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gre考试写作建议你需要了解

时间:2023-05-27 08:25:48 写作 收藏本文 下载本文

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gre考试写作建议你需要了解

篇1:gre考试写作建议你需要了解

gre考试写作建议你需要了解

gre写作建议介绍

首先,给出了gre写作考试题库。经过前辈几年的总结,计算机考试本身已经没有悬念。高频、模版、示例、范文、大量资料充斥着互联网,并被专业人士和机构汇总印刷。考生考试前只需花两三个月的时间练习,申请的分数一点都不成问题。对一个有良好基础的人来说,一两个月就足够了。但问题也随之而来。每个人都使用相同的参考资料,写作水平也一样。看来考官分不清好坏,只能给出最安全的分数。

其次,由于即兴创作的倾向,虽然语言逐渐向标准的书面英语靠拢,但仍缺乏时间的沉淀,无法一步到位地达到GRE写作本身的特点。就像形状但不是精神。

最后,可以说,大部分作品还处于临摹阶段,而不是独立创作阶段。因为有现成的模板和例子,在范文的指导下,gre写作方法,gre写作怎么练模仿写作的结构和观点。所以它经常导致一篇作文看起来像那样,但事实上,它没有意义。对题目的意义和作文的目的缺乏透彻的理解。

综上所述,有几个原因导致大多数考前付出了无数汗水和努力的考生最终未能达到这个邪恶的理想分数。为了解决这个问题,这里有一些建议,

gre考试词汇。很多人在写作前都在问是否需要背诵红皮书上的单词。答案是否定的,《红宝书》中的单词是为笔试的中文部分而收集整理的,与作文没有多大关系。作文的高级水平还是那些。当机器或考官看到它时,他或她会立即把它锁上。如果他或她知道如何写议论文,他或她将依赖他们。此外,一些常用动词和名词的同义词应分成若干组记忆。英语修辞不是华丽的,而是多变的。句型应该是可变的,表达相同意思的词也应该是可变的。原来英语单调,重复是禁忌。

GRE模板。如何使用模板不是使用模板,而是合理使用模板。因为对初学者来说,一目了然是件好事。什么是结构?模板是结构。模板是骨架,支撑,但不是灵魂。当然,灵魂部分是文章的主要目的,靠自己不懈的写作,不断的研究去探索和发现。不要依赖模板。没有灵魂的骷髅得不到高分。

练习。实践必须从头到尾进行。从量变到质变的突破还需要时间。

在考试中。考前的模型测试是为了让大家抓紧时间,更好地进一步检查缺失,弥补缺失。在考场里,面对危险,我们不应感到困惑。不管出现什么样的问题,我们相信我们以前见过他们,没有他们的家人,我们无法改变。当然,我们在实践中需要不断提高自己的知识基础。

GRE写作低分文章中有什么常见的逻辑问题

一、逻辑问题:

大体上来说,同学们的逻辑问题是最多的。逻辑问题有三种,通篇逻辑,段落之间,段落之中。

其实这可能和我们高中初中的英语教育有关系,大家都很喜欢一条一条摆原因。Firstly, secondly...然后后面至于这个ly后面是什么就不管了,一顿胡扯。也不管这段落与段落之间的衔接是否自然,反正都有什么ly给打头阵。

事实上,中西方的思维总是存在差异,很多时候看管老师们都不懂考生在说什么。考官很困惑,这个例子和这个有关系吗?为什么前面在说A,后面突然B了?

二、整体观念:

和结论什么关系?要记住一点,GRE作文文章是一个整体,你的开篇结尾和中部内容都是应该有关联的。也就是说,在开头提到的,文中应该有展开,同时在结尾有总结。中文里不也要求行文流畅么,这至少得要求逻辑是通顺的。

三、能力要求:

很多同学都很喜欢写中立观点“A不错,但不够好”,这虽然看起来很客观,但实际上这种GRE作文对逻辑的要求非常高,要怎样去组织语言,组织相应的论据论点,非常考验人。

有同学想说A事件要瑕疵互见,但是写着写着就乱七八糟,东一块西一块,不知道在讲点什么了。更有厉害的索性冗长的来词,讲了个空话。所以建议刚上手的同学,还是选择一边倒,站定脚跟不放松。即便是真的要写中立观点,实际上也都在A和B之间有所偏好。

四、内容空洞:

此外,现在很多人会要求练writing的时候先写提纲。于是同学们们就只写一个观点,然后后面的例子乱用,或者根本没有弄清楚什么是例子。事实上,这种展开,可以是实例,也可以是虚拟的假设。实例中往往分自己的经验和他人的经验。那么怎样的例子有说服力呢?

一般来说是:名人名事(知名度大)>众人众事(样本大)>自己经历(体会深)>他人经历。假设往往不够有说服力,因为很难涉及到每一个变量。但是假设在有的时候可以行得通,就是在很难说清楚步骤和因果关系的时候,用一个假设场景来推导会让文章变得浅显易懂。

所以建议,在刚开始上手写GRE作文的时候,先不要给自己30分钟的压力,先列出提纲(10分钟),再用30分钟去写,看能写多少。

五、GRE写作选材准确:

记住你的举例一定要死死扣住你的GRE作文观点,不要是和观点打擦边球的。

例子一定要从论点出发,再回到论点。不要将你的论点发散,后果很可能就是越写越跑题。所以每次写好一篇文章,都看看,论据里的key words是不是和论点里的key words一样,论点里的key words又是不是和题目里的key words一样。你的key words 可以比大题里的key words更加narrow,但是千万不要更加广泛。

不要沉迷于GRE高频作文不能自拔

为实现自己的留学之梦,无数学生默默地在GRE考试中付出自己辛勤的汗水。所有GRE高分故事背后都有值得我们学习的GRE备考经验。相信这样的一个个GRE高分故事能够在你备考GRE考试的过程中送上一丝鼓励与指导。

