”一件事)
to work hard is necessary
what i said and did is of no concern to you.
reading three classical novels and making some social investigations are assignments for the students during the holiday. ( 注意: 指不同性质的两件事,谓语用复数 )
7. many a, more than one + 单数可数名词,尽管表示复数意义, 谓语仍用单数。
many a student has made such a mistake.
more than one stranger agrees with me.
[注意]
在“more + 复数名词 + than one”结构作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
more persons than one have been involved. 卷入其中的远不止一人。
8. 由 every …and every …; each … and each…; no … and no…; many a …and many a … 等连接的并列主语,谓语动词用单数。
every man and every woman working here is getting along well with me.
no difficulty and no hardship has discouraged him.
9. 由 all of, most of, half of , a lot of, part of 等加名词构成的主语,谓语动词的数取决于该名词的单复数。
all of us are going to see the game.
all of his time was spent on gambling
three-fourths of the people are illiterate.
同例: plenty of…, one fourth of…, none of…, some of …, majority of …, … percent of …, the rest of …, reminder of …。
10. a number of ( a total of , an average of ) +复数名词,谓语动词用复数。
the number of ( the total of, the average of ) + 复数名词, 谓语动词用单数。
a total of ten thousand dollars were donated last month.
the total of dollars donated last month was 100,000 dollars.
同例: a / the variety of;a / the group of
11. 定语从句的谓语动词注意与先行词保持一致,但注意the only one of… 的用法。
one of those men likes to drive fast.
one of those men who like to drive fast is her son.
he is the only one of those men who likes to drive fast.
12. 由some,any, no,every 构成的复合词如somebody, nothing, nobody, anything, everybody等代词作主语,谓语动词用单数;由each, every one, no one, either, neither, another, the other作主语时,谓语动词用单数;由either, neither, each, every修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:
more than one example is necessary to make the students understand this rule clearly.
neither is satisfactory.
is either of the singers reading now?
13. the + adj / v-ed 表示一类人时, 用复数谓语动词; 表示抽象概念时, 谓语动词用单数。
the sick have been cured and the lost have been found.
病人得到了医治,失踪的也找回来了。
同例: the poor / dumb / innocent / guilty / unemployed / aged / oppressed / exploited…
we can do the difficult first. the impossible takes a little longer.
我们先从难题开始,不会的可能花的时间长一些。
the best is yet to come. 好戏还在后头。
14. a pair of + 由两部分物体构成的名词(如:shoes, scissors, glasses, jeans, pants, trousers)作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
my new pair of pants is being altered. 我的一条短裤正在修改。
15. 当主语被one ( a ) and a half 修饰时,谓语动词用数。
one and a half apples is left on the plate.
16. 当主语由 a series of…, a portion of …, a species of …, a kind of …, a sequence of …, a chain of…, a piece of … 加名词(单数或复数)构成时, 谓语用单数。
a series of lectures on psychology is said to be given by mr. li.
a large portion of her poems was published after her death.
(张能彦 著名的英语辅导专家,复旦版2005年《mba联考300分奇迹英语分册》主编)
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