每天总会有很多人问我关于“GRE高频作文题”的问题,其中包括“高频”该如何使用,“高频”的题号和官方的题号对不上怎么办诸如此类的问题。在此,我就GRE作文高频试题的问题,也来谈谈我的看法。

很多同学在备考GRE作文的时候,之所以对“高频”情有独钟,实际上思想根源还是希望能减少工作量,说得通俗一点,也就是还是抱有“投机取巧”的心理。这些同学的想法往往是:GRE官方的题库给出的200多道题太多了,看高频可以减低我的工作量(也就是不需要把200多道题目都看完),如果在考试的时候遇到高频题目,而我正好写过的话,那么分数就是有保证的。或者,至少比写一篇完全没有看过的文章要强。如果我们把这些同学的看法当做一个论证的过程来找找其中的逻辑问题的话,大家就能明白为什么我说“高频只是个传说了”。

在这个论证过程中,同学首先假设了一个前提,就是“写一篇已经写过的文章得到高分的可能性大于写一篇没有写过的文章”。可是,我们考虑一下,如果本身这篇文章从一开始按照这个同学的分析思路,包括写作的语言就存在巨大问题的话,那么,即使是考试的时候照着抄一遍,分数也仍然会是很低的。因此,只有当你的写作思路正确,分析过程正确,语言表达正确这几个条件都满足的时候,对于题目的熟练程度,或者是否写过某个题目的作文,才会影响到最后的分数。当然,我们还同时忽略了考场上的临场状态的变化问题。而反之,如果一个考生有正确的分析思路和写作思路,有比较好的语言表达能力,那其实考试的时候是否写过某个题目就变得不重要了,因为最终他的能力会很好地解决题目熟悉程度的问题。比如我们所熟悉的高考语文中进行的作文测试,我们实际上是完全不知道考试会出现什么题目的,我们平时练习的时候,也基本上不会考虑考试的时候是否会遇到同样的题目,但是最终,写作能力比较好,思维方式比较正确,知识面比较宽的同学往往会在作文中得到高分。从这个角度来看,实际上在准备作文的过程中,练习的题目是否是高频并不重要,而重要的是,是否通过练习形成了正确的分析思路,写作思路,并且让语言的表达正确。

其次,很多人也认为“高频”题目在考试时被抽到的可能性更大,并且还有人会计算题目出现的概率。为了让大家都能看明白,我不会在这里建立一个模型来计算什么题目出现的概率较大,我们只考虑如下的一些问题。首先,ETS在从开放题库中抽取题目给考生的时候,是一种随机的选择方式,那么,每个题目被抽取到的概率是完全一样的。而现在并没有证据表明ETS在抽取题目的时候采用了任何优先级策略,所以我们不能对此作出主观假设。第二,从目前的高频统计方式来看,存在着很大的漏洞。据我所了解的情况,基本上是部分考生在考试结束后,在一些论坛或者BBS上发帖子,来说自己考到了什么题目,然后由一些热心的网友来进行人工统计,最后得到了所谓的“高频”题目。

大家不妨计算一下每天有多少人去参加GRE的作文考试,一年下来又有多少人参加作文考试,其中在网上发布题目的人的比例有多少,而发布出来的题目被统计的又有多少。如果这些数据本身都没有确切值的话,那么统计的样本首先就是存在问题的。而“高频”的出现,很可能是“马太效应”的结果,即在很长一段时间里面,A题目被大多数人关注,于是成为了“高频”的一部分,于是,有人考到了这个题目,在网上发了帖子,那么这个题目的关注度继续上升。而那些“低频”的题目,即使有人发了,也没人去关注,但是很可能在一段时间后,某个“低频”的题目其实出现的频率很高了,但是却依然没有人去关注它。因此,要想得到科学的统计,必须有一个平台,来随时完整统计大多数人在考试中遇到的题目的情况,并且实时更新,才能得到较为准确的数据。

因此,在备考GRE作文的过程中,其实是否准备网络流传的“高频”题目并不重要,而重要的是,无论准备什么题目,都能有正确的思考路径和分析方法,并且能够用正确的语言来表达自己的想法。当系统化的思维方式和准确的语言表达习惯形成的时候,无论什么题目都没有问题。此外,如果希望消除题目熟练度的影响,大量阅读题目,并且写作提纲是必要的,其中也包括对题目的分析和简单的逻辑结构梳理。

GRE写作如何让自己的文章不落俗套

为实现自己的留学之梦,无数学生默默地在GRE考试中付出自己辛勤的汗水。所有GRE高分故事背后都有值得我们学习的GRE备考经验。相信这样的一个个GRE高分故事能够在你备考GRE考试的过程中送上一丝鼓励与指导。

想要提高自己的新GRE作文水平,避免与别人的GRE作文雷同,那么就要适当地背诵GRE作文模板、借鉴其写作手法,最重要的是自己平日里备考GRE考试中要多加练习。要想避免新GRE作文雷同,考生应从以下几个方面努力:

1.在观点上要具有洞察力,要有自己的原创特色。

观点是新GRE作文考试的核心内容,考察考生能否对一个issue进行深入分析与思考并最终提出一个有层次的观点。有了原创观点就不用担心雷同。我这样说也许有有点像让快饿死的人去吃肉粥。如果真的要借鉴范文观点,我建议应该尽可能做一些调整,以避免第二个雷区。或者干脆在文中讲明这个思路是借鉴了哪一本参考书的。美国人对真小人比对伪君子要宽容。

2.绝对不能照抄原文。

在语言上可以使用一些范文的句式,但是绝对不能照抄原文,而是要换掉一些关键词。或者如果要借用关键词,则必须使用别的句式。

3.在结构上可以采取声东击西的策略。

比如把北美范文用在120题的结构和破题策略用在210题上。

4.可以引用范文例证。

在例证方面,使用范文用过的例证没有问题,哪怕用那些被判雷同的例证也没问题。例证是人类的共同知识,谁都可以使用,关键是我们不能用和范文作者同样的思路和语言来诠释例证并展开类似的论证。

因此,越是耳熟能详的例证如牛顿与苹果树、爱迪生孵蛋,要写出原创的内容就越困难,雷同的危险就越大。

篇2:gre考试用途你需要了解

gre考试用途你需要了解

不少曾经参加过老gre考试的考生,都会感叹自己没有赶上好时候。为什么会这么说呢?因为在新GRE考试上,除了题目题型的各类变化外,还增加了不少方便新gre考试考生的便利措施。

数学部分有一个计算器

Calculator:数学部分提供了在线计算器。考生可以使用计算器计算,节约时间,或者使用计算器进行检查。

“我使用了计算器,因为自己手算能力比较差,有计算器可以帮助我正确地计算出答案,使我答题更加有信心。”——北京航天航空大学软件工程专业本科生

马克评论功能

Mark- Review:方便考生标记不确定的题目,并且快速回到先前跳过的题目。

“尤其是语文部分遇到三空的单词填空题的时候,如果选项里有多个单词不能区分意思的情况,我会跳过这题,先争取时间解答其他部分。gre考试介绍,gre考试有什么用还能比较方便的定位到我之前有意跳过的或者不确定的题目。”——亚利桑那州立大学地理学专业硕士研究生

gre考试用途人性化的送货服务

Score Select:通过Score Select服务,参加多次GRE考试的考生可以选择自己满意的一次或多次成绩送往要申请的院校,向目标院校提交最能体现自己能力的成绩。这项服务可以帮助考生更加自信地参加考试。

GRE必备核心词组:be intrigued by

be intrigued by 被……所吸引

释义

If you are intrigued by something, especially something strange, it interests you and you want to know more about it.

例句

Apparently executives from both sides have been intrigued by the notion that two companeis could merger into a monoply power.

GRE

Perhaps because scientists have been so intrigued by dogs' superior senses of smell and hearing, researchers have long underestimated their eyesight, assuming that they inhabit a drab, black-and-white world, devoid of color.

也许是因为科学家一直被狗类出色的嗅觉和听觉所吸引,狗类的视觉长期被研究者低估了:狗类被认为生活在单调、黑白、缺乏色彩的世界中。

GRE必备核心词组:for fear of

for fear of 为了避免……

释义

If you take a particular course of action for fear of something, you take the action in order to prevent that thing happening.

例句

She refused to say anything to journalists for fear of hurting her reputation.

GRE

Filmmakers need to resist the impulse to move the camera quickly from detail to detail for fear of boring the viewer, to frame the image for the sake of drama alone, to add music for fear of silence.

电影制片人需要抵抗这样一种冲动:为了避免让观众陷入无聊而在细节之间快速移动摄影机,仅仅为了戏剧性而进行构图,为了避免无声的场景而加入音乐。

GRE必备核心词组:if at all

if at all 就算真的有

释义

You use if at all to give emphasis in negative statements, conditional clauses, and questions.

例句

Other researchers believe that intelligence is minimallyheritable, if at all.

GRE

We are not told in what way, if at all, this discovery illuminates historical understanding.

就算有的话,我们也不知道这项发现如何能帮助理解这一历史。

篇3:gre考试写作建议看了吗

gre考试写作建议看了吗?

首先,给出了gre写作考试题库。经过前辈几年的总结,计算机考试本身已经没有悬念。高频、模版、示例、范文、大量资料充斥着互联网,并被专业人士和机构汇总印刷。考生考试前只需花两三个月的时间练习,申请的分数一点都不成问题。对一个有良好基础的人来说,一两个月就足够了。但问题也随之而来。每个人都使用相同的参考资料,写作水平也一样。看来考官分不清好坏,只能给出最安全的分数。

其次,由于即兴创作的倾向,虽然语言逐渐向标准的书面英语靠拢,但仍缺乏时间的沉淀,无法一步到位地达到gre考试写作本身的特点。就像形状但不是精神。

最后,可以说,大部分作品还处于临摹阶段,而不是独立创作阶段。因为有现成的模板和例子,在范文的指导下,gre写作方法,gre写作怎么练模仿写作的结构和观点。所以它经常导致一篇作文看起来像那样,但事实上,它没有意义。对题目的意义和作文的目的缺乏透彻的理解。

综上所述,有几个原因导致大多数考前付出了无数汗水和努力的考生最终未能达到这个邪恶的理想分数。为了解决这个问题,这里有一些gre写作考试建议,

GRE词汇。很多人在写作前都在问是否需要背诵红皮书上的单词。答案是否定的,《红宝书》中的单词是为笔试的中文部分而收集整理的,与作文没有多大关系。作文的高级水平还是那些。当机器或考官看到它时,他或她会立即把它锁上。如果他或她知道如何写议论文,他或她将依赖他们。此外,一些常用动词和名词的同义词应分成若干组记忆。英语修辞不是华丽的,而是多变的。句型应该是可变的,表达相同意思的词也应该是可变的。原来英语单调,重复是禁忌。

GRE模板。如何使用模板不是使用模板,而是合理使用模板。因为对初学者来说,一目了然是件好事。什么是结构?模板是结构。模板是骨架,支撑,但不是灵魂。当然,灵魂部分是文章的主要目的,靠自己不懈的写作,不断的研究去探索和发现。不要依赖模板。没有灵魂的骷髅得不到高分。

练习。实践必须从头到尾进行。从量变到质变的突破还需要时间。

在考试中。考前的模型测试是为了让大家抓紧时间,更好地进一步检查缺失,弥补缺失。在考场里,面对危险,我们不应感到困惑。不管出现什么样的问题,我们相信我们以前见过他们,没有他们的家人,我们无法改变。当然,我们在实践中需要不断提高自己的知识基础。

GRE作文范文:过度专业化问题

GRE写作题目:

“Academic disciplines have become so specialized in recent years that scholars' ideas reach only a narrow audience. Until scholars can reach a wider audience,their ideas will have little use.”

近些年来,学科已经细化到了相当的程度以至于学者们的理念只影响小范围的人群。除非学者们能拥有影响等大范围的人群,否则他们的理念将几乎毫无用处。

GRE作文范文:

Although academic disciplines have become so specialized in recent years,scholars' ideas can still reach a wide audience by the advantage of the knowledge structure. We can simply put that it is the human beings' knowledge structure that makes it possible for a scholar's ideas in his specialized discipline to reach a much wider audiences who don't necessarily belong to his own discipline.

The reason why I draw this conclusion will be illustrated by recalling the process of social evolution.

During the passed centuries,the social economy has been greatly boosted by the revolutions in science and technology,which in turn increases the width and depth of academic disciplines to solve unencountered and more complex problems arising in the new situations. To solve new problems,we probably need new methods. That will undoubtedly calls for invention of new ideas,which will certainly adds to human beings' knowledge. Thus with the progress of science and technology,more and more knowledge will be added to the old system. A new problem will come: how the newly obtained knowledge is organized. This problem will be clear when we make classification of the new knowledge according to the old knowledge system. If there is content of the newly-get that doesn't properly belong to any sort of the old system,it means a

new discipline will emerge. But could we just assert that the newly formed discipline doesn't possess any relationship with any of the old ones? Certainly not. This is because the new knowledge is obtained through the old methods,which obviously means the new knowledge do have some connections with some old disciplines,otherwise I am quite sure we could not find it!

From the above,we can easily reach the conclusion that every academic discipline has certain relationships with some other ones. The structure of human's knowledge is just like the complexity of a net! And also it is a natural trend that academic disciplines become more and more specialized.

With the depositing and specializing process of knowledge,it causes humans to accommodate themselves to this situation. Because the God gives every person a limited time and energy,it is necessary for a person,who wants to make progress in his discipline,to adjust his knowledge structure to adapt to his research domain,that is to say,to be more devoted to his own research area. On the other hand,if he cares too much for unrelated or less related area,he will probably not be able to bring innovation to his main academic discipline. Simply put,we almost cannot find a man who constructs the Theory of Relativity and in the mean time composes symphony like Mozart's! So we can say every scholar must be more devoted to his own discipline than to others,but a wider knowledge of other disciplines sometimes involuntarily invokes sparks of new ideas.

GRE issue题目及写作思路:掌权者五年让位

题目

“In any profession--business, politics, education, government--those in power should step down after five years. The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership.”

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

题干分析

在任何领域中----商业、政治、教育、政府----掌权者应该在五年后就让位。这是任何机构获得成功的最好的方式:通过更新领导者而保持活力。

OUTLINE

Limiting the term of leadership is an effective way to prevent corruption and lack of initiatives.

1. When leaders have no fear of losing their power, they tend to abuse their power.

2. A new leadership usually has greater initiative and would ring in new ideas.

3. However, in certain realms such as business it might not be o necessary to limit the term of leadership.

4. Furthermore, new leaders often lack the necessary skill and experience to cope with existing problems; therefore, they need a period of time for adaptation.

篇4:gre考试写作部分修改建议

1、积累足够多的gre考试形容词,辨析他们之间的不同,vocabulary.com是个很棒的网站。里面有近义词的辨析。比如significant, vital, crucial, critical, indispensable都是重要,那具体有什么区别呢?

2、不要放过英语场景,那是学习形容词准确意思的非常好的机会。比如某期美国好声音里shakira在形容一个歌手声音的时候用的词是otherworldly,那么因为我们实际的听到了那个声音,所有会真正的理解在老外眼里什么声音是“空灵的”。

3、在写作过程中觉得有个词不好,又没有积累的情况下,可以找相关的可能出现这个词的英语场景。比如我写了a good job, 但是不知道还能用什么词来替代good, 那我认为在wikipedia上搜索“the pursuit of happiness”《当幸福来敲门》应该会找到答案。

gre写作考试修改的过程就是一个提高的过程,绝对不能写完了不改就扔在一边,那样只能停留在原来的水平。推荐大家先不限时写几篇,写完一篇就立刻打印出来逐字逐句修改,把过于简单的词和句子一一替换,注意别用太难的词和没把握的词,能用到6级词汇就差不多了,如果想要添加一下较难的词汇建议大家用词典将相应单词查找出来,用进文章里,并且将这个词的含义,词性,用法以及搭配都摘抄到笔记本上。久而久之,你便会形成自己的单词库,还能在无意识间扩大词汇量。

修改gre写作还需要做的一点就是找到自己认为漂亮实用的句式,往自己的gre独立写作里套。尤其开头段,结尾段以及中间各段的衔接,找到了漂亮的句式就从此永远用这个不要再改了,这就是自己独家的写作模板。

GRE考前一周应该如何准备GRE写作

关于GRE的写作部分,很多同学都定位不清,而且市面上流行的说法非常多。比如有的说要写长句,要写难句,甚至有人说要押韵。对这些说法姑且不做评论。今天万炜老师在这里只分享的考试前最后一周GRE写作该怎么做。

万炜老师教GRE写作的时候有一项明确规定:上课认真听讲,下课不复习,考前一周甚至考前3天再开始准备写作。之所以这么要求,是因为中国考生的GRE Verbal都还来不及复习,甚至数学准备都不充分,所以不建议将宝贵的复习时间用于写作。

事实上,申请中只有极少数专业对GRE写作成绩有要求。这一点几乎适用于所有理工科院系、教育学、MPA、艺术类、与数学有密切联系的社会科学专业(如经济学)。即便你申请哈佛耶鲁,也是如此。只有如英语文学、新闻这一类纯文科专业GRE写作才有可能要求4分甚至更高。因此,尽管万炜老师对大家GRE Verbal的要求是精益求精,对GRE写作则不然。

本文介绍的短期突破方法主要针对写作目标分数在3到5分的选手。而那些GRE写作考了2.5分的同学,你可能根本不知道GRE写作在考你什么。

根据最近两年ETS发布的数据来看,中国考生GRE写作的平均成绩为3.0分。这个分数并不算高分,但对大部分考生来说足够申请使用。事实上,当你的托福写作分数达到20分以后,GRE写作基本可以随意考到3分。但是需要注意的是,GRE写作考的不是写作,而是你的分析能力。

考生语言水平要求:TOEFL写作分数大于20分,那么GRE可以随意考3分。GRE写作考的不是写作,是你的分析能力。

这里和大家分享万炜老师独家整理的GRE写作argument和issue的题目分析。此处需要注意的是,因为argument短期内更容易有所突破,所以建议各位考生更加重视argument。

对于Argument的复习要求是,看完上述资料的所有分析,写至少三篇文章,字数400,三篇文章形式必须一样。也就是三篇长得非常像。Argument必须保证每篇文章写得差不多。

对于Issue的复习要求是,看完所有分析,写每篇文章的框架(开头,各段段首理由)。

考前一周GRE写作Argument的写作方法

每一篇argument都是一个完整的论证线路。你所写的并不叫Argument,而是你读到的文章叫Argument。我们要做的是,按照顺序,对原文每一个论证步骤进行以下三步分析:

1、指出你所讨论的步骤的要素(前提、结论、假设)

2、指出使得作者假设不成立的可能情况(制造反例)

3、指出作者需要补充的额外证据以加强其论证

请注意,我们的目的并不是驳倒对方,很多时候更可能是完善对方的论点。同学们写Argument常见错误是把Argument当驳论文去写。但是事实上我们不讨论前提的对错,不讨论结论的对错,我们只是针对文章的假设,提出可能的错误。我们关注的不是结论的对错,而是逻辑链,即原文的前提是否足以支持结论。

接下来再看Issue。

如果只剩下3天就要GRE考试,那么其实Issue部分可以不用看了,因为GRE的Issue写作短期不容易提高。

如果还有一周时间,最好还是看一眼,但是一篇都不用写。因为每一篇Issue的话题不同,没有可以复制的内容。所以同学们只需要练习整体结构性的东西。

此处万炜老师介绍一个万能的结构,不是最好的,但是什么情况都可以用。

首先,同学们完成Issue时要做到以下三点:

1、无个人视角,站在话题双方考虑可能的理由;

2、选择证据支持/反对每一条理由;

3、结合以上分析,得出结论(不要在意是不是太极端或者中立)。

4、语言准确(字数你能写400真不错了,4分足够用)

GRE Argument写作逻辑思路分析

关于GRE Argument和Issue

GRE Argument:评价别人的论证,相当于托福的综合写作,不需要说出自己的观点。

GRE Issue:表达自己的观点,相当于托福的独立写作,你的观点是什么。

可以简单讲Argument定义为Counter Argue:读懂作者的思路,然后进行逆向反驳,或者说进行抬杠。因为评价别人可以是正面,也可以负面,因此写的时候可以加强也可以削弱,但是一般推荐削弱。因为我们论证一件事是错的比证明它是对的要容易很多。比如我们做一个360度分析,作者只看到了其中的一面,想要论证他的问题,只要论证另一个方面不同就可以。但如果想要论证加强,必须要把其他359度都思考一遍,并且具有一定的排他性。所以这里想说,并不是Argument一定是驳论文,但是因为反驳比支持好写,所以一般会写驳论文。

篇5:gre考试写作衔接词多多了解

for instance; for example; such as; consider the fact that;

立即:

immediately; for the time being; in no time; on the spot;

gre考试鉴于此:

for that matter; in that case; for that reason; as for;

可能不是这样:

(unfortunately)

=>this is not necessarily the case;

this is often/certainly not the case;

this might not be the case;

this need not be the case;

common sense and experience tell us this is not the case/this assumption is a poor one;

=>the argument fails to substantiate this assumption;

perhaps ~that have nothing to do with~;

this argument by anal.y is wholly unpersuasive;

this argument, nonetheless, is based on an oversimplified analysis of the cause of~ and the presumptuous correlation is unacceptable;

=>although this is entirely possible, the argument provides no evidence to support this assumption;

if this is not the case, then it is entirely possible that~;

lacking evidence to confirm this assumption, it is entirely possible that ~;

应该:

would have to; should; ought to; must; have to; be required to; would be;

gre写作考试根据总体的趋势:

overall group of~; in general; as a whole; on the whole;

断言:

assert; claim; postulate; declare; affirm; emphasize; advocate;

反映:

indicate; reveal; reflect; demonstrate; imply; illustrate; infer; predict;

可能性:

possibility; likelihood (in all likelihood); alternative/alternative means of ~; explanation; occurence; validity; legitimacy; credibility;

可行性:

feasibility;

GRE作文范文:Argument

Discuss how well reasoned you find this argument.

1.The following appeared in a memorandum written by the vice president of Nature's Way, a chain of stores selling health food and other health-related products.

“Previous experience has shown that our stores are most profitable in areas where residents are highly concerned with leading healthy lives. We should therefore build our next new store in Painesville, which has many such residents. Painesville merchants report that sales of running shoes and exercise clothing are at all-time highs. The local health club, which nearly closed five years ago due to lack of business, has more members than ever, and the weight training and aerobics classes are always full. We can even anticipate a new generation of customers: Painesville's schoolchildren are required to participate in a 'fitness for life' program, which emphasizes the benefits of regular exercise at an early age.”

2.The following appeared in a letter sent by a committee of homeowners from the Deer haven Acres to all homeowners in Deer haven Acres.

“Seven years ago, homeowners in nearby Brookville community adopted a set of restrictions on how the community's yards should be landscaped and what colors the exteriors of homes should be painted. Since then, average property values have tripled in Brookville. In order to raise property values in Deer haven Acres, we should adopt our own set of restrictions on landscaping and house painting.”

3.The following appeared in a newspaper article about law firms in the city of Megalopolis.

“In Megalopolis, the number of law school graduates who went to work for large, corporate firms declined by 15% over the last three years, whereas an increasing number of graduates took jobs at small, general practice firms. Even though large firms usually offer much higher salaries, law school graduates are choosing to work for the smaller firms most likely because they experience greater job satisfaction at smaller firms. In a survey of first-year students at a leading law school, most agreed with the statement that earning a high salary was less important to them than job satisfaction. This finding suggests that the large, corporate firms of Megalopolis will need to offer graduates more benefits and incentives and reduce the number of hours they must work.”

4.“Of the two leading real estate firms in our town---Adams Realty and Fitch Realty---Adams is clearly superior. Adams has 40 real estate agents. In contrast, Fitch has 25, many of whom work only part-time. Moreover, Adams' revenue last year was twice as high as that of Fitch, and included home sales that averaged $168,000, compared to Fitch's $144,000. Homes listed with Adams sell faster as well: ten years ago, I listed my home with Fitch and it took more than four months to sell; last year, when I sold another home, I listed it with Adams, and it took only one month. Thus, if you want to sell your home quickly and at a good price, you should use Adams.”

从GRE Issue考试的官方陈述看issue写作素材的准备思路

“到底用中国素材还是美国素材好?”

“到底什么样的素材会吸引考官的眼球?”

“法律类的题目我实在没有例子怎么办?”

“像牛顿、爱因斯坦的例子到底能不能用?”

……

我个人认为,要回答上述问题,就要先仔细阅读一下ETS对GRE写作的官方陈述:

“The Analytical Writing Measure tests your critical thinking and analytical writing skills. It assesses your ability to articulate and support complex ideas, construct and evaluate arguments, and sustain a focused and coherent discussion. It does not assess specific content knowledge.

The tasks in the Analytical Writing measure relate to a broad range of subjects — from the fine arts and humanities to the social and physical sciences — but no task requires knowledge of specific content. In fact, each task has been tested by actual GRE? test takers to ensure that it possesses several important characteristics, including the following:

● GRE test takers, regardless of their field of study or special interests, understood the task and could easily respond to it.

● The task elicited the kinds of complex thinking and persuasive writing that university faculty consider important for success in graduate school.

● The responses were varied in content and in the way the writers developed their ideas.”

上述的官方陈述中,我们可以看出以下几点:

1)不考察专业背景。ETS明确指出:“It does not assess specific content knowledge.”“No task requires knowledge of specific content.”既然如此,素材是否足够专业,对考分是没有影响的。也就是说,专业性强的素材不一定能够为考试加分。而普通素材也不一定让考试减分。所以,我个人觉得,我们要彻底摒弃issue素材准备过程中对知识背景的过分依赖。

2)着重考察辩证性思维(critical thinking)和分析性的写作能力(analytical writing skills)。ETS明确指出,GRE写作考试,其实更关注于:你的写作是否体现了辩证性思维,你的写作是否论证性强、具有说服力。因此,我们其实不应该花很多时间在素材上,大量的精力应该放在论证是否说服力强这一点上。

以ETS所给出的官方范文为例,ETS在官方网站和官方指南上都给出了题库第一题的从1分到6分的官方范文。其中那篇6分的官方范文,我们通过剖析不难发现。全文所用的11个例证没有一个是学术性专业性很强的例子。相反,作者所举的例子都是很普通的、平时生活中非常常见的例子。以下段落摘自该文的第一段[注1]:

“The statement linking technology negatively with free thinking plays on recent human experience over the past century. Surely there has been no time in history where the lived lives of people have changed more dramatically. A quick reflection on a typical day reveals how technology has revolutionized the world. Most people commute to work in an automobile that runs on an internal combustion engine. During the workday, chances are high that the employee will interact with a computer that processes information on silicon bridges that are .09 microns wide. Upon leaving home, family members will be reached through wireless networks that utilize satellites orbiting the earth. Each of these common occurrences could have been inconceivable at the turn of the 19th century.”

这其实是一个很值得推敲的issue开头。整个段落中,作者所使用了三个例子(car, computer, mobile phone),均属很平常很普通的素材。但是,语句的写作非常流畅,让读者阅读之后大脑中产生很强的画面感。由此可见,素材本身不分高低贵贱,用好生活中的很朴实的素材,也能够成就GRE写作高分。

此外,还需要关注的是,普通例子还有一个极其重要的好处,那就是说服力更强。还是拿这个段落举例,作者用“A quick reflection on a typical day reveals how technology has revolutionized the world.”这样一句话把这三个例子串了起来,体现出这些例子的典型性和普适性。一定程度上,这样平常、简单的例子来例证,非但没有让文章“逊色”,反而让这种论证变得具有极强的说服力。相反,如果你在此举的例子很特殊很专业,反而不具有说服力。为什么呢?我们学习argument考试的时候应该都学过一个逻辑错误叫“hasty generalization”(以小推大)。事实上,所有的举例论证,都会有这个问题。Argument中我们要指出这个逻辑漏洞,而在issue写作中,我们就要尽量避免这个逻辑漏洞。如何尽量弥补?就是依靠朴实无华的日常生活中的例子。而尽量避免学术性强,专业性强的例子。

为什么要提这一点呢?因为长期以来,GRE issue一直给学生甚至部分老师一种幻觉,那就是:既然是学术考试,就必须要把文章写得很学术。比如,凡是出现法律类的题目,就必须把法律的基本假定、法律的意义这些东西要阐述清楚。这种认识,在很长一段时间内,哪怕是在现在,依然普遍存在。不少GRE写作老师甚至某些GRE写作参考书,对学生的这种认识也起到了推波助澜的作用。普遍地,同学们会选择“难”、“深”的素材来作为写作素材,觉得在考试中所运用的素材越专业越艰深,就越能体现出自己深厚的学术功底。而实际情况并非如此。在我所接触的学生习作中,不乏有使用专业性很强、而写得并不理想的文章。以下为典型的一例:

(学生习作)11. People's behaviour is largely determined by forces not of their own making.

The statement indicates that people behave according to external forces instead of their own idea. However, as the great philosopher Karl Marx said, all the things are determined by inner world, since internal elements are decisive while external factors merely play a role of catalyst. Consider the process of decision making, which people's behaviour depends on. No matter how powerful external forces are, it is people themselves that decide whether they yield to the forces or insist on their own belief or follow their hearts when pressure from external forces and ideas in inner world are controversial. Accordingly, for this matter, I would like to stand the side Marx holds.

To start with, we should acknowledge that behaviour is depended on decision. As Cognitive Behaviour Theory proves, people's behaviour directly results from decision. Only after thinking and decision can people set out to do something. Based on this assumption, therefore, it is necessary for us to have a look on the process of decision making.

People's behaviour can be classified into two groups. One is instinctive behaviour which regareds people as a kind of animal, and the other is social behaviour. However, as people are a kind of social animal with brilliant mind, instinctive behaviour such as seeking for water, food and sacurity, in terms of people, is nevertheless controlled by brains. For instance, soldiers can suffer from thirsty and hunger during wars, students will stop eating when class starts for the sake of respecting teachers, although they may extremely hungry. Thus, despite instinctive behaviour may determined by forces on other kinds of animal, people behaves after their decisions.

Social behaviour, the other group, is more clear to see dependence on decision. Large number of theories study decision making and factors influencing decision. Communication and psychological theorists developed consistency theory, which offers us a powerful testimony on people's own decision when facing conflict choice. All consistency theories begin with the same premise: people are more comfortable with consistency than inconsistency. Therefore, people tend to initially seek mental balance facing conflicts. Even though external pressure does not obviously force one, who is the unique one holds different idea with others, to change idea, but for seeking mentally balance, the individual tends to follow the majority. In this way, decision changes, on one's own making.

Similarly, in terms of economics theory, game theory provides a method of studying decision making, which also strengths people's own tendency to maximum the benefit and minimum the loss .Take laws, a definitely type of forces out of people's mind, for example. Laws forbid people in a variety of aspects. No matter what individuals thinks, laws regulate people's behaviour. And during one's decision making on whether he is going to drive or not after drinking beer, for example, he is bound to weigh benefits and loss. Laws doubtless play a role of affecting his decision.

上文给读者的最大印象是“难懂”。而且作为写作老师,我完全想象得出来,作者写这篇文章的过程也同样是极其痛苦的。作者非常希望自己能够写出一篇很深刻的文章,可是对于一个对英语写作的驾驭能力不是特别高的同学来说,写这样的文章就会出现被“憋”住的情况。即:想表达但不会表达、或者想表达但不知如何表达的情况。本文中,这种例子不计其数。全文从第一段开始,就引用了社会行为学和社会心理学的理论来进行阐述,但是,所有读者在读文章的过程中,几乎要每读一句话就要停顿一下,想一想作者到底要表达什么。比如,第四段第一句话:Social behaviour, the other group, is more clear to see dependence on decision. 这种句子,就是典型的读者大致能够知道作者想表达什么,但就是不会表达的情况。更为典型的就是第四段的倒数第二句:Even though external pressure does not obviously force one, who is the unique one holds different idea with others, to change idea, but for seeking mentally balance, the individual tends to follow the majority. 此句话层次非常不清楚,让读者读后完全不知所云。事实上,这种写作常常会让文章陷入“死局”——作者很痛苦,同时读者也很痛苦。作者想表达但不会表达,读者想弄清楚作者的意思但反复读还是弄不清楚。出现这种情况的主要原因,其实就是文中所使用的写作素材理论性过强,导致过于抽象。我们知道,无论是哪门语言,表达抽象概念的难度要远远大于表达具体事例的难度。这几乎成为了所有人全都认同的常识。因此,如果没有能力来驾驭这样的文章,想办法把文章写得更加“简单”才是明智之举。而且,既然ETS已经明确指出,是否了解专业背景对于文章分数的高低没有任何影响,这就说明把文章写得艰深是完全没有必要的。既然如此,那就索性不要选择理论性专业性强的素材。

很多同学在骨子里害怕GRE issue考试,例子是其中的一个致命问题。而事实上,我们根本不用担心,因为所有的话题,我们其实都有办法用日常生活中的例子就完全能够应付。比如,涉及类似法律领域的题目,就没有生活的例子了吗?当然不是!交通法规、食品安全、网络安全、保护环境、盗版、甚至义务教育法,都是阿!哪一个不可以举例?!为什么一定要举辛普森案件、十四修正案呢?艺术没有生活的例子了吗?文学、影视中的好例子比比皆是,为何一定要举莫扎特、贝多芬呢?如果把这些例子准备好,那是非常棒的。既好写、又具有说服力,何乐而不为呢?

当然,必须要指出的,本文的观点是基于ETS官方陈述的解读和中国学生写作的实际情况入手进行分析的。并不代表所有同学都一定要沿着这条思路走。专业性强的例子不是不可以,而是具有劣势。但这并不表明每一个学生都写不好专业性强的例子。所以,同学们要根据自己的实际情况进行选择。如果某个领域的专业性素材你非常熟悉而且写起来得心应手,当然是可以的。

篇6:GRE写作建议你看了么

GRE写作建议你看了么

首先,给出了GRE题库。经过前辈几年的总结,计算机考试本身已经没有悬念。高频、模版、示例、范文、大量资料充斥着互联网,并被专业人士和机构汇总印刷。考生考试前只需花两三个月的时间练习,申请的分数一点都不成问题。对一个有良好基础的人来说,一两个月就足够了。但问题也随之而来。每个人都使用相同的参考资料,写作水平也一样。看来考官分不清好坏,只能给出最安全的分数。

其次,由于即兴创作的倾向,虽然语言逐渐向标准的书面英语靠拢,但仍缺乏时间的沉淀,无法一步到位地达到GRE写作本身的特点。就像形状但不是精神。

最后,可以说,大部分作品还处于临摹阶段,而不是独立创作阶段。因为有现成的模板和例子,在范文的指导下,gre写作方法,gre写作怎么练模仿写作的结构和观点。所以它经常导致一篇作文看起来像那样,但事实上,它没有意义。对题目的意义和作文的目的缺乏透彻的理解。

综上所述,有几个原因导致大多数考前付出了无数汗水和努力的考生最终未能达到这个邪恶的理想分数。为了解决这个问题,这里有一些建议,

一。GRE词汇。很多人在写作前都在问是否需要背诵红皮书上的单词。答案是否定的,《红宝书》中的单词是为笔试的中文部分而收集整理的,与作文没有多大关系。作文的高级水平还是那些。当机器或考官看到它时,他或她会立即把它锁上。如果他或她知道如何写议论文,他或她将依赖他们。此外,一些常用动词和名词的同义词应分成若干组记忆。英语修辞不是华丽的,而是多变的。句型应该是可变的,表达相同意思的词也应该是可变的。原来英语单调,重复是禁忌。

2。GRE模板。如何使用模板不是使用模板,而是合理使用模板。因为对初学者来说,一目了然是件好事。什么是结构?模板是结构。模板是骨架,支撑,但不是灵魂。当然,灵魂部分是文章的主要目的,靠自己不懈的写作,不断的研究去探索和发现。不要依赖模板。没有灵魂的骷髅得不到高分。

三。练习。实践必须从头到尾进行。从量变到质变的突破还需要时间。

四。在考试中。考前的模型测试是为了让大家抓紧时间,更好地进一步检查缺失,弥补缺失。在考场里,面对危险,我们不应感到困惑。不管出现什么样的问题,我们相信我们以前见过他们,没有他们的家人,我们无法改变。当然,我们在实践中需要不断提高自己的知识基础。

GRE写作分数不高的建议

1.有的放矢,充分准备。在备考新GRE作文过程中要多准备例子,并把它们一一写下来,进行分类。一个例子往往可以应对好几个同类的题目,这样做是效率最高的办法。

2.万事开头难,迈出第一步。我们都害怕写新GRE作文,想到要练习写一整篇文章,往往就没有了信心。其实我们可以从练习写作开头段,然后设计文章的提纲开始。写开头段能够让我们以轻松一点的心情着手新GRE写作的准备,并且迅速了解所有的题目,因为GRE考试的题目数量是固定的。储备积极词汇,用时得心应手。从备考的开始就要着手增加working vocabulary, 当然也包含词组,成语。平时背的词汇往往只是看到它能知道其中文的某个翻译意思,但是我们却不能灵活运用这些词汇进行表达,更不用说在短暂的GRE写作考试时间内用它们遣词造句了

GRE范文:科学的作用

题目:

The function of science is to reassure; the purpose of art is to upset. Therein lies the value of each.

科学的作用是解惑;艺术的目的是创新。只有这样他们才各得其所。

正文:

Science and art are two of the most glorious fields in which numerous people have made their great contributions. As the society develops, people concern more about the function of science, of art and of other realms. Some may argue that the function of science is to reassure, and the purpose of art is to upset, however, as far as I am concerned, science and art have more significant values than just to reassure or to upset people.

The main function of science is to propel the development of human society and to provide people the power to understand the nature and ourselves. In the primordial days of the human history, when the conception of science first emerged, science was to answer people's questions and to satisfy people's curiosity towards myriad mysterious phenomenon. If we understand the science in such way, we can't see clear differences between the inchoate religion and the inchoate science, because, the functions of both of them are nearly the same, and both contain totally absurd theories if one studies them today. One may agree that in that period of time, science was largely to reassure people's fear towards the mysteries just as what religions try to do.

However, the development of science finally makes it an important tool for us to understand the nature and to change the nature in our favor. The understanding of electricity expels the old thought that the thunder is a sign indicating that the god is angry. The advancement achieved in medicine greatly elongate human's life, and nowadays people no longer depend on certain rituals to give them health. Discoveries and inventions alike have transformed our society into the nowadays form, and provide us great power to determine our future. If science is only to reassure us, how can we achieve the feats we have made through our history? As Francis Bacon once said, “Knowledge is power”, the true function of science is to give us the power to conquer the difficulties we confront.

Unlike science, arts which seldom give us the power to better our material lives, mainly concern about our spiritual lives. Admittedly, some arts actually upset people by let us see the weakness of the human nature or the darkness of our society, as the art works of Michelangelo. However, arts possess much more functions than just upset us. Arts can ease our emotions and reassure us, as the music of Mozart does; arts can give us confidence and braveness, as the music of Beethoven does; arts can also tell us what philosophy is, as the music of Mahler does. Although arts possess so many functions,one can judge that the major function of art is to represent the life and to present the artists' ideals. Most literary works, such as fictions, poems, dramas, give us a vivid image of the society. Other forms of arts have the same kind of functions. For example, Tchaikovsky composed music to represent the hard life of the common Russian people, while Van Gogh drew pictures to represent the beauty of the nature. There're also other pieces of art showing us the inner part of the artists, for instance, the representative new trend movie “four hundred blows”. By presenting the life and the ideals, arts give us true understanding of our circumstances and ourselves in a spiritual way. Arts can not explain why it rains,but it explains how people feel about the rainy day.

Before we can make full utilization of any subjects of study, we must at first understand their main functions and values to our society. For example, if we depend upon rituals and ceremonies to give us fortune and luck and to provide us enough to eat, we may probably die of hunger. The true value of these rituals and ceremonies lies in the fact that they are crucial part of our culture. It's the same case for science and art, if we hold the opinion that science is only to reassure people, and art is only to upset people, we can't see the importance of these two subjects to our society. It's possible that we ignore the development of them, and sequentially our society won't develop without the breakthroughs made in science, and our citizens won't lead a happy life and will stay in an ignorant status without the existence of great art works.

Science and art, as discussed above, are crucial to our society. Admittedly, science can reassure people by explain the mysterious phenomenon, and arts can upset people by let us see things we can't discover with our own eyes. However, if we simply regard science and art this way, we would miss so much that our society will stop developing or even collapse into chaos.

